10-Q 1 clbs-10qx20170331.htm 10-Q 03.31.17
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED March 31, 2017
OR

o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from __________________ to _________________________
Commission File Number 001-33650
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE | 22-2343568
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
106 ALLEN ROAD, FOURTH FLOOR, BASKING RIDGE, NJ | 07920
(Address of principal executive offices) | (zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 908-842-0100
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company x
| Emerging growth o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by a check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x
8,940,857 Shares, $0.001 Par Value, as of May 10, 2017
(Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date)

Index
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Unless stated otherwise, the information contained in these consolidated financial statements gives retroactive effect to a one-for-ten reverse stock split of Caladrius Biosciences, Inc.'s (the "Company’s") common stock effected on July 28, 2016. See Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements for further information.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This quarterly report (this "Quarterly Report") contains “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as well as historical information. When used in this Quarterly Report, statements that are not statements of current or historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “plan,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “continue” or similar expressions or other variations or comparable terminology are intended to identify such forward-looking statements, although some forward-looking statements are expressed differently. We remind readers that forward-looking statements are merely predictions and therefore inherently subject to uncertainties and other factors and involve known and unknown risks that could cause the actual results, performance, levels of activity or our achievements or industry results, to be materially different from any future results, performance, levels of activity or our achievements or industry results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from anticipated results expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others:

• | potential adverse reactions or changes to business relationships resulting from the announcement or completion of the proposed sale pursuant to which Hitachi Chemical Co. America, Ltd. agreed to acquire the 80.1% membership interest in PCT, LLC, a Caladrius Company that it does not already own from us for $75.0 million in cash, subject to adjustment (as described more fully below, the “Sale”);

• | unexpected costs, charges or expenses relating to or resulting from the Sale;

• | litigation or adverse judgments relating to the Sale;

• | risks relating to the completion of the proposed Sale, including the risk that the required stockholder vote might not be obtained in a timely manner or at all, or other conditions to the completion of the Sale not being satisfied;

• | any difficulties associated with requests or directions from governmental authorities resulting from their review of the Sale, including the expiration of the HSR Act waiting period;

• | our ability to obtain sufficient capital or strategic business arrangements to fund our operations and expansion plans, including meeting our financial obligations under various licensing and other strategic arrangements, the funding of our clinical trials for product candidates, and the commercialization of the relevant technology;

• | our ability to build and maintain the management and human resources infrastructure necessary to support the growth of our business;

• | whether a market is established for our cell-based products and services and our ability to capture a meaningful share of this market;

• | scientific and medical developments beyond our control;

• | our ability to obtain and maintain, as applicable, appropriate governmental licenses, accreditations or certifications or comply with healthcare laws and regulations or any other adverse effect or limitations caused by government regulation of our business;

• | whether any of our current or future patent applications result in issued patents, the scope of those patents and our ability to obtain and maintain other rights to technology required or desirable for the conduct of our business; and our ability to commercialize products without infringing the claims of third party patents;

• | whether any potential strategic or financial benefits of various licensing agreements will be realized;

• | the results of our development activities;

• | our ability to complete our other planned clinical trials (or initiate other trials) in accordance with our estimated timelines due to delays associated with enrolling patients due to the novelty of the treatment, the size of the patient population and the need of patients to meet the inclusion criteria of the trial or otherwise;

• | our ability to satisfy our obligations under our loan agreement; and

• | other factors discussed in "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on March 16, 2017 (our "2016 Form 10-K").

The factors discussed herein, including those risks described in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" and elsewhere in our 2016 Form 10-K and in our other periodic filings with the SEC, which are available for review at www.sec.gov, could cause actual results and developments to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such statements. All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by these and other factors. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they were made. Except as required by law, we
2

Index
undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
3

Index
TABLE OF CONTENTS

| PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Page No.
Item 1. | Financial Statements: | 5
| Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2017 (unaudited) and December 31, 2016 | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 7
| Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 8
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 9
| Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements | 10
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 27
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 33
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 33
| PART II- OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 34
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 34
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 34
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 34
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 34
Item 5. | Other Information | 34
Item 6. | Exhibits | 35
| Signatures | 36

4

Index
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM I. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
ASSETS | (Unaudited) |  |
Current Assets |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 11,997,606 |  |  | $ | 14,705,008 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $0 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | 3,168,756 |  |  | 2,891,723 |
Deferred costs | 3,538,641 |  |  | 3,582,298 |
Prepaid and other current assets | 3,228,845 |  |  | 3,469,932 |
Total current assets | 21,933,848 |  |  | 24,648,961 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 16,760,376 |  |  | 17,149,241 |
Goodwill | 7,013,315 |  |  | 7,013,315 |
Intangible assets, net | 2,165,380 |  |  | 2,307,880 |
Other assets | 655,503 |  |  | 713,451 |
Total assets | $ | 48,528,422 |  |  | $ | 51,832,848 |
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE SECURITIES - NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS AND EQUITY (DEFICIT) |  |  |  |  |
Current Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 3,578,045 |  |  | $ | 4,366,753 |
Accrued liabilities | 5,061,813 |  |  | 6,062,569 |
Advance payment received from potential PCT sale | 5,000,000 |  |  | — |
Long-term debt, current | 3,193,365 |  |  | 3,126,457 |
Notes payable, current | 1,014,495 |  |  | 847,327 |
Unearned revenues, current | 5,364,662 |  |  | 5,098,193 |
Total current liabilities | 23,212,380 |  |  | 19,501,299 |
Deferred income taxes | 1,120,231 |  |  | 1,070,700 |
Notes payable | 215,985 |  |  | 292,217 |
Unearned revenues - long-term | 4,447,397 |  |  | 4,587,397 |
Long-term debt | 1,701,022 |  |  | 2,524,897 |
Other long-term liabilities | 407,241 |  |  | 389,858 |
Total liabilities | $ | 31,104,256 |  |  | $ | 28,366,368 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  |  |  |
Redeemable Securities - Non-Controlling Interests | 19,400,000 |  |  | 19,400,000 |
EQUITY |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) |  |  |  |
Preferred stock, authorized, 20,000,000 shares Series B convertible redeemable preferred stock liquidation value, 1 share of common stock, $.01 par value; 825,000 shares designated; issued and outstanding, 10,000 shares at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 | 100 |  |  | 100 |
Common stock, $.001 par value, authorized 500,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 8,953,312 and 8,205,791 shares, at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | 8,953 |  |  | 8,206 |
Additional paid-in capital | 414,056,246 |  |  | 410,372,049 |
Treasury stock, at cost; 11,080 shares at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | (707,637 | ) |  | (707,637 | )
Accumulated deficit | (414,148,636 | ) |  | (404,788,809 | )
Total Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. stockholders' equity (deficit) | (790,974 | ) |  | 4,883,909 |
Noncontrolling interests | (1,184,860 | ) |  | (817,429 | )
Total equity (deficit) | (1,975,834 | ) |  | 4,066,480 |
Total liabilities, redeemable securities - non-controlling interests, and equity (deficit) | $ | 48,528,422 |  |  | $ | 51,832,848 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5

Index
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Revenues | $ | 7,922,667 |  |  | $ | 7,489,479 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |
Cost of revenues | 8,042,265 |  |  | 6,228,256 |
Research and development | 3,462,905 |  |  | 5,876,178 |
Selling, general, and administrative | 5,949,180 |  |  | 6,458,331 |
Total operating costs and expenses | 17,454,350 |  |  | 18,562,765 |
Operating loss | (9,531,683 | ) |  | (11,073,286 | )
Other income (expense): |  |  |
Other income (expense), net | (44,395 | ) |  | 5,685 |
Interest expense | (167,715 | ) |  | (926,817 | )
| (212,110 | ) |  | (921,132 | )
Loss before provision for income taxes and noncontrolling interests | (9,743,793 | ) |  | (11,994,418 | )
Provision for income taxes | 49,531 |  |  | 53,378 |
Net loss | (9,793,324 | ) |  | (12,047,796 | )
Less - loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (433,497 | ) |  | (66,879 | )
Net loss attributable to Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. common stockholders | $ | (9,359,827 | ) |  | $ | (11,980,917 | )
Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. common stockholders | $ | (1.12 | ) |  | $ | (2.09 | )
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 8,386,903 |  |  | 5,738,044 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6

Index
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Net loss | $ | (9,793,324 | ) |  | $ | (12,047,796 | )
Other comprehensive loss: |  |  |
Available for sale securities - net unrealized loss | — |  |  | (486 | )
Total other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | (486 | )
Comprehensive loss | (9,793,324 | ) |  | (12,048,282 | )
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (433,497 | ) |  | (66,879 | )
Comprehensive loss attributable to Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. common stockholders | $ | (9,359,827 | ) |  | $ | (11,981,403 | )

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
7

Index
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Unaudited)

| Series B Convertible Preferred Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. Stockholders' Equity |  | Non- Controlling Interest in Subsidiary |  | Total Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at December 31, 2015 | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | 5,673,302 |  |  | $ | 5,673 |  |  | $ | 396,547,401 |  |  | $ | 486 |  |  | $ | (372,132,490 | ) |  | $ | (707,637 | ) |  | $ | 23,713,533 |  |  | $ | (429,709 | ) |  | $ | 23,283,824 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,980,917 | ) |  | — |  |  | (11,980,917 | ) |  | (66,879 | ) |  | (12,047,796 | )
Unrealized gain/loss on marketable securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (486 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (486 | ) |  | — |  |  | (486 | )
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92,181 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 851,153 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 851,245 |  |  | — |  |  | 851,245 |
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 146,844 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 1,096,061 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,096,208 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,096,208 |
Change in Ownership in Subsidiary | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,815 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,815 | ) |  | 17,815 |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2016 | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | 5,912,327 |  |  | $ | 5,912 |  |  | $ | 398,476,800 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (384,113,407 | ) |  | $ | (707,637 | ) |  | $ | 13,661,768 |  |  | $ | (478,773 | ) |  | $ | 13,182,995 |
| Series B Convertible Preferred Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. Stockholders' Equity |  | Non- Controlling Interest in Subsidiary |  | Total Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at December 31, 2016 | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | 8,205,790 |  |  | $ | 8,206 |  |  | $ | 410,372,049 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (404,788,809 | ) |  | $ | (707,637 | ) |  | $ | 4,883,909 |  |  | $ | (817,429 | ) |  | $ | 4,066,480 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (9,359,827 | ) |  | — |  |  | (9,359,827 | ) |  | (433,497 | ) |  | (9,793,324 | )
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 113,287 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 509,437 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 509,550 |  |  | — |  |  | 509,550 |
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 634,235 |  |  | 634 |  |  | 3,240,826 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,241,460 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,241,460 |
Change in Ownership in Subsidiary | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (66,066 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (66,066 | ) |  | 66,066 |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2017 | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | 8,953,312 |  |  | $ | 8,953 |  |  | $ | 414,056,246 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (414,148,636 | ) |  | $ | (707,637 | ) |  | $ | (790,974 | ) |  | $ | (1,184,860 | ) |  | $ | (1,975,834 | )

