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Stockholders' Equity | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2021
Equity [Abstract] |
Stockholders' Equity | Stockholders' Equity Equity Issuances Purchase Agreement In March 2019, the Company and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”) entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) and a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company has the right to sell to Lincoln Park shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate value of up to $26.0 million, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement (the “Offering”). As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued to Lincoln Park an additional 181,510 shares of common stock as commitment shares. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park purchased 250,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share, for a total gross purchase price of $1.0 million (the “Initial Purchase”) upon commencement. Thereafter, as often as every business day from and after one business day following the date of the Initial Purchase and over the 36-month term of the Purchase Agreement the Company has the right, from time to time, at its sole discretion and subject to certain conditions, to direct Lincoln Park to purchase up to 100,000 shares of common stock, with such amount increasing as the closing sale price of the common stock increases; provided Lincoln Park’s obligation under any single such purchase will not exceed $2.5 million, unless the Company and Lincoln Park mutually agree to increase the maximum amount of such single purchase (each, a “Regular Purchase”). If the Company directs Lincoln Park to purchase the maximum number of shares of common stock it then may sell in a Regular Purchase, then in addition to such Regular Purchase, and subject to certain conditions and limitations in the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct Lincoln Park in an “accelerated purchase” to purchase an additional amount of common stock that may not exceed the lesser of (i) 300% the number of shares purchased pursuant to the corresponding Regular Purchase or (ii) 30% of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock traded during a specified period on the applicable purchase date as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Under certain circumstances and in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct Lincoln Park to purchase shares in multiple accelerated purchases on the same trading day. The Company controls the timing and amount of any sales of its common stock to Lincoln Park. There is no upper limit on the price per share that Lincoln Park must pay for its common stock under the Purchase Agreement, but in no event will shares be sold to Lincoln Park on a day the closing price is less than the floor price specified in the Purchase Agreement. In all instances, the Company may not sell shares of its common stock to Lincoln Park under the purchase agreement if it would result in Lincoln Park beneficially owning more than 9.99% of its common stock. The Purchase Agreement does not limit the Company’s ability to raise capital from other sources at the Company’s sole discretion, except that (subject to certain exceptions) the Company may not enter into any Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Purchase Agreement, including the issuance of any floating conversion rate or variable priced equity-like securities) during the 36 months after the date of the Purchase Agreement. The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time, at no cost to the Company. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had not made any sales of common stock to Lincoln Park under the Purchase Agreement other than the Initial Purchase. Common Stock Sales Agreement In February 2018, the Company entered into a common stock sales agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC ("HCW") as sales agent, which was subsequently amended in August 2018 (the "Sales Agreement"), in connection with an “at the market offering” under which the Company from time to time may offer and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of not more than $25.0 million. In March 2019, subsequent to the filing of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (the "2018 Form 10-K"), the aggregate market value of its outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $52.8 million. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, since the aggregate market value of the Company's outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates was below $75.0 million at the time of its 2018 Form 10-K filing, the aggregate amount of securities that the Company was permitted to offer and sell at such time was reduced to $17.6 million (or a maximum of 4.8 million shares), which was equal to one-third of the aggregate market value of its common stock held by non-affiliates at such time. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, HCW will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the shares from time to time, based upon the Company's instructions, including any price, time or size limits specified by the Company. The Company has provided HCW with customary indemnification rights, and HCW will be entitled to a commission at a fixed commission rate equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds per share sold. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares and may at any time suspend sales under the Sales Agreement or terminate the Sales Agreement. The Sales Agreement will terminate upon the sale of all of the shares under the Sales Agreement unless terminated earlier by either party as permitted under the Sales Agreement. On February 12, 2021, the Company suspended the use of the at-the-market transactions facility (the “ATM”) and terminated the continuous offering pursuant to the Common Stock Sales Agreement (“Sales Agreement”) entered into in February 2018 with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“HCW”). The Company will no longer make any sales of its common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement unless and until a new prospectus supplement is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. As of February 12, 2021, the Company had sold an aggregate of 3,784,912 shares of its common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement for net proceeds of $9.5 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company had not issued any shares under the Sales Agreement. Registered Direct Offerings In February 2021, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Institutional Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional investors (the “Institutional Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the Institutional Purchase Agreement, the Company sold to the Institutional Purchasers in a registered direct offering an aggregate of 24,906,134 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 12,453,067 shares of its common stock at a combined purchase price equal to $2.45 per share and associated warrant. Each warrant features an exercise price equal to $2.90 per share, is exercisable immediately upon issuance and will expire five years from the issuance date. Additionally, in a concurrent non-brokered registered direct offering, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Additional Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Additional Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the Additional Purchase Agreement, the Company sold to the Additional Purchasers an aggregate of 1,632,652 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 816,326 shares of its common stock at a combined purchase price equal to $2.45 per share and associated warrant. Each warrant features an exercise price equal to $2.90 per share, is exercisable immediately upon issuance and will expire five years from the issuance date. In connection with the registered direct offerings, the Company received gross proceeds of approximately $65.0 million. Private Placement In January 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “January Private Placement”) with certain investors (the “January Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the January Private Placement, the Company agreed to sell to the January Purchasers an aggregate of 12,500,000 shares of its common stock at a purchase price equal to $2.00 per share, along with warrants to purchase an aggregate of 6,250,000 shares of its common stock. In connection with the January Private Placement, the Company received gross proceeds of $25.0 million. Each warrant is exercisable for one share of common stock and features an exercise price equal to $2.90 per share. The warrants are exercisable immediately upon issuance and will expire five and one-half years from the issuance date. Warrant Exercises In January 2021, the Company issued 801,148 shares of common stock for net proceeds of $1.8 million in connection with warrant exercises associated with the April 23, 2020 securities purchase agreement and the May 25, 2020 securities purchase agreement. Stock Options and Warrants The following table summarizes the activity for stock options and warrants for the three months ended March 31, 2021:
|  | Stock Options |  | Warrants
|  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands) |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 |  | 963,700 |  |  | $ | 14.64 |  |  | 5.86 |  | $ | — |  |  | 2,638,355 |  |  | $ | 2.18 |  |  | 4.98 |  | $ | — |
Changes during the period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  | 155,150 |  |  | 1.60 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19,519,393 |  |  | 2.90 |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  | (7,250) |  |  | 3.28 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (801,148) |  |  | 2.19 |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  | (7,017) |  |  | 2.20 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Expired |  | (82,359) |  |  | 6.54 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at March 31, 2021 |  | 1,022,224 |  |  | $ | 13.48 |  |  | 6.67 |  | $ | — |  |  | 21,356,600 |  |  | $ | 2.84 |  |  | 4.98 |  | $ | — |
Vested at March 31, 2021 or expected to vest in the future |  | 996,573 |  |  | $ | 13.77 |  |  | 6.60 |  | $ | — |  |  | 21,356,600 |  |  | $ | 2.84 |  |  | 4.98 |  | $ | — |
Vested at March 31, 2021 |  | 765,479 |  |  | $ | 17.08 |  |  | 5.87 |  | $ | — |  |  | 21,356,600 |  |  | $ | 2.80 |  |  | 4.98 |  | $ | — |
Restricted Stock During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company issued restricted stock for services as follows ($ in thousands):
|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020
Number of restricted stock issued |  | 300,450 |  |  | 156,184 |
Value of restricted stock issued |  | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 512 |
Restricted Stock Units During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company issued restricted stock units for services as follows ($ in thousands, except share data):
| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2021 |  | 2020
Number of restricted stock units issued | 458,245 |  |  | 195,320 |
Value of restricted stock units issued | $ | 729 |  |  | $ | 623 |
The weighted average estimated fair value of restricted stock issued for services in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $1.59 and $3.19 per share, respectively. The fair value of the restricted stock units was determined using the Company’s closing stock price on the date of issuance. The vesting terms of restricted stock unit issuances are generally one year, or upon the achievement of performance-based milestones.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120397183&loc=d3e187085-122770 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762 + Details
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