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Stockholders' Equity (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2019
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] |
Summary of stock-based compensation expense | The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense and the impact it had on operations for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Cost of sales | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 27 |
Product development | 2 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 86 |
Selling, general, and administrative | 31 |  |  | 237 |  |  | 525 |  |  | 593 |
Total stock-based compensation | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 276 |  |  | $ | 557 |  |  | $ | 706 |
Schedule of valuation assumptions | Estimates utilized in the calculation include the expected life of the option, risk-free interest rate, and expected volatility, and are further comparatively detailed as follows:
| Nine months ended September 30,
| 2019 |  | 2018
Fair value of options issued | $ | 0.32 |  |  | $ | 1.41 |
Exercise price | $ | 0.42 |  |  | $ | 1.97 |
Expected life of options (in years) | 6.3 |  |  | 5.9 |
Risk-free interest rate | 1.9 | % |  | 2.6 | %
Expected volatility | 90.0 | % |  | 84.2 | %
Dividend yield | 0.0 | % |  | 0.0 | %
Summary of option activity | A summary of option activity under all plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is presented as follows:
| Number of Options |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 292,871 |  |  | $ | 3.78 |  |  |
Granted | 450,000 |  |  | 0.42 |  |  |
Canceled/forfeited | (151,993 | ) |  | 2.90 |  |  |
Expired | (27,525 | ) |  | 5.33 |  |  |
Balance at September 30, 2019 | 563,353 |  |  | $ | 1.26 |  |  | 9.1
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2019 | 420,864 |  |  | $ | 1.54 |  |  | 8.9
Exercisable at September 30, 2019 | 109,837 |  |  | $ | 4.63 |  |  | 6.3
Summary of restricted stock activity | A summary of restricted stock unit activity under all plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is presented as follows:
| Restricted Stock Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 546,858 |  |  | $ | 2.54 |  |  |
Granted | 27,187 |  |  | 1.04 |  |  |
Released | (377,894 | ) |  | 2.51 |  |  |
Canceled/forfeited | (152,441 | ) |  | 2.32 |  |  |
Balance at September 30, 2019 | 43,710 |  |  | $ | 2.62 |  |  | 1.2

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the allocation of equity-based compensation costs to a given line item on the balance sheet and income statement for the period. This may include the reporting line for the costs and the amount capitalized and expensed. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h)(1) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.F) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=115993241&loc=d3e301413-122809 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5047-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(1) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (f)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109197908&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Disclosure of the number and weighted-average grant date fair value for restricted stock and restricted stock units that were outstanding at the beginning and end of the year, and the number of restricted stock and restricted stock units that were granted, vested, or forfeited during the year. + References No definition available. + Details
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