<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001663577-22-000109.txt : 20220223
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ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001663577-22-000109
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		18
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20220203
ITEM INFORMATION:		Results of Operations and Financial Condition
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20220223
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20220222

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			iQSTEL Inc
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001527702
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
		IRS NUMBER:				452808620
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-55984
		FILM NUMBER:		22660107

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		300 ARAGON AVENUE, SUITE 375
		CITY:			CORAL GABLES
		STATE:			FL
		ZIP:			33134
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(954) 951-8191

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		300 ARAGON AVENUE, SUITE 375
		CITY:			CORAL GABLES
		STATE:			FL
		ZIP:			33134

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PURESNAX INTERNATIONAL, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20151124

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PURE SNAX INTERNATIONAL, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150813

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	B-MAVEN, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20110810
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549<br />
____________________</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.25in; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_90D_edei--DocumentType_c20220203__20220203_z5ebxdFqeAzb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934<br />
<br />
</b>Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): <span id="xdx_90F_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20220203__20220203_zq9yxj6TsD41"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">February 3, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

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<span style="font-size: 16pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20220203__20220203_zmE8zh6W3l4c"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">iQSTEL Inc.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span><br />
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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                                   <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>
                                   <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p></td>
    <td style="text-align: center">(Commission File Number)</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code: <span style="text-decoration: underline"><span id="xdx_900_edei--CityAreaCode_c20220203__20220203_z5DkPr7pTMng"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(954)</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span id="xdx_900_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20220203__20220203_z2qC8crw5c83"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">951-8191</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">________________________________________________</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Former name or former address, if changed since last
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously
satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
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    <td style="width: 4%; font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_907_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20220203__20220203_zaPeMqihulY5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">[ ]</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="width: 96%; font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17CFR 230.425)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20220203__20220203_zKucCuOGZxSc"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">[ ]</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20220203__20220203_zzsQMPJEZjT8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">[ ]</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20220203__20220203_zGTO6rEASDpg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">[ ]</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company
as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;&#160;<span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20220203__20220203_zrFVlTyJZPF7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-03to2022-02-03" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">[ ]</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant
to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; [ ]</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>SECTION 2 &#8211; <span style="text-transform: uppercase">Financial
Information</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 2.02</b></td><td><b>Results of Operations and Financial Condition.</b></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">We have issued a shareholder letters concerning our revenue results for
January 2021, our anticipated revenue results for 2022, our plans to list on Nasdaq, and other matters.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The shareholder letters are furnished with this Current Report on Form
8-K as Exhibits 99.1-99.4. The information furnished under this Item 2.02 and Item 9.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, including
Exhibits 99.1-99.4, shall not be deemed to be &#8220;filed&#8221; for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any registration
statement or other filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, regardless of any general incorporation by reference language
in such filing, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in any such filing.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>SECTION 9 &#8211; <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase">Financial
Statements and Exhibits</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 9.01</b></td><td><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits. </b></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Courier New, Courier, Monospace; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-indent: -1in">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 15%; font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Exhibit No.</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 85%; font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">99.1</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><a href="ex99_1.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder letter, dated February 3, 2022</span></a></td></tr>
