<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001171843-24-002878.txt : 20240514
<SEC-HEADER>0001171843-24-002878.hdr.sgml : 20240514
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20240514172043
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001171843-24-002878
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20240514
ITEM INFORMATION:		Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
FILED AS OF DATE:		20240514
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20240514

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			HARVARD BIOSCIENCE INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001123494
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	LABORATORY ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS [3826]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	08 Industrial Applications and Services
		IRS NUMBER:				043306140
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-33957
		FILM NUMBER:		24945809

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		84 OCTOBER HILL RD
		CITY:			HOLLISTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			01746
		BUSINESS PHONE:		5088938999

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		84 OCTOBER HILL ROAD
		CITY:			HOLLISTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			01746
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>f8k_051424.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 8-K
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:ref="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2023" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" xmlns:HBIO="http://globenewswire.com/20240514">
<head>
     <title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"/>
</head>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_02C_US%2DGAAP%2D2023 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_036_HBIO_globenewswire.com_20240514 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_046_20240514_20240514 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_059_edei%2D%2DAmendmentFlag_false -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_051_edei%2D%2DEntityCentralIndexKey_0001123494 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06B_USD_1_iso4217%2D%2DUSD -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_062_Shares_2_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_USDPShares_3_iso4217%2D%2DUSD_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<body style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<div style="display: none">
<ix:header>
 <ix:hidden>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000003" name="dei:AmendmentFlag">false</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000004" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey">0001123494</ix:nonNumeric>
  </ix:hidden>
 <ix:references>
  <link:schemaRef xlink:href="hbio-20240514.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
  </ix:references>
 <ix:resources>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-05-14">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001123494</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-05-14</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-05-14</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:unit id="USD">
      <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="USDPShares">
      <xbrli:divide>
        <xbrli:unitNumerator>
          <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitNumerator>
        <xbrli:unitDenominator>
          <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitDenominator>
      </xbrli:divide>
    </xbrli:unit>
  </ix:resources>
 </ix:header>
</div>


