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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Estimates | Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates may be materially different from actual financial results. Significant estimates include the recoverability of long-lived assets, the collection of accounts receivable and valuation of inventory and reserves.
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents We maintain most of our cash accounts at a commercial bank. The total cash balance is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000, (which we may exceed from time to time) per commercial bank. For the purposes of the statement of cash flows we consider all cash and highly liquid investments with initial maturities of one year or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable Our ability to collect receivables is affected by economic fluctuations in the geographic areas and industries served by us. Reserves for uncollectable amounts are provided, based on past experience and a specific analysis of the accounts. Although we expect to collect amounts due, actual collections may differ from the estimated amounts. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had a reserve for potentially un-collectable accounts receivable of $95,000 and $95,000. Our policy for reserves for our long-term financing receivables is determined on a contract-by-contract basis and considers the length of the financing arrangement. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had a reserve for potentially un-collectable long-term financing receivables of $247,500 and $247,500 respectively. Seven (7) customers accounted for approximately 98% of accounts receivable on December 31, 2023. Our trade accounts primarily represent unsecured receivables. Historically, our bad debt write-offs related to these trade accounts have been insignificant. Four (4) customers accounted for approximately 98% of accounts receivable on December 31, 2023. Our trade accounts primarily represent unsecured receivables.
Inventory | Inventory Inventories are valued at the lower of weighted average cost or market value. Our industry experiences changes in technology, changes in market value and availability of raw materials, as well as changing customer demand. We make provisions for estimated excess and obsolete inventories based on regular audits and cycle counts of our on-hand inventory levels and forecasted customer demands and at times additional provisions are made. Any inventory write offs are charged to the reserve account. As of December 31, 2023 we had a reserve of $934,344 vs. reserve of $897,808 as of December, 2022.
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Assets held under capital leases are recorded at lease inception at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair market value of the related assets. The cost of ordinary maintenance and repairs is charged to operations. Depreciation and amortization are computed on the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the related assets: SCHEDULE OF ESTIMATED USEFUL LIVES Furniture and fixtures 3 to 5 years Equipment 5 to 10 years
Long – Lived Assets | Long – Lived Assets Long-lived assets, which include property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite lives, and operating lease right-of-use assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company conducts its long-lived asset impairment analyses in accordance with ASC 360-10-15, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” ASC 360-10-15 requires the Company to group assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities and evaluate the asset group against the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows. If the undiscounted cash flows do not indicate the carrying amount of the asset is recoverable, an impairment charge is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group asset group exceeds its fair value based on discounted cash flow analysis or appraisals. There was no impairment of long-lived assets for the periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue under ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” (“ASC 606”). Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time FASB ASC 606-10-25-27 through 25-29, 25-36 through 25-37, 55-5 through 55-10 An entity transfers control of a good or service over time and satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time if one of the following criteria is met: a. The customer receives and consumes the benefits provided by the entity’s performance as the entity performs (as described in FASB ASC 606-10-55-5 through 55-6). b. The entity’s performance creates or enhances an asset (for example, work in process) that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced (as described in FASB ASC 606-10-55-7). c. The entity’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity (see FASB ASC 606-10-25-28), and the entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date (as described in FASB ASC 606-10-25-29). Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point in Time FASB ASC 606-10-25-30 If a performance obligation is not satisfied over time, the performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time. To determine the point in time at which a customer obtains control of a promised asset and the entity satisfies a performance obligation, the entity should consider the guidance on control in FASB ASC 606-10-25-23 through 25-26. In addition, it should consider indicators of the transfer of control, which include, but are not limited to, the following: a. The entity has a present right to payment for the asset b. The customer has legal title to the asset c. The entity has transferred physical possession of the asset d. The customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset e. The customer has accepted the asset The core principle of the revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods and services transferred to the customer. In addition, a) the company also does not have an alternative use for the asset if the customer were to cancel the contract, and b) has a fully enforceable right to receive payment for work performed (i.e., customers are required to pay as various milestones and/or timeframes are met) The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle for our HRS and Cety Europe Divisions:
| ● | Identify the contract with the customer
| ● | Identify the performance obligations in the contract
| ● | Determine the transaction price
| ● | Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
| ● | Recognize revenue when the company satisfies a performance obligation
The following steps are applied to our legacy engineering and manufacturing division:
| ● | We generate a quotation
| ● | We receive Purchase orders from our customers.
