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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract] |
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block] | 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY July 2018 Public Offering On July 31, 2018, the Company sold 1,355,000 shares of common stock, 1,114 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) convertible into 2,785,000 shares of common stock and Series E warrants to purchase 4,140,000 shares of common stock. The public offering price of a share of common stock together with a Series E warrant to purchase one share of common stock was $4.00. The public offering price of a share of Series C Preferred Stock, each of which is convertible into 2,500 shares of Common Stock, together with a Series E warrant to purchase 2,500 shares of common stock was $10,000. The Series E warrants have an exercise price of $4.00 per share and are exercisable until July 31, 2023. Gross offering proceeds to the Company were $16.56 million, with net proceeds to the Company of approximately $15.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and related offering expenses. In order to account for the July 2018 public offering, the Company allocated the proceeds to the common stock, the Series C Preferred Stock and the Series E warrants on a relative fair value basis. Then using the effective conversion price of the Series C Preferred Stock, the Company determined that there was a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) of $2,241,795. The BCF did not impact total Stockholders’ Equity but is reflected as a deemed dividend in arriving at net loss attributable to common stockholders. The Series C Preferred Stock includes a beneficial ownership blocker but has no dividend rights (except to the extent that dividends are also paid on the common stock), liquidation preference or other preferences over common stock, and subject to limited exceptions, has no voting rights. As of December 31, 2018, 641 shares of Series C Preferred Stock were converted into 1,602,500 shares of common stock. Reverse Stock Split At a special meeting held on July 12, 2018, our stockholders approved an amendment to our certificate of incorporation to affect a reverse split of our common stock at a ratio between 1:5 to 1:10 and authorized the Board to determine the ratio at which the reverse split would be. The Board authorized the ratio of the reverse split, and effective at the close of business on July 16, 2018, the Company implemented a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements give retroactive effect to the reverse stock split for all periods presented. The shares of common stock that the Company is authorized to issue remains unchanged at 80,000,000 and the par value remains at $0.00001 per share. Accordingly, stockholders’ equity reflects the reverse stock split by reclassifying from common stock to additional paid-in capital an amount equal to the par value of the decreased shares resulting from the reverse stock split. Authorized Share Increase At a special meeting held on September 12, 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved the ratification of the approval of the Certificate of Amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares by 40,000,000 to 80,000,000 which was previously approved by the Company’s stockholders at our annual meeting of stockholders held on May 31, 2017. October 2017 Registered Direct Offering On October 12, 2017, the Company closed on a registered direct offering (the “October 2017 Registered Direct Offering”), priced at-the-market, of 195,438 shares of its common stock and 41.0412949 shares of its Series B Preferred Stock. The Series B Preferred Stock was offered at $100,000 per share and is immediately convertible into approximately 5,337 shares of common stock for a total of 219,037 shares upon conversion at a price of $18.7375 per share. The common stock was offered at $18.7375 per share. Gross offering proceeds to the Company were $7.76 million. In a concurrent private placement, the Company offered purchasers in the registered direct offering Series D warrants to purchase an aggregate of 310,856 shares of common stock, or 0.75 shares of common stock for each share of common stock purchased directly or issuable upon conversion of shares of preferred stock. The Series B Preferred Stock is non-voting, has no dividend rights (except to the extent dividends are also paid on common stock), liquidation preference, or other preferences over common stock. The Series D warrants are immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $17.80 per share and expire seven years from the closing. The Series D warrants, which are callable by the Company under certain circumstances, will not trade. Gross proceeds were approximately $7.8 million with net proceeds to the Company of approximately $7.1 million. In order to account for the October 2017 Registered Direct Offering, the Company allocated the proceeds to the common stock, the Series B Preferred Stock and the Series D warrants on a relative fair value basis. Then using the effective conversion price of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Company determined that there was a beneficial conversion feature of $1,448,945. On or prior to December 31, 2017, 23 shares of Series B Preferred Stock issued in the October 2017 Registered Direct Offering were converted into 122,751 shares of common stock. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 the remaining 18 shares of Series B Preferred Stock were converted into 96,284 shares of common stock. Common Stock Warrants The following table summarizes information with regard to outstanding warrants to purchase common stock as of December 31, 2018.
Offering |  | Number of Shares Issuable Upon Exercise of Outstanding Warrants |  |  | Exercise Price |  |  | Expiration Date
July 2018 Series E Warrants |  |  | 4,140,000 |  |  | $ | 4.00 |  |  | July 31, 2023
October 2017 Series D Warrants |  |  | 310,856 |  |  | $ | 17.80 |  |  | October 14, 2024
November 2016 Public Offering Series C |  |  | 415,785 |  |  | $ | 15.00 |  |  | November 29, 2021
April 2016 Underwritten Registered Series A |  |  | 362,694 |  |  | $ | 30.40 |  |  | April 20,2021
October 2015 Incremental Series A |  |  | 30,006 |  |  | $ | 21.30 |  |  | October 20,2021
October 2015 Private Placement Series A |  |  | 8,636 |  |  | $ | 21.30 |  |  | April 1, 2021
October 2015 Offering – Placement Agent |  |  | 375 |  |  | $ | 283.00 |  |  | October 1, 2020
August 2014 Public Offering (1) |  |  | 50,395 |  |  | $ | 468.00 |  |  | August 20, 2019
Total |  |  | 5,318,747 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (1) | These warrants have a certain type of cash settlement feature and they have been accounted for as derivative instruments as described in Note 1, with the exception of 970 warrants issued in August 2014.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762 + Details
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