<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>Washington, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 3pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_905_edei--DocumentType_c20240514__20240514_zJv6zsK8Qif9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000009" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 3pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 4pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">Date of Report (Date of earliest event Reported): <span id="xdx_907_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20240514__20240514_zxrOPuEXIKbj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" id="Fact000010" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">May 14, 2024</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20240514__20240514_z2EetzCRnpsh"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000011" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">HARVARD BIOSCIENCE, INC.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 33%"><b><span id="xdx_902_edei--EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_c20240514__20240514_zFDo7O5Xb67a"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" id="Fact000012" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Delaware</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 34%"><b><span id="xdx_902_edei--EntityFileNumber_c20240514__20240514_zZxClwlo1KB1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000013" name="dei:EntityFileNumber">001-33957</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 33%"><b><span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_c20240514__20240514_zcOVeRaytKza"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000014" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">04-3306140</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="text-align: center">(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)</td>
  <td style="text-align: center">(Commission File Number)</td>
  <td style="text-align: center">(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_904_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20240514__20240514_zJ2fYshc5x5h"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000015" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">84 October Hill Road</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_901_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20240514__20240514_zY742LGPnyG5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000016" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Holliston</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20240514__20240514_z0PUxxkl66w7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000017" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">MA</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20240514__20240514_zpfUNSTNwtHe"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000018" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">01746</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_90F_edei--CityAreaCode_c20240514__20240514_zjhsZwGveSSl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000019" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(508)</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span id="xdx_905_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20240514__20240514_z7MTrRV9Xxb2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000020" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">893-8999</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 34pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously
satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 3%; text-align: left"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20240514__20240514_zSe0bbEswfy6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000021" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="width: 97%; padding-left: 7pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20240514__20240514_zeCSkgVDY6U6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000022" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="padding-left: 7pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20240514__20240514_zF9jrWmx1sMc"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000023" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="padding-left: 7pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20240514__20240514_zn5n8oVHeXnl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000024" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="padding-left: 7pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 1.75in 0pt 6.5pt; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border: Black 1pt solid; width: 37%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Title of each class</span></td>
    <td style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 30%; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Trading Symbol(s)</span></td>
    <td style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 33%; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Name of each exchange on which registered</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--Security12bTitle_c20240514__20240514_znQ8BdgwUAA6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000025" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Common Stock, $0.01 par value</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_edei--TradingSymbol_c20240514__20240514_zFw2UIMgEwN6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000026" name="dei:TradingSymbol">HBIO</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20240514__20240514_z2EQtCMqNZd6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" id="Fact000027" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">The NASDAQ Stock Market</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 7pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined
in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167; 230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;
240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 7pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 7pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Emerging growth company <span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20240514__20240514_zziJ4cvZ3MEf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000028" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 8pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected
not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section
13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 8pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 8pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 4pt solid; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="margin: 0pt 8pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0"/><td style="width: 67pt"><b>Item 5.07</b></td><td><b>Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.</b></td></tr></table>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 2.9pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">On May 14, 2024, Harvard Bioscience, Inc. (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Company</span>&#8221;) held
its 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, at which the Company&#8217;s stockholders voted on three proposals that are described in detail
in the Company&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2024.</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 2.9pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 2.9pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">The voting results for each of the proposals are reported below.</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Proposal 1 - Election of Director</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">The Company&#8217;s stockholders elected one Class III Director for a three-year term, such
term to continue until the annual meeting of stockholders in 2027 and until such director&#8217;s successor is duly elected and qualified
or until his earlier resignation or removal.</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Name</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes For</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes Withheld</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Broker Non-Votes</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 46%">Alan Edrick</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 15%">19,722,574</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 15%">10,861,497</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 15%">4,292,458</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 1%">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Proposal 2 &#8211;Ratification of the Appointment of Grant Thornton LLP</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 14pt 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">The Company&#8217;s stockholders ratified the appointment of Grant Thornton LLP as
the Company&#8217;s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. There were no broker non-votes
on this proposal.</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes For</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes Against</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes Abstained</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 31%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">34,794,995</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 31%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">73,003</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 30%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">8,531</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Proposal 3 &#8211;Approval, by Non-Binding Advisory Vote, of the Compensation
of the Named Executive Officers</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">The Company&#8217;s stockholders approved the compensation of the Company&#8217;s named executive
officers, by a non-binding advisory vote:</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes For</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes Against</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Votes Abstained</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Broker Non-Votes</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 23%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">27,472,149</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 22%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">903,608</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 22%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2,208,314</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 22%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">4,292,458</td><td style="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i></i></b></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 4pt solid; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i></i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25pt; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURE</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>HARVARD BIOSCIENCE, INC.</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date: May 14, 2024</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><span style="font-size: 10pt">/s/ John Fry</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 61%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">John Fry</span></td>
    <td style="width: 24%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Chief Legal Counsel and Secretary</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 3pt auto; width: 100%"><div style="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 4pt solid"></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_08B_extensions -->
<!-- eJxFjd0KgkAQhZ/Adxj2Wkq3usjLpCSyCJHodssplnRHZre/R+otW5VoGBiGc75zhAhFRitdI8NxUeRQYtPWyiEUeEFGc0bvSNebBPwt8KqtY2Vc//7AlDyDnpmNpDx5obc+tMUqgWg2jqdjOYVIJpM57Lci6PSUzEVXaJxWNShTwZ6pZY1O8XtIKNWLDDXvvuqAbDWZBOJRNMgfkFEsYUcP9SS+WcjzVARhP4HImO6tdy1fDk1HwrLGxtfZgf5v8AUJNkqR -->
</body>
</html>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>hbio-20240514.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL SCHEMA FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.22b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: /qkpo7xRiXgen8uJbHxcOaCM6bP9wpB0WZkxsGx0HVk6DyIt+LLFvyKeq8ZmIQkP -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" xmlns:HBIO="http://globenewswire.com/20240514" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://globenewswire.com/20240514">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover" id="Cover">