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
8

Index
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (9,793,324 | ) |  | $ | (12,047,796 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Share-based compensation | 533,198 |  |  | 851,246 |
Depreciation and amortization | 655,340 |  |  | 737,158 |
Loss on disposal of assets | 47,301 |  |  | 591,307 |
Deferred income taxes | 49,531 |  |  | 53,378 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid and other current assets | 241,087 |  |  | (116,610 | )
Accounts receivable | (277,033 | ) |  | (46,730 | )
Deferred costs | 43,657 |  |  | (1,074,435 | )
Unearned revenues | 126,468 |  |  | 3,069,840 |
Other assets | 57,968 |  |  | 81,754 |
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities | (1,772,101 | ) |  | (127,410 | )
Net cash used in operating activities | (10,087,908 | ) |  | (8,028,298 | )
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | (171,276 | ) |  | (1,044,827 | )
Net cash used in investing activities | (171,276 | ) |  | (1,044,827 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from exercise of options | — |  |  | — |
Proceeds from exercise of warrants | — |  |  | — |
Tax withholding payments on net share settlement equity awards | (23,647 | ) |  | — |
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock | 3,241,460 |  |  | 1,096,208 |
Repayment of long-term debt | (756,966 | ) |  | (6,348,646 | )
Proceeds from notes payable | 400,998 |  |  | 368,615 |
Repayment of notes payable | (310,063 | ) |  | (335,297 | )
Advance payment received from potential PCT sale | 5,000,000 |  |  | — |
Sale of ownership interest in subsidiary | — |  |  | 19,400,000 |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 7,551,782 |  |  | 14,180,880 |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (2,707,402 | ) |  | 5,107,755 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 14,705,008 |  |  | 20,318,411 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 11,997,606 |  |  | $ | 25,426,166 |
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |
Interest | $ | 130,204 |  |  | $ | 973,729 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
9

Index
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 – The Business
Overview
Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. (“we,” “us,” "our," “Caladrius” or the “Company”), is a company developing cellular therapeutics to treat certain diseases. We leverage specialized cell therapy clinical development expertise to select and develop early-stage cell therapy candidates with the intention of partnering these candidates post proof-of-concept in humans. Our current lead product candidate, CLBS03, is an autologous polyclonal T regulatory cell ("Treg") clinical phase 2 therapy targeting children aged 8-17 with recent-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus ("TID"). Our subsidiary, PCT, LLC, a Caladrius Company TM ("PCT"), is a well-known provider of development and manufacturing services to the cell and cell-based gene therapy industry. PCT has significant cell therapy-specific experience and expertise, an expansive list of noteworthy clients and significant revenue growth over the past three years. Notably, PCT and Hitachi Chemical Co. America, Ltd. ("Hitachi America") and Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. ("Hitachi and, together with Hitachi America, "Hitachi Chemical") are engaged in a strategic collaboration to accelerate the creation of a global commercial cell therapy development and manufacturing enterprise with deep engineering expertise.
Proposed Sale of Remaining Interest in PCT to Hitachi America
On March 16, 2017 (the "Effective Date"), Caladrius entered into an interest purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement"), by and among Caladrius, PCT and Hitachi America, pursuant to which Hitachi America agreed to acquire the 80.1% membership interest in PCT that it does not already own from Caladrius for $75.0 million in cash (the "Sale"), subject to potential adjustment, including based on PCT’s cash and outstanding indebtedness as of the closing of the Sale, a potential future milestone payment of $5.0 million based on PCT's revenue in 2017-2018 and certain transaction expenses (the "Purchase Price"). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, on the Effective Date, Hitachi America paid Caladrius $5.0 million of the Purchase Price (the "Initial Payment"). At the closing of the Sale (the "Closing"), an additional $5.0 million of the Purchase Price will be deposited into an escrow account to cover potential indemnification claims against Caladrius. The Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including approval of Caladrius’ stockholders, and is expected to occur in May 2017. However, we cannot provide assurance as to when the Sale will be completed, or whether it will be completed at all.
As part of the Purchase Price, Hitachi will pay Caladrius $5.0 million (the "Milestone Payment") if PCT achieves $125.0 million in Cumulative Revenue (excluding clinical service reimbursables) (the “Milestone”) for the period from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2018. For purposes of the Milestone Payment, “Cumulative Revenue” will be calculated based on PCT’s revenue from all customers (including Caladrius and its subsidiaries) in accordance with the financial accounting and reporting standards set forth in the statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), consistently applied.
PCT is a well-known cell therapy development and manufacturing provider (often called a contract development and manufacturing organization, or "CDMO"), specializing in cell and cell-based gene therapies. PCT offers high-quality development and manufacturing capabilities (e.g., current Good Manufacturing Practice ("cGMP") manufacturing systems and facilities), quality systems, cell and tissue processing, logistics, storage and distribution) and engineering solutions (e.g., process and assay development, optimization and automation) to clients with therapeutic candidates at all stages of development. PCT produces clinical supplies and expects to produce commercial product for its clients in the future. Following completion of the Sale, we will no longer be involved in the CDMO business, but will continue to develop cell therapy product candidates (the "Retained Business").
CLBS03
We are developing strategically, through the utilization of our core development and manufacturing expertise, a product candidate that is an innovative therapy for TID. This therapy is based on a proprietary platform technology for immunomodulation. We have selected as an initial target the unmet medical need of patients who are newly diagnosed with T1D, most of whom will be below the age of 18. This program is based on the use of Tregs to treat diseases caused by imbalances in an individual's immune system. This novel approach seeks to restore immune balance by enhancing Treg number and function. Tregs are a natural part of the human immune system and regulate the activity of T effector cells; the cells that are responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. When Tregs function properly, only harmful foreign materials are attacked by T effector cells. In autoimmune disease, however, it is thought that deficient Treg activity and numbers permit the T effector cells to attack the body's own beneficial cells. In the case of T1D, the beta cells in the pancreas are attacked thereby reducing and/or eliminating over time the patient's ability to produce insulin. Insulin is necessary to regulate sugar metabolism and maintain proper sugar levels in the blood. Inconsistent or unnatural insulin levels can lead to many complications, including blindness, vascular disease and, if no insulin supplement is provided, even death. There are currently no curative treatments, only lifelong insulin therapy, which therapy
10

Index
often does not prevent serious co-morbidities. Two Phase 1 clinical trials of this technology in T1D demonstrated safety and tolerance, feasibility of manufacturing, an implied durability of effect as well as an early indication of potential therapeutic effect through the preservation of beta cell function. In the first quarter of 2016, we commenced patient enrollment in the first of two cohorts in The Sanford Project: T-Rex Study, a Phase 2 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial (the "TRex Study") to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CLBS03 in adolescents with recent onset TID. In October 2016, we received a satisfactory safety evaluation by our independent Data Safety Monitoring Board based on safety data then available from the first 19 patients enrolled in the trial. A subsequent interim analysis of early therapeutic effect is planned after approximately 50% of patients reach the six-month follow-up milestone, which analysis is expected in late 2017 or early 2018. We entered into a strategic collaboration with Sanford Research to support the execution of this trial. Sanford Research is a U.S.-based non-profit research organization that supports an emerging translational research center focused on finding a cure for T1D. On February 23, 2017, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ("CIRM") awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The funding will be based upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the proportion of subjects enrolled in California, as well as manufacturing and development costs incurred in California. We received $5.7 million in initial funding on May 4, 2017. CLBS03 has been granted Fast Track and orphan drug designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") as well as Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Product ("ATMP") classification from the European Medicines Agency ("EMA").
Ischemic Repair (CD34 Cell Technology)
Our CD34 cell technology has led to the development of therapeutic candidates designed to address diseases and conditions caused by ischemia. Ischemia occurs when the supply of oxygenated blood to healthy tissue is restricted. Through the administration of CD34 cells, we seek to promote the development and formation of new blood vessels and thereby increase blood flow to the impacted area. We believe that conditions caused by underlying ischemic injury can be improved through our CD34 cell technology, including critical limb ischemia ("CLI"). Published reports in Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions, Atherosclerosis, Stem Cells and Circulation Journal, provide preliminary evidence that CD34 cell therapy is safe and can exert significant therapeutic effects in patients with CLI, a condition in which blood flow to the legs is severely impaired, causing pain and non-healing ulcers and, ultimately, potentially resulting in the need for amputation. Our Clinical Trial Notification for a pivotal Phase 2 trial investigating CLBS12 (a candidate for CLI) was submitted to the Japanese Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency ("PMDA") and was cleared to proceed. The protocol design was agreed with PMDA and, if successful, could provide the basis for conditional approval under Japan's favorable regenerative medicine law. We are seeking to collaborate on CLBS12 with development and/or manufacturing partners. Furthermore, we submitted grant applications in an effort to seek non-dilutive financing to investigate the CD34 technology for additional clinical indications in the United States and expect to learn the results of those applications in the first half of 2017.
We intend to develop this platform if capital becomes available through grants, partnerships or licensing, as well as potentially using reasonable amounts of our own capital as it becomes available.
Additional Out-licensing Opportunities
Our broad intellectual property portfolio of cell therapy assets includes notable programs available for out-licensing in order to continue their clinical development. These include additional indications for our Treg product, additional indications for our CD34 cell technology and a platform using tumor cell/dendritic cell technology for immuno-oncology application. The immuno-oncology program has the benefit of promising Phase 2 clinical data and applicability to multiple indications. This platform is based on our extensive intellectual property portfolio. In 2016, we completed multiple out-licensing agreements for this and other technology platforms in an effort to monetize non-core assets.
Our long-term strategy focuses on advancing cell-based therapies to the market and assisting patients suffering from life-threatening medical conditions. We believe that we are positioned to realize potentially meaningful value increases within our own proprietary pipeline based on demonstration of proof-of-concept in man as well as process and manufacturing advancements.
Cell Therapy Development and Manufacturing
PCT is a well-known CDMO, specializing in cell and cell-based gene therapies. PCT offers high-quality development and manufacturing capabilities (e.g., cGMP manufacturing systems and facilities, quality systems, cell and tissue processing, logistics, storage and distribution) and engineering solutions (e.g., process and assay development, optimization and automation) to clients with therapeutic candidates at all stages of development. PCT produces clinical supplies and ultimately, intends also to produce commercial product for its clients. PCT has worked with over 100 clients and produced over 20,000 cell therapy products since it was founded 18 years ago. PCT’s manufacturing services are designed to reduce the capital investment and time required by clients to advance their development programs compared to conducting process development and manufacturing in-house. PCT has demonstrated regulatory expertise, including the support of over 50 U.S. and European Union ("EU") regulatory filings for
11

