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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Accumulated deficit	$ 14,480,000	$ 4,675,000
Cash, amount FDIC insured	$ 250,000
Moleculin LLC
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life	2 years
Computer Equipment
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life	2 years
Machinery and Equipment
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life	5 years
Furniture and Fixtures
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property and equipment assets acquired, useful life	7 years
Warrant
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	677,576	107,802
Employee Stock Option
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	1,345,000	510,000
Convertible Debt
Description Of Business And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)		1,821,013

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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 210
-Section S99
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
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-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770

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