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Common Stock - Additional Information (Detail)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 20 Months Ended 32 Months Ended 145 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Apr. 30, 2018
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Jan. 31, 2018
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Vote
shares
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2018
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Number of votes entitled to each share of common stock | Vote       1        
Cash dividends | $               $ 0
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of issuance costs | $   $ 28,900,000 $ 53,800,000 $ 56,996,000 $ 82,666,000      
Proceeds from sale of pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs | $       $ 22,874,000        
Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc.                
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of issuance costs | $ $ 57,000,000              
Sale of stock, price per share | $ / shares $ 9.00              
Proceeds, net of issuance costs, from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants | $ $ 79,900,000              
Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc. | Pre-Funded Warrants                
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Warrants exercise price per share | $ / shares $ 9.00              
Warrants exercise price per share paid at closing of offering | $ / shares $ 8.99              
Proceeds from sale of pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs | $ $ 22,900,000              
Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc. | Pre-Funded Warrants | Maximum                
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock | shares 2,548,117              
Common Stock                
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Unvested shares of common stock | shares         586,929 586,929    
Number of shares forfeited | shares             147,617  
Repurchase option exercisable period       4 years        
Repurchase options share exercised | shares           41,819    
Sale of common stock, shares | shares   3,280,000 5,899,500 6,340,771 9,179,500      
Stock sold and issued to investors, per share | $ / shares   $ 9.15 $ 9.75          
Common Stock | Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc.                
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Sale of common stock, shares | shares 6,340,771              
Pre-Funded Warrants | Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc. | Maximum                
Class Of Stock [Line Items]                
Unbeneficial percentage of ownership after exercise of common stock outstanding effect to issuance 19.99%