<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001663577-23-000063.txt : 20230206
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ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001663577-23-000063
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230131
ITEM INFORMATION:		Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230206
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230206

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			iQSTEL Inc
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001527702
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
		IRS NUMBER:				452808620
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-55984
		FILM NUMBER:		23589932

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		300 ARAGON AVENUE, SUITE 375
		CITY:			CORAL GABLES
		STATE:			FL
		ZIP:			33134
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(954) 951-8191

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		300 ARAGON AVENUE, SUITE 375
		CITY:			CORAL GABLES
		STATE:			FL
		ZIP:			33134

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PURESNAX INTERNATIONAL, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20151124

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PURE SNAX INTERNATIONAL, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150813

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	B-MAVEN, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20110810
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549<br />
____________________</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.25in; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 12pt"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_903_edei--DocumentType_c20230131__20230131_zCjLxUrYJGlh"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-31to2023-01-31" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934<br />
<br />
</b>Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): <span id="xdx_908_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20230131__20230131_zP5DyPZ16Wt2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-31to2023-01-31" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">January 31, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously
satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company
as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;&#160;<span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20230131__20230131_zSMmOvUgwBs7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-31to2023-01-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">[ ]</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant
to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; [ ]</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>SECTION 5 &#8211; Corporate Governance and Management </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Item 5.07&#160;Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On January 31, 2023, we held our 2022 Annual Meeting
of the shareholders, at which the shareholders voted on the matters disclosed in our definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule&#160;14A filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 29, 2022. The final voting results for the matters submitted to a vote of the
shareholders were as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>Proposal No.&#160;1 - Election of Directors</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Our shareholders elected the persons listed below
for a one-year term expiring at our 2023 Annual Meeting or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified:&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Proposal No.&#160;2 &#8211; Ratification of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Our shareholders ratified the appointment of Urish Popeck &amp; Co., LLC
as the Company&#8217;s independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal 2022.</p>