          <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="hbio-20240514_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="hbio-20240514_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>hbio-20240514_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.22b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
    </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>hbio-20240514_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.22b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover" xlink:href="hbio-20240514.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="loc_deiCoverAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentType" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentType" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="loc_deiCountryRegion" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCountryRegion" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="loc_deiCityAreaCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="loc_deiExtension" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiExtension" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="350" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="360" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_deiTradingSymbol" />
      <link:presentationArc order="370" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiTradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="380" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="390" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="400" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:presentationArc order="410" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:presentationArc order="420" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="430" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:presentationArc order="440" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="450" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="460" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:presentationArc order="470" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:presentationArc order="480" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="490" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:presentationArc order="500" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:presentationArc order="510" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="520" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="530" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:presentationArc order="540" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="550" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.1.1.u2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140658130220704">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 14, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 14,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-33957<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">HARVARD BIOSCIENCE, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001123494<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">04-3306140<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">84 October Hill Road<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Holliston<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">01746<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(508)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">893-8999<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.01 par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">HBIO<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 Financial_Report.xlsx
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M=]W3CHG&K=!X#;[Q3X?#KHG&J]!TZVDF)_VN:Z3I%FA"1N/K>A(5M>5 TR
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M!Z.:60F]A%9JGZJ'-#ZH'C(*!?&Y'C[E>G@*-Y;&O%"N@GL!_]':-\*K^(+
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MU4#E/]O4#6CV#30<D05>,9FV-J/D3@H\W/[O#;#"Q([A[8N_ 5!+ P04
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M%@_&%Q 9Y=VI\0QKRTZ+Y2T].PP_/LG>V)+;.<V"3J9B+7D%=*RHC_#K3),
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MHAVE?QW']I#3Z:]C(K1Z6^CY<6A4"H[<8R6,<6*T_C6"R0_L?@!02P,$%
M  @ E(JN6*K$(A8S 0  (@(   \   !X;"]W;W)K8F]O:RYX;6R-4=%NPC ,
M_)4J'[ 6M"$-45Y VY"F#8V)]]"ZU"*)*\>%C:^?VZH:TE[VE-S9NMQ=%A?B
MTX'HE'QY%V)N:I%FGJ:QJ,';>$<-!)U4Q-Z*0CZFL6&P9:P!Q+MTFF6SU%L,
M9KD8M;:<W@(2* 0I*-D1>X1+_)UW,#ECQ ,ZE._<]'<')O$8T.,5RMQD)HDU
M75Z(\4I!K-L53,[E9C(,]L""Q1]ZUYG\M(?8,V(/'U:-Y&:6J6"%'*7?Z/6M
M>CR#+@^H%7I")\!K*_#,U#88CIV,IDAO8O0]C.=0XIS_4R-5%1:PIJ+U$&3H
MD<%U!D.LL8DF"=9#;E9T!N[RZ .;<L@F:NJF*9ZC#GA3#O9&3R54&*!\4YFH
MO/93;#GICEYG>O\P>=0>6N=6RKV'5[+E&''\GN4/4$L#!!0    ( )2*KE@D
M'INBK0   /@!   :    >&PO7W)E;',O=V]R:V)O;VLN>&UL+G)E;'.UD3T.
M@S ,A:\2Y0 U4*E#!4Q=6"LN$ 7S(Q(2Q:X*MR^% 9 Z=&&RGBU_[\E.GV@4
M=VZ@MO,D1FL&RF3+[.\ I%NTBB[.XS!/:A>LXEF&!KS2O6H0DBBZ0=@S9)[N
MF:*<//Y#='7=:7PX_;(X\ \PO%WHJ45D*4H5&N1,PFBV-L%2XLM,EJ*H,AF*
M*I9P6B#BR2!M:59]L$].M.=Y%S?W1:[-XPFNWPQP>'3^ 5!+ P04    " "4
MBJY899!YDAD!  #/ P  $P   %M#;VYT96YT7U1Y<&5S72YX;6RMDTU.PS 0
MA:\295LE+BQ8H*8;8 M=< %C3QJK_I-G6M+;,T[:2J 2%85-K'C>O,^>EZS>
MCQ&PZ)WUV)0=47P4 E4'3F(=(GBNM"$Y2?R:MB)*M9-;$/?+Y8-0P1-XJBA[
ME.O5,[1R;ZEXZ7D;3?!-F<!B63R-PLQJ2AFC-4H2U\7!ZQ^4ZD2HN7/08&<B
M+EA0BJN$7/D=<.I[.T!*1D.QD8E>I6.5Z*U .EK >MKBRAE#VQH%.JB]XY8:
M8P*IL0,@9^O1=#%-)IXPC,^[V?S!9@K(RDT*$3FQ!'_'G2/)W55D(TADIJ]X
M(;+U[/M!3EN#OI'-X_T,:3?D@6)8YL_X>\87_QO.\1'"[K\_L;S63AI_YHOA
M/UY_ 5!+ 0(4 Q0    ( )2*KE@'04UB@0   +$    0              "
M 0    !D;V-0<F]P<R]A<' N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ E(JN6"?8HD'O
M*P(  !$              ( !KP   &1O8U!R;W!S+V-O<F4N>&UL4$L! A0#
M%     @ E(JN6)E<G",0!@  G"<  !,              ( !S0$  'AL+W1H
M96UE+W1H96UE,2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " "4BJY8+[$OODD$  !W$   &
M            @($."   >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#$N>&UL4$L! A0#
M%     @ E(JN6)^@&_"Q @  X@P   T              ( !C0P  'AL+W-T
M>6QE<RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " "4BJY8EXJ[',     3 @  "P
M    @ %I#P  7W)E;',O+G)E;'-02P$"% ,4    " "4BJY8JL0B%C,!   B
M @  #P              @ %2$   >&PO=V]R:V)O;VLN>&UL4$L! A0#%
M  @ E(JN6"0>FZ*M    ^ $  !H              ( !LA$  'AL+U]R96QS
M+W=O<FMB;V]K+GAM;"YR96QS4$L! A0#%     @ E(JN6&60>9(9 0  SP,
M !,              ( !EQ(  %M#;VYT96YT7U1Y<&5S72YX;6Q02P4&
/  D "0 ^ @  X1,

