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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Accumulated deficit | $ 14,480,000 | $ 4,675,000
Cash, amount FDIC insured | $ 250,000 |
Moleculin LLC |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life | 2 years |
Computer Equipment |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life | 2 years |
Machinery and Equipment |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life | 5 years |
Furniture and Fixtures |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life | 7 years |
Warrant |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) | 677,576 | 107,802
Employee Stock Option |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) | 1,345,000 | 510,000
Convertible Debt |  |
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) |  | 1,821,013

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- Definition Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 260 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257 + Details
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