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Note 8 - Stockholders' Equity
 3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Notes to Financial Statements  
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]

8.   Stockholders’ Equity

 

Under our Certificate of Incorporation, we are authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by Delaware law and our Charter, to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions. Our Board of Directors can increase or decrease the number of shares of any series, but not below the number of shares of that series then outstanding, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. Our Board of Directors  may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the common stock.   

 

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

 

The Company has designated 264,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series A Preferred Stock  may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be converted, multiplied by the stated value of $10 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. As of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, the Company had no shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding.

 

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

 

The Company has designated 5,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series B Preferred Stock  may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock to be converted, multiplied by the stated value of $1,000 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. As of December 31, 2022 and  September 30, 2022, the Company had no shares of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding. 

 

Series C Convertible Preferred Stock

 

The Company has designated 11,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series C Preferred Stock  may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock to be converted, multiplied by the stated value of $1,000 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. Series C Preferred Stock vote on an as-converted basis along with shares of the Company’s common stock, are not entitled to receive dividends, unless specifically declared by our Board of Directors, and in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company the holders of Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to receive in preference to the holders of common stock, Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and any other stock, the amount equal to the stated value per share of Series C Preferred Stock. The Company  may not effect, and a holder will not be entitled to, convert the Series C Preferred Stock or exercise any Series C Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such conversion or exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. As of December 31, 2022 and  September 30, 2022, the Company had 350 shares of Series C Preferred Stock outstanding, which were convertible into an aggregate of 38,889 shares of the Company’s common stock. 

 

Series D Convertible Preferred Stock

 

The Company has designated 4,200 shares of its preferred stock as Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”).  The shares of Series D Preferred Stock  may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of Series D Preferred Stock to be converted, multiplied by the stated value of $1,000 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. The Company  may not effect, and a holder will not be entitled to convert, the Series D Preferred Stock or exercise any Series D Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such conversion or exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. As of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, the Company had no shares of Series D Preferred Stock outstanding.

 

Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan

 

The Company has granted common stock, common stock warrants, and common stock option awards (the “Equity Awards”) to employees, consultants, advisors and former debt holders of the Company and to former owners and employees of acquired companies that have become employees of the Company. The Company’s Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) provided for the issuance of up to 5,000 shares of common stock. This Plan expired in August 2016. On April 29, 2016, the stockholders approved a new stock incentive plan, the 2016 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan authorizes the award of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted stock, unrestricted stock, performance shares, stock appreciation rights and any combination thereof to employees, officers, directors, consultants, independent contractors and advisors of the Company. The 2016 Plan provides for the issuance in the aggregate of up to 1,650,000 shares of common stock associated with awards granted under the Stock Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2022, there were 1,192,094 options outstanding and 204,907 shares available for future issuance under the 2016 Plan.

 

Compensation Expense

 

Compensation expense is generally recognized on a graded accelerated basis over the vesting period of grants. Compensation expense is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations with a portion charged to Cost of revenue and a portion to Operating expenses, depending on the employee’s department.

 

During the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, compensation expense related to share-based payments was as follows:

 

  

Three Months Ended
December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Cost of revenue

 $5  $8 

Operating expenses

  88   55 
  $93  $63 

 

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $0.7 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years.

 

Common Stock Warrants

 

The Company typically issues warrants to individual investors and placement agents to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with public and private placement fund raising activities. Warrants  may also be issued to individuals or companies in exchange for services provided to the Company. The warrants are typically exercisable six months after the issue date, expire in five years, and contain a cashless exercise provision and piggyback registration rights.

 

Montage Warrant - As additional consideration for a prior loan arrangement which was paid in full in a prior period not presented, the Company issued to Montage Capital an eight-year warrant (the “Montage Warrant”) to purchase the Company’s common stock at a price equal to $132.50 per share. The Montage Warrant contains an equity buy-out provision upon the earlier of (1) dissolution or liquidation of the Company, (2) any sale or distribution of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or (3) a “Change in Control” as defined within the meaning of Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Montage Capital has the right to receive an equity buy-out of $250. If the equity buy-out is exercised, the Montage Warrant will be surrendered to the Company for cancellation.

 

Series A and B and C Preferred Warrants - In  March 2019, in connection with the issuance of the Company’s Series C Preferred Stock, the Company issued warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock. These warrants were designated as (i) Series A Warrants with an initial term of 5.5 years and an exercise price of $4.00; (ii) Series B Warrants, which expired unexercised during the Company’s 2021 fiscal year, with an initial term of 24 months and an exercise price of $4.00; and (iii) Series C Warrants with an initial term of 5.5 years and an exercise price of $0.05 (collectively, hereinafter referred to as the “Series C Preferred Warrants”). The Company also issued warrants with an exercise price of $4.00 to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock to the Placement Agents. The Company  may not effect, and a holder will not be entitled to convert, the Series C Preferred Stock or exercise any Series C Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such conversion or exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise.

