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Stockholders' Equity
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity Stockholders' Equity
Reverse Stock Split
On September 14, 2022, in connection with the merger, we implemented the Reverse Stock Split, as described in Note 1. All share and per share amounts of common stock, options and warrants in the accompanying financial statements have been restated for all periods presented to give retroactive effect to the Reverse Stock Split. Accordingly, the consolidated statements of equity reflect the impact of the Reverse Stock Split by reclassifying from “common stock” to “additional paid-in capital” in an amount equal to the par value of the decreased shares resulting from the Reverse Stock Split.
Equity Issuances
Purchase Agreement
In March 2019, the Company and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”) entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) and a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company has the right to sell to Lincoln Park shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate value of up to $26.0 million, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement (the “Offering”). As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued to Lincoln Park an additional 181,510 shares of common stock as commitment shares.
Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park purchased 250,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share, for a total gross purchase price of $1.0 million (the “Initial Purchase”) upon commencement. Thereafter, as often as every business day from and after one business day following the date of the Initial Purchase and over the 36-month term of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, from time to time, at its sole discretion and subject to certain conditions, to direct Lincoln Park to purchase up to 100,000 shares of common stock, with such amount increasing as the closing sale price of the common stock increases; provided Lincoln Park’s obligation under any single such purchase will not exceed $2.5 million, unless the Company and Lincoln Park mutually agree to increase the maximum amount of such single purchase (each, a “Regular Purchase”). If the Company directs Lincoln Park to purchase the maximum number of shares of common stock it then may sell in a Regular Purchase, then in addition to such Regular Purchase, and subject to certain conditions and limitations in the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct Lincoln Park in an “accelerated purchase” to purchase an additional amount
of common stock that may not exceed the lesser of (i) 300% the number of shares purchased pursuant to the corresponding Regular Purchase or (ii) 30% of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock traded during a specified period on the applicable purchase date as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Under certain circumstances and in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct Lincoln Park to purchase shares in multiple accelerated purchases on the same trading day.
The Company controls the timing and amount of any sales of its common stock to Lincoln Park. There is no upper limit on the price per share that Lincoln Park must pay for its common stock under the Purchase Agreement, but in no event will shares be sold to Lincoln Park on a day the closing price is less than the floor price specified in the Purchase Agreement. In all instances, the Company may not sell shares of its common stock to Lincoln Park under the purchase agreement if it would result in Lincoln Park beneficially owning more than 9.99% of its common stock.
The Purchase Agreement does not limit the Company’s ability to raise capital from other sources at the Company’s sole discretion, except that (subject to certain exceptions) the Company may not enter into any Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Purchase Agreement, including the issuance of any floating conversion rate or variable priced equity-like securities) during the 36 months after the date of the Purchase Agreement. The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time, at no cost to the Company.
As of September 30, 2022, the Company had not made any sales of common stock to Lincoln Park under the Purchase Agreement other than the Initial Purchase. The agreement expired on April 1, 2022.
At The Market Offering Agreement
On June 4, 2021, the Company entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, as sales agent, in connection with an “at the market offering” under which the Company from time to time may offer and sell shares of its common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and since inception, the Company has not issued any shares under the ATM Agreement.
Common Stock
In connection with the Merger close, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,772,768 shares of common stock, based on the Exchange Ratio, to holders of Cend, in exchange for all of the Cend capital stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the Merger.
Stock Options and Warrants
In connection with the Merger and after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split, the Company assumed 1,227,776 options outstanding from Cend. The options granted from the Cend Plan are exercisable at various dates as determined upon grant and will expire no more than ten years from their original date of grant. The Cend Plan stock options generally vest over a four-year term. The following table summarizes the activity for stock options and warrants for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:
Stock OptionsWarrants
SharesWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)SharesWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2021142,041 $84.60 7.97$— 1,423,774 $42.57 4.37$— 
Changes during the period:
Granted37,458 13.49 — — 
Assumed through merger1,227,776 3.77 — — 
Exercised— — — — 
Forfeited(2,910)19.96 — — 
Expired(5,388)352.31 — — 
Outstanding at September 30, 20221,398,977 $10.83 7.30$— 1,423,774 $42.57 3.63$— 
Vested at September 30, 2022
 or expected to vest in the future		1,396,921 $10.83 7.30$— 1,423,774 $42.57 3.63$— 
Vested at September 30, 20221,110,635 $11.82 6.97$— 1,423,774 $42.57 3.63$— 


Restricted Stock
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company issued restricted stock for services as follows ($ in thousands):
Nine Months Ended September 30,
  20222021
Number of restricted stock issued70,740 40,863 
Value of restricted stock issued$973 $878 

The vesting terms of restricted stock issuances are generally between one and four years.
Restricted Stock Units
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company issued restricted stock units for services as follows ($ in thousands, except share data):
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20222021
Number of restricted stock units issued111,170 30,549 
Value of restricted stock units issued $1,386 $729 
The weighted average estimated fair value of restricted stock issued for services in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $12.46 and $23.85 per share, respectively. The fair value of the restricted stock units was determined using the Company’s closing stock price on the date of issuance. The vesting terms of restricted stock unit issuances are generally one year, or upon the achievement of performance-based milestones.