<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">We have received votes amounting to over 51% of the shareholders and sufficient
to pass both proposals.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>SECTION 8 - Other Events</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Item 8.01 Other Events</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="text-transform: uppercase"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">On February 1, 2023, we issued a press release concerning the 2022 Annual
Meeting. A copy of the press release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The information in Item 8.01 of this Current Report
on Form 8-K (including Exhibit 99.1) shall not be deemed &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;) or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated
by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in
such a filing.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="text-transform: uppercase"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>SECTION 9 Financial Statements and Exhibits</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-indent: -1in"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>iQSTEL Inc.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Courier New, Courier, Monospace; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="text-decoration: underline">/s/ Leandro Iglesias</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Leandro Iglesias<br />
Chief Executive Officer</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Date February 6, 2023</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<P STYLE="font: 11pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white; color: #444444"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white; color: #444444"></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt"><B>IQST &ndash; iQSTEL Announces
Board Election and CPA Ratification Following Annual Shareholder Meeting</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white; color: #444444"></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">New York, NY --News Direct-- iQSTEL Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">McapMediaWire -- iQSTEL, Inc. (OTC: IQST) today released a transcript and a
recorded link of the annual shareholder meeting conducted yesterday, January 31, 2023. The meeting included the election of the company&rsquo;s
board of directors and the ratification of the company&rsquo;s independent registered public accounting firm to audit iQSTEL&rsquo;s
2022 financial performance. The meeting also included a management discussion and analysis of the company&rsquo;s business operations
and strategy as well as response to shareholder questions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The transcript can be viewed in its entirety below. To listen to a recording
of the shareholder annual meeting follow this link: iQSTEL Annual Shareholder Meeting Recording</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">2022 Annual Shareholder Meeting Transcript From Tuesday, January 31st, 2023:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">PRESENTER</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Good day, everyone, and welcome to the first iQSTEL&rsquo;s Shareholder Meeting
Conference Call. Participants are in a listen-only mode. This conference call is being recorded. A replay of today&rsquo;s call will
be available on the Investor Relations section of iQSTEL&rsquo;s website and will remain posted there for the next 30 days.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Before we begin, I would like to remind you that today&rsquo;s call contains
certain forward-looking statements from our management made within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Words such as &ldquo;may&rdquo;, &ldquo;should&rdquo;, &ldquo;projects,&rdquo;
&ldquo;expects&rdquo;, &ldquo;intends&rdquo;, &ldquo;plans&rdquo;, &ldquo;believes&rdquo;, &ldquo;anticipates&rdquo;, &ldquo;hopes&rdquo;,
&ldquo;estimates&rdquo; and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These
statements are subject to numerous conditions, many of which are beyond the control of the Company, including those set forth in the
Risk Factors section of the Company's annual report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC. Copies of these documents are available on the
SEC's website at www.sec.gov. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
The Company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this call, except as required
by law.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Thank you for joining the annual shareholder meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">I will now hand the call over to Mr. Iglesias for introductions and to start
with the meeting. Please go ahead.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">CEO - Introduction</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Hello and welcome to our first iQSTEL shareholder&acute;s meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Today, is January 31st, 2023.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">My name is Leandro Iglesias, and I am the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
of iQSTEL.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">I am joined today by</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Alvaro Quintana our Chief Financial Officer and member of our Independent Board
of Directors</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Raul Perez member of our Independent Board of Directors, and the Head of the
Audit Committee.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Jose Antonio Barreto member of our Independent Board of Directors, and the
Head of the Code of Ethics Office.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Italo Segnini member of our Independent Board of Directors, and the Head of
the Executive Compensation Committee</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Tony Abdo our CEO of our Internet of Things Business Line and our Fintech Division,
and Business Development Vice President</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">And our Presenter is Brad Listermann our Investor Relations Vice President
and Head of our Ambassadors Group.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">This event today is a substantial milestone for iQSTEL. It is our first livestream
shareholder&acute;s meeting and in and of itself a major step forward in the advance of our management practices and procedures taking
us one step closer toward our Nasdaq up-listing goal.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">In advance of the meeting today, we have published a number of press releases
with a review of our 2022 performance and achievements, and our 2023 objectives. We have also included details on the agenda for today.
We also emailed all shareholders of record with an agenda for today&rsquo;s meeting and provided a link to facilitate voting prior to
today&rsquo;s meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">I am very proud of everyone working here at iQSTEL and I am equally grateful
for all the shareholder feedback and support that we have received over the last year that has led us to achieving or surpassing every
goal and objective we set. I want to recognize and thank everyone working at iQSTEL, and our subsidiaries in addition to recognizing
and thanking all our shareholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Since we have put out three press releases in the last ten days reviewing our
2022 performance, I will recall just few things about iQSTEL&rsquo;s achievements this past year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">iQSTEL is expanding a core telecommunications operation both organically and
through merger and acquisitions. We are focused on the international services market, and building a foundation in the domestic services
market too, while continuing to prioritize the growing global migrant population.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">At this point is important to remark that the acquisitions of Whisl and Smartbiz
injected business competitive energy as did SwissLink, QGlobal and itsBchain in the past, and specifically our partners in each of our
subsidiaries have enriched our commercial, technical and negotiation skills in a determinant way. Thanks to all our partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Our Flagship, the telecommunication division is only the beginning of our strategy
to expand. We expect exponential growth to come from our diversification strategy.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We are leveraging our telecommunication foundation to enter new markets with
