The Business	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
The Business [Abstract]
The Business	The Business OVERVIEW Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. (“we,” “us,” "our," “Caladrius” or the “Company”) is a company developing cellular therapeutics to treat certain diseases. We leverage specialized development expertise to selectively advance therapeutic product candidates to their next significant development milestone and, if appropriate, partner such candidates. Our most advanced product candidate, CLBS03, is an autologous polyclonal regulatory T cell ("Treg") clinical phase 2 therapy targeting children aged 8-17 with recent-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus ("T1D"). We also have phase 2 studies either underway or due to commence shortly involving our CD34 cell therapy for ischemic repair. Immunomodulation (Treg Technology) We are developing strategically, through the utilization of our core development expertise, a product candidate (CLBS03) that has the potential to be an innovative therapy for T1D. This therapy is based on a proprietary platform technology for immunomodulation. We have selected as an initial target the unmet medical need of patients who are newly diagnosed with T1D, most of whom will be under the age of 18. This program is based on the use of Tregs to treat diseases caused by imbalances in an individual's immune system. This novel approach seeks to restore immune balance by enhancing Treg number and function. Tregs are a natural part of the human immune system and regulate the activity of effector T cells, the cells that are responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. When Tregs function properly, only harmful foreign materials are attacked by effector T cells. In autoimmune disease, however, it is thought that deficient Treg activity and numbers permit the effector T cells to attack the body's own beneficial cells. In the case of T1D, the beta cells in the pancreas are attacked, thereby reducing and/or eliminating over time the patient's ability to produce insulin. Insulin is necessary to regulate sugar metabolism and maintain proper sugar levels in the blood. Inconsistent or unnatural insulin levels can lead to many complications, including blindness, vascular disease and, if no insulin supplement is provided, even death. There are currently no curative treatments for TID, only lifelong insulin therapy, which often does not prevent serious co-morbidities. Two Phase 1 clinical trials of Treg technology in T1D, taken together demonstrated safety and tolerance, feasibility of manufacturing, an implied durability of effect as well as an early indication of potential therapeutic effect through the preservation of beta cell function. In the first quarter of 2016, we commenced patient enrollment in the first of two cohorts in The Sanford Project: T-Rex Study, a Phase 2 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial (the "TRex Study") to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CLBS03 in adolescents with recent onset TID. We entered into a strategic collaboration with Sanford Research to support the execution of this trial. Sanford Research is a U.S.-based non-profit research organization that supports an emerging translational research center focused on finding a cure for T1D. On February 23, 2017, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ("CIRM") awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The funding will be based upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the proportion of subjects enrolled in California, as well as manufacturing and development costs incurred in California. We received $5.7 million in initial funding on May 4, 2017. CLBS03 has been granted Fast Track and orphan drug designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") as well as Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Product ("ATMP") classification from the European Medicines Agency ("EMA"). In October 2016, we received a satisfactory safety evaluation by our independent Data Safety Monitoring Board based on safety data then available from the first 19 patients enrolled in the trial. A subsequent interim analysis was conducted after approximately 50% of patients reached the six-month follow-up milestone, the results of which were publicly released on March 8, 2018 that the therapy continued to be well tolerated and was deemed non-futile for therapeutic effect. On January 18, 2018, we announced completion of enrollment (110 patients) of the TRex Study. Ischemic Repair (CD34 Cell Technology) Our CD34 cell technology has led to the development of therapeutic product candidates designed to address diseases and conditions caused by ischemia. Ischemia occurs when the supply of oxygenated blood to healthy tissue is restricted. Through the administration of CD34 cells, we seek to promote the development and formation of new blood vessels and thereby increase blood flow to the impacted area. We believe that conditions caused by underlying ischemic injury can be improved through our CD34 cell technology, including critical limb ischemia ("CLI"), coronary microvascular disfunction ("CMD") and refractory angina ("RfA"). Published reports in Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions, Atherosclerosis, Stem Cells and Circulation Journal, provide preliminary evidence that CD34 cell therapy is safe and can exert significant therapeutic effects in patients with CLI, a condition in which blood flow to the legs is severely impaired, causing pain and non-healing ulcers and, ultimately, potentially resulting in the need for amputation. Our Clinical Trial Notification for a pivotal Phase 2 trial investigating our product candidate in CLI CLBS12 was submitted to the Japanese Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency ("PMDA") and was cleared to proceed. The protocol design was agreed to with PMDA, the study was opened for enrollment in December 2017 and treatment or the first patient was announced in March 2018. Based on our discussions with the PMDA, we expect that a successful outcome of this trial will qualify CLBS12 for consideration of early conditional approval in Japan. In anticipation of a successful trial outcome and the possibility of conditional approval, we continue to seek a local partner for CLBS12 in Japan. Furthermore, we submitted grant applications in an effort to seek non-dilutive financing to investigate the CD34 technology for additional clinical indications in the United States and on October 2, 2017 we announced the award of a $1.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to support a clinical study of CD34 cells in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction and we are targeting the initiation of the study by the second quarter of 2018. Additional Out-licensing Opportunities Our broad intellectual property portfolio of cell therapy assets includes notable programs available for out-licensing in order to continue their clinical development. These include additional indications for our Treg product and additional indications for our CD34 cell technology. Our current long-term strategy focuses on advancing our therapies through development with the aim of eventually obtaining market authorization, either alone or with partners, to provide treatment options to patients suffering from life-threatening medical conditions. We believe that we are positioned to realize potentially meaningful value increases within our own proprietary pipeline if we are successful advancing our product candidates to their next significant development milestones. Discontinued Operations On May 18, 2017, we completed the previously announced sale of our remaining 80.1% membership interest in PCT, LLC, a Caladrius company ("PCT") to Hitachi Chemical Co. America, Ltd. ("Hitachi"), pursuant to the Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") dated as of March 16, 2017, by and among us, PCT and Hitachi (the "2017 Hitachi Transaction"), for $75.0 million in cash plus an additional cash adjustment of $4.4 million based on PCT’s cash and outstanding indebtedness as of the closing date and a potential future milestone payment (see Note 3). The sale of PCT represented a strategic shift that has had a major effect on our operations, and therefore, all periods presented were adjusted to reflect PCT as discontinued operations. PCT is now known as Hitachi Chemical Advanced Therapeutic Systems (HCATS). Basis of Presentation The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In the opinion of management, the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and its subsidiaries include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates also affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company makes critical estimates and assumptions in determining stock-based awards values and income taxes. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it is important to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and if it requires management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments in its application. Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. and its wholly-owned and partially-owned subsidiaries and affiliates, as well as the operations of our former subsidiaries PCT, LLC, a Caladrius company, NeoStem Family Storage, LLC, and PCT Allendale, LLC entities (collectively the "PCT Segment") through May 18, 2017, representing the date which these entities were sold to Hitachi (see Note 3). The PCT Segment is reported in discontinued operations. All intercompany activities have been eliminated in consolidation, except for intercompany activities between Caladrius and the PCT Segment, which are reported without intercompany eliminations in continuing operations and discontinued operations, respectively.

