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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Income Tax [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Disclosure [Text Block]

18. Income Tax

Income tax expense from continuing operations was approximately $0.6 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax rate on continuing operations was (32.1)% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared with (11.5)% for the same period in 2018.

The difference between the Company’s effective tax rates in 2019 and 2018 compared to the U.S. statutory tax rate of 21% is primarily due to the mix of year-to-date and forecasted income or losses in the U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions, the impact of different tax rates in certain foreign jurisdictions, the impact of the inclusion of foreign income in U.S. taxable income under the GILTI (Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income) tax rules, limitations on interest expense deductions and, in 2018, certain non-deductible acquisition costs. 

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, no income tax expense or benefit was recorded for discontinued operations. In the same period in 2018, income tax benefit for discontinued operations was $0.8 million.