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Note 9 - Stock-based Compensation (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Notes Tables |
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block] |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Weighted average risk-free interest rates |  |  | 2.79 | % |  |  | 2.40 | % |  |  | 2.26 | %
Expected dividend yield |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 0.0 | %
Expected life of option (in years) |  |  | 7.0 |  |  |  | 7.0 |  |  |  | 7.0 |
Expected volatility |  |  | 71.34 | % |  |  | 89.73 | % |  |  | 88.72 | %
Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Table Text Block] |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
General and administrative expense |  | $ | 113,306 |  |  | $ | 31,271 |  |  | $ | 31,191 |
Research and development expense |  |  | 41,998 |  |  |  | 25,953 |  |  |  | 23,614 |
Total stock option expense |  | $ | 155,304 |  |  | $ | 57,224 |  |  | $ | 54,805 |
Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block] |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Weighted average fair value of options granted |  | $ | 0.02 |  |  | $ | 0.04 |  |  | $ | 0.05 |
Intrinsic value of options exercised |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total fair value of options vested |  |  | 153,838 |  |  |  | 58,337 |  |  |  | 54,757 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(1) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (f)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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