 

As of  December 31, 2022, the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the (i) Series A Warrants were 872,625 shares; (ii) Series C Warrants were 13,738 shares; (iii) the Placement Agent Warrants issued in connection with the Series C Preferred Stock were 11,992 shares; and (iv) Investor Warrants were 41,621 shares.

 

Series D Preferred Warrants – In May 2021, in connection with the issuance of the Company’s Series D Preferred Stock, the Company issued warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock. These warrants consisted of (i) warrants issued to investors in Series D Preferred Stock to purchase in the aggregate up to 592,106 shares of common stock with an initial term of five and a half years which ends on  November 16, 2026 and an initial exercise price of $2.51 and (ii) Placement Agents warrants to purchase an aggregate of 179,536 shares of common stock with an initial term of five years which ends on  May 12, 2026 and an initial exercise price of $2.85. Collectively, these warrants are referred to as the “Series D Preferred Warrants.”

 

The Company  may not effect, and a holder will not be entitled to convert, the Series D Preferred Stock or exercise any Series D Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such conversion or exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. As of  December 31, 2022, no Series D Warrants have been exercised and the aggregate number of shares issuable upon exercise was 592,106 and 179,536 shares for investors and placement agents, respectively.

 

The Montage Warrants, Series A and C Preferred Warrants, the Placement Agent Warrants issued in connection with the Series C Preferred Stock, and the Series D Warrants were all determined to be derivative liabilities and are subject to remeasurement each reporting period (see Note 4).

 

During three months ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, there were no warrants exercised and 26,605 Placement Agent Warrants were exercised, respectively. 

 

Total warrants outstanding as December 31, 2022, were as follows:

 

Type

 

Issue

Date

 

Shares

  

Price

 

Expiration

Financing (Montage)

 

10/10/2017

  1,327  $132.50 

10/10/2025

Investors

 

10/19/2018

  3,120  $25.00 

10/19/2023

Placement Agent

 

10/16/2018

  10,000  $31.25 

10/16/2023

Investors

 

3/12/2019

  41,621  $4.00 

10/19/2023

Investors

 

3/12/2019

  872,625  $4.00 

9/12/2024

Investors

 

3/12/2019

  13,738  $0.05 

9/12/2024

Placement Agent

 

3/12/2019

  11,992  $4.00 

9/12/2024

Placement Agent

 

2/4/2021

  31,564  $3.88 

2/4/2026

Investors

 

5/14/2021

  592,106  $2.51 

11/16/2026

Placement Agent

 

5/14/2021

  179,536  $2.85 

5/12/2026

Total

  1,757,629      

 

Summary of Option and Warrant Activity and Outstanding Shares

 

During the three months ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted options to purchase 50,000 shares at an exercise price of $1.34, which vest ratably over a three-year period. During the three months ended December 31, 2021, the Company granted options to purchase 5,000 shares at an exercise price of $4.11, which vest ratably over a three-year period commencing on October 1, 2021.

 

The weighted-average option fair values, as determined using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, and the assumptions used to estimate these values for stock options granted during the periods ended are as follows:

 

  

Three months ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Weighted-average fair value per share option

 $1.12  $2.96 

Expected life (in years)

  6.0   6.0 

Volatility

  108.5

%

  90.8

%

Risk-free interest rate

  3.8

%

  1.1

%

Dividend yield

  0.0

%

  0.0

%

 

The expected option term is the number of years the Company estimates the options will be outstanding prior to exercise based on historical trends of employee turnover. Expected volatility is based on historical daily price changes of the Company’s common stock for a period equal to the expected life. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield is zero since the Company does not currently pay cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.

 

A summary of combined restricted stock, stock option and warrant activity for the three months ended December 31, 2022, is as follows:

 

  

Restricted Stock

  

Stock Options

  

Stock Warrants

 
          

Weighted
Average

      

Weighted
Average

 
  

Awards

  

Awards

  

Exercise
Price

  

Warrants

  

Exercise
Price

 

Outstanding, October 1, 2022

  200,000   1,157,927  $3.49   1,757,629  $3.64 

Granted

  -   50,000   1.34   -   - 

Exercised

  -   -   -   -   - 

Forfeited

  -   (15,833

)

  2.51   -   - 

Expired

  -   -   -   -   - 

Outstanding, December 31, 2022

  200,000   1,192,094  $3.41   1,757,629  $3.64 

Options vested and exercisable, December 31, 2022

      780,257  $4.23         

 

As of December 31, 2022, there was no aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable, and the weighted-average remaining contractual term was 8.3 and 7.8 years, respectively.