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    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">99.2</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><a href="ex99_2.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder letter, dated February 10, 2022</span></a></td></tr>
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    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">99.3</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><a href="ex99_3.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder letter, dated February 15, 2022</span></a></td></tr>
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    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">99.4</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, Monospace"><a href="ex99_4.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder letter, dated February 17, 2022</span></a></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>iQSTEL Inc.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Courier New, Courier, Monospace; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="text-decoration: underline">/s/ Leandro Iglesias</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Leandro Iglesias<br />
Chief Executive Officer</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Date February 23, 2022</p>

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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ex99_1.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>IQST
&ndash; iQSTEL Announces 42% Revenue Growth In January Reaching $6.7 Million For The Month</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">New
York, NY, Feb. 03, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- iQSTEL, Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) has entered 2022 with its sights on growing from $64 million in
revenue, which the company anticipates formally reporting in its upcoming annual audited financial report for 2021, to a forecasted $90
million in 2022.&nbsp; The company is also pursuing an uplisting to Nasdaq within the first six months of 2022. In conjunction with the
company&rsquo;s growth and uplisting objectives, iQSTEL CEO Leandro Iglesias is publishing an ongoing series of updates narrating the
company&rsquo;s progress toward its growth and uplist objectives.&nbsp; The CEO&rsquo;s latest letter to shareholders is included in
its entirety below:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Dear
Shareholders:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
first month of 2022 is now behind us bringing iQSTEL one month closer to our target Nasdaq uplisting. We continue on track toward our
uplisting objective and this week I am pleased to feature our ongoing operational performance as an indicator of our preparedness for
a Nasdaq uplisting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">We
achieved an estimated $6.7 million in revenue in January, which is a 42% increase over the $4.8 million in revenue we realized in January
2021.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">In
January, iQSTEL also received &nbsp;The Smart Appliance Product of the Year Award from IoT Breakthrough&nbsp;for its IoTSmartTank device.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">January
also saw iQSTEL reach a notable milestone as it formally entered the electric vehicle (EV) market place with its&nbsp;first EVs rolling
off the production line.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">These
three substantial milestones in the first month of the year - double digit revenue growth, a technology award, and EV market entry -
are strong positive indicators of what lies ahead for iQSTEL in 2022 and, I believe, representative of iQSTEL&rsquo;s Nasdaq worthy caliber.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">In
my last letter, I reported that iQSTEL has been actively exploring an engagement with an investment bank to sponsor our uplisting to
Nasdaq and to assist in the execution of our merger and acquisition campaign. I am now happy to announce that the iQSTEL Independent
Board of Directors (BOD) has authorized management to engage with such an investment bank.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Here
at iQSTEL, the management team and BOD continue in our confidence that the prevailing market conditions are not an impediment to the
company&rsquo;s 2022 objectives.&nbsp; We feel our January operational performance demonstrates that the prevailing market conditions
are not standing in our way.&nbsp; We remain confident that the market will digest inflationary concerns and other post Covid economic
impacts and otherwise see and reflect the enormous market expansion opportunities we see so clearly.&nbsp; We likewise remain optimistic
in the potential of iQSTEL&rsquo;s share price to organically rise to the Nasdaq minimum listing requirement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Sincerely,<BR>
<I>Leandro Iglesias</I><BR>
CEO</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) (www.iQSTEL.com) is a US-based publicly-listed company holding an Independent Board of Directors and Independent Audit
Committee offering leading-edge services through its two business divisions and each of them with independent brands. The B2B division,
Brand IQSTelecom offering Telecommunications, Internet of Things, Technology and Blockchain platforms services, the target market for
the B2B division is Global Markets. The B2C division, Brand EVOSS offering EV Electric Motorcycles, Fintech Ecosystem, the target market
for this business division is Latin America, and the Spanish speakers in the USA. The company has presence in 15 countries, and its products
and services are used in several industries as Telecommunications, Electric Vehicle (EV), Financial Services, Chemical and Liquid Fuel
Distribution Industries. IQSTEL announced on February 17th 2021 that it became a Debt Free Company and is now completely debt free with
no Convertible Notes, Warrants, Promissory Notes or Settlement Agreements from its Balance Sheet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Safe
Harbor Statement:&nbsp;Statements in this news release may be &quot;forward-looking statements&quot;. Forward-looking statements include,
but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations, strategies, predictions or any other statements
relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates
and projections about our business based, in part, on assumptions made by management. These statements are not guarantees of future performance
and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Therefore, actual outcomes and results may, and are likely
to, differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to numerous factors. Any forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this news release and iQSTEL Inc. undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement
to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this news release. This press release does not constitute a public offer of any
securities for sale. Any securities offered privately will not be or have not been registered under the Act and may not be offered or
sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>iQSTEL
Inc.</B><BR>
IR US Phone: 646-740-0907, IR Email:&nbsp;investors@iqstel.com<BR>
Source: iQSTEL Inc. and its subsidiaries:&nbsp;www.iqstel.com&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/18pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><IMG SRC="image_001.gif" ALT="https:||www.globenewswire.com|newsroom|ti?nf=ODQ2ODg1MiM0NzA5NDk2IzUwMDA4MDg5NQ==" STYLE="height: 1px; width: 1px"></FONT></P>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.2
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>ex99_2.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>IQST
&ndash; iQSTEL Confirms $90 Million 2022 Revenue Forecast And Nasdaq Uplisting Initiative</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">New
York, NY, Feb. 10, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- iQSTEL, Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) continues into the second month of 2022 on track toward its $90
million annual revenue target and Nasdaq uplisting in spite of the prevailing inflationary news and market volatility. In conjunction
with the company&rsquo;s growth and uplisting objectives, iQSTEL CEO Leandro Iglesias continues in his regular publication of periodic
updates narrating the company&rsquo;s progress. The CEO&rsquo;s latest letter to shareholders is included in its entirety below:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Dear
Shareholders:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">My
update today is brief.&nbsp; The primary purpose of my update is to reassure shareholders that iQSTEL remains well on track toward our
2022 forecasted $90 million revenue target as well as remaining on track to uplist to Nasdaq in the first six months of this year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">News
about inflation and market volatility is flooding the media channels. In spite of the market news, iQSTEL has not altered any of its
2022 plans and no hurdle has arisen altering our path.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">While
iQSTEL&rsquo;s share price is not immune from the prevailing market volatility, we remain confident market conditions will improve and
likewise optimistic in the potential of iQSTEL&rsquo;s share price to organically rise to the Nasdaq minimum listing requirement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Sincerely,<BR>
<BR></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Leandro
Iglesias<BR>
CEO</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) (www.iQSTEL.com) is a US-based publicly-listed company holding an Independent Board of Directors and Independent Audit
Committee offering leading-edge services through its two business divisions and each of them with independent brands. The B2B division,
Brand IQSTelecom offering Telecommunications, Internet of Things, Technology and Blockchain platforms services, the target market for
the B2B division is Global</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Markets.
The B2C division, Brand EVOSS offering EV Electric Motorcycles, Fintech Ecosystem, the target market for this business division is Latin
America, and the Spanish speakers in the USA. The company has presence in 15 countries, and its products and services are used in several
industries as Telecommunications, Electric Vehicle (EV), Financial Services, Chemical and Liquid Fuel Distribution Industries. IQSTEL
announced on February 17th 2021 that it became a Debt Free Company and is now completely debt free with no Convertible Notes, Warrants,
Promissory Notes or Settlement Agreements from its Balance Sheet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Safe
Harbor Statement:&nbsp;Statements in this news release may be &quot;forward-looking statements&quot;. Forward-looking statements include,
but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations, strategies, predictions or any other statements
relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates
and projections about our business based, in part, on assumptions made by management. These statements are not guarantees of future performance
and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may, and are likely
to, differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to numerous factors. Any forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this news release and iQSTEL Inc. undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement
to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this news release. This press release does not constitute a public offer of any
securities for sale.Any securities offered privately will not be or have not been registered under the Act and may not be offered or
sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>iQSTEL
Inc.</B><BR>
IR US Phone: 646-740-0907, IR Email:&nbsp;investors@iqstel.com<BR>
Source: iQSTEL Inc. and its subsidiaries:&nbsp;www.iqstel.com&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/18pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><IMG SRC="image_002.gif" ALT="https:||www.globenewswire.com|newsroom|ti?nf=ODQ2ODg1MiM0NzA5NDk2IzUwMDA4MDg5NQ==" STYLE="height: 1px; width: 1px"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 8pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TYPE>EX-99.3
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>ex99_3.htm
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<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>IQST
&ndash; iQSTEL Technology Portfolio Builds On $1.2 Trillion Market</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">New
York, NY, Feb. 15, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- iQSTEL, Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) has built and rapidly expanded a business by being a leader in
providing technology enabled services to the global migrant market with an estimated population of over 280 million.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