Index
clients and expertise across multiple cell types and therapeutic applications, including immunotherapy (e.g. CAR-T therapies), neuro/endocrine therapies, hematopoietic replacement and tissue repair/regeneration. PCT offers a complete development pathway for its clients, with services supporting preclinical through commercial phase, all underpinned by timely process optimization and automation support. PCT currently operate facilities qualified under cGMPs in each of Allendale, New Jersey and Mountain View, California, including EU-compliant production capacity in the Allendale facility. On March 11, 2016, PCT entered into a technology license agreement with Hitachi (the "Hitachi License Agreement") to accelerate the creation of a global commercial cell therapy development and manufacturing enterprise with deep engineering expertise, at which time Caladrius sold 19.9% of its ownership stake in PCT to Hitachi. As discussed above, on March 16, 2017, we entered into the Purchase Agreement to sell our remaining 80.1% membership interest in PCT to Hitachi America for the Purchase Price.
Financial Information & Liquidity
Liquidity (assuming the Sale Closes in the Second Quarter of 2017) - see Note 3
The Sale may constitute the sale of substantially all of the Company's property and assets under Delaware law, and the Company, is therefore, seeking the approval of the Sale by the Company's stockholders which is scheduled to occur on May 16, 2017. The Company received the Initial Payment in the first quarter of 2017. If the Sale closes, the Company expects to receive the remainder of the Purchase Price (other than the $5.0 million paid into escrow and the milestone payment) in the second quarter of 2017. We believe that the expected cash on hand from the Sale will enable us to fund the development of CLBS03 and other operating expenses for at least the next 12 months following the issuance of our financial statements, as well as to repay our outstanding loan with Oxford Finance LLC in 2017.
We cannot provide assurance as to when the Sale will be completed, or whether it will be completed at all. In addition, if the Purchase Agreement is terminated under certain circumstances, Caladrius will be required to repay the $5.0 million Initial Payment and pay a termination fee of $5.0 million. If such payments are not made within 90 days, Hitachi America's membership interest in PCT will increase from 19.9% to 32.2%. If the Purchase Agreement is terminated under certain other circumstances, Caladrius will be required to return the $5.0 million Initial Payment, and, if it does not do so within 90 days, Hitachi America's membership interest in PCT will increase from 19.9% to 26.0%. Each of these scenarios could have adverse effects on our business, results of operations and the trading price of our common stock.
Liquidity (assuming Sale Does Not Close)
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company incurred a net loss of $9.8 million and used $10.1 million of net cash in operating activities. As of March 31, 2017, the Company's accumulated deficit was $414.1 million. We anticipate requiring additional capital in order to grow our PCT business, to fund the development of CLBS03, to fund other operating expenses, and to make principal and interest payments on our loan with Oxford Finance LLC. To meet our short and long term liquidity needs, we currently expect to use existing cash and cash equivalents balances, our revenue generating activities and a variety of other means, including our common stock purchase agreements with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC ("Aspire") (see Note 12). Other sources of liquidity could include additional potential issuances of debt or equity securities in public or private financings, option exercises, partnerships and/or collaborations and/or sale of assets. In addition, we will continue to seek as appropriate grants for scientific and clinical studies from various governmental agencies and foundations. While we continue to seek capital through a number of means, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to access capital necessary to meet our liquidity needs, we may have to delay or discontinue the development of CLBS03, and/or the expansion of our business or raise funds on terms that we may consider unfavorable.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern for at least the next 12 months following the issuance of these financial statements; however, the above conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverabilty and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, which are unaudited, include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2017 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the periods presented. The unaudited consolidated financial statements herein should be read together with the historical consolidated financial statements of the Company for the years ended
12

Index
December 31, 2016 and 2015 included in our 2016 Form 10-K. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates also affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company makes critical estimates and assumptions in determining the fair values of goodwill for potential goodwill impairments, useful lives of our long lived assets, allowances for doubtful accounts, and stock-based awards values. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.
An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it is important to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and if it requires management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments in its application.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. and its wholly-owned and partially-owned subsidiaries and affiliates as listed below. All intercompany activities have been eliminated in consolidation.

Entity |  | Percentage of Ownership |  | Location
Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. |  | 100% |  | United States of America
Amorcyte, LLC |  | 100% |  | United States of America
NeoStem Oncology, LLC |  | 100% |  | United States of America
Athelos Corporation (1) |  | 98.4% |  | United States of America
PCT, LLC, a Caladrius Company (2) |  | 80.1% |  | United States of America
NeoStem Family Storage, LLC (2) |  | 80.1% |  | United States of America
PCT Allendale, LLC (2) |  | 80.1% |  | United States of America

_________________________________________________________________
(1) As of March 31, 2017, Becton Dickinson's ownership interest was 1.6%.
(2) As of March 31, 2017, Hitachi's ownership interest was 19.9% (see Note 3).
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
In addition to the policies below, our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2016 Form 10-K. There were no changes to these policies during the three months ended March 31, 2017.
Concentration of Risks
We are subject to credit risk from our portfolio of cash and cash equivalents. Under our investment policy, we limit amounts invested in such securities by credit rating, maturity, industry group, investment type and issuer, except for securities issued by the U.S. government. Cash is held at major banks in the United States. Therefore, the Company is not exposed to any significant concentrations of credit risk from these financial instruments. The goals of our investment policy, in order of priority, are as follows: safety and preservation of principal and diversification of risk; liquidity of investments sufficient to meet cash flow requirements, and a competitive after-tax rate of return.
We are also subject to credit risk from our accounts receivable related to our services. The majority of our trade accounts receivable arises from services in the United States.
For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the three largest customers represented 59% of total revenues recognized, the largest of which was 23%. As of March 31, 2017, three customers represented 66% of our accounts receivable, the largest of which was 32%.
Share-Based Compensation
13

Index
The Company expenses all share-based payment awards to employees, directors, consultants, including grants of stock options, warrants, and restricted stock, over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value of the awards. Consultant awards are remeasured each reporting period through vesting. For awards with performance-based vesting criteria, the Company estimates the probability of achievement of the performance criteria and recognizes compensation expense related to those awards expected to vest. The Company determines the fair value of option awards using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model which uses both historical and current market data to estimate the fair value. This method incorporates various assumptions such as the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected dividend yield and expected life of the options or warrants. The fair value of the Company’s restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
Goodwill
Goodwill is the excess of purchase price over the fair value of identified net assets of businesses acquired. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are measured at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date. The Company does not amortize goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.
The Company reviews goodwill at least annually, or at the time a triggering event is identified for possible impairment. Goodwill is reviewed for possible impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company tests its goodwill each year on December 31. The Company reviews the carrying value of goodwill utilizing an income approach model, and, where appropriate, a market value approach is also utilized to supplement the discounted cash flow model. The Company makes assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows, discount rates, long-term growth rates and market values to determine each reporting unit’s estimated fair value. If these estimates or related assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to record impairment charges. In accordance with its accounting policy, the Company tested goodwill for impairment as of December 31, 2016 and concluded there was no goodwill impairment.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets consist of customer lists, manufacturing technology, tradenames, patents and rights, as well as property, plant and equipment. The assets are amortized on a straight line basis over their respective useful lives. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. If other events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset that the Company expects to hold and use may not be recoverable, the Company will estimate the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and/or its eventual disposition, and recognize an impairment loss, if any. The impairment loss, if determined to be necessary, would be measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. No triggering events were noted in the quarters ended March 31, 2017 or March 31, 2016 that would require interim impairment assessment.
Revenue Recognition
Clinical Services: The Company recognizes revenue for its (i) process development and (ii) clinical manufacturing services based on the terms of individual contracts.
We recognize revenues when all of the following conditions are met:

• | persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

• | delivery has occurred or the services have been rendered;

• | the fee is fixed or determinable; and

• | collection is probable.

The Company considers signed contracts as evidence of an arrangement. The Company assesses whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the payment terms are subject to refund or adjustment. The Company assesses cash collectability based on a number of factors, including past collection history with the client and the client's creditworthiness. If the Company determines that collectability is not reasonably assured, it defers revenue recognition until collectability becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of the cash. The Company's arrangements are generally non-cancellable, though clients typically have the right to terminate their agreement for cause if the Company materially fails to perform.
14

Index
Revenues associated with process development services generally contain multiple stages that do not have stand-alone values and are dependent upon one another, and are recognized as revenue on a completed contract basis. Progress billings collected prior to contract completion are recorded as unearned revenue until such time the contract is completed, which usually requires formal client acceptance.
Clinical manufacturing services are generally distinct arrangements whereby the Company is paid for time and materials or for fixed monthly amounts. Revenue is recognized when contractual terms have been met.
Some client agreements include multiple elements, comprised of cell process development and cell manufacturing services. The Company believes that process development and clinical manufacturing services each have stand-alone value because these services can be provided separately by other companies. In accordance with ASC Update No. 2009-13, “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605): Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements,” the Company (1) separates deliverables into separate units of accounting when deliverables are sold in a bundled arrangement and (2) allocates the arrangement's consideration to each unit in the arrangement based on its relative selling price.
Clinical Services Reimbursements: The Company separately charges the customers for the expenses associated with certain consumable resources (reimbursable expenses) that are specified in each clinical services contract. On a monthly basis, the Company bills customers for reimbursable expenses and immediately recognizes these billings as revenue, as the revenue is deemed earned as reimbursable expenses are incurred. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, clinical services reimbursements were $1.7 million and $1.3 million, respectively.
Processing and Storage Services: The Company recognizes revenue related to the collection and cryopreservation of autologous adult stem cells when the cryopreservation process is completed which is approximately twenty-four hours after cells have been collected. Revenue related to advance payments of storage fees is recognized ratably over the period covered by the advance payments.
License Fees: PCT and Hitachi Chemical also entered into an exclusive license agreement for Asia pursuant to which PCT received $5.6 million from Hitachi Chemical in 2016. PCT licensed to Hitachi Chemical certain cell therapy technology and know-how (including an exclusive license to use the PCT brand in Asia) and agreed to provide Hitachi Chemical with certain training and support. As additional consideration, Hitachi Chemical will pay PCT royalties on contract revenue generated in Asia for a minimum of ten years. The initial term of the Hitachi License Agreement is ten years and may be automatically extended for successive additional two year terms. The Company recognizes the payments as revenue on a straight-line basis over the initial ten-year term. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized $0.14 million and $0.02 million of license fee revenue, respectively. As of March 31, 2017, $0.6 million of Hitachi license fees were included in unearned revenue, and $4.4 million was included in unearned revenue - long-term.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncement
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (ASU 2014-09) and has subsequently issued a number of amendments to ASU 2014-09. The new standard, as amended, provides a single comprehensive model to be used in the accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The standard’s stated core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, ASU 2014-09 includes provisions within a five-step model that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when, or as, an entity satisfies a performance obligation. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The new standard will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2018 and permits two methods of adoption: the full retrospective method, which requires the standard to be applied to each prior period presented, or the modified retrospective method, which requires the cumulative effect of adoption to be recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements and has not yet selected the transition method. The Company anticipates assigning internal resources to assist with the evaluation and implementation of the new standard, and will continue to provide updates during 2017.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires that a lessee recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and will be applied at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. This ASU may have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. The impact on the Company’s results of
15