| ● | We build the product to their specification
| ● | We invoice at the time of shipment
| ● | The terms are typically Net 30 days
The following step is applied to our CETY HK business unit:
| ● | CETY HK is primarily responsible for fulfilling the contract / promise to provide the specified good or service.
A principal obtains control over any one of the following (ASC 606-10-55-37A):
| a. | A good or another asset from the other party which the entity then transfers to the customer. Note that momentary control before transfer to the customer may not qualify.
| b. | A right to a service to be performed by the other party, which gives the entity the ability to direct that party to provide the service to the customer on the entity’s behalf.
| c. | A good or service from the other party that it then combines with other goods or services in providing the specified good or service to the customer.
If the entity obtains control over one of the above before the good or service is transferred to a customer, the entity could be considered a principal. Additionally, the above five steps are applied to achieve core principle for our CETY Renewables Division: Because the CETY Renewables division is presently engaged in the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) of biomass power facilities, CETY Renewables has developed a process of executing EPC Agreements with customers for this work. In contracting these engagements, CETY Renewables recognizes revenue according to accounting standards in accordance with ASC 606. In recognizing this revenue, CETY Renewables first identifies the relevant contract with its customer according to 606-10-25-1.
| ● | The entities, together known as the Parties, approved the contract in writing, through signatures and commitment to the performance of permitting, design, procurement, construction, and commissioning.
| ● | CETY’s work product includes permits, engineering designs, equipment, and full balance of plant specific to permitting, design, procurement, construction, and commissioning.
| ● | CETY and customer agree to a total EPC Contract price.
| ● | The contract has commercial substance. The risk associated with this EPC Agreement is that payment of the EPC contract price.
| ● | Per the EPC Agreement, CETY expects to collect substantially all of the consideration for its goods and services.
Secondly, CETY identifies the performance obligations of the Parties in performance of the EPC Agreement in accordance with 606-10-25-14. At contract inception, CETY assesses the goods and services necessary to deliver the facility in accordance with its agreement with clients. The agreement specifically laid out all deliverables necessary to achieve the permitting, design, procurement, construction, and commissioning. CETY also looks at 606-10-25-14(A). A bundle of goods or services is also present, in that CETY is delivering all work products associated with permitting, design, procurement, construction and commissioning of a commercially operable biomass power plant. A biomass power plant is a distinct bundle of goods or services, so the individual goods or services on their own do not lend themselves to a fully integrated or functional system. CETY in accordance with 606-10-32-1, CETY reviews measurement of the performance obligations. There is no exclusion of any amount of the Contract Price due to constraints associated with 606-10-31-11 through 606-10-32-13. In review of 606-10-32-2A, CETY did not exclude measurement from the measurement of the transaction price any taxes assessed by a government authority as no such taxes will be due. In reviewing 606-10-32-3, CETY evaluated the nature, timing, and amount of consideration promised, and whether it impacts the estimate of the transaction price. Finally, in identifying a single method of measuring progress for each performance obligation satisfied over time, in accordance with 606-10-25-32, CETY applies the methodology of 606-10-25-36. CETY adopted and implemented the input method for revenue recognition in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-33. The company adopts the input method for implementation. CETY recognizes revenue for performance obligations on the basis of the entity’s efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of a performance obligation per 606-10-55-20. For CETY, the contracts with clients for the construction of biomass power plants are the basis for revenue recognition. In each separate EPC Agreement, the performance obligations include permitting, design, procurement, construction, and commissioning of the plant. All of these work products satisfy Section 606-10-25-27(b) as these work products create or enhance an asset under customer’s control. Upon delivery of the work product, the customer takes control of the work products and has full right and ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits of the assets. We recognize revenue over time, using timeline and milestone methods to measure progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. During the complexity and duration of the biomass power plant construction projects, CETY will recognize revenue over time, consistent with the criteria for over-time recognition under ASC 606. This approach reflects the continuous transfer of documents, permits, and the equipment over to the customer, which is characteristic of long-term construction contracts. We have a list of appropriate measures of progress: This is based on milestones achieved, among other measures. Given the long-term nature of the projects, CETY regularly reviews and, if necessary, updates its estimates of progress towards completion, transaction price, and the allocation of the transaction price to performance obligations. Also, from time to time our contracts state that the customer is not obligated to pay a final payment until the units are commissioned, i.e. a final payment of 10%. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 we had $33,000 and 33,000 of deferred revenue, which is expected to be recognized in the second quarter of year 2024. Also from time to time we require upfront deposits from our customers based on the contract. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had outstanding customer deposits of $210,310 and $80,475 respectively.