less competition and higher margins. 2022 was an important year for our diversification strategy. We have established notable and, in
some instances, even award-winning traction from our efforts to enter the smart Internet of Things market, the Fintech market, the Blockchain
platforms market as well as the huge electric vehicles market too.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">After beating our $90 million revenue forecast for 2022 and reaching profitability
a full quarter ahead of expectations, I hope you can see that our $105 million 2023 revenue forecast is a base upon which we can build.
You will likely see an increase to our base forecast in the event we close on another acquisition that results from our ongoing acquisition
campaign.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">At the same time, we are going to generate revenues from all our new business
lines: Internet of Things, Fintech, BlockChain Platforms and Electric Vehicles.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Talking about Net Income, our Telecommunication Division generates enough profit
to support all our new business lines, and the Pubco expenses. In this way we plan to show more than $1 Million of Net Income at the
end of this year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We expect to achieve profitability this year from three of our expansion operations,
Internet of Things, Fintech and Electric Vehicles business lines.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We decided to be very conservative in our objectives for this 2023, but it&acute;s
easy to see we have several initiatives in the works. If we achieve just one of them, we will be surpassing our objectives and increasing
the size of the company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">In summary, we are working diligently to optimize our existing business and
at the same time working on our future business by identifying the most promising technology trends to adopt which can best evolve our
services to maintain a leadership position serving the growing immigrant market.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We completed a revamp of our IQSTEL web site (www.iqstel.com), with a new section
for our investors (www.iqstel.com/investors), I invite to visit it and share your thoughts.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">So, I will now hand the call over to Mr. Alvaro Quintana our CFO to start with
the votes addressed in the iQSTEL definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">CFO &ndash; Proxy Vote</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The first matter up for a vote is the election of the iQSTEL board members.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Our bylaws provide that our business shall be managed by or under the direction
of a board of directors. The Board currently consists of five directors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">There are five nominees for election to the Board at the annual meeting. Each
of the five nominees, if elected, will hold office for a term that expires at the next annual stockholders&rsquo; meeting. Each director
shall hold office for the term for which he or she was elected and until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or
her earlier death, resignation, or removal.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The Board has nominated each of the following individuals for election as a
director at today&rsquo;s annual meeting: Leandro Iglesias, myself Alvaro Quintana Cardona, Italo Segnini, Raul Perez and Jose Antonio
Barreto. Each nomination for director was based upon the recommendation of our board of directors and each nominee for director is a
current member of the board. All nominees have consented to be named and have indicated their intent to serve if elected. In the event
any of the nominees shall be unable or unwilling to serve as a director, the persons named in the proxy intend to vote &ldquo;FOR&rdquo;
the election of any person as may be nominated by the board in substitution. The Company has no reason to believe that any of the nominees
will be unable to serve as a director if elected.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC set forth detailed information
about each candidate, to include compensation and stock ownership, as well as roles and responsibilities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">In advance of today&rsquo;s meeting, the company has received votes amounting
to over 51% of the shareholders and sufficient to elect the board members as nominated. In fact, the nominated board members were elected
with more than 80% of the shares being voted in their favor.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Once again, I want to issue my thanks to the iQSTEL shareholders for your participation
and support.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The second matter for vote is the ratification of iQSTEL&rsquo;s independent
registered public accounting firm for the 2022 fiscal year, Urish Popeck &amp; Co., LLC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">In advance of today&rsquo;s meeting, the company has received votes amounting
to over 51% of the shareholders and sufficient to ratify Urish Popeck &amp; Co., LLC as iQSTEL&rsquo;s independent registered public
accounting firm for the 2022 fiscal year. Again, more than 80% of the shares were voted in favor of ratifying Urish Popeck &amp; Co.,
LLC as independent registered public accounting firm.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Thanks again to the iQSTEL shareholders for your participation and support.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">PRESENTER &ndash; Questions received</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The definitive proxy statement sent out in advance of today&rsquo;s meeting
also invited shareholders to introduce any other business matter for discussion and consideration at the annual shareholder meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">If any matter not described in the proxy statement is properly presented for
a vote at the meeting, the persons receiving proxy cards can vote in accordance with their best judgment and discretion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We did not receive any other matters for a proposed vote at the annual shareholder
meeting in response to the emailed proxy cards. However, we did receive some questions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Based on the fact that the company just issued a Shareholder&acute;s Letter
indicating all the Company Objectives for 2023, I would like to know if the Company plans to work in other business area in addition
with Telecommunications &amp; Internet of Things, Fintech, Blockchain Platforms, and Electric Vehicles?, This question will be addressed
by our CEO Leandro Iglesias</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">CEO &ndash; Answer Question 1</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The company endeavors to maintain consistency in its business plan and avoid
opportunity of chance distractions. Since iQSTEL&rsquo;s inception we have focused on large technology arenas, specifically Telecommunications,
Internet of Things, Fintech, BlockChain Platforms and Electric Vehicles.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We don&rsquo;t plan to enter in any new business line at this moment. We will
focus our efforts on advancing our existing lines of business with our progress measured in terms of expanding revenues and delivering
profits by the end of this year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">This 2023 will be a successful year, growing revenues, generating positive
net income, reaching thousands of users for our Fintech platform, deploying in several industrial facilities our proprietary internet
of things solutions, completing the manufacture of the Second and Third batch of our electric motorcycles for the US and EU, and introducing
our Mid Speed Car to the market.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We consider our management&rsquo;s consistent focus on our business plan to
be one of our key characteristics and instrumental to our ongoing success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">PRESENTER &ndash; Questions received</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Thanks Mr. Iglesias for your answer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Next question received is:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">You have been talking about Nasdaq Up-Listing for more than a year, what is
the current status and when will finally happen?</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Our CFO &ndash; Alvaro Quintana will address this question.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">CFO&ndash; Answer Question 2</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We have been working on the Nasdaq Up-listing for more than 2 years. The up-listing