Index
operations is currently being evaluated. The impact of the ASU is non-cash in nature and will not affect the Company’s cash position.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, accounting for forfeitures, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The guidance will be applied prospectively, retrospectively, or by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the period in which the guidance is adopted, dependent upon the specific amendment that is adopted within the ASU. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material effect on the consolidated results of operations, cash flows, and financial position.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 clarifies how companies present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows where diversity in practice exists. ASU 2016-15 is effective in first quarter of fiscal 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. ASU 2016-16 requires the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory to be recognized as current period income tax expense or benefit at the transaction date and removes the option to defer and amortize the consolidated tax consequences of intra-entity transfers. The new standard will be effective on January 1, 2018 and will be adopted using a modified retrospective approach which requires a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted at the beginning of a fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Note 3 – Collaboration and License Agreement
March 2016 Hitachi Transaction
On March 11, 2016, PCT entered into a global collaboration with Hitachi. This collaboration consists of an equity investment in and a license agreement with PCT.
Under the equity investment agreement, Hitachi purchased a 19.9% membership interest in PCT for $19.4 million of which $15.0 million of proceeds was distributed to Caladrius from PCT and $4.4 million remained at PCT to be used for the continued expansion and improvements at PCT in support of commercial product launch readiness as well as for general corporate purposes. Caladrius remains the majority shareholder retaining an 80.1% ownership interest.
PCT and Hitachi also entered into an exclusive license agreement for the acceleration of the creation of a global commercial cell therapy development and manufacturing expertise in Asia pursuant to which PCT received $5.6 million from Hitachi in 2016. PCT licensed certain cell therapy technology and know-how (including an exclusive license in Asia) and agreed to provide Hitachi Chemical with certain training and support. As additional consideration, Hitachi Chemical will pay PCT royalties on contract revenue generated in Asia for a minimum of ten years.
Lastly, as part of the transaction, PCT and Hitachi Chemical agreed to explore the possibility of pursuing a collaboration in cell therapy contract development and manufacturing in Europe.
2017 Hitachi Transaction
On March 16, 2017, Caladrius entered into the Purchase Agreement, by and among Caladrius, PCT and Hitachi America, pursuant to which Hitachi America has agreed to acquire the 80.1% membership interest in PCT that it does not already own from Caladrius for $75.0 million in cash, subject to potential adjustment, based on PCT’s cash and outstanding indebtedness as of the closing of the transaction, a potential future milestone payment of $5.0 million based on PCT's revenue in 2017-2018 and certain transaction expenses. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Hitachi America paid Caladrius $5.0 million in March 2017 as an advance payment pending shareholder approval of the transaction, expected to occur on May 16, 2017, and other closing conditions included in the Purchase Agreement. Upon closing of the Sale this $5.0 million advance payment, which is included in the liability section of the balance sheet as an Advance Payment Received From Potential PCT Sale, will be applied toward the total $75.0 million purchase consideration. At the closing of the Sale, Caladrius will receive $65.0 million, with $5.0 million of the purchase consideration to be deposited into an escrow account to cover potential indemnification claims against Caladrius.
16

Index
As part of the Purchase Price, Hitachi will pay Caladrius the $5.0 million Milestone Payment if PCT achieves $125.0 million in cumulative revenue (excluding clinical service reimbursables) for the period from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2018. For purposes of the Milestone Payment, cumulative revenue will be calculated based on PCT’s revenue from all customers (including Caladrius and its subsidiaries) in accordance with the financial accounting and reporting standards set forth in the statements and pronouncements of the FASB, consistently applied.
Generally, in the event of a Change in Control of Caladrius (as defined in the 2009 Plan and the 2015 Equity Plan, and, together with the 2009 Plan, the “Equity Compensation Plans”), (a) all outstanding options and stock appreciation rights of each participant granted prior to the change in control shall be fully vested and immediately exercisable in their entirety, and (b) all unvested stock awards, restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance-based awards, and other awards shall become fully vested, including without limitation, the following: (i) the restrictions to which any shares of restricted stock granted prior to the change in control are subject shall lapse as if the applicable restriction period had ended upon such change in control, and (ii) the conditions required for vesting of any unvested performance-based awards shall be deemed to be satisfied upon such change in control. The approval of the Sale by our stockholders will result in a Change in Control under our Equity Compensation Plans. Accordingly, all outstanding unvested equity awards will be accelerated if the Sale is approved by our stockholders.
Concurrent with the signing of the Purchase Agreement, on March 16, 2017, Caladrius entered into a Retention and Incentive Agreement with Robert A. Preti, a former Caladrius director and a co-founder and the President of PCT, (the “Retention Agreement”). The Retention Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings between Dr. Preti and Caladrius regarding the subject matter of the Retention Agreement. Among other things, the Retention Agreement provides for:

• | Simultaneously with the Closing, Caladrius will pay to Dr. Preti $1.375 million (the “First Retention Payment”).

• | As an incentive to remain employed with PCT and to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause PCT to maximize its overall performance and in particular to achieve the Milestone (but not contingent upon achieving the Milestone), Dr. Preti will receive a lump-sum cash retention and incentive payment equal to $1.375 million for the period from Closing until the date one year after the date of the Closing (the “Anniversary Date”), subject to Dr. Preti’s continued employment with PCT through the Anniversary Date (the “Second Retention Payment”).

• | Dr. Preti will be entitled to 5% of the Milestone Payment if it is successfully earned.

All payments are contingent on Closing of the Sale.
Note 4 – Available-for-Sale-Securities
The following table is a summary of available-for-sale securities recorded in cash and cash equivalents or marketable securities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Money market funds | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | 4,426.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,426.8 |
Municipal debt securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | 4,426.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,426.8 |

Estimated fair values of available-for-sale securities are generally based on prices obtained from commercial pricing services. The following table summarizes the classification of the available-for-sale debt securities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | 4,426.8 |
Total | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | 4,426.8 |

17

Index
The following table summarizes our portfolio of available-for-sale debt securities by contractual maturity (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017
| Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value
Less than one year | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | 1,430.4 |
Greater than one year | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 1,430.4 |  |  | $ | 1,430.4 |

Note 5 – Deferred Costs
Deferred costs, representing work in process for costs incurred on process development contracts that have not been completed, were $3.5 million and $3.6 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company also has deferred revenue of approximately $4.3 million and $4.0 million of advance billings received as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, related to these contracts.
Note 6 – Loss Per Share
For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company incurred net losses and therefore no common stock equivalents were utilized in the calculation of loss per share as they are anti-dilutive. At March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company excluded the following potentially dilutive securities:

| March 31
| 2017 |  | 2016
Stock Options | 1,133,459 |  |  | 722,708 |
Warrants | 336,062 |  |  | 460,547 |
Restricted Shares | 132,726 |  |  | 53,935 |

Note 7 – Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are being measured and reported are defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market at the measurement date (exit price). The Company is required to classify fair value measurements in one of the following categories:
Level 1 inputs are defined as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 inputs are defined as inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 inputs are defined as unobservable inputs for the assets or liabilities. Financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
The Company had no financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016.

Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
18

Index
The Company's goodwill was $7.0 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. All goodwill resides in the PCT reporting unit.
The Company's intangible assets and related accumulated amortization as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Useful Life |  | Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net |  | Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net
Customer list | 10 years |  | $ | 1,000.0 |  |  | $ | (620.1 | ) |  | $ | 379.9 |  |  | $ | 1,000.0 |  |  | $ | (595.1 | ) |  | $ | 404.9 |
Manufacturing technology | 10 years |  | 3,900.0 |  |  | (2,418.4 | ) |  | 1,481.6 |  |  | 3,900.0 |  |  | (2,320.9 | ) |  | 1,579.1 |
Tradename | 10 years |  | 800.0 |  |  | (496.1 | ) |  | 303.9 |  |  | 800.0 |  |  | (476.1 | ) |  | 323.9 |
Total intangible assets |  |  | $ | 5,700.0 |  |  | $ | (3,534.6 | ) |  | $ | 2,165.4 |  |  | $ | 5,700.0 |  |  | $ | (3,392.1 | ) |  | $ | 2,307.9 |

Total intangible amortization expense was classified in the operating expense categories for the periods included below as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Cost of revenue |  | $ | 78.6 |  |  | $ | 79.6 |
Research and development |  | 18.9 |  |  | 17.9 |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 45.0 |  |  | 45.0 |
Total |  | $ | 142.5 |  |  | $ | 142.5 |

Estimated intangible amortization expense for the succeeding five years is as follows (in thousands):

2017 | $ | 427.5 |
2018 | 570.0 |
2019 | 570.0 |
2020 | 570.0 |
Thereafter | 27.9 |
Total | $ | 2,165.4 |

Note 9 – Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Salaries, employee benefits and related taxes | $ | 2,759.4 |  |  | $ | 4,209.7 |
Professional fees | 730.0 |  |  | 224.5 |
Other | 1,572.4 |  |  | 1,628.4 |
Total | $ | 5,061.8 |  |  | $ | 6,062.6 |

Note 10 – Debt
Notes Payable
As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had notes payable of approximately $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The notes relate to certain insurance policies and equipment financings, require monthly payments, and mature within one to three years.
19