Fair Value of Financial instruments | Fair Value of Financial instruments The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASC (Accounting Standards Codification) 820-10 (SFAS No. 157), “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” for financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820-10 provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. FASB ASC 820-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received for an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. FASB ASC 820-10 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs required by the standard that the Company uses to measure fair value:
| ● | Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
| ● | Level 2: Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities.
| ● | Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company’s derivative liabilities have been valued as Level 3 instruments. We value the derivative liability using a lattice model, with a volatility of 56% and using a risk free interest rate of 0.15%
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, prepaid expenses, inventory, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and convertible notes payable. The estimated fair value of cash, prepaid expenses, investments, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible notes payable approximate their carrying amounts due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income (Loss) We have no material components of other comprehensive income (loss) and accordingly, net loss is equal to comprehensive loss in all periods. The accounts of the Company’s Chinese entities are maintained in RMB. The accounts of the Chinese entities were translated into USD in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 830 “Foreign Currency Matters.” All assets and liabilities were translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date; stockholders’ equity is translated at historical rates and the statements of operations and cash flows are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 220, “Comprehensive Income.” Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are reflected in the statements of operations. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 220-10, “Comprehensive Income (loss).” Comprehensive income (loss) comprises net income (loss) and all changes to the statements of changes in stockholders’ equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes in additional paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders.
Change from fair value or equity method to consolidation | Change from fair value or equity method to consolidation. In July 2022, JHJ, a wholly owned subsidiary of CETY HK and other three shareholders agreed to form and make total capital contribution of RMB 20 million ($2.81 million) with latest contribution due date in February 2066 into Sichuan Hongzuo Shuya Energy Limited (“Shuya”), JHK owns 20% of Shuya. In August 2022, JHJ purchased 100% ownership of Sichuan Shunengwei Energy Technology Limited (“SSET”) for $0, who owns 29% of Shuya; Shunengwei is a holding company and did not have any operations nor made any capital contribution into Shuya as of the ownership purchase date by JHJ; Right after the ownership purchase of SSET, JHJ ultimately owns 49% of Shuya. Shuya was set up as the operating entity for pipeline natural gas (PNG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) trading business, while the other two shareholders of Shuya have large supply relationships. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company has determined that Shuya is not a VIE and has evaluated its consolidation analysis under the voting interest model. Because the Company does not own greater than 50% of the outstanding voting shares, either directly or indirectly, it has accounted for its investment in Shuya under the equity method of accounting. Under this method, the investor (“JHJ”) recognizes its share of the profits and losses of the investee (“Shuya”) in the periods when these profits and losses are also reflected in the accounts of the investee. Any profit or loss recognized by the investing entity appears in its income statement. Also, any recognized profit increases the investment recorded by the investing entity, while a recognized loss decreases the investment. JHJ made an investment of RMB 3.91 million ($0.55 million) into Shuya during the 12 months ended December 31, 2022 recorded in accordance with ASC 323. Shuya had a net loss of approximately $10,750 during the year ending December 31, 2022, of which approximately $5000 was allocated to the company, reducing the investment by that amount. Chengdu Xiangyueheng Enterprise Management Co., Ltd (the “Xiangyueheng”), which owns a 10% equity interest in Shuya, entered a three-party Concerted Action Agreement (the “CAA”), wherein the parties