The Business

OVERVIEW

Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. (“we,” “us,” "our," “Caladrius” or the “Company”) is a company developing cellular therapeutics to treat certain diseases. We leverage specialized development expertise to selectively advance therapeutic product candidates to their next significant development milestone and, if appropriate, partner such candidates. Our most advanced product candidate, CLBS03, is an autologous polyclonal regulatory T cell ("Treg") clinical phase 2 therapy targeting children aged 8-17 with recent-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus ("T1D"). We also have phase 2 studies either underway or due to commence shortly involving our CD34 cell therapy for ischemic repair.

Immunomodulation (Treg Technology)

We are developing strategically, through the utilization of our core development expertise, a product candidate (CLBS03) that has the potential to be an innovative therapy for T1D. This therapy is based on a proprietary platform technology for immunomodulation. We have selected as an initial target the unmet medical need of patients who are newly diagnosed with T1D, most of whom will be under the age of 18. This program is based on the use of Tregs to treat diseases caused by imbalances in an individual's immune system. This novel approach seeks to restore immune balance by enhancing Treg number and function. Tregs are a natural part of the human immune system and regulate the activity of effector T cells, the cells that are responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. When Tregs function properly, only harmful foreign materials are attacked by effector T cells. In autoimmune disease, however, it is thought that deficient Treg activity and numbers permit the effector T cells to attack the body's own beneficial cells. In the case of T1D, the beta cells in the pancreas are attacked, thereby reducing and/or eliminating over time the patient's ability to produce insulin. Insulin is necessary to regulate sugar metabolism and maintain proper sugar levels in the blood. Inconsistent or unnatural insulin levels can lead to many complications, including blindness, vascular disease and, if no insulin supplement is provided, even death. There are currently no curative treatments for TID, only lifelong insulin therapy, which often does not prevent serious co-morbidities. Two Phase 1 clinical trials of Treg technology in T1D, taken together demonstrated safety and tolerance, feasibility of manufacturing, an implied durability of effect as well as an early indication of potential therapeutic effect through the preservation of beta cell function. In the first quarter of 2016, we commenced patient enrollment in the first of two cohorts in The Sanford Project: T-Rex Study, a Phase 2 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial (the "TRex Study") to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CLBS03 in adolescents with recent onset TID. We entered into a strategic collaboration with Sanford Research to support the execution of this trial. Sanford Research is a U.S.-based non-profit research organization that supports an emerging translational research center focused on finding a cure for T1D. On February 23, 2017, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ("CIRM") awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The funding will be based upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the proportion of subjects enrolled in California, as well as manufacturing and development costs incurred in California. We received $5.7 million in initial funding on May 4, 2017. CLBS03 has been granted Fast Track and orphan drug designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") as well as Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Product ("ATMP") classification from the European Medicines Agency ("EMA"). In October 2016, we received a satisfactory safety evaluation by our independent Data Safety Monitoring Board based on safety data then available from the first 19 patients enrolled in the trial. A subsequent interim analysis was conducted after approximately 50% of patients reached the six-month follow-up milestone, the results of which were publicly released on March 8, 2018 that the therapy continued to be well tolerated and was deemed non-futile for therapeutic effect. On January 18, 2018, we announced completion of enrollment (110 patients) of the TRex Study.