Index
Long-Term Debt
On September 26, 2014, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement (the “Loan and Security Agreement”) with Oxford Finance LLC (together with its successors and assigns, the “Lender”) pursuant to which the Lender disbursed $15.0 million (the “Loan”). The debt offering/issuance costs have been recorded as debt issuance costs in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet, and will be amortized to interest expense throughout the life of the Loan using the effective interest rate method.
On March 11, 2016, upon the sale of a 19.9% membership interest in PCT to Hitachi America and our entry into a technology license agreement with Hitachi America (collectively, the “March 2016 Hitachi Transaction”), the Company and the Lender entered into an amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement whereby (i) the Company paid $7.0 million to Lender, comprising principal, interest and early termination fees, (ii) the Company's subsidiaries PCT, PCT Allendale, LLC, and NeoStem Family Storage, LLC (collectively the "Removed Borrowers") were removed as borrowers under the Loan, (iii) Lender's security interests in any and all assets of the Removed Borrowers were released, (iv) the interest only period on the remaining outstanding Loan balance was extended until January 1, 2017, and (v) in the event the Company received gross proceeds from the sale or issuance of any equity securities or subordinated debt, or any partnership, licenses, collaboration, dividend, grant or asset sale through March 31, 2017, 20% of such proceeds will be paid to Lender, up to a $3.0 million maximum as additional partial repayment of Loan. On September 14, 2016, concurrent with the Company's September 2016 Registered Direct Offering and Concurrent Private Placement (see Note 12), the Company repaid $3.0 million of such proceeds to the Lender. The outstanding balance was approximately $4.9 million and $5.7 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, of which $3.2 million is payable within twelve months as of March 31, 2017.
The Company was making interest-only payments on the outstanding amount of the Loan on a monthly basis at a rate of 8.50% per annum through December 31, 2016. Commencing on January 1, 2017, the Company began making 21 consecutive monthly payments of principal and interest. The Loan matures on September 1, 2018. At its option, the Company may prepay all amounts owed under the Loan and Security Agreement (including all accrued and unpaid interest), subject to a prepayment fee that is determined based on the date the loan is prepaid. The Company is also required to pay Lender a final payment fee equal to 8% of the Loan. The final payment fee will be amortized to interest expense throughout the life of the Loan using the effective interest rate method. The Company paid a facility fee in the amount of $100,000 in connection with the Loan.
Under the Loan and Security Agreement, the Lender holds a security interest ("Lenders' Security Interest") in all of the Company’s property, excluding the security interests in any and all assets of the Removed Borrowers, and excluding intellectual property and certain other assets and exemptions. The Lender also holds a security interest in the shares owned by the Company in the Company’s subsidiaries. The Loan and Security Agreement restricts the ability of the Company to: (a) convey, lease, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any part of Lenders' Security Interest and (b) incur any additional indebtedness. The Loan and Security Agreement provides for standard indemnification of Lender and contains representations, warranties and certain covenants of the Company. Upon the occurrence of an event of default by the Company under the Loan and Security Agreement, Lender will have customary acceleration, collection and foreclosure remedies. There are no financial covenants associated to the Loan and Security Agreement. As of March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Loan and Security Agreement.
Estimated future principal payments due under the Loan and Security Agreement are as follows:

Years Ending December 31, | (in thousands)
2017 | $ | 2,369.5 |
2018 | 2,524.9 |
Total | $ | 4,894.4 |

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.3 million of interest expense, respectively, related to the Loan and Security Agreement.
Note 11 – Redeemable Securities
Under the Hitachi Transaction (see Note 3), Hitachi may, at any time following the tenth anniversary of the March 2016 Hitachi Transaction closing date on March 11, 2016, have the right on one occasion to require Caladrius or PCT to purchase all or some of the equity securities in PCT then held by Hitachi ("Hitachi Put Right") for an amount equal to the lower of (i) the fair market value of the Hitachi equity holdings and (ii) the original purchase price paid of $19.4 million on March 11, 2016 for its
20

Index
19.9% ownership interest, plus interest at a rate of 2.0% per annum compounded annually; provided, however, that if Hitachi ownership interests increases subsequent to its initial ownership interest, and it offers to sell its equity holdings in excess of 21% of PCT’s outstanding equity securities, then the Company shall be required to purchase all such equity holdings of Hitachi but in no event shall the aggregate purchase price of such Hitachi equity holdings exceed $20.5 million plus interest at the rate of 2.0% per annum compounded annually.
Since Hitachi has the right to deliver the equity interests in PCT it holds in exchange for cash from Caladrius or PCT, the initial $19.4 million value of the non-controlling interest is considered redeemable equity, requiring it to be treated as mezzanine equity. Redeemable non-controlling interest is required to be initially measured at the initial carrying amount. If the non-controlling interest is not currently redeemable and also not probable of becoming redeemable (e.g., it is not probable a contingency that triggers redemption will be met), the non-controlling interest should be classified in mezzanine equity.
Note 12 – Shareholders' Equity
Reverse Stock Split
On July 28, 2016, the Company implemented the Reverse Stock Split, as authorized at the annual meeting of stockholders on June 22, 2016 and unanimously approved by the Company’s board of directors on July 22, 2016. The Reverse Stock Split became effective on July 27, 2016 at 5:00pm and the common stock of the Company began trading on The NASDAQ Capital Market on a post-split basis at the open of business on July 28, 2016. As of July 28, 2016, every ten shares of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock were combined into one share of its common stock, except to the extent that the Reverse Stock Split resulted in any of the Company’s stockholders owning a fractional share, which was rounded up to the next highest whole share. In connection with the Reverse Stock Split, there was no change in the nominal par value per share of $0.001.
All share and per share amounts of common stock, options and warrants in the accompanying financial statements have been restated for all periods to give retroactive effect to the Reverse Stock Split. Accordingly, the consolidated statements of equity reflect the impact of the Reverse Stock Split by reclassifying from “common stock” to “Additional paid-in capital” in an amount equal to the par value of the decreased shares resulting from the Reverse Stock Split.
Equity Issuances
September 2016 Registered Direct Offering and Concurrent Private Placement
On September 14, 2016, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “RD Purchase Agreement”) with a single institutional investor (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which the Company issued and sold to the Purchaser, in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of 847,458 shares of the Company’s common stock at a purchase price of $4.72 per share. The gross proceeds to the Company from the registered direct offering of the shares of common stock were $4.0 million.
In concurrent private placements, on September 14, 2016, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (each a “Private Placement Purchase Agreement” and, collectively, the “Private Placement Purchase Agreements”) with certain accredited investors (the “Investors”) with whom it had a substantive, pre-existing relationship, including certain existing stockholders, for the sale by the Company of an aggregate of 4,449,153 shares of Common Stock, at a purchase price of $4.72 per share. The investments will be placed in two tranches: (i) $12.6 million upon an initial closing (the “Initial Closing”), and (ii) $8.4 million, subject to certain conditions, including the enrollment of 70 subjects in the Company’s Phase 2 CLBS03 clinical trial, in a second closing (the “Second Closing”). As of March 31, 2017, $6.0 million of the Initial Closing tranche had not been received from a single investor, who was in breach of his obligations under the Private Placement Purchase Agreement. This investor had also committed to fund $4.0 million in the Second Closing. As a result, the Company has terminated the Private Placement Purchase Agreement with this investor in the first quarter of 2017. On March 22, 2017, Sanford Health agreed to waive the conditions for the Second Closing and purchased 423,729 shares of common stock resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of $2.0 million.
Aspire Purchase Agreements
In November 2015, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company (“Aspire Capital”), which provides that, subject to certain terms and conditions, Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $30 million of shares (limited to a maximum of approximately 1.1 million shares, unless stockholder approval is obtained or certain minimum sale price levels are reached) of the Company's common stock over a 24-month term. As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 84,270 shares of its common stock to Aspire Capital. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company issued
21

Index
210,506 shares of common stock under the Purchase Agreement for gross proceeds of $1.2 million. Overall, as of March 31, 2017, the Company has issued 319,776 shares under the Purchase Agreement for gross proceeds of $1.5 million.
Under the Purchase Agreement, at the Company’s discretion, it may present Aspire Capital with purchase notices from time to time to purchase the Company’s common stock, provided certain price, trading volume and conditions, including NASDAQ's trading requirements, are met. The purchase price for the shares of common stock is based upon one of two formulas set forth in the Purchase Agreement depending on the type of purchase notice the Company submits to Aspire Capital, and is based on market prices of the Company’s common stock (in the case of regular purchases) or a discount of 5% applied to volume weighted average prices (in the case of VWAP purchases), in each case as determined by parameters defined in the Purchase Agreements. We have filed a registration statement with the SEC and a related prospectus supplement that covers the offering of shares of our common stock subject to the Purchase Agreement, and therefore can initiate sales to Aspire Capital at any time, subject to the limitation discussed above.
We are party to one other existing agreement with Aspire Capital (the "May 2015 Purchase Agreement"). The registration statement we previously filed with the SEC to cover offerings of shares of our common stock subject to the May 2015 Purchase Agreement has expired, and we have not, and currently have no intention to include such shares in a registration statement filed with the SEC. Unless and until we include such shares in a registration statement filed with the SEC, we are unable to initiate sales to Aspire under the May 2015 Purchase Agreement. Under the May 2015 Purchase Agreement, Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $30 million of shares. As consideration for entering into the May 2015 Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 36,484 shares of its common stock to Aspire Capital. The Company has not issued any additional shares under the May 2015 Purchase Agreement.
Stock Options and Warrants
The following table summarizes the activity for stock options and warrants for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as adjusted for the Reverse Stock Split:

|  | Stock Options |  | Warrants
|  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands) |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 |  | 952,790 |  |  | $ | 39.90 |  |  | 7.60 |  | $ | — |  |  | 388,062 |  |  | $ | 76.50 |  |  | 1.24 |  | $ | — |
Changes during the period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  | 209,418 |  |  | 3.60 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  | (6,294 | ) |  | 8.40 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Expired |  | (22,455 | ) |  | 43.20 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (52,000 | ) |  | 51.30 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at March 31, 2017 |  | 1,133,459 |  |  | $ | 33.30 |  |  | 7.80 |  | $ | 386.5 |  |  | 336,062 |  |  | $ | 80.40 |  |  | 1.15 |  | $ | — |
Vested at March 31, 2017 or expected to vest in the future |  | 1,103,988 |  |  | $ | 34.00 |  |  | 7.76 |  | $ | 357.7 |  |  | 336,062 |  |  | $ | 80.40 |  |  | 1.15 |  | $ | — |
Vested at March 31, 2017 |  | 821,156 |  |  | $ | 43.10 |  |  | 7.23 |  | $ | 133.6 |  |  | 336,062 |  |  | $ | 80.40 |  |  | 1.15 |  | $ | — |

Restricted Stock
During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company issued restricted stock for services as follows (in thousands, except share data):

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Number of restricted stock issued |  | 132,726 |  |  | 98,383 |
Value of restricted stock issued |  | $ | 469.9 |  |  | $ | 562.8 |

22

Index
Note 13 – Share-Based Compensation
Share-based Compensation
We utilize share-based compensation in the form of stock options, warrants and restricted stock. The following table summarizes the components of share-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Cost of goods sold | $ | 46.8 |  |  | $ | 124.3 |
Research and development | 52.5 |  |  | 92.3 |
Selling, general and administrative | 433.9 |  |  | 634.6 |
Total share-based compensation expense | $ | 533.2 |  |  | $ | 851.2 |

Total compensation cost related to nonvested awards not yet recognized and the weighted-average periods over which the awards are expected to be recognized at March 31, 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

| Stock Options |  | Restricted Stock
Unrecognized compensation cost | $ | 1,381.2 |  |  | $ | 651.5 |
Expected weighted-average period in years of compensation cost to be recognized | 1.85 |  |  | 2.08 |

Total fair value of shares vested and the weighted average estimated fair values of shares granted for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows, as adjusted for the Reverse Stock Split (in thousands):

| Stock Options
| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Total fair value of shares vested | $ | 507.1 |  |  | $ | 994.1 |
Weighted average estimated fair value of shares granted | $ | 2.34 |  |  | $ | 4.10 |