agreed to vote in unison at the shareholders’ meeting of Shuya to consolidate the controlling position of the three parties in Shuya. The three parties agreed that during the term of the CAA, before any of the three parties intends to propose motions to the shareholders’ meetings or the board of directors, or exercise their voting rights on any matter that shall be presented to and resolved through the shareholders’ meeting in accordance with the laws, regulations, Articles of Association of Shuya or any relevant shareholders’ agreements, the three parties will discuss, negotiate, and coordinate the motion topics for consistency; in the event of disagreement, the opinions of JHJ shall prevail. As a result of the CAA, the Company re-analyzed and determined that Shuya is the variable interest entity (the “VIE”) of JHJ because 1) the equity investors at risk, as a group, lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and 2) Shuya is structured with disproportionate voting rights, and substantially all the activities are conducted on behalf of an investor with disproportionately few voting rights. Under ASC 810, a reporting entity has a controlling financial interest in a VIE, and must consolidate that VIE, if the reporting entity has both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance; and (b) the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company concluded JHJ is deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIE. Accordingly, the Company consolidates Shuya into its consolidated financial statements effective on January 1, 2023. The change of control interest was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, referred to as ASC, 805, Business Combinations. The management determined that the Company was the acquiror for financial accounting purposes. In identifying the Company as the accounting acquiror, the companies considered the structure of the transaction and other actions contemplated by the Three-Parties Consistent Action Agreement, relative outstanding share ownership and market values, the composition of the combined company’s board of directors, the relative size of Shuya, and the designation of certain senior management positions of the combined company. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company recorded the acquisition based on the fair value of the consideration transferred and then allocated the purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values as of the Acquisition Date. The excess of the value of consideration transferred over the aggregate fair value of those net assets was recorded as goodwill. Any identified definite lived intangible assets will be amortized over their estimated useful lives and any identified intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and goodwill will not be amortized but will be tested for impairment at least annually. All intangible assets and goodwill will be tested for impairment when certain indicators are present. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management to use significant judgment and estimates including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenues and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies. The valuation of purchase considerations was based on preliminary estimates that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Based on the preliminary independent valuation, management determined that the difference in the fair value of the consideration paid, and book records was immaterial due to the fact that Shuya has been only in operations for less than a year after effective date of control in became effective. The management determined that the final purchase price allocation shall be re-valuated subject to change pending additional operational results and forecast assumptions. As the Consistent Action Agreement did not quantify any considerations to gain the control, the deemed consideration paid is the fair value of 51% non-controlling interest as of January 1, 2023. The following table summarizes the fair value of the consideration paid and the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on January 1, 2023, the acquisition date. SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ACQUIRED
Fair value of non-controlling interests |  | $ | 650,951 |
Fair value of previously held equity investment |  |  | 556,096 |
Subtotal |  | $ | 1,207,047 |
Recognized value of 100% of identifiable net assets |  |  | (1,207,047 | )
Goodwill Recognized |  | $ | - |
Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed (preliminary): |  |  |  |
Inventories |  | $ | 516,131 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 50,346 |
Trade and other receivables |  |  | 952,384 |
Advanced deposit |  |  | 672,597 |
Net fixed assets |  |  | 6,704 |
Trade and other payables |  |  | (1,021,897 | )
Advanced payments |  |  | (5,317 | )
