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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 28, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Financial Statement Presentation | Financial Statement Presentation. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In addition, any change in these estimates or their related assumptions could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition. Our revenues arise from the sale of laser consoles, delivery devices, consumables, service, and support activities. We also derive revenue from royalties from third parties which are typically based on licensees’ net sales of products that utilize our technology. Our revenue is recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The Company has the following revenue transaction types: (1) Product Sale Only, (2) LAP Programs, (3) Extended Warranty, (4) System Repairs (outside of warranty) and (5) Royalty Revenue.
| (1) | Product Sale Only: The Company’s products consist of laser consoles, delivery devices and consumable instrumentation, including laser probes. The Company’s products are currently sold for use by ophthalmologists specializing in the treatment of glaucoma and retinal diseases. Inside the United States and Germany, the products are sold directly to the end users. In other countries outside of the United States and Germany, the Company utilizes independent, third-party distributors to market and sell the Company’s products. There is no continuing obligation subsequent to the shipment to the distributors.
The Company recognizes revenue from product sale at a point in time. When a system or disposables are sold, the Company recognizes revenue using the five-step model: (1) identifying the contract with the customer, (2) identifying the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determining expected transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognizing revenue when (or as) the performance obligations are satisfied.
| (2) | LAP Programs: The Company sometimes enters into Laser Advantage Program (“LAP”) contracts with customers. Under the LAP program, the system is given away free of charge and title is transferred after the customer purchases the minimum required number of boxes of probes (classified as disposables). Customers with older machines have the ability to trade in their old machines for the most current laser equipment offered in the program (“G6 Laser”) and receive a discount on the program’s minimum purchase requirements. Under ASC 606, this non-cash consideration must be included in the transaction price. However, the Company has determined that there is no value associated with the old machine and the trade in is essentially offered to encourage customers to purchase more consumables under the program.
The Company recognizes revenue from product sales under LAP programs at a point in time. The Company allocates the transaction price of the distinct performance obligations in the contract by determining stand-alone selling price using historical pricing net of any variable consideration or discounts to specifically allocate to a particular performance obligation.
| (3) | Extended Warranty: The Company offers a standard two-year warranty on all system sales (five years on the laser heads for its IQ 532/577 laser consoles). The Company also offers an extended warranty which is sold to customers in incremental, one-year warranty periods which begin subsequent to the expiration of the standard two-year warranty. The customer can opt to purchase the extended warranty at the time of the system sale or after the initial system sale.
The Company recognizes revenue from extended warranty ratably over the warranty period. Revenue recognition for the sale of an extended warranty is largely dependent on the timing of the sale as follows:
| a. | Extended Warranty Sale in Conjunction with System Sale: If the customer opts to purchase an extended warranty at the time of the system sale, the Company allocates the transaction price of the distinct performance obligations in the contract by determining stand-alone selling price using historical pricing net of any variable consideration or discounts to specifically allocate to a particular performance obligation.
| b. | Extended Warranty Sale Subsequent to System Sale: If the customer opts to purchase an extended warranty after the initial system sale, the Company determines the amount of time that has elapsed since the initial system sale. If the extended warranty is purchased within 60 days of the initial sale, the Company considers this sale to be an additional element of the original sale and allocates the transaction price of the distinct performance obligations in the contract by determining stand-alone selling price using historical pricing net of any variable consideration or discounts to specifically allocate to a particular performance obligation. If the extended warranty is purchased subsequent to 60 days after the initial sale, the sale of the extended warranty is deemed a separate contract and is deferred at the selling price and recognized ratably over the extended warranty period as the performance obligation is satisfied.
| (1) | System Repairs (outside of warranty): Customers will occasionally request repairs from the Company subsequent to the expiration of the standard warranty and outside of an extended warranty contract.
The Company recognizes revenue from system repairs (outside of warranty) at a point in time. When the customer request repairs from the Company subsequent to the expiration of the standard warranty and outside of an extended warranty contracts, these repair contracts are considered separate from the initial sale, and as such, revenue is recognized as the repair services are rendered and the performance obligation satisfied.
| (2) | Royalty Revenue: The Company has royalty agreements with two customers related to sale of the Company’s intellectual property. Under the terms of these agreements, the customer is to remit a percentage of sales to the Company.
