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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation - The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions.

Estimates - The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition - Merchandise is leased to customers pursuant to lease purchase agreements which provide for weekly lease terms with non-refundable lease payments. Generally, the customer has the right to acquire title either through a 90-day same as cash option, an early purchase option, or through payments of all required lease payments, generally 52 weeks, for ownership. On any current lease, customers have the option to cancel the agreement in accordance with lease terms and return the merchandise. Accordingly, customer agreements are accounted for as operating leases with lease revenues recognized in the month they are due on the accrual basis of accounting. Merchandise sales revenue is recognized when the customer exercises the purchase option and pays the purchase price. Revenue for lease payments received prior to their due date is deferred and recognized as revenue in the period to which the payments relate. Revenues from leases and sales are reported net of sales taxes.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - FlexShopper seeks to collect amounts owed under its leases from each customer on a weekly or biweekly basis by charging their bank accounts or credit cards. Accounts receivable are principally comprised of lease payments currently owed to FlexShopper which are past due, as FlexShopper has been unable to successfully collect in the manner described above. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based upon revenues and historical experience of balances charged off as a percentage of revenues. The accounts receivable balances consisted of the following as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

	June 30, 2020			December 31, 2019

Accounts receivable	$	21,493,916		$	18,249,273
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(13,523,919	)		(9,976,941	)
Accounts receivable, net	$	7,969,997		$	8,272,332

The allowance is a significant percentage of the balance because FlexShopper does not charge off any customer account until it has exhausted all collection efforts with respect to each account, including attempts to repossess items. In addition, while collections are pursued, the same delinquent customers continue to accrue weekly charges until they are charged off. Accounts receivable balances charged off against the allowance were $6,584,965 and $12,017,220 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 respectively and $4,346,498 and $9,376,402 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2020			Year Ended December 31, 2019
Beginning balance	$	9,976,941		$	3,754,306
Provision		15,564,198			34,838,046
Accounts written off		(12,017,220	)		(28,615,411	)
Ending balance	$	13,523,919		$	9,976,941

FlexShopper classifies bad debt expense incurred as a reduction of lease revenue and fees within the consolidated statement of operations.

Lease Merchandise - Until all payment obligations for ownership are satisfied under the lease agreement, the Company maintains ownership of the lease merchandise. Lease merchandise consists primarily of residential furniture, consumer electronics, computers, appliances and household accessories and is recorded at cost net of accumulated depreciation. The Company depreciates leased merchandise using the straight-line method over the applicable agreement period for a consumer to acquire ownership, generally twelve months with no salvage value. Upon transfer of ownership of merchandise to customers resulting from satisfaction of their lease obligations, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are eliminated from lease merchandise. For lease merchandise returned or anticipated to be returned either voluntarily or through repossession, the Company provides an impairment reserve for the undepreciated balance of the merchandise net of any estimated salvage value with a corresponding charge to cost of lease revenue. The cost, accumulated depreciation and impairment reserve related to such merchandise are written off upon determination that no salvage value is obtainable.

The net leased merchandise balances consisted of the following as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

	June 30, 2020			December 31, 2019
Lease merchandise at cost	$	47,256,520		$	46,807,570
Accumulated depreciation		(18,762,330	)		(13,518,181	)
Impairment reserve		(2,412,948	)		(2,226,285	)
Lease merchandise, net	$	26,081,242		$	31,063,104

Lease merchandise at cost represents the undepreciated cost of rental merchandise at the time of purchase.

Deferred Debt Issuance Costs - Debt issuance costs incurred in conjunction with the Credit Agreement entered into on March 6, 2015, and subsequent amendments are offset against the outstanding balance of the loan payable and are amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining term of the related debt, which approximates the effective interest method. Amortization, which is included in interest expense, was $84,416 and $170,624 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and $50,431 and $105,271 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Debt issuance costs of $60,000 incurred in conjunction with the subordinated Promissory Notes entered into on January 25, 2019 and February 19, 2019 are offset against the outstanding balance of the loan payable and are amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining term of the related debt, which approximates the effective interest method. Amortization, which is included in interest expense, was $5,471 and $13,609 for three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and $8,138 and $13,563 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Intangible Assets - Intangible assets consist of a patent on the Company's LTO payment method at check-out for third party e-commerce sites. Patents are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Patent costs are amortized by using the straight-line method over the legal life, or if shorter, the useful life of the patent, which has been estimated to be 10 years.