expects to report $64 million in revenue for 2021 generated primarily from providing telecommunication services for the global migrant
market.&nbsp; The company has forecasted $90 million in annual revenue for 2022 as it expands its services beyond telecommunications
to include financial services and electric vehicle transportation among other vital services in short supply to the global migrant market.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
is in the process of uplisting to Nasdaq.&nbsp; The company has achieved the required shareholder equity necessary to list on Nasdaq
in addition to securing a strategic investment to fund the company&rsquo;s growth objectives over the next three years.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">In
reaction to the company&rsquo;s upcoming audited financial report and continued progress toward its intended Nasdaq uplisting, management
is optimistic the iQSTEL price-per-share will organically increase to reach the Nasdaq minimum listing price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; color: Black">In
conjunction with the company&rsquo;s growth and uplisting objectives, iQSTEL CEO Leandro Iglesias publishes regular updates narrating
the company&rsquo;s progress.&nbsp; He plans to release his next update in a letter to shareholders this Thursday, February 17</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt; color: Black"><SUP>th</SUP></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; color: Black">.&nbsp;
In the next update he intends to feature iQSTEL&rsquo;s business expansion potential by highlighting the market potential for iQSTEL&rsquo;s
technology enable services.&nbsp; Migrant remittances, a market iQSTEL includes in its technology enable service expansion, is currently
estimated at over&nbsp;$700 billion annually and expected to exceed $1.2 trillion annually by 2030.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) (www.iQSTEL.com) is a US-based publicly-listed company holding an Independent Board of Directors and Independent Audit
Committee offering leading-edge services through its two business divisions and each of them with independent brands. The B2B division,
Brand IQSTelecom offering Telecommunications, Internet of Things, Technology and Blockchain platforms services, the target market for
the B2B division is Global Markets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
B2C division, Brand EVOSS offering EV Electric Motorcycles, Fintech Ecosystem, the target market for this business division is Latin
America, and the Spanish speakers in the USA. The company has presence in 15 countries, and its products and services are used in several
industries as Telecommunications, Electric Vehicle (EV), Financial Services, Chemical and Liquid Fuel Distribution Industries. IQSTEL
announced on February 17th 2021 that it became a Debt Free Company and is now completely debt free with no Convertible Notes, Warrants,
Promissory Notes or Settlement Agreements from its Balance Sheet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Safe
Harbor Statement:&nbsp;Statements in this news release may be &quot;forward-looking statements&quot;. Forward-looking statements include,
but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations, strategies, predictions or any other statements
relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates
and projections about our business based, in part, on assumptions made by management. These statements are not guarantees of future performance
and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may, and are likely
to, differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to numerous factors. Any forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this news release and iQSTEL Inc. undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement
to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this news release. This press release does not constitute a public offer of any
securities for sale. Any securities offered privately will not be or have not been registered under the Act and may not be offered or
sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>iQSTEL
Inc.</B><BR>
IR US Phone: 646-740-0907, IR Email:&nbsp;investors@iqstel.com<BR>
Source: iQSTEL Inc. and its subsidiaries:&nbsp;www.iqstel.com&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 8pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>IQST
&ndash; iQSTEL Expansion Potential In Light Of Michael Burry Electric Motorcycle Investment And $1.2 Trillion Market Entry</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">New
York, NY, Feb. 17, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- iQSTEL, Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) today released a letter to shareholders from CEO Leandro Iglesias.&nbsp;
The letter is one in a series of regular updates from the CEO as the company progresses toward its Nasdaq uplisting objective.&nbsp;
The letter is included in its entirety below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Dear
Shareholders:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">While
overall market performance continues to reflect a degree of uncertainty in reaction to the evolving pandemic, Ukraine tensions, and anticipated
interest rate hikes, iQSTEL&rsquo;s improving future is otherwise becoming more predictable as we continue our advance toward a Nasdaq
uplisting.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">I
believe our upcoming audited financial report for 2021 will further confirm our prospects.&nbsp; Accordingly, I am confident that confirmation
will be reflected in the iQSTEL share price.&nbsp; As I have said before, I remain optimistic, the iQSTEL share price has the potential
to increase organically to meet the Nasdaq minimum listing price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">While
we have already published that we expect to report $64 million in revenue in our audited financial report for 2021, and that our shareholder
equity in the 2021 report will meet the Nasdaq minimum listing requirement, I don&rsquo;t believe those figures are yet reflected in
the company&rsquo;s share price.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">I
believe the upcoming publication of our 2021 audited financial report will confirm our revenue growth and shareholder equity to the market
at large beyond our current shareholder following and trigger the opportunity for our share price to align with our fundamentals and
prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">We
have also reported an estimated $6.7 million in revenue for January of 2022.&nbsp; This is a 42% increase over the $4.8 million in revenue
