XML 53 R39.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.26.1
Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes consist of the following for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

 

   2025   2024 
   Years Ended December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Current:        
Federal  $(1,348,586)  $40,031 
State   (267,392)   17,337 
Total current  $(1,615,978)  $57,368 
Deferred:          
Federal   (7,838,432)   (7,610,511)
State   (2,059,379)   (394,244)
Change in valuation allowance   9,897,811    8,004,755 
Total deferred   -    - 
Total income tax provision (benefit)  $(1,615,978)  $57,368 
Schedule of Benefit from Income Taxes and Effective Income Tax Rates

A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory federal income tax rate and income taxes as reflected in the financial statements is as follows:

 

Permanent differences:          
   Year Ended December 31, 2025 
U.S. federal statutory rate  $(10,187,502)   21.0%
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect (a)   (640,593)   1.3%
Effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period   5,685    0.0

%

Tax credits

          

Research and development credits

   (1,163,440)   2.4

%

Changes in valuation allowance

   7,838,433    -16.2

%

Nontaxable or nondeductible items

          
Stock based compensation   574,070    -1.2%
Contingent consideration remeasurement   (169,231)   0.3%
Other   74,808    -0.2%
Change in unrecognized tax benefits   (539,126)   1.1%
Other adjustments       
Federal refund due to OBBBA   (870,633)   1.8%
Change in deferred balances due to OBBBA   3,251,940    -6.7%
Other   209,611    -0.3%
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes and effective tax rate  $(1,615,978)   3.3%

 

(a) State taxes in Massachusetts made up the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect in this category

 

Permanent differences:          
   Year Ended December 31, 2024 
U.S. federal statutory rate  $(7,892,144)   21.0%
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect   (147,008)   0.4%
Effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period   17,708    0.0

%

Tax credits

          

Research and development credits

   (691,801

)

   1.8

%

Changes in valuation allowance

   8,004,755    -21.3

%

Nontaxable or nondeductible Items

          
Stock based compensation   738,310    -2.0%
Contingent consideration remeasurement   (150,124)   0.4%
Other   74,886    -0.2%
Change in unrecognized tax benefits   120,180    -0.3%

Other adjustments

          

Federal refund due to OBBBA

   -    0.0

%

Change in deferred balances due to OBBBA   -    0.0%
Other   (17,394)   0.0%
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes and effective tax rate  $57,368    -0.2%

Schedule of Income Taxes Paid Net of Refunds Received

The following table presents income taxes paid (net of refunds received) for the year ended December 31, 2025 as required by ASU 2023-09:

 

Schedule of Income Taxes Paid Net of Refunds Received

   Year Ended December 31, 2025 
     
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds:     
Federal  $(870,633)
State   11,763 
Total  $(858,870)
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Net deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following components as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:

 

Deferred compensation   367,775    638,454 
   December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Deferred tax assets:          
Accrued liabilities  $39,066   $44,364 
Reserves and allowances   644,915    643,206 
Deferred compensation   367,775    638,454 
Section 174 costs   553,562    9,372,153 
Lease liability   296,605    491,744 
UNICAP   9,181    20,846 
Net operating loss carryforwards   22,035,104    8,552,938 
Research and development credits   3,303,255    2,314,332 
Other   2,677    196 
Total gross deferred tax assets   27,252,140    22,078,233 
Less valuation allowance   (24,877,802)   (14,884,382)
Total deferred tax assets   2,374,338    7,193,851 
Deferred tax liabilities:          
Property and equipment, net   (234,815)   (418,148)
Intangibles, net   (1,731,564)   (5,963,713)
Prepaids   (118,336)   (233,162)
Right of use asset   (289,623)   (483,220)
Other comprehensive income   -    (95,608)
Total deferred tax liabilities   (2,374,338)   (7,193,851)
           
Net deferred tax asset (liability)  $-   $- 
Schedule of Change in Valuation Allowance

The following table summarizes changes in the valuation allowance during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Schedule of Change in Valuation Allowance

   2025   2024 
   Years Ended December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Valuation allowance at beginning of year  $14,884,382   $6,938,829 
Change in valuation allowance   9,993,420    7,945,553 
Valuation allowance at end of year  $24,877,802   $14,884,382 

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

 

   December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning of the year  $1,200,035   $1,078,431 
Gross increases - current year tax positions   111,065    137,527 
Gross increases - prior year tax positions   -    51,225 
Gross decreases - prior year tax positions   (692,351)   (67,148)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year  $618,749   $1,200,035 
           
Interest and penalties in year-end balance  $-   $128,783