Salaries and wages payables |  |  | (4,692 | )
Other receivable |  |  | 40,791 |
Total identifiable net assets |  | $ | 1,207,047 |
Under ASC-805-10-50-2, initial consolidation of an investee previously reported using fair value or the equity method should be accounted for prospectively as of the date the entity obtained a controlling financial interest. Therefore, the Company should provide pro forma information as if the consolidation had occurred as of the beginning of each of the current and prior comparative reporting period per Unaudited Proforma of Consolidated Statement of Operations
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Sales |  |  | 14,702,977 |  |  |  | 4,029,087 |
Sales - Related Party |  |  | 410,486 |  |  |  | - |
Total Income |  |  | 15,113,463 |  |  |  | 4,029,087 |
Cost of Goods Sold |  |  | 14,023,209 |  |  |  | 2,758,977 |
Gross Profit |  |  | 1,090,254 |  |  |  | 1,270,110 |
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
General and Administrative Expense |  |  | 684,893 |  |  |  | 507,321 |
Salaries |  |  | 1,671,071 |  |  |  | 782,657 |
Travel |  |  | 405,334 |  |  |  | 166,025 |
Professional Fees Legal & Accounting |  |  | 356,785 |  |  |  | 315,361 |
Facility Lease and Maintenance |  |  | 401,293 |  |  |  | 349,610 |
Consulting Engineering |  |  | 199,594 |  |  |  | 119,896 |
Stock Compensation |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  | 26,692 |  |  |  | 30,076 |
Total Expense |  |  | 3,745,662 |  |  |  | 2,270,946 |
Net Profit / (Loss) From Operations |  |  | (2,655,408 | ) |  |  | (1,000,836 | )
Other Income & Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Income |  |  | 81,583 |  |  |  | 55,577 |
Change in Derivative Liability |  |  | 326,539 |  |  |  | (331,495 | )
Gain / (Loss) on Debt Settlement and Write Down |  |  | (1,124,654 | ) |  |  | 2,556,916 |
Interest and Financing fees |  |  | (2,137,649 | ) |  |  | (1,125,371 | )
Net Profit / (Loss) Before Income Taxes |  |  | (5,509,589 | ) |  |  | 154,791 |
Income Tax Expense |  |  | (22,173 | ) |  |  | (18,283 | )
Net Profit / (Loss) |  |  | (5,531,762 | ) |  |  | 136,508 |
Non-controlling interest |  |  | 127,961 |  |  |  | - |
Net Profit / (Loss) attributable to Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. |  |  | (5,659,723 | ) |  |  | 136,508 |
Other Comprehensive Item |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign Currency Translation Gain |  |  | (36,155 | ) |  |  | (160,673 | )
Total Comprehensible Income / (Loss) |  |  | (5,695,878 | ) |  |  | (24,165 | )
Non- Controlling interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulative Other Comprehensive Income |  |  | 838 |  |  |  | - |
Total Comprehensive Income |  |  | (5,695,040 | ) |  |  | (24,165 | )
Net Profit (Loss) per Preferred and Common Share | Net Profit (Loss) per Preferred and Common Share Basic profit / (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. At December 31, 2023, we had outstanding common shares of 39,152,455 used in the calculation of basic earnings per share. Basic weighted average common shares and equivalents for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were 38,447,916 and 27,681,722, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, we had convertible notes, convertible into approximately 277,604 of additional common shares, and 70,102 common stock warrants, and 1,857,590 preferred shares. Fully diluted weighted average common shares and equivalents were 38,227,965 as of December 31, 2023 and were withheld from the calculation as they were considered anti-dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Research and Development | Research and Development We had no amounts of research and development R&D expense during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Segment Disclosure | Segment Disclosure FASB Codification Topic 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about an enterprise’s reportable segments. The Company has four reportable segments: Manufacturing & Engineering services, Clean Energy HRS (HRS), CETY HK NG Trading, and CETY Renewables Waste to Energy. The segments are determined based on several factors, including the nature of products and services, the nature of production processes, customer base, delivery channels and similar economic characteristics. Refer to note 1 for a description of the various product categories manufactured under each of these segments. An operating segment’s performance is evaluated based on its pre-tax operating contribution, or segment income. Segment income is defined as net sales less cost of sales, and segment selling, general and administrative expenses, and does not include amortization of intangibles, stock-based compensation, other charges (income), net and interest and other, net. Selected Financial Data: SCHEDULE OF FINANCIAL DATA
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