Ischemic Repair (CD34 Cell Technology)

Our CD34 cell technology has led to the development of therapeutic product candidates designed to address diseases and conditions caused by ischemia. Ischemia occurs when the supply of oxygenated blood to healthy tissue is restricted. Through the administration of CD34 cells, we seek to promote the development and formation of new blood vessels and thereby increase blood flow to the impacted area. We believe that conditions caused by underlying ischemic injury can be improved through our CD34 cell technology, including critical limb ischemia ("CLI"), coronary microvascular disfunction ("CMD") and refractory angina ("RfA"). Published reports in Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions, Atherosclerosis, Stem Cells and Circulation Journal, provide preliminary evidence that CD34 cell therapy is safe and can exert significant therapeutic effects in patients with CLI, a condition in which blood flow to the legs is severely impaired, causing pain and non-healing ulcers and, ultimately, potentially resulting in the need for amputation. Our Clinical Trial Notification for a pivotal Phase 2 trial investigating our product candidate in CLI CLBS12 was submitted to the Japanese Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency ("PMDA") and was cleared to proceed. The protocol design was agreed to with PMDA, the study was opened for enrollment in December 2017 and treatment or the first patient was announced in March 2018. Based on our discussions with the PMDA, we expect that a successful outcome of this trial will qualify CLBS12 for consideration of early conditional approval in Japan. In anticipation of a successful trial outcome and the possibility of conditional approval, we continue to seek a local partner for CLBS12 in Japan. Furthermore, we submitted grant applications in an effort to seek non-dilutive financing to investigate the CD34 technology for additional clinical indications in the United States and on October 2, 2017 we announced the award of a $1.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to support a clinical study of CD34 cells in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction and we are targeting the initiation of the study by the second quarter of 2018.

Additional Out-licensing Opportunities

Our broad intellectual property portfolio of cell therapy assets includes notable programs available for out-licensing in order to continue their clinical development. These include additional indications for our Treg product and additional indications for our CD34 cell technology.

Our current long-term strategy focuses on advancing our therapies through development with the aim of eventually obtaining market authorization, either alone or with partners, to provide treatment options to patients suffering from life-threatening medical conditions. We believe that we are positioned to realize potentially meaningful value increases within our own proprietary pipeline if we are successful advancing our product candidates to their next significant development milestones.

Discontinued Operations

On May 18, 2017, we completed the previously announced sale of our remaining 80.1% membership interest in PCT, LLC, a Caladrius company ("PCT") to Hitachi Chemical Co. America, Ltd. ("Hitachi"), pursuant to the Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") dated as of March 16, 2017, by and among us, PCT and Hitachi (the "2017 Hitachi Transaction"), for $75.0 million in cash plus an additional cash adjustment of $4.4 million based on PCT’s cash and outstanding indebtedness as of the closing date and a potential future milestone payment (see Note 3). The sale of PCT represented a strategic shift that has had a major effect on our operations, and therefore, all periods presented were adjusted to reflect PCT as discontinued operations. PCT is now known as Hitachi Chemical Advanced Therapeutic Systems (HCATS).

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In the opinion of management, the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and its subsidiaries include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates also affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company makes critical estimates and assumptions in determining stock-based awards values and income taxes. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it is important to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and if it requires management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments in its application.

Principles of Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. and its wholly-owned and partially-owned subsidiaries and affiliates, as well as the operations of our former subsidiaries PCT, LLC, a Caladrius company, NeoStem Family Storage, LLC, and PCT Allendale, LLC entities (collectively the "PCT Segment") through May 18, 2017, representing the date which these entities were sold to Hitachi (see Note 3). The PCT Segment is reported in discontinued operations. All intercompany activities have been eliminated in consolidation, except for intercompany activities between Caladrius and the PCT Segment, which are reported without intercompany eliminations in continuing operations and discontinued operations, respectively.