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Organization and Nature of Business
6 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Nature of Operations [Text Block]

Note 1 – Organization and Nature of Business

 

NanoViricides, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the State of Colorado on July 25, 2000 as Edot-com.com, Inc. and was organized for the purpose of conducting internet retail sales.  On April 1, 2005, Edot-com.com, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada for the purpose of re-domiciling the Company as a Nevada corporation.  On May 12, 2005, the corporations were merged and Edot-com.com, Inc., the Nevada corporation, became the surviving entity.

 

On June 1, 2005, Edot-com.com, Inc. (“ECMM”) acquired Nanoviricide, Inc., a privately owned Florida corporation (“NVI”), pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Share Exchange (the “Exchange”). Nanoviricide, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the State of Florida on May 12, 2005.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Exchange, ECMM acquired NVI in exchange for an aggregate of 80,000,000 newly issued shares of ECMM common stock resulting in an aggregate of 100,000,000 shares of ECMM common stock issued and outstanding.  NVI then became a wholly-owned subsidiary of ECMM. The ECMM shares were issued to the NVI shareholders on a pro rata basis, on the basis of 4,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of NVI common stock held by such NVI shareholder at the time of the Exchange.

 

As a result of the Exchange transaction, the former NVI stockholders held approximately 80% of the voting capital stock of the Company immediately after the Exchange.  For financial accounting purposes, this acquisition was a reverse acquisition of the Company by NVI, under the purchase method of accounting, and was treated as a recapitalization with NVI as the acquirer. Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared to give retroactive effect to May 12, 2005 (date of inception), of the reverse acquisition completed on June 1, 2005, and represent the operations of NVI.

 

On June 28, 2005, NVI was merged into its parent ECMM and the separate corporate existence of NVI ceased. Effective on the same date, Edot-com.com, Inc. changed its name to NanoViricides, Inc. and its stock symbol to “NNVC”, respectively.  The Company is considered a development stage company at this time.

 

NanoViricides,  Inc. (the “Company”), is a nano-biopharmaceutical company whose business goals are to discover, develop and commercialize therapeutics to advance the care of patients suffering from life-threatening viral infections. We are a development stage company with several drugs in various stages of early development. Our drugs are based on several patents, patent applications, provisional patent applications, and other proprietary intellectual property held by TheraCour Pharma, Inc. (“TheraCour”), to which we have the necessary exclusive licenses in perpetuity. The first agreement we executed with TheraCour Pharma on  September 1, 2005, gave us an exclusive, worldwide license for the treatment of the following human viral diseases: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Influenza and Asian Bird Flu Virus.

 

On February 15, 2010 the Company executed an Additional License Agreement with TheraCour Pharma, Inc. (“TheraCour”).  Pursuant to the Additional License Agreement, the Company was granted exclusive licenses, in perpetuity, for technologies, developed by TheraCour, for the development of drug candidates for the treatment of Dengue viruses, Ebola/Marburg viruses, Japanese Encephalitis, viruses causing viral Conjunctivitis (a disease of the eye) and Ocular Herpes.  As consideration for obtaining these exclusive licenses, we agreed to pay a onetime licensing fee equal to 7,000,000 shares of the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”).  The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible, only upon sale or merger of the company, or the sale of or license of substantially all of the Company’s intellectual property, into shares of the Company’s common stock at the rate of 3.5 shares of common stock for each share of Series A Preferred Stock.  The Series A Preferred Stock has a preferred voting preference at the rate of nine votes per share. The Preferred Series A do not contain any rights to dividends, have no liquidation preference, and are not to be amended without the holder’s approval. The 7,000,000 shares were valued at the par value of $7,000.

 

We focus our research and clinical programs on specific anti-viral therapeutics. We are seeking to add to our existing portfolio of products through our internal discovery and clinical development programs and through an in-licensing strategy. The Company has recently held a pre-IND Meeting with the US FDA for its clinical drug candidate NV-INF-1 in the FluCide™ program. The Company is developing this injectable drug (NV-INF-1) for hospitalized patients with severe influenza, including immuno-compromised patients. The Company believes that this drug may also be usable as a single-dose injection in a medical office for less severe cases of influenza. The Company has also developed an oral anti-influenza drug candidate, NV-INF-2, with a very high degree of effectiveness when taken by mouth. This may be the first ever nanomedicine that is orally active. Both of these anti-influenza therapeutic candidates are “broad-spectrum”, i.e. they are expected to be effective against most if not all types of influenzas including Bird Flu H5N1, Highly Pathogenic Influenzas (HPI/HPAI), Epidemic Influenzas such as the 2009 “swine flu” H1N1/A/2009, and Seasonal Influenzas including the recent H3N2 influenza. The Company has already demonstrated that they have significantly superior activity when compared to oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) against two unrelated influenza A subtypes, namely, H1N1 and H3N2 in a highly lethal animal model. Both of these drug candidates can be used as prophylactics to protect at-risk personnel such as health-care workers and immediate family members and caretakers of a patient.

 

The Company is also developing an anti-HIV drug. The drug candidates in this HIVCide(™) program were found to have effectiveness equal to that of a triple drug HAART cocktail therapy in the standard humanized SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse model. Moreover, the nanoviricides were long acting. Viral load suppression continued to hold for more than four weeks after stopping HIVCide treatment. The Company believes that the strong effect and sustained effect indicate that an HIVCide can be developed as a single agent that would provide “Functional Cure”from HIV/AIDS. The Company believes that substantially all HIV virus can be cleared upon HIVCide treatment, except the integrated viral genome in latent cells. This would enable discontinuation of treatment until HIV reemerges from the latent reservoir, which may be several months without any drugs. Moreover, the Company believes that the this therapy would also minimize the chances of HIV transmission. The Company is currently optimizing the anti-HIV drug candidates. These drug candidates are effective against both the R5 and X4 subtypes of HIV-1 in cell cultures. The Company believes that these drug candidates are “broad-spectrum”, i.e. they are expected to be effective against most strains and mutants of HIV, and therefore escape of mutants from our drugs is expected to be minimal.

 

The Company is also developing broad-spectrum eye drops that are expected to be effective against a majority of the viral infections of the external eye. Most of these viral infections are from adenoviruses or from herpesviruses. The Company has shown excellent efficacy of its drug candidates against EKC (adenoviral epidemic kerato-conjunctivitis) in an animal model. In addition, the anti-HSV drug candidates have shown excellent efficacy in cell culture studies. The Company is also developing a skin cream formulation for the treatment of herpes cold sores or genital warts. Further, the Company is also developing a broad-spectrum drug against Dengue viruses that is expected to be useful for the treatment of any of the four major serotypes of dengue viruses, including in severe cases of dengue (DSS) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DSS and DHF are thought to be caused by prior antibodies against dengue that a patient’s body creates to fight a second unrelated dengue infection, and the second virus uses these antibodies effectively to hitch a ride into human cells, thereby causing a more severe infection than in naive patients. In addition to these six drugs in development, the Company also ha research programs against Rabies virus, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and others. To date, the Company does not have any commercialized products.