|  | For the years ended December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Net Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing and Engineering |  | $ | 47,091 |  |  | $ | 203,078 |
Heat Recovery Solutions |  |  | 497,584 |  |  |  | 4488,453 |
LNG Trading |  |  | 14,138,789 |  |  |  | 1,890,439 |
Waste to Energy |  |  | 429,999 |  |  |  | 81,242 |
Total Sales |  | $ | 15,113,463 |  |  | $ | 2,663,212 |
Segment income and reconciliation before tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing and Engineering |  |  | (16,199 | ) |  |  | 124,437 |
Heat Recovery Solutions |  |  | 157,179 |  |  |  | 361,914 |
LNG Trading |  |  | 594,041 |  |  |  | 619,446 |
Waste to Energy |  |  | 355,233 |  |  |  | 68,399 |
Total Segment income |  |  | 1,090,254 |  |  |  | 1,174,196 |
Less: operating expense |  |  | (3,745,662 | ) |  |  | (2,163,947 | )
Less: other income and expenses |  |  | (2,854,181 | ) |  |  | 1,155,429 |
Net profit/ (loss) before income tax |  | $ | (5,509,589 | ) |  | $ | 165,678 |
|  | December 31, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Total Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CETY & Manufacturing and Engineering |  | $ | 2,548,630 |  |  | $ | 5,518,460 |
Clean Energy HRS |  |  | 3,099,223 |  |  |  | 2,556,166 |
Waste to Energy |  |  | 523,566 |  |  |  | 39,703 |
LNG Trading |  |  | 5,339,618 |  |  |  | - |
Total Assets |  | $ | 11,511,037 |  |  | $ | 8,114,329 |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
|  | For the years ended December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
United States |  |  | 905,057 |  |  |  | 509,330 |
China |  |  | 14,138,789 |  |  |  | 1,925,950 |
Other international |  |  | 69,617 |  |  |  | 132,316 |
Total Sales |  |  | 15,113,463 |  |  |  | 2,567,596 |
Share-Based Compensation | Share-Based Compensation The Company has adopted the use of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS No. 123R) (now contained in FASB Codification Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation), which supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and its related implementation guidance and eliminates the alternative to use Opinion 25’s intrinsic value method of accounting that was provided in Statement 123 as originally issued. This Statement requires an entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instruments, which includes grants of stock options and stock warrants, based on the fair value of the award, measured at the grant date (with limited exceptions). Under this standard, the fair value of each award is estimated on the grant date, using an option-pricing model that meets certain requirements. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of our equity awards, including stock options and warrants. The Black-Scholes model meets the requirements of SFAS No. 123R; however, the fair values generated may not reflect their actual fair values, as it does not consider certain factors, such as vesting requirements, employee attrition and transferability limitations. The Black-Scholes model valuation is affected by our stock price and a number of assumptions, including expected volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. We estimate the expected volatility and estimated life of our stock options at grant date based on historical volatility. For the “risk-free interest rate,” we use the Constant Maturity Treasury rate on 90-day government securities. The term is equal to the time until the option expires. The dividend yield is not applicable, as the Company has not paid any dividends, nor do we anticipate paying them in the foreseeable future. The fair value of our restricted stock is based on the market value of our free trading common stock, on the grant date calculated using a 20-trading-day average. At the time of grant, the share-based compensation expense is recognized in our financial statements based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest using historical employee attrition rates and the expense is reduced accordingly. It is also adjusted to account for the restricted and thinly traded nature of the shares. The expense is reviewed and adjusted in subsequent periods if actual attrition differs from those estimates. We re-evaluate the assumptions used to value our share-based awards on a quarterly basis and, if changes warrant different assumptions, the share-based compensation expense could vary significantly from the amount expensed in the past. We may be required to adjust any remaining share-based compensation expense, based on any additions, cancellations or adjustments to the share-based awards. The expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 we had $0 in share-based expense, due to the issuance of common stock. As of December 31, 2023, we had no further non-vested expense to be recognized.
