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Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets The following table sets forth our acquired intangible assets by major asset class as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands except for useful life data):
|  |  |  | December 31, 2017 |  |  | December 31, 2016 |
|  | Useful life (years) |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated amortization |  |  | Net book value before impairment |  |  | Impairment charge in 2016 |  |  | Net book value |  |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated amortization |  |  | Net book value before impairment |  |  | Impairment charge |  |  | Net book value |
Purchased technology |  | 5-6 |  | $ | 265 |  |  | $ | (78 | ) |  | $ | 187 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 187 |  |  | $ | 265 |  |  | $ | (32 | ) |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 233 |
Customer relationships |  | 3-6 |  |  | 999 |  |  |  | (324 | ) |  |  | 675 |  |  |  | (411 | ) |  |  | 264 |  |  |  | 999 |  |  |  | (147 | ) |  |  | 852 |  |  |  | (411 | ) |  |  | 441 |
Trademarks/trade names |  | 2 |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29 |
Non-compete |  | 3 |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | (25 | ) |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | 42 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 42 |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 1,353 |  |  | $ | (455 | ) |  | $ | 898 |  |  | $ | (411 | ) |  | $ | 487 |  |  | $ | 1,353 |  |  | $ | (197 | ) |  | $ | 1,156 |  |  | $ | (411 | ) |  | $ | 745 |
Intangible assets amortization expense was $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Future amortization expense related to intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 are as follows (in thousands):
Year Ending December 31, |  |  |  |
2018 |  |  | 249 |
2019 |  |  | 143 |
2020 |  |  | 46 |
2021 |  |  | 40 |
2022 |  |  | 9 |
Beyond |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 487 |
Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets The Company accounts for goodwill and intangible assets as required by FASB ASC Topic No. 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. This statement requires us to periodically assess the impairment of our goodwill and intangible assets, which requires us to make assumptions and judgments regarding the carrying value of these assets. These assets are considered to be impaired if we determine that their carrying value may not be recoverable based upon our assessment of the following events or changes in circumstances:
| • | a determination that the carrying value of such assets cannot be recovered through undiscounted cash flows;
| • | loss of legal ownership or title to the assets;
| • | significant changes in our strategic business objectives and utilization of the assets; or
| • | the impact of significant negative industry or economic trends.
If the intangible assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment we recognize is the amount by which the carrying value of the intangible assets exceeds the fair value of the intangible assets. In addition, we base the useful lives and the related amortization expense on our estimate of the useful life of the intangible assets. Due to the numerous variables associated with our judgments and assumptions relating to the carrying value of our intangible assets and the effects of changes in circumstances affecting these valuations, both the precision and reliability of the resulting estimates are subject to uncertainty, and as additional information becomes known, we may change our estimate, in which case, the likelihood of a material change in our reported results would increase. The Company recognized an impairment loss of $0.4 million in the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016 related to an intangible asset acquired from our Birdstep acquisition. We review the recoverability of the carrying value of goodwill at least annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment. Our annual impairment testing date is December 31. Recoverability of goodwill is determined by comparing the estimated fair value of our reporting units to the carrying value of the underlying net assets in the reporting units. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is determined to be less than the fair value of its net assets, goodwill is deemed impaired and an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the difference between the estimated fair value of the reporting unit and the fair value of its other assets and liabilities. We determined that we did not have any impairment of goodwill at December 31, 2017.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144416 + Details
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