Software Costs - Costs related to developing or obtaining internal-use software incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages of an internal use software project are expensed as incurred and certain costs incurred in the project's application development stage are capitalized as property and equipment. The Company expenses costs related to the planning and operating stages of a website. Costs associated with minor enhancements and maintenance for the website are included in expenses as incurred. Direct costs incurred in the website's development stage are capitalized as property and equipment. Capitalized software costs amounted to $598,097 and $1,198,358 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and $513,645 and $1,060,689 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Capitalized software amortization expense was $569,217 and $1,005,984 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and $1,083,247 and $575,066 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

Operating Expenses - Operating expenses include corporate overhead expenses such as salaries, stock-based compensation, insurance, occupancy, and other administrative expenses.

Marketing Costs - Marketing costs, primarily consisting of advertising, are charged to expense as incurred. Direct acquisition costs, primarily consisting of commissions earned based on lease originations, are capitalized and amortized over the life of the lease.

Per Share Data - Per share data is computed by use of the two-class method as a result of outstanding Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock, which participates in dividends with the common stock and accordingly has participation rights in undistributed earnings as if all such earnings had been distributed during the period (see Note 8). Under such method income available to common shareholders is computed by deducting both dividends declared or, if not declared, accumulated on Series 2 Convertible Preferred Stock from income from continuing operations and from net income. Loss attributable to common shareholders is computed by increasing loss from continuing operations and net loss by such dividends. Where the Company has undistributed net income available to common shareholders, basic earnings per common share is computed based on the total of any dividends paid or declared per common share plus undistributed income per common share determined by dividing net income available to common shareholders reduced by any dividends paid or declared on common and participating Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock by the total of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the weighted average number of common shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding participating Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock during the period. Where the Company has a net loss, basic per share data (including income from continuing operations) is computed based solely on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. As the participating Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock has no contractual obligation to share in the losses of the Company, common shares issuable upon conversion of such preferred stock are not included in such computations.

Diluted earnings per share is based on the more dilutive of the if-converted method (which assumes conversion of the participating Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock as of the beginning of the period) or the two-class method (which assumes that the participating Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock is not converted) plus the potential impact of dilutive non-participating Series 2 Convertible Preferred Stock, options and warrants. The dilutive effect of stock options and warrants is computed using the treasury stock method, which assumes the repurchase of common shares at the average market price during the period. Under the treasury stock method, options and warrants will have a dilutive effect when the average price of common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of options or warrants. When there is a loss from continuing operations, potential common shares are not included in the computation of diluted loss per share, since they have an anti-dilutive effect.

In computing diluted loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and the six months ended June 30, 2019, no effect has been given to the issuance of common stock upon conversion or exercise of the following securities as their effect is anti-dilutive. The following table reflects a change in the conversion rates of the Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock and Series 2 Convertible Preferred Stock due to anti-dilution adjustments as a result of FlexShopper's induced conversion of warrants.

	Six Months ended
	June 30,
	2020		2019
Series 1 Convertible Preferred Stock		225,230		216,637
Series 2 Convertible Preferred Stock		5,845,695		5,639,745
Series 2 Convertible Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants		116,903		112,785
Common Stock Options		2,571,411		1,909,151
Common Stock Warrants		1,872,488		7,342,489
		10,631,727		15,220,807

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Six Months ended
	June 30,
	2020			2019
Numerator
Net (loss)/income	$	(210,377	)	$	193,597
Convertible Series 2 Preferred Share dividends		(1,219,445	)		(1,218,450	)
Deemed dividend from exchange offer of warrants		(713,212	)		-
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS	$	(2,143,034	)	$	(1,024,853	)
Denominator
Denominator for basic and diluted EPS - weighted average shares		20,627,674			17,658,562
Basic EPS	$	(0.10	)	$	(0.06	)
Diluted EPS	$	(0.10	)	$	(0.06	)

Stock-Based Compensation - The fair value of transactions in which the Company exchanges its equity instruments for employee and non-employee services (share-based payment transactions) is recognized as an expense in the financial statements as services are performed.

Compensation expense is determined by reference to the fair value of an award on the date of grant and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) pricing model to determine the fair value of all stock option awards.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The carrying value of certain financial instruments such as cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of loans payable under the Credit Agreement increased by unamortized issuance costs approximates fair value. The carrying value of promissory notes to related parties approximates fair value based upon their interest rates, which approximate current market interest rates.

Income Taxes - Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of net operating loss carryforwards and temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current enacted tax rates. The Company records a valuation allowance for its deferred tax assets when management concludes that it is not more likely than not that such assets will be recognized.

The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. As of June 30, 2020, and 2019, the Company had not recorded any unrecognized tax benefits. Interest and penalties related to liabilities for uncertain tax positions will be charged to interest and operating expenses, respectively.