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Expenses by nature
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Notes and other explanatory information [abstract]  
Expenses by nature

  

22.Expenses by nature

 

a)The group’s total expenses of cost of goods sold and operating expenses are as follows:

  

   Year ended
December 31, 2024		   Year ended
December 31, 2023		 
Cost of revenue  $11,933,181   $20,855,842 
Operating expenses   4,518,366    3,809,770 
Total expenses  $16,451,547   $24,665,612 

  

b)The group’s total expenses by nature are as follows:

   Year ended
December 31, 2024		   Year ended
December 31, 2023		 
Purchase and sale of merchandise inventory  $11,921,857   $8,387,054 
Raw materials and supplies used   -    5,840,152 
Change in inventory of finished goods and work in process   -    1,561,187 
Processing cost   -    422,862 
Loss on inventory valuation   11,324    55,137 
Employee benefit expenses   2,396,499    3,951,664 
Fuel and utility expense   39,991    354,419 
Freight expenses   191,934    335,441 
Professional service expenses   451,050    633,648 
Expected credit losses   (8,365)   81,842 
Depreciation expenses   135,686    250,228 
Depreciation expenses-right-of-use assets   203,138    718,635 
Amortization expenses   16,122    17,655 
Other expenses   1,092,311    2,055,688 
Total expenses by nature  $16,451,547   $24,665,612