Valuation Assumptions
The fair value of stock options and warrants at the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The expected volatility is based upon historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The expected term for the options is based upon observation of actual time elapsed between date of grant and exercise of options for all employees. The expected term for the warrants is based upon the contractual term of the warrants.
Note 14 – Research Funding
California Institute of Regenerative Medicine Grant Award
On February 23, 2017, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ("CIRM") awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The funding will be based upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the proportion of subjects enrolled in California, as well as manufacturing and development costs incurred in California. We received $5.7 million in initial funding on May 4, 2017 (see Note 18).
Note 15 – Income Taxes
As of December 31, 2016, the Company had approximately $232.7 million of federal net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs") available to offset future taxable income expiring from 2027 through 2036. In accordance with Section 382 of the Internal Revenue code, the usage of the Company’s NOLs could be limited in the event of a change in ownership. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the period when those temporary differences become deductible. If a change of ownership did occur there would be an annual limitation on the usage of the Company’s losses which are available through 2036.
23

Index
In assessing the ability to realize deferred tax assets, including the NOLs, the Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize its existing deferred tax assets. Based on its assessment, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets as the Company's ability to generate taxable income remains uncertain at this time.
Deferred tax liabilities were $1.1 million and $1.1 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, and relate to the taxable temporary differences on the goodwill recognized in the PCT acquisition in 2011. The taxable temporary differences, which are tax deductible and will be amortized over 15 years, will continue to increase the deferred tax liability balance over the amortization period, with an associated charge to the deferred tax provision in each period. The deferred tax liability will only reverse when the indefinite-lived asset is sold, impaired, or reclassified from an indefinite-lived asset to a finite-lived asset.
The Company applies the FASB’s provisions for uncertain tax positions. The Company utilizes the two step process to determine the amount of recognized tax benefit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. The Company recognizes interest and penalties associated with certain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.
As of March 31, 2017, management does not believe the Company has any material uncertain tax positions that would require it to measure and reflect the potential lack of sustainability of a position on audit in its financial statements. The Company will continue to evaluate its uncertain tax positions in future periods to determine if measurement and recognition in its financial statements is necessary. The Company does not believe there will be any material changes in its unrecognized tax positions over the next year.
The Company completed the audit of its federal tax returns for the years 2012 and 2013 during the fourth quarter of 2016. The audit resulted in an adjustment to the Company's NOL carryforward. For years prior to 2014 the federal statute of limitations is closed for assessing tax. The Company’s state tax returns remain open to examination for a period of three to four years from date of filing. The Company ceased doing business in China in 2012. After 2012, the Company had no foreign tax filing obligations. The foreign returns filed for 2012 and prior are subject to examination for five years.
Note 16 – Segment Information
In connection with the contemplated sale of the remaining interest in PCT to Hitachi Chemical, we reorganized our financial reporting into two distinct reportable operating segments.

• | The R&D Segment which develops early-stage cellular therapeutic candidates to treat certain diseases with the intention of partnering these candidates post proof-of-concept in humans.

• | The PCT Segment which provides development and manufacturing services to the cell and cell-based gene therapy industry.

Each operating segment is individually reviewed and evaluated by our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), who allocates resources and assesses performance of each segment individually. The CODM evaluates segment performance primarily based on loss from operations. The Company's Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the CODM.
The following table shows, by segment: net revenue, cost of sales, operating profit, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, income tax benefit (expense), and assets for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 ($ in thousands):
24

Index

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
|  | R&D Segment |  | PCT Segment |  | Total |  | R&D Segment |  | PCT Segment |  | Total
Net revenues |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,922.7 |  |  | $ | 7,922.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,489.5 |  |  | $ | 7,489.5 |
Cost of revenues |  | — |  |  | 8,042.3 |  |  | 8,042.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,228.3 |  |  | 6,228.3 |
Operating loss |  | (7,736.6 | ) |  | (1,795.1 | ) |  | (9,531.7 | ) |  | (10,876.3 | ) |  | (197.0 | ) |  | (11,073.3 | )
Depreciation and amortization |  | 98.9 |  |  | 556.4 |  |  | 655.3 |  |  | 153.1 |  |  | 584.1 |  |  | 737.2 |
Interest expense |  | 158.9 |  |  | 8.8 |  |  | 167.7 |  |  | 897.2 |  |  | 29.6 |  |  | 926.8 |
Provision for income taxes |  | — |  |  | 49.5 |  |  | 49.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 53.4 |  |  | 53.4 |
Total assets |  | $ | 13,049.0 |  |  | $ | 35,479.5 |  |  | $ | 48,528.4 |  |  | $ | 21,883.7 |  |  | $ | 41,301.2 |  |  | $ | 63,184.9 |

Note 17 – Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Commitments
We lease facilities under various operating lease agreements in Basking Ridge, NJ, New York, NY, Irvine, CA , and Mountain View, CA, of which certain have escalation clauses and renewal options. We also lease equipment under certain noncancelable operating leases. Our leases expire from time to time through 2021.
A summary of future minimum rental payments required under operating leases that have initial or remaining terms in excess of one year as of March 31, 2017 are as follows (in thousands):

Years ended |  | Operating Leases
2017 |  | $ | 1,683.1 |
2018 |  | 1,723.5 |
2019 |  | 1,332.7 |
2020 |  | 792.1 |
2021 and thereafter |  | 168.1 |
Total minimum lease payments |  | $ | 5,699.5 |

Expense incurred under operating leases was approximately $0.5 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Contingencies
We have entered into a strategic collaboration with Sanford Research with the goal of developing a therapy for the treatment of T1D. The initial focus of the collaboration will be the execution of a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial (The Sanford Project: T-Rex Study) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Company’s T regulatory cell product candidate, CLBS03, in adolescents with recent onset T1D. The Phase 2 study has an open and active IND in place and subject enrollment commenced in the first quarter of 2016. We were initially responsible for the supply of all study drug to the first 19 enrolled patients while Sanford assumed all patient and clinical site costs for subjects enrolled in their two centers as well as the expense associated with general clinical monitoring services. For the remaining 92 patients in the study, we will continue to be responsible for the supply of all study drug and the costs of study enrollment for sites outside of the Sanford centers.
Under license agreements with third parties the Company is typically required to pay maintenance fees, make milestone payments and/or pay other fees and expenses and pay royalties upon commercialization of products. The Company also sponsors research at various academic institutions, which research agreements generally provide us with an option to license new technology discovered during the course of the sponsored research.
Under the Hitachi Transaction, Hitachi may require the Company to purchase all of its ownership in PCT if a Change of Control has occurred (as defined in the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of PCT), and if such Change of Control can reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on PCT’s ability to conduct its business in the ordinary course consistent with its past practice and its then current annual budget, at a price to be agreed upon by mutual agreement, provided, however, if mutual agreement is not obtained, the price will be determined by independent valuation firms.
25

Index
From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of pending claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that the outcome of any pending claims will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or operating results.
Note 18 – Subsequent Events
California Institute of Regenerative Medicine Grant Award
On February 23, 2017, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ("CIRM") awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The funding will be based upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the proportion of subjects enrolled in California, as well as manufacturing and development costs incurred in California. We received $5.7 million in initial funding on May 4, 2017 (see Note 14).
26

Index
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” herein and under “Risk Factors” in our 2016 Form 10-K. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Overview
Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. (“we,” “us,” "our," “Caladrius” or the “Company”), is a company developing cellular therapeutics to treat certain diseases. We leverage specialized cell therapy clinical development expertise to select and develop early-stage cell therapy candidates with the intention of partnering these candidates post proof-of-concept in humans. Our current lead product candidate, CLBS03, is an autologous polyclonal T regulatory cell ("Treg") clinical phase 2 therapy targeting children aged 8-17 with recent-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (“T1D”). Our subsidiary, PCT, LLC, a Caladrius Company TM (“PCT”), is a well-known provider of development and manufacturing services to the cell and cell-based gene therapy industry. PCT has significant cell therapy-specific experience and expertise, an expansive list of noteworthy clients and significant revenue growth over the past three years. Notably, PCT and Hitachi Chemical Co. America, Ltd. ("Hitachi America") and Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. (“Hitachi” and, together with Hitachi America, "Hitachi Chemical")i are engaged in a strategic collaboration to accelerate the creation of a global commercial cell therapy development and manufacturing enterprise with deep engineering expertise.
Proposed Sale of Remaining Interest in PCT to Hitachi America
On March 16, 2017 (the "Effective Date"), we entered into an interest purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement"), by and among us, PCT and Hitachi America, pursuant to which Hitachi America has agreed to acquire the 80.1% membership interest in PCT that it does not already own from us for $75.0 million in cash (the "Sale"), subject to potential adjustment, including based on PCT’s cash and outstanding indebtedness as of the closing of the Sale, a potential future milestone payment of $5.0 million based on PCT's revenue in 2017-2018 and certain transaction expenses (the "Purchase Price"). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, at the Effective Date, Hitachi America paid us $5.0 million of the Purchase Price (the "Initial Payment"). At the closing of the Sale (the "Closing"), an additional $5.0 million of the Purchase Price will be deposited into an escrow account to cover potential indemnification claims against us. The Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including approval of our stockholders, and is expected to occur during May 2017. However, we cannot provide assurance as to when the Sale will be completed, or whether it will be completed at all.
As part of the Purchase Price, Hitachi will pay us $5.0 million (the "Milestone Payment") if PCT achieves $125.0 million in Cumulative Revenue (excluding clinical service reimbursables) (the “Milestone”) for the period from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2018. For purposes of the Milestone Payment, “Cumulative Revenue” will be calculated based on PCT’s revenue from all customers (including us and our subsidiaries) in accordance with the financial accounting and reporting standards set forth in the statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), consistently applied.
PCT is a well-known cell therapy development and manufacturing provider (often called a contract development and manufacturing organization, or "CDMO"), specializing in cell and cell-based gene therapies. PCT offers high-quality development and manufacturing capabilities (e.g., current Good Manufacturing Practice ("cGMP") manufacturing systems and facilities), quality systems, cell and tissue processing, logistics, storage and distribution) and engineering solutions (e.g., process and assay development, optimization and automation) to clients with therapeutic candidates at all stages of development. PCT produces clinical supplies and expects to produce commercial product for its clients in the future.. Following completion of the Sale, we will no longer be involved in the CDMO business, but will continue to develop cell therapy product candidates (the "Retained Business").
CLBS03
We are developing strategically, through the utilization of our core development and manufacturing expertise, a product candidate that is an innovative therapy for T1D. This therapy is based on a proprietary platform technology for immunomodulation. We have selected as an initial target the unmet medical need of patients who are newly diagnosed with T1D, most of whom will be below the age of 18. This program is based on the use of Tregs to treat diseases caused by imbalances in an individual's immune system. This novel approach seeks to restore immune balance by enhancing Treg number and function. Tregs are a natural part of the human immune system and regulate the activity of T effector cells; the cells that are responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. When Tregs function properly, only harmful foreign materials are attacked by T effector cells. In
27

