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Note 2 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements |
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block] | Note 2: Fair Value of Financial Instruments ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. It defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities that are not active; and model-driven valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable. Valuations may be obtained from, or corroborated by, third-party pricing services. Level 3: Unobservable inputs to measure fair value of assets and liabilities for which there is little, if any market activity at the measurement date, using reasonable inputs and assumptions based upon the best information at the time, to the extent that inputs are available without undue cost and effort. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it was practical to estimate that value: Class and Methods and/or Assumptions Cash and cash equivalents: Carrying value approximates fair value due to its readily convertible characteristic. Certificates of deposit: Carrying value adjusted to and presented at fair market value. The estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments are as follows:
|  |  |  |  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Financial Assets: |  | Level |  |  | Carrying Value |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Carrying Value |  |  | Fair Value |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 2 |  |  | $ | 7,546,689 |  |  | $ | 7,546,689 |  |  | $ | 7,148,207 |  |  | $ | 7,148,207 |
Certificates of deposit |  | 2 |  |  |  | 1,525,173 |  |  |  | 1,499,675 |  |  |  | 1,004,603 |  |  |  | 999,919 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,071,862 |  |  | $ | 9,046,364 |  |  | $ | 8,152,810 |  |  | $ | 8,148,126 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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