<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--Generated by DFIN XBRL Instance Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ - Version R3.0 - on 20-November-2025 [10:15:17] {PM}-->
<schema targetNamespace="http://www.allurion.com/20241231" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:alur="http://www.allurion.com/20241231" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xl="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/XLink" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2025" xmlns:deprecated="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/arcrole/fact-explanatoryFact" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2025" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31">
  <annotation>
    <appinfo />
  </annotation>
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei-sub/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-sub-2025.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-2025.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-types-2025.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd-sub/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025/ecd-sub-2025.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025/ecd-2025.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-roles/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-roles-2025.xsd" />
  <element name="InsiderTradingPoliciesandProceduresAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="alur_InsiderTradingPoliciesandProceduresAbstract" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
  <element name="AwardTimingDisclosureAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="alur_AwardTimingDisclosureAbstract" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
</schema>