is an important milestone in the overall path to our objective of achieving a market capitalization for IQSTEL in excess of $1 Billion.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Since the beginning of 2021 we have been ticking off one corporate governance
requirement after another in order to qualify for a Nasdaq up listing. This shareholder meeting today marks yet another corporate governance
milestone moving us that much closer to being prepared for an up-listing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The critical path to an up listing is iQSTEL&rsquo;s share price. iQSTEL must
sustain a minimum bid of at least $2.00 to qualify for a Nasdaq listing.</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Our management team and our independent board of directors believe iQSTEL has
the potential to organically achieve a minimum share price to support an up-listing. In other words, we believe iQSTEL&rsquo;s share
price, global economy and market conditions permitting, can increase to over $2.00 without necessitating any recapitulation of the company&rsquo;s
share structure.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We don&rsquo;t believe it is the company&rsquo;s operational performance that
is holding us back from reaching a minimum listing price. We believe the overall prevailing market uncertainty accounts more for the
current iQSTEL share price than does iQSTEL&rsquo;s operational performance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We anticipate that either the overall market will turn positive and lift the
burden of market uncertainty that is currently holding back iQSTEL&rsquo;s share price, or iQSTEL will finally be recognized as the undervalued
asset that it is, and the share price will perform in line with the company&rsquo;s operational performance and counter to prevailing
market trends.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">The final key to our Nasdaq up-listing is our share price and the key to our
share price is patience. The company is performing better than ever and sooner or later the share price will respond accordingly.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">PRESENTER &ndash; Final Words</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">While iQSTEL is meeting or surpassing its forecasts, goals and objectives,
and we expect to continue meeting or surpassing forecasts, goals and objectives, the global economy as a whole is not enjoying iQSTEL&rsquo;s
success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">It is the opinion of management and the board that general economic trends
are casting a shadow on iQSTEL&rsquo;s otherwise stellar performance. That shadow is causing an unfavorable disconnect between the company&rsquo;s
operation performance and share price performance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">In light of what management and the board believes to be an unfavorable disconnect,
and given that we anticipate economic difficulties and challenges to continue for the foreseeable future, we especially encourage shareholder
participation and welcome from shareholders any suggestions for consideration that might contribute to iQSTEL reconnecting operational
performance and share price performance ahead of a global upward economic shift.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Please email us at any time with your comments, suggestions and even your criticisms
at investors@iqstel.com.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">I would like to thank all in attendance here for making the time available
to participate in iQSTEL&rsquo;s first livestream annual shareholder meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Management and the Board of Directors are committed to continuing to deliver
on the performance expectations we have set through our past and present successes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">We continue in our belief that the &ldquo;best is yet to come,&rdquo; and we
are committed to the effort required of us to realize that belief.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Thank you</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">About iQSTEL Inc.:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">iQSTEL Inc. (OTCQX: IQST) (www.iQSTEL.com) is a US-based publicly listed company
holding an Independent Board of Directors and Audit Committee with a presence in 19 countries and 70 employees offering leading-edge
services through its four business lines. The Telecom Division (www.iqstelecom.com), which represents the majority of current operations,
offers VoIP, SMS, proprietary Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, and international fiber-optic connectivity through its subsidiaries:
Etelix, SwissLink, Smartbiz, Whisl, IoT Labs, and QGlobal SMS. The Fintech business line (www.globalmoneyone.com) (www.maxmo.vip) offers
a complete Fintech ecosystem MasterCard Debit Card, US Bank Account (No SSN Needed), Mobile App/Wallet (Remittances, Mobile Top Up).
Our Fintech subsidiary, Global Money One, is to provide immigrants access to reliable financial services that make it easier to manage
their money and stay connected with their families back home. The BlockChain Platform Business Line (www.itsbchain.com) offers our proprietary
Mobile Number Portability Application (MNPA) to serve the in-country portability needs through its subsidiary, itsBchain. The Electric
Vehicle (EV) Business Line (www.evoss.net) offers electric motorcycles to work and have fun in the USA, Spain, Portugal, Panama, Colombia,
and Venezuela. EVOSS is also working on the development of an EV Mid Speed Car to serve the niche of the 2nd car in the family.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Safe Harbor Statement: Statements in this news release may be "forward-looking
statements". Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations,
strategies, predictions, or any other information relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements
are based on current expectations, estimates, and projections about our business based partly on assumptions made by management. These
statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict.
Therefore, actual outcomes and results may and are likely to differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in forward-looking
statements due to numerous factors. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this news release, and iQSTEL Inc. undertakes
no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this news release. This press
release does not constitute a public offer of any securities for sale. Any securities offered privately will not be or have not been
registered under the Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration
requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">iQSTEL Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">IR US Phone: 646-740-0907</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">IR Email: investors@iqstel.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Contact Details Leandro Iglesias</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">+1 646-740-0907</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">investors@iqstel.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">Company Website https://www.iqstel.com/</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11pt">View source version on newsdirect.com: https://newsdirect.com/news/iqst-iqstel-announces-board-election-and-cpa-ratification-following-annual-shareholder-meeting-182034313</FONT></P>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>iqst-20230131_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
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<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140491204290176">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jan. 31,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">000-55984<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">iQSTEL Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001527702<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">45-2808620<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">300 Aragon Avenue<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Coral Gables<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">FL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">33134<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(954)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">951-8191<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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$      $!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