Index
autoimmune disease, however, it is thought that deficient Treg activity and numbers permit the T effector cells to attack the body's own beneficial cells. In the case of T1D, the beta cells in the pancreas are attacked thereby reducing and/or eliminating over time the patient's ability to produce insulin. Insulin is necessary to regulate sugar metabolism and maintain proper sugar levels in the blood. Inconsistent or unnatural insulin levels can lead to many complications, including blindness, vascular disease and, if no insulin supplement is provided, even death. There are currently no curative treatments, only lifelong insulin therapy, which therapy often does not prevent serious co-morbidities. Two Phase 1 clinical trials of this technology in T1D demonstrated safety and tolerance, feasibility of manufacturing, an implied durability of effect as well as an early indication of potential therapeutic effect through the preservation of beta cell function. In the first quarter of 2016, we commenced patient enrollment in the first of two cohorts in The Sanford Project: T-Rex Study, a Phase 2 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial (the "TRex Study") to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CLBS03 in adolescents with recent onset T1D. In October 2016, we received a satisfactory safety evaluation by our independent Data Safety Monitoring Board based on safety data then available from the first 19 patients enrolled in the trial. A subsequent interim analysis of early therapeutic effect is planned after approximately 50% of patients reach the six-month follow-up milestone, which analysis is expected in late 2017 or early 2018. We entered into a strategic collaboration with Sanford Research to support the execution of this trial. Sanford Research is a U.S.-based non-profit research organization that supports an emerging translational research center focused on finding a cure for T1D. On February 23, 2017, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ("CIRM") awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The total $12.2 million amount will become payable upon the achievement of certain milestones. We received $5.7 million in initial funding on May 4, 2017. CLBS03 has been granted Fast Track and orphan drug designations from the FDA as well as Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Product ("ATMP") classification from the European Medicines Agency ("EMA").
Ischemic Repair (CD34 Cell Technology)
Our CD34 cell technology has led to the development of therapeutic candidates designed to address diseases and conditions caused by ischemia. Ischemia occurs when the supply of oxygenated blood to healthy tissue is restricted. Through the administration of CD34 cells, we seek to promote the development and formation of new blood vessels and thereby increase blood flow to the impacted area. We believe that conditions caused by underlying ischemic injury can improve through our CD34 cell technology, including critical limb ischemia ("CLI"). Published reports in Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions, Atherosclerosis, Stem Cells and Circulation Journal, provide preliminary evidence that CD34 cell therapy is safe and can exert significant therapeutic effects in patients with CLI, a condition in which blood flow to the legs is severely impaired, causing pain and non-healing ulcers and, ultimately, potentially resulting in the need for amputation. Our Clinical Trial Notification for a pivotal Phase 2 trial investigating CLBS12 (a candidate for CLI) was submitted to the Japanese Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency ("PMDA") and was cleared to proceed. The protocol design was agreed with PMDA and, if successful, could provide the basis for conditional approval under Japan's favorable regenerative medicine law. We are seeking to collaborate on CLBS12 with development and/or manufacturing partners. Furthermore, we submitted grant applications in an effort to seek non-dilutive financing to investigate the CD34 technology for additional clinical indications in the United States and expect to learn the results of those applications in 2017.
We intend to develop this platform if capital becomes available through grants, partnerships or licensing, as well as potentially using reasonable amounts of our own capital as it becomes available.
Additional Out-licensing Opportunities
Our broad intellectual property portfolio of cell therapy assets includes notable programs available for out-licensing in order to continue their clinical development. These include additional indications for our Treg product, additional indications for our CD34 cell technology and a platform using tumor cell/dendritic cell technology for immuno-oncology application. The immuno-oncology program has the benefit of promising Phase 2 clinical data and applicability to multiple indications. This platform is based on our extensive intellectual property portfolio. In 2016 we completed multiple out-licensing agreements for these and other technology platforms in an effort to monetize non-core assets.
Our long term strategy focuses on advancing cell-based therapies to the market and assisting patients suffering from life-threatening medical conditions. We believe that we are positioned to realize potentially meaningful value increases within our own proprietary pipeline based on demonstration of proof-of-concept in man as well as process and manufacturing advancements.
Cell Therapy Development and Manufacturing
PCT is a well-known CDMO, specializing in cell and cell-based gene therapies. PCT offers high-quality development and manufacturing capabilities (e.g., cGMP manufacturing systems and facilities, quality systems, cell and tissue processing, logistics, storage and distribution) and engineering solutions (e.g., process and assay development, optimization and automation) to clients with therapeutic candidates at all stages of development. PCT produces clinical supplies and ultimately, intends also to produce commercial product for its clients. PCT has worked with over 100 clients and produced over 20,000 cell therapy products since
28

Index
it was founded 18 years ago. PCT’s manufacturing services are designed to reduce the capital investment and time required by clients to advance their development programs compared to conducting process development and manufacturing in-house. PCT has demonstrated regulatory expertise, including the support of over 50 U.S. and European Union ("EU") regulatory filings for clients and expertise across multiple cell types and therapeutic applications, including immunotherapy (e.g. CAR-T therapies), neuro/endocrine therapies, hematopoietic replacement and tissue repair/regeneration. PCT offers a complete development pathway for its clients, with services supporting preclinical through commercial phase, all underpinned by timely process optimization and automation support. PCT currently operates facilities qualified under cGMPs in each of Allendale, New Jersey and Mountain View, California, including an EU-compliant production capacity in the Allendale facility. On March 11, 2016, PCT entered into a technology license agreement with Hitachi (the "Hitachi License Agreement") to accelerate the creation of a global commercial cell therapy development and manufacturing enterprise with deep engineering expertise, at which time we sold 19.9% of our ownership stake in PCT to Hitachi America. As discussed above, on March 16, 2017, we entered into the Purchase Agreement to sell our remaining 80.1% membership interest in PCT to Hitachi America for the Purchase Price.
Reverse Stock Split
On July 28, 2016, we implemented a one-for-ten reverse split of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”), as authorized at the annual meeting of stockholders on June 22, 2016. The Reverse Stock Split became effective on July 27, 2016 and our common stock began trading on The NASDAQ Capital Market on a post-split basis at the open of business on July 28, 2016. As of July 28, 2016, every ten shares of our issued and outstanding common stock were combined into one share of our common stock, except to the extent that the Reverse Stock Split resulted in any of our stockholders owning a fractional share, which was rounded up to the next highest whole share. In connection with the Reverse Stock Split, there was no change in the nominal par value per share of $0.001. The Reverse Stock Split was effectuated in order to increase the per share trading price of our common stock to satisfy the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on The NASDAQ Capital Market. By letter dated August 11, 2016, the NASDAQ Capital Market, Listing Qualification Department, confirmed that the Company's common stock was in compliance with listing requirements.
Unless otherwise noted, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to number of shares of common stock, price per share and weighted average shares of common stock have been adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split on a retroactive basis for all periods presented.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was approximately $9.8 million compared to $12.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.
Revenues
For the three months ended March 31, 2017, total revenues were approximately $7.9 million compared to $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing an increase of $0.4 million, or 6%. Revenues were comprised of the following (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Clinical Services | $ | 4,932.5 |  |  | $ | 5,300.8 |
Clinical Services Reimbursables | 1,666.9 |  |  | 1,261.2 |
Processing and Storage Services | 1,183.3 |  |  | 909.6 |
Other | 140.0 |  |  | 17.8 |
Total Revenues | $ | 7,922.7 |  |  | $ | 7,489.5 |

• | Clinical Services (provided by the PCT Segment) were approximately $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing a decrease of approximately $0.4 million or 7%. The decrease is principally a result of two factors, (i) a reduction of our clients’ patient enrollment in their clinical trials, resulting in significant unused capacity during the first quarter of 2017, of which we expect that our clients’ patient enrollment will increase in the second quarter of 2017, and (ii) the conclusion of a contract with a single large client. Clinical Services were comprised of the following:

◦ | Process Development Revenue - Process development revenues were approximately $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. In accordance with our revenue recognition policy, process development revenue is recognized upon contract completion (i.e., when the services under a particular contract are completed). Process development revenue will continue to fluctuate from period to period as a result of our process development revenue recognition policy, and the timing upon when services for a contract are completed. Accordingly, unearned revenue relating to process development contracts increased from $3.1 million as of December 31, 2016 to $3.6 million as of March 31, 2017, representing billings on contracts that have not been completed.

◦ | Clinical Manufacturing Revenue - Clinical manufacturing revenues were approximately $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. Clinical manufacturing revenues are driven by the number of patients our customers have enrolled and treated in clinical trials, which number varies depending on the stage of the clinical trial.

• | Clinical Services Reimbursables (provided by the PCT Segment) were approximately $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing an increase of approximately $0.4 million, or 32%. Generally, clinical services reimbursables correlate with clinical services revenues. However, differences in the cost of supplies to be reimbursed can vary greatly from contract to contract based on the cost of supplies needed for each client's manufacturing and development process and may impact this correlation. In addition, PCT's terms for billing reimbursable expenses do not include a significant mark-up in the acquisition cost of such consumables, and as a result, changes in this revenue category have little impact on gross margin and net loss.

• | Processing and Storage Services (provided by the PCT Segment) were approximately $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing an increase of approximately $0.3 million or 30%. The increase was primarily due to higher volume for PCT's oncology stem cell processing services.

Operating Costs and Expenses
For the three months ended March 31, 2017, operating costs and expenses totaled $17.5 million compared to $18.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing a decrease of $1.1 million, or 6%. Operating costs and expenses were comprised of the following:

• | Cost of revenues (incurred in the PCT Segment) were approximately $8.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing an increase of $1.8 million, or 29%. Overall, negative gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was negative $0.1 million, or negative 2%, compared to gross margin of $1.3 million, or 17% for the three months ended March 31, 2016. PCT had significant unused capacity during the first quarter of 2017 which resulted in the negative gross profit. We expect that our clients’ patient enrollment will increase in the second quarter of 2017 resulting in increased revenue, increased capacity utilization, and a return to positive gross profit. Gross margin percentages will also fluctuate from period to period due to the mix of service and reimbursable revenues and costs.

• | Research and development (primarily incurred in the R&D Segment) expenses were approximately $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing a decrease of approximately $2.4 million, or 41%.

◦ | Immune Modulation - Immune modulation expenses, reported in our R&D Segment, including expenses associated with our Phase 2 study of CLBS03 in T1D, were $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

◦ | Ischemic Repair - Ischemic repair expenses, reported in our R&D Segment, were $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The decrease is primarily due to lower program expenses associated with the decision to only conduct clinical study activity for a critical limb ischemia development program in Japan with a partner, and diminishing wind down expenses associated with the close-out activities of the PreSERVE-AMI Phase 2 study for CLBS10.

◦ | Other - Other research and development expenses were $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The decrease is related to $1.3 million of close-out activities for the Intus Phase 3 clinical trial for the immunotherapy product candidate CLBS20,

29

Index
announced in January 2016, along with $1.2 million of associated one-time restructuring costs for severance and asset impairments during the three months ended March 31, 2016, all reported in our R&D Segment. These decreases were partially offset by higher engineering and innovation initiatives reported in our PCT Segment.