Leases | Leases On January 2, 2020, the Company adopted ASC Topic 842, Leases, or ASC 842, using the modified retrospective transition method with a cumulative effect adjustment to be accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2019, and accordingly, modified its policy on accounting for leases as stated below. As described under “Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements,” below, the primary impact of adopting ASC 842 for the Company was the recognition in the consolidated balance sheet of certain lease-related assets and liabilities for operating leases with terms longer than 12 months. The Company’s leases primarily consist of facility leases which are classified as operating leases. The Company assesses whether an arrangement contains a lease at inception. The Company recognizes a lease liability to make contractual payments under all leases with terms greater than twelve months and a corresponding right-of-use asset, representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments over the lease term using the collateralized incremental borrowing rate since the implicit rate is unknown. Options to extend or terminate a lease are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such an option. The right-of-use asset is initially measured as the contractual lease liability plus any initial direct costs and prepaid lease payments made, less any lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leased right-of-use assets are subject to impairment testing as a long-lived asset at the asset-group level. The Company monitors its long-lived assets for indicators of impairment. As the Company’s leased right-of-use assets primarily relate to facility leases, early abandonment of all or part of facility as part of a restructuring plan is typically an indicator of impairment. If impairment indicators are present, the Company tests whether the carrying amount of the leased right-of-use asset is recoverable including consideration of sublease income, and if not recoverable, measures impairment loss for the right-of-use asset or asset group.
Income Taxes | Income Taxes Federal Income taxes are not currently due since we have had losses since inception of Clean Energy Technologies. On December 22, 2018 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate (“Federal Tax Rate”) from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company will compute its income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 using a Federal Tax Rate of 21% and an estimated state of California rate of 9%. Income taxes are provided based upon the liability method of accounting pursuant to ASC 740-10-25 Income Taxes – Recognition. Under this approach, deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end. A valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets if management does not believe the Company has met the “more likely than not” standard required by ASC 740-10-25-5. Deferred income tax amounts reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax reporting purposes. As of December 31, 2023, we had a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $(15,737,415) and a deferred tax asset of $4,727,224 using the statutory rate of 30%. The deferred tax asset may be recognized in future periods, not to exceed 20 years. However, due to the uncertainty of future events we have booked valuation allowance of $(4,727,224). FASB ASC 740 prescribes recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FASB ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. At December 31, 2023 the Company had not taken any tax positions that would require disclosure under FASB ASC 740. On February 13, 2018, Clean Energy Technologies, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Registrant” or “Corporation”) entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (“Stock Purchase Agreement”) by and between MGW Investment I Limited (“MGWI”) and the Corporation. The Corporation received $907,388 in exchange for the issuance of 7,561,567 restricted shares of the Corporation’s common stock, par value $.001 per share (the “Common Stock”). On February 13,2018 the Corporation and Confections Ventures Limited. (“CVL”) entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “Convertible Note Purchase Agreement,” together with the Stock Purchase Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder, the “Financing”) pursuant to which the Corporation issued to CVL a convertible promissory Note (the “CVL Note”) in the principal amount of $939,500 with an interest rate of 10% per annum interest rate and a maturity date of February 13, 2020. The CVL Note is convertible into shares of Common Stock at $0.12 per share, as adjusted as provided therein. This note was assigned to MGW Investments. This resulted in a change in control, which limited the net operating to that date forward. We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and the states of California. Further, the Company currently has no open tax years’ subject to audit prior to December 31, 2018. The Company is current on its federal and state tax returns.
Reclassification | Reclassification Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported income, total assets, or stockholders’ equity as previously reported.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards | Recently Issued Accounting Standards The Company’s management reviewed all recently issued ASU’s not yet adopted by the Company and does not believe the future adoptions of any such ASU’s may be expected to cause a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or the results of its operations.
Deferred Stock Issuance Costs | Deferred Stock Issuance Costs Deferred stock issuance costs represent amounts paid for legal, consulting, and other offering expenses in conjunction with the future raising of additional capital to be performed within one year. These costs are netted against additional paid-in capital as a cost of the stock issuance upon closing of the respective stock placement. During the year ended December 31, 2023, $11,000 of deferred stock issuance costs will capitalized and will be recognized upon the funding of the offering during the year 2024.

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