we realized in January 2021.&nbsp; We anticipate similar performance this month and in March.&nbsp;&nbsp; When we publish our Q1 results,
I believe the credibility of our 2022 $90 million forecast will also be confirmed with the market at large beyond our current shareholder
following further enhancing the opportunity for our share price to align with our fundamentals and prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">I
believe the attention we garner from our fundamental performance will bring greater attention to our overall growth strategy to build
on our current telecommunication services business by introducing new and higher margin technology enable offerings to our existing market.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">For
instance, iQSTEL has introduced a new and growing line of financial services to the migrant client base it currently serves with telecommunication
services.&nbsp; Migrant remittances are currently estimated at over&nbsp;$700 billion annually and expected to exceed $1.2 trillion annually
by 2030.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
has developed an electric vehicle (EV) division and developed its first product with its current client base in mind.&nbsp; iQSTEL has
produced and shipped EV motorcycles at a manageable price point for its target market.&nbsp; To balance quality and price, iQSTEL brought
their EV design to China and partnered with a local manufacturer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Harley
Davidson recently separated its electric motorcycle division merging it into a SPAC with a Taiwanese motorcycle manufacturer.&nbsp; Prior
to the SPAC deal, Harley Davidson had not brought an electric motorcycle to market at a price point that could establish market traction.&nbsp;
Now with the Taiwanese manufacturing component, the electric motorcycle SPAC has attracted investment from&nbsp;&ldquo;The Big Short&rdquo;
Investor Michael Burry.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">I
believe Harley Davidson&rsquo;s SPAC move and Michael Burry&rsquo;s investment reflects well on iQSTEL&rsquo;s EV strategy.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL&rsquo;s
exceptional fundamental financial performance soon to be confirmed in the 2021 audited financial report followed by our Q1 2022 report,
I believe, will bring attention to our expanding financial services and EV division, and our overall collective growth potential.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">I
am optimistic the overall market will digest the current uncertainties and that in turn, the overall market performance will again reflect
the unbridled global economic growth prospects that we here at iQSTEL have never lost sight of.&nbsp; I am even more optimistic that
iQSTEL&rsquo;s leadership potential in pursuit of that unbridled global economic growth opportunity will be recognized by the market
at large in light of our historical performance and the soundness of our expansion plans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Sincerely,<BR>
<BR></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><I>Leandro
Iglesias</I><BR>
CEO</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">iQSTEL
Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) (www.iQSTEL.com) is a US-based publicly-listed company holding an Independent Board of Directors and Independent Audit
Committee offering leading-edge services through its two business divisions and each of them with independent brands. The B2B division,
Brand IQSTelecom offering Telecommunications, Internet of Things, Technology and Blockchain platforms services, the target market for
the B2B division is Global Markets. The B2C division, Brand EVOSS offering EV Electric Motorcycles, Fintech Ecosystem, the target market
for this business division is Latin America, and the Spanish speakers in the USA. The company has presence in 15 countries, and its products
and services are used in several industries as Telecommunications, Electric Vehicle (EV), Financial Services, Chemical and Liquid Fuel
Distribution Industries. IQSTEL announced on February 17th 2021 that it became a Debt Free Company and is now completely debt free with
no Convertible Notes, Warrants, Promissory Notes or Settlement Agreements from its Balance Sheet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Safe
Harbor Statement:&nbsp;Statements in this news release may be &quot;forward-looking statements&quot;. Forward-looking statements include,
but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations, strategies, predictions or any other statements
relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates
and projections about our business based, in part, on assumptions made by management. These statements are not guarantees of future performance
and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may, and are likely
to, differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to numerous factors. Any forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this news release and iQSTEL Inc. undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement
to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this news release. This press release does not constitute a public offer of any
securities for sale. Any securities offered privately will not be or have not been registered under the Act and may not be offered or
sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; color: #444444"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>iQSTEL
Inc.</B><BR>
IR US Phone: 646-740-0907, IR Email:&nbsp;investors@iqstel.com<BR>
Source: iQSTEL Inc. and its subsidiaries:&nbsp;www.iqstel.com&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 8pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140186740480616">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 03, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb.  03,  2022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">000-55984<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">iQSTEL Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001527702<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">45-2808620<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">300 Aragon Avenue<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Coral Gables<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">FL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">33134<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(954)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">951-8191<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