• | Selling, general and administrative expenses (incurred and shared in both the PCT and R&D Segments) were approximately $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing a decrease of approximately $0.5 million, or 8%. Non-equity-based general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 were approximately $5.5 million, compared to approximately $5.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing a decrease of $0.3 million. The decrease was primarily related to operational and compensation-related cost reductions compared to the prior year period. This decrease was offset by transaction-related expenses associated with the Purchase Agreement signed on March 16, 2017, by and among Caladrius, PCT and Hitachi America, pursuant to which Hitachi America has agreed to acquire the 80.1% membership interest in PCT. Equity-based compensation included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was approximately $0.4 million, compared to approximately $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing a decrease of $0.2 million.

Historically, to minimize our use of cash, we have used a variety of equity and equity-linked instruments to compensate employees, consultants and other service providers. The use of these instruments has resulted in charges to the results of operations, which have been significant in the past.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared with $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, and is primarily related to interest expense on the loan from Oxford Finance LLC ("Oxford Finance").
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision from income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 relates to the taxable temporary differences on the goodwill recognized in the PCT acquisition in 2011, which is being amortized over 15 years for tax purposes.
A tax provision will continue to be recognized each period over the amortization period, and will only reverse when the goodwill is eliminated through a sale, impairment, or reclassification from an indefinite-lived asset to a finite-lived asset.
Analysis of Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2017, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $12.0 million, negative working capital of approximately $1.3 million, and stockholders’ equity of approximately $0.8 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we met our immediate cash requirements through revenue generated from our PCT operations, cash received from the transaction with Hitachi, proceeds from the issuances of our common stock, and existing cash balances. Additionally, we used equity and equity-linked instruments to pay for services and compensation.
Net cash provided by or used in operating, investing and financing activities from continuing operations were as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (10,087.9 | ) |  | $ | (8,028.3 | )
Net cash used in investing activities | (171.3 | ) |  | (1,044.8 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities | 7,551.8 |  |  | 14,180.9 |

Operating Activities
Our cash used in operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2017 totaled approximately $10.1 million, which is the sum of (i) our net loss of $9.8 million, adjusted for non-cash expenses totaling $1.3 million (which includes adjustments for equity-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, loss on disposal of assets, and deferred tax liabilities), and (ii) changes in operating assets and liabilities using approximately $1.6 million.
30

Index
Our cash used in operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2016 totaled approximately $8.0 million, which is the sum of (i) our net loss of $12.0 million, adjusted for non-cash expenses totaling $2.2 million (which includes adjustments for equity-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, loss on disposal of assets, and deferred tax liabilities), and (ii) changes in operating assets and liabilities providing approximately $1.8 million.
Investing Activities

• | During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we spent approximately $0.2 million for property and equipment.

• | During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we spent approximately $1.0 million for property and equipment.

Financing Activities
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, our financing activities consisted of the following:

• | We received $5.0 million from Hitachi as an advance payment for the potential sale of our remaining 80.1% membership interest in PCT.

• | We paid $0.8 million in principal payments on our long term debt to Oxford Finance.

• | On March 22, 2017, Sanford Health agreed to waive the conditions for the Second Closing (achievement of the enrollment of 70 subjects in our Phase 2 CLBS03 clinical trial) and purchased 423,729 shares of our common stock, relating to the September 2016 private placement offering, resulting in gross proceeds to us of $2.0 million.

• | We raised gross proceeds of approximately $1.2 million through the issuance of approximately 210,506 shares of our common stock under the provisions of our Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Aspire.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, our financing activities consisted of the following:

• | Hitachi purchased a 19.9% membership interest in PCT for $19.4 million.

• | We raised $1.0 million in a private placement through the issuance of 141,844 shares of common stock and two-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 141,844 shares our common stock, at an exercise price of $10.00 per share.

• | Upon execution of the March 2016 Hitachi Transaction, we paid $6.3 million in principal payments on our long term debt to Oxford Finance.

Liquidity and Capital Requirements Outlook
Liquidity (assuming Sale Closes in the Second Quarter of 2017)
The Sale may constitute the sale of substantially all of our property and assets under Delaware law, and we are therefore seeking the approval of the Sale by our stockholders which is expected in the second quarter of 2017. The Company received the Initial Payment in the first quarter of 2017. If the Sale closes, we expect to receive the remainder of the Purchase Price (other than the $5.0 million paid into escrow and the milestone payment) in the second quarter of 2017. We believe that the expected cash on hand from the Sale will enable us to fund the development of CLBS03 and other operating expenses for at least the next 12 months following the issuance of our financial statements, as well as to repay our outstanding loan with Oxford Finance in 2017.
Liquidity (assuming the Sale Does Not Close)
If we do not consummate the Sale, we will require significant additional capital to fund the development of CLBS03 and other operating expenses, to grow the PCT business, and to make principal and interest payments on our loan with Oxford Finance. To meet our short and long term liquidity needs, we expect to use existing cash balances, additional cash that may be received if certain milestones are met (as described below) pursuant to the private placement purchase agreements we entered into in September 2016, to use cash from our revenue generating activities, and a variety of other means, including raising capital through our common stock purchase agreements with Aspire Capital. Other sources of liquidity could include additional potential issuances of debt or equity securities in public or private financings, partnerships and/or collaborations and/or sale of assets. In addition, we will continue to seek, as appropriate, grants for scientific and clinical studies from various governmental agencies and foundations. It is, however, likely that the business will suffer severe financial constraints if the Sale doe not Close.
31

Index
In September 2016, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with a single institutional investor pursuant to which we issued in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of 0.8 million shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $4.72 per share. The gross proceeds to us from the registered direct offering of the shares of common stock were $4.0 million. In concurrent private placements, in September 2016, we entered into Private Placement Purchase Agreements with certain accredited investors for the sale of common stock, at a purchase price of $4.72 per share. However, we terminated the Private Placement Purchase Agreement with one accredited investor for failure to make payment. The investments, net of the terminated agreement, were placed in two tranches: (i) $6.6 million upon an initial closing (the “Initial Closing”), and (ii) $4.4 million, subject to certain conditions, including the enrollment of 70 subjects in our Phase 2 CLBS03 clinical trial, in a second closing (the “Second Closing”). We received the Initial Closing tranche in 2016 and issued 1.4 million shares of common stock. In March 2017, Sanford Health agreed to waive the conditions for the Second Closing and we received $2.0 million of the Second Closing tranche and issued 0.4 million shares of common stock. We expect to receive the balance in 2017.
On March 2016, we and PCT entered into a global collaboration that includes licensing, development and equity, with Hitachi, a Japanese-based global conglomerate with a growing franchise in life sciences including regenerative medicine, for an aggregate of $25.0 million in cash, which was received in 2016.
In March 2016, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, pursuant to which we issued and sold in a private placement an aggregate of 141,844 shares of common stock and two-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 141,844 shares of our common stock, at an exercise price of $10.00 per share. The unit purchase price for a share of our common stock and warrant to purchase one share of our common stock was $7.05 per unit, with $1.0 million of gross proceeds received by us.
In November 2015, we entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital (the "Aspire Agreement"), whereby we can sell to Aspire Capital, subject to terms and conditions under the Aspire Agreement as well as NASDAQ rules, the lesser of (i) $30 million of common stock or (ii) the dollar value of approximately 1.1 million shares of common stock based on the market price of the common stock at the time of such sale as determined under the Purchase Agreement. We have issued 319,776 shares under the Aspire Agreement for gross proceeds of $1.5 million.
In September 2014, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with Oxford Finance LLC and received $15.0 million in gross proceeds. We have been making interest-only payments on the outstanding amount of the loan on a monthly basis at a rate of 8.50% per annum. On March 11, 2016, upon execution of the March 2016 Hitachi Transaction, we and Oxford Finance LLC entered into an amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement whereby (i) we paid $7.0 million to Oxford Finance LLC, comprised of principal, interest and early termination fees, (ii) we subsidiaries PCT, PCT Allendale, LLC, and NeoStem Family Storage, LLC (collectively the "Removed Borrowers") were removed as borrowers under the Loan, (iii) Oxford Finance LLC's security interests in any and all assets of the Removed Borrowers were released, (iv) the interest only period on the remaining outstanding Loan balance was extended until January 1, 2017. In September 2016, we paid $3.0 million to repay a portion of the outstanding loan with Oxford Finance. The loan matures on September 1, 2018. As of March 31, 2017, the outstanding principal amount under the loan was $4.9 million.
Other sources of liquidity could include additional potential issuances of debt or equity securities in public or private financings, additional warrant exercises, option exercises, partnerships and/or collaborations, and/or sale of assets. Our history of operating losses and liquidity challenges, may make it difficult for us to raise capital on acceptable terms or at all. The demand for the equity and debt of biopharmaceutical companies like ours is dependent upon many factors, including the general state of the financial markets. During times of extreme market volatility, capital may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. Our inability to obtain such additional capital could materially and adversely affect our business operations.
While we continue to seek capital through a number of means, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all, and our negotiating position in capital generating efforts may worsen as existing resources are used. Additional equity financing may be dilutive to our stockholders; debt financing, if available, may involve significant cash payment obligations and covenants that restrict our ability to operate as a business; our stock price may not reach levels necessary to induce option or warrant exercises; and asset sales may not be possible on terms we consider acceptable. If we are unable to access capital necessary to meet our long-term liquidity needs, we may have to delay or discontinue the development of CLBS03, and/or the expansion of our business or raise funds on terms that we currently consider unfavorable. Our recurring losses and our need to raise substantial capital raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for the next 12 months following the issuance of the financial statements.
Seasonality
We do not believe that our operations are seasonal in nature.
32

Index
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to those reported in our 2016 Form 10-K.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Due to the inherent limitations of control systems, not all misstatements may be detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. Controls and procedures can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the above objectives have been met.
As of March 31, 2017, we carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective, at the reasonable assurance level, in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15, that occurred during our last quarter to which this Quarterly Report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
33

Index
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
There are no material changes to the disclosures previously reported in our 2016 Form 10-K.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously reported in our 2016 Form 10-K. See the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on our 2016 Form 10-K under the caption "Item 1 A - Risk Factors."
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
34

Index
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The Exhibit Index appearing immediately after the signature page to this Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.
35

Index
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC.
May 15, 2017 |  | By: /s/ David J. Mazzo, PhD Name: David J. Mazzo, PhD Title: Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
May 15, 2017 |  | By: /s/ Joseph Talamo Name: Joseph Talamo Title: Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

36

Index
CALADRIUS BIOSCIENCES, INC.
FORM 10Q
Exhibit Index

31.1* | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2* | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1** | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2** | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

_______________

* | Filed herewith.
** | Furnished herewith.

37