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
..report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

..report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

..report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

..report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
..pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
..report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

..report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
..report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

..report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

..report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

..report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

..report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

..report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
..report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
..report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
..report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

..report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
..report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

..report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

..report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
..report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
..report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

..report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

..report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
..report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

..report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

..report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

..report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

..report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

..report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.24.1.1.u2</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>22</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>3</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="f8k_051424.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000001 - Document - Cover</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover</Role>
      <ShortName>Cover</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="8-K" isOnlyDei="true" isUsgaap="true" original="f8k_051424.htm">f8k_051424.htm</File>
    <File>hbio-20240514.xsd</File>
    <File>hbio-20240514_lab.xml</File>
    <File>hbio-20240514_pre.xml</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="22">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>true</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "version": "2.2",
 "instance": {
  "f8k_051424.htm": {
   "nsprefix": "HBIO",
   "nsuri": "http://globenewswire.com/20240514",
   "dts": {
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "f8k_051424.htm"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "local": [
      "hbio-20240514.xsd"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-roles-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-roles-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd"
     ]
    },
    "labelLink": {
     "local": [
      "hbio-20240514_lab.xml"
     ]
    },
    "presentationLink": {
     "local": [
      "hbio-20240514_pre.xml"
     ]
    }
   },
   "keyStandard": 22,
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "hidden": {
    "total": 2,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023": 2
   },
   "contextCount": 1,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "elementCount": 59,
   "unitCount": 3,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023": 22
   },
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "role": "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover",
     "longName": "00000001 - Document - Cover",
     "shortName": "Cover",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "groupType": "document",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-05-14",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "f8k_051424.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-05-14",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "f8k_051424.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    }
   },
   "tag": {
    "dei_AmendmentDescription": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AmendmentDescription",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Description",
        "documentation": "Description of changes contained within amended document."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AmendmentFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AmendmentFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AnnualInformationForm": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AnnualInformationForm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Annual Information Form",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing an annual information form."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Audited Annual Financial Statements",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing audited financial statements."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_CityAreaCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CityAreaCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "City Area Code",
        "documentation": "Area code of city"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CountryRegion": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CountryRegion",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Country Region",
        "documentation": "Region code of country"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CoverAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CoverAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cover [Abstract]",
        "documentation": "Cover page."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "gMonthDayItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CurrentFiscalYearEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Current Fiscal Year End Date",
        "documentation": "End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentAccountingStandard": {
     "xbrltype": "accountingStandardItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentAccountingStandard",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Accounting Standard",
        "documentation": "The basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing This can either be 'U.S. GAAP', 'International Financial Reporting Standards', or 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentAnnualReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentAnnualReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Annual Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11",
      "r13",
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus": {
     "xbrltype": "fiscalPeriodItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Fiscal Period Focus",
        "documentation": "Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus": {
     "xbrltype": "gYearItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalYearFocus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Fiscal Year Focus",
        "documentation": "This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period End Date",
        "documentation": "For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodStartDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period Start Date",
        "documentation": "The start date of the period covered in the document, in YYYY-MM-DD format."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentQuarterlyReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Quarterly Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentRegistrationStatement",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Registration Statement",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a registration statement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyEventDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Shell Company Event Date",
        "documentation": "Date of event requiring a shell company report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Shell Company Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true for a Shell Company Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentTransitionReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentTransitionReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Transition Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentType": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentType",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Type",
        "documentation": "The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]",
        "documentation": "Documents incorporated by reference."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line One",
        "documentation": "Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine2",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Two",
        "documentation": "Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine3",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Three",
        "documentation": "Address Line 3 such as an Office Park"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCityOrTown",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, City or Town",
        "documentation": "Name of the City or Town"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCountry": {
     "xbrltype": "countryCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCountry",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Country",
        "documentation": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressPostalZipCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Postal Zip Code",
        "documentation": "Code for the postal or zip code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince": {
     "xbrltype": "stateOrProvinceItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressStateOrProvince",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, State or Province",
        "documentation": "Name of the state or province."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current",
        "documentation": "For registrants involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years, the value Yes indicates that the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court; the value No indicates the registrant has not.  Registrants not involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years should not report this element."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key",
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding",
        "documentation": "Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityCurrentReportingStatus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Current Reporting Status",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityEmergingGrowthCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Emerging Growth Company",
