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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
 
Principles of Consolidation - The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Anchor Funding Services, Inc. and, its wholly owned subsidiary, Anchor Funding Services, LLC.
 
Estimates – The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Revenue Recognition – The Company charges fees to its customers in one of two ways as follows:
 
1)  
Fixed Transaction Fee. Fixed transaction fees are a fixed percentage of the purchased invoice and purchase order advance.  This percentage does not change from the date the purchased invoice is funded until the date the purchased invoice is collected.
 
2)  
Variable Transaction Fee.  Variable transaction fees are variable based on the length of time the purchased invoice and purchase order advance is outstanding.   As specified in its contract with the client, the Company charges variable increasing percentages of the purchased invoice or purchase order advance as time elapses from the purchase date to the collection date.
 
For both Fixed and Variable Transaction fees, the Company recognizes revenue by using one of two methods depending on the type of customer.  For new customers the Company recognizes revenue using the cost recovery method.  For established customers the Company recognizes revenue using the accrual method.
 
Under the cost recovery method, all revenue is recognized upon collection of the entire amount of purchased accounts receivable.
 
The Company considers new customers to be accounts whose initial funding has been within the last three months or less.  Management believes it needs three months of history to reasonably estimate a customer’s collection period and accrued revenues.  If three months of history has a limited number of transactions, the cost recovery method will continue to be used until a reasonable revenue estimate can be made based on additional history.  Once the Company obtains sufficient historical experience, it will begin using the accrual method to recognize revenue.
  
For established customers the Company uses the accrual method of accounting.  The Company applies this method by multiplying the historical yield, for each customer, times the amount advanced on each purchased invoice outstanding for that customer, times the portion of a year that the advance is outstanding.  The customers’ historical yield is based on the Company’s last six months of experience with the customer along with the Company’s experience in the customer’s industry, if applicable.
 
The amounts recorded as revenue under the accrual method described above are estimates.  As purchased invoices and purchase order advances are collected, the Company records the appropriate adjustments to record the actual revenue earned on each purchased invoice and purchase order advance. Adjustments from the estimated revenue to the actual revenue have not been material.
 
Retained Interest in Purchased Accounts Receivable – Retained interest in purchased accounts receivable represents the gross amount of invoices purchased and advances on purchase orders from clients less amounts maintained in a reserve account.  For factoring transactions, the Company purchases a customer’s accounts receivable and advances them a percentage of the invoice total.  The difference between the purchase price and amount advanced is maintained in a reserve account.  The reserve account is used to offset any potential losses the Company may have related to the purchased accounts receivable.  For purchase order transactions the company advances and pays for 100% of the product’s cost.
 
The Company’s factoring and security agreements with their customers include various recourse provisions requiring the customers to repurchase accounts receivable if certain conditions, as defined in the factoring and security agreement, are met.
 
Senior management reviews the status of uncollected purchased accounts receivable and purchase order advances monthly to determine if any are uncollectible.  The Company has a security interest in the accounts receivable and inventory purchased and, on a case-by-case basis, may have additional collateral.  The Company files security interests in the property securing their advances.  Access to this collateral is dependent upon the laws and regulations in each state where the security interest is filed.  Additionally, the Company has varying types of personal guarantees from their customers relating to the purchased accounts receivable and purchase order advances.
 
Management considered approximately $80,449 of their March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 retained interest in purchased accounts receivable to be uncollectible.
 
Management believes the fair value of the retained interest in purchased accounts receivable approximates its recorded value because of the relatively short-term nature of the purchased receivable and the fact that the majority of these invoices have been subsequently collected. As of March 31, 2013, accounts receivable purchased over 90 days old and still accruing fees totaled approximately $307,300.
 
Advertising Costs – The Company charges advertising costs to expense as incurred.  Total advertising costs were approximately $66,000 and $68,000 for the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
 
Earnings per Share (“EPS”) – Basic net income per share is computed by dividing the net income for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Dilutive earnings per share include the potential impact of dilutive securities, such as convertible preferred stock, stock options and stock warrants.  The dilutive effect of stock options and warrants is computed using the treasury stock method, which assumes the repurchase of common shares at the average market price.
 
Under the treasury stock method, options and warrants will have a dilutive effect when the average price of common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of options or warrants.  
 
  
The following tables present a reconciliation of the components used to derive basic and diluted EPS for the periods indicated:
 
 
      2013       2012  
         
(Denominator)
               
(Denominator)
       
         
Weighted-
   
Per
         
Weighted-
   
Per
 
   
(Numerator)
   
Average
   
Share
   
(Numerator)
   
Average
   
Share
 
   
Net Income
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Net Income
   
Shares
   
Amount
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
                                   
Basic EPS
  $ 52,916       18,634,369     $ -     $ 36,769       18,634,369     $ -  
Effect of Dilutive Securities – Options and
                                               
  Convertible Preferred Stock
    -       2,057,148       -       -       1,881,763       -  
Diluted EPS
  $ 52,916       20,691,517     $ -     $ 36,769       20,516,132     $ -  
 
 
 
Stock Based Compensation - The fair value of transactions in which the Company exchanges its equity instruments for employee services (share-based payment transactions) is recognized as an expense in the financial statements as services are performed.
 
Compensation expense is determined by reference to the fair value of an award on the date of grant and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. We have elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) pricing model to determine the fair value of all stock option awards.
 
See Note 8 for the impact on the operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments – The carrying value of cash equivalents, retained interest in purchased accounts receivable, due to financial institution, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximates their fair value.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid cash investment funds with original maturities of three months or less when acquired.
 
Income Taxes – Effective January 31, 2007, the Company became a “C” corporation for income tax purposes.  In a “C” corporation income taxes are provided for the tax effects of transactions reported in the consolidated financial statements plus deferred income taxes related to the differences between financial statement and taxable income.
 
The primary differences between financial statement and taxable income for the Company are as follows:
 
· Expenses related to the issuance of equity instruments
· Use of the reserve method of accounting for bad debts
· Net operating loss carryforwards.
 
The deferred tax asset represents the future tax return consequences of utilizing these items.   Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation reserve, when management is uncertain if the net deferred tax assets will ever be realized.
 
The Company applied the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, “Accounting For Uncertainty In Income Taxes”, which provides clarification related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in our financial statements. The Company applied this guidance to all its tax positions, including tax positions taken and those expected to be taken, under the transition provision of the interpretation. For the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company concluded that it had no material uncertain tax positions.
 
The Company classifies interest accrued on unrecognized tax benefits with interest expense.  Penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits are classified with operating expenses.
 
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements –
 
The FASB amended the Comprehensive Income topic of the ASC in February 2013. The amendment addresses reporting of amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. Specifically, the amendment does not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements. However, the amendment does require an entity to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, in certain circumstances an entity is required to present, either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income. The amendment will be effective for the Company on a prospective basis for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2013, as required, and this adoption did not have a significant impact to our consolidated financial statements.
 
In October 2012, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2012-04, "Technical Corrections and Improvements," portions of which were effective upon issuance and the remaining portion was effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The amendments in this ASU cover a wide range of topics in the FASB ASC and are categorized in two sections, "Technical Corrections and Improvements", and "Conforming Amendments Related to Fair Value Measurements." The first section created source literature amendments, clarified guidance and corrected references, and relocated guidance throughout the ASC. The second section conformed terminology and clarified guidance in various topics of the ASC to fully reflect the fair value measurement and disclosure requirements of ASC Topic 820. No new fair value measurements were introduced and the application of the requirements of A5C Topic 820 is not anticipated to change. The Company adopted this guidance as required and the adoption did not have a significant impact to our consolidated financial statements.
 
Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact in the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.