INCOME TAXES

The components of the provision for income taxes are shown below for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three months ended September 30,					Nine months ended September 30,
	2016		2015			2016		2015
Current:
U.S. federal	$	1	$	(586	)	$	1	$	227
State	10		(65		)	21		45
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	11	$	(651	)	$	22	$	272

As a result of the operating loss incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, and after the application of the annual limitation set forth under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”), it was not necessary to record a provision for U.S. federal income tax. The expense recorded in the third quarter of 2016 for U.S. federal income taxes represents the adjustment of the 2015 provision to the actual tax on the 2015 return, which was filed during the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recorded $10 thousand and $21 thousand, respectively for various states income taxes, representing the adjustment of the 2015 provision to the actual tax on the 2015 returns, which were also filed during the period.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recorded a benefit from income taxes of $651 thousand and a provision for income taxes of $272 thousand, respectively, for U.S. federal and various states income taxes after the application of the annual limitation set forth under Section 382 of the IRC.

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had a full valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance was recorded due to uncertainties related to our ability to realize the deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of certain net operating loss carry-forwards.

At December 31, 2015, we had a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $69.1 million for U.S. federal, state, and local income tax purposes. However, due to changes in our capital structure, approximately $14.8 million of the net operating loss carry-forward is available to offset future taxable income, and after the application of the limitations found under Section 382 of the IRC, we only expect to have approximately $6.0 million of this amount available for use in 2016. If not used, these carry-forwards will begin to expire in 2021 for federal and in 2021 or sooner for state and local purposes. For a full discussion of the estimated restrictions on our utilization of net operating loss carry-forwards, please refer to Note 12, “Income Taxes,” included under Item 8. of our 2015 Annual Report.