        "documentation": "Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityExTransitionPeriod",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period",
        "documentation": "Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r19"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityFileNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityFileNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity File Number",
        "documentation": "Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityFilerCategory": {
     "xbrltype": "filerCategoryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityFilerCategory",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Filer Category",
        "documentation": "Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarStateCountryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code",
        "documentation": "Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityInteractiveDataCurrent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Interactive Data Current",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r16"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "sicNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityPrimarySicNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Primary SIC Number",
        "documentation": "Primary Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Number for the Entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityPublicFloat": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityPublicFloat",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Public Float",
        "documentation": "The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name",
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityShellCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityShellCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Shell Company",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntitySmallBusiness": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntitySmallBusiness",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Small Business",
        "documentation": "Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "employerIdItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityTaxIdentificationNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Tax Identification Number",
        "documentation": "The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityVoluntaryFilers",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Voluntary Filers",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r17"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Extension": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "Extension",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Extension",
        "documentation": "Extension number for local phone number."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_LocalPhoneNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "LocalPhoneNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Local Phone Number",
        "documentation": "Local phone number for entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "trueItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "NoTradingSymbolFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "No Trading Symbol Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a security having no trading symbol."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "otherReportingStandardItemNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "OtherReportingStandardItemNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Reporting Standard Item Number",
        "documentation": "\"Item 17\" or \"Item 18\" specified when the basis of accounting is neither US GAAP nor IFRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "PreCommencementTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Security12bTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "Security12bTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(b) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(b) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Security12gTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "Security12gTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(g) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(g) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityExchangeName": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarExchangeCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "SecurityExchangeName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Exchange Name",
        "documentation": "Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityReportingObligation": {
     "xbrltype": "securityReportingObligationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "SecurityReportingObligation",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Reporting Obligation",
        "documentation": "15(d), indicating whether the security has a reporting obligation under that section of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SolicitingMaterial": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "SolicitingMaterial",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Soliciting Material",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ]
    },
    "dei_TradingSymbol": {
     "xbrltype": "tradingSymbolItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "TradingSymbol",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trading Symbol",
        "documentation": "Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_WrittenCommunications": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "WrittenCommunications",
     "presentation": [
      "http://globenewswire.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Written Communications",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r18"
     ]
    }
   }
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12"
  },
  "r1": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r2": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r3": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-23"
  },
  "r4": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "d1-1"
  },
  "r5": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "g"
  },
  "r6": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12, 13, 15d"
  },
  "r7": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13e",
   "Subsection": "4c"
  },
  "r8": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "14d",
   "Subsection": "2b"
  },
  "r9": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "15",
   "Subsection": "d"
  },
  "r10": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Section": "14a",
   "Number": "240",
   "Subsection": "12"
  },
  "r11": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 10-K",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "310"
  },
  "r12": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 10-Q",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "308",
   "Subsection": "a"
  },
  "r13": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "220",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r14": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "240",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r15": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "a-1"
  },
  "r16": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-T",
   "Number": "232",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r17": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r18": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "425"
  },
  "r19": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "7A",
   "Section": "B",
   "Subsection": "2"
  }
 }
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>0001171843-24-002878-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0001171843-24-002878-xbrl.zip
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MPOYB%2+%6N(!T&TE0JC(K#Q KV5!&#2^DF%TO!UV[YN=N^:$7>+])3J.E"C
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M8'&  HN"?8/)%81M.I,X0:2[JRXX'6D:IA1X !BJCXS9G%T^\QF6$%V[!S#
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MM_8D74[LZXLIZW[M=7/CX\K]A^;3<]O12(K_%Q7B_S]A Z/\7U!+ P04
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M&PA()??+R%)@EB9J .N%I"UU?KH!F&V=>ABZH#@!S,&G))7>+RF+1T*INA^
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M4$L! A0#%     @ E(JN6,MQ!R Q P  \@L  !$              ( !>Q,
M &AB:6\M,C R-# U,30N>'-D4$L! A0#%     @ E(JN6"T3#8G]"@  @(8
M !4              ( !VQ8  &AB:6\M,C R-# U,31?;&%B+GAM;%!+ 0(4
M Q0    ( )2*KE@\,#F'7 <  -]7   5              "  0LB  !H8FEO
G+3(P,C0P-3$T7W!R92YX;6Q02P4&      0 !  ! 0  FBD

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>16
<FILENAME>f8k_051424_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="hbio-20240514.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="AsOf2024-05-14">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001123494</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-05-14</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-05-14</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="USDPShares">
        <divide>
            <unitNumerator>
                <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
            </unitNumerator>
            <unitDenominator>
                <measure>shares</measure>
            </unitDenominator>
        </divide>
    </unit>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000003">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000004">0001123494</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:DocumentType contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000009">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000010">2024-05-14</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000011">HARVARD BIOSCIENCE, INC.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000012">DE</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000013">001-33957</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000014">04-3306140</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000015">84 October Hill Road</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000016">Holliston</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000017">MA</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000018">01746</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000019">(508)</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000020">893-8999</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000021">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000022">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000023">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000024">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000025">Common Stock, $0.01 par value</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000026">HBIO</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000027">NASDAQ</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="AsOf2024-05-14" id="Fact000028">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