Since these arrangements are for sales-based licenses of intellectual property, for which the guidance in paragraph ASC 606-10-55-65 applies, the Company recognizes revenue only as the subsequent sale occurs. However, the Company notes that such sales being reported by the licensee with a quarter in arrear, such revenue is recognized at the time it is reported and paid by the licensee given that any estimated variable consideration would have to be fully constrained due to the unpredictability of such estimate and the unavoidable risk that it may lead to significant revenue reversals. The Company elected the practical expedient allowing it to not recognize as a contract asset the commission paid to its salesforce on the sale of its products as an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with a customer but rather recognize such commission as expense when incurred as the amortization period of the asset that the Company would have otherwise recognized is one year or less.
Leases | Leases. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, net and Operating lease liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of the adoption date of ASC 842 and as of September 28, 2019, the Company was not a party to finance lease arrangements. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Under the available practical expedient, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk. Our cash and cash equivalents are deposited in demand and money market accounts. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and therefore, bear minimal risk. We market our products to distributors and end-users throughout the world. Sales to international distributors are generally made on open credit terms and letters of credit. Management performs ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintains an allowance for potential credit losses. Historically, we have not experienced any significant losses related to individual customers or a group of customers in any particular geographic area. For the three months ended September 28, 2019, no single customer accounted for over 10% of total revenues. For the three months ended September 29, 2018, one customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues, representing 11%. For the nine months ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. As of September 28, 2019, one customer accounted for over 10% of our accounts receivable, representing 11%. As of December 29, 2018, no customer accounted for more than 10% of our accounts receivable.
Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities | Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities. Taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are recognized on a net basis in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Shipping and Handling Costs | Shipping and Handling Costs. Our shipping and handling costs billed to customers are included in revenues and the associated expense is recorded in cost of revenues for all periods presented.
Deferred Revenue | Deferred Revenue. Deferred revenue represents contract liabilities. Revenue related to extended service contracts is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the period of the applicable service contract. Costs associated with these service arrangements are recognized as incurred. A reconciliation of the changes in the Company’s deferred revenue balance for the nine months ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 is as follows:
|  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 28, 2019 |  |  | September 29, 2018 |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 2,225 |  |  | $ | 2,520 |
Additions to deferral |  |  | 1,575 |  |  |  | 1,426 |
Revenue recognized |  |  | (1,906 | ) |  |  | (1,729 | )
Balance, end of period |  |  | 1,894 |  |  |  | 2,217 |
Non-current portion of deferred revenue |  |  | 366 |  |  |  | 608 |
Current portion of deferred revenue |  | $ | 1,528 |  |  | $ | 1,609 |
During both the nine months ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, approximately $1.2 million were recognized pertaining to amounts deferred as of December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017.
Warranty | Warranty. The Company currently provides a two-year full warranty on its products. In addition, the Company offers a five-year warranty on the laser heads for its IQ 532/577 laser consoles. The associated costs of these warranties are accrued for upon shipment of the products. In March 2018, we have reversed the warranty expense associated with products shipped outside of the United States that were accrued in December 2017 as these reserves are no longer deemed required. The Company’s warranty policy is applicable to products which are considered defective in their performance or fail to meet the product specifications. Warranty costs are reflected in the statement of operations as cost of revenues. A reconciliation of the changes in the Company’s warranty liability for the nine months ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 is as follows:
|  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 28, 2019 |  |  | September 29, 2018 |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 860 |  |  | $ | 1,735 |
Accruals for product warranties |  |  | 219 |  |  |  | 298 |
Cost of warranty claims |  |  | (232 | ) |  |  | (756 | )
Adjustment to pre-existing warranties |  |  | (334 | ) |  |  | (445 | )
Balance, end of period |  | $ | 513 |  |  | $ | 832 |
Reclassifications | Reclassifications. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year financial statements included in these condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards | Recently Adopted Accounting Standards. In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, “Leases,” which, along with amendments issued in 2018, modified lessee accounting guidance under Topic 840. This new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11 which provides an alternative transition method that allows entities to apply the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company adopted the requirements of ASU 2016-02 on December 30, 2018, the first day of its fiscal year 2019, using the optional transition method. The Company elected not to reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, not to reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, not to reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases and not to separate non-lease components from lease components and instead account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component for new or modified leases. At adoption date, there was an increase in assets of $4.0 million and liabilities of $4.5 million due to the recognition of the required right-of-use asset and corresponding liability for all lease obligations that are currently classified as operating leases with the difference of $0.5 million related to existing deferred rent that reduced the ROU asset recorded. The standard did not have an impact in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement,” which removes, modifies and adds certain disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted this standard in fiscal year 2019 and the standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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