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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and are expressed in U.S. dollars.

 

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates include contract liabilities related to product sales, useful lives for property and equipment and related depreciation calculations, assumptions for valuing options and warrants, the fair value of contingent consideration, intangible assets, goodwill, stock-based compensation, income taxes and other contingencies.

 

These estimates are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Estimates, judgments, and assumptions are continuously evaluated and are based on management’s experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Uncertainty about these assumptions, judgments and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

 

Reclassification, Comparability Adjustment [Policy Text Block]

Change in Accounting and Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements

 

During the third quarter of 2022, the Company made an accounting policy change election related to fulfillment fees paid to third-party online retailers such as Amazon. The Company began expensing these fees as incurred as product cost of goods sold in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company previously recorded revenue net of these fees. The Company believes that making this change is appropriate and preferable as it is more consistent with the practices of comparable companies as the Company increasingly focus on commercial growth in our direct to consumer on-line channels. Changes to prior period amounts presented in this report have been made to conform to the current period presentation. See additional information under “Revenue Recognition” below. The changes had no impact on operating loss, net loss or net loss per share in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual and quarterly financial statements. The changes also did not impact cash or ending cash balances in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual and quarterly financial statements.

 

While reviewing its accounting policy for fulfillment fees during the third quarter of 2022, the Company identified an error in its previously issued financial statements whereby the Company had been incorrectly presenting revenue net of selling commissions paid to third-party online retailers. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company concluded that these commissions relate to a sales activity and began expensing them as incurred as sales and marketing expenses within the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The identified error impacted the Company’s previously issued 2022 first and second quarter financial statements, as well as the 2021 annual financial statements. Management believes that the impact of these adjustments to correct such error is immaterial to the previously issued consolidated financial statements, based on an evaluation of both quantitative and qualitative factors. However, revisions to prior period amounts presented in this report have been made to conform to the current period presentation. See additional information under “Revenue Recognition” below. The revisions had no impact on operating loss, net loss or net loss per share in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual consolidated financial statements. The changes also did not impact cash or ending cash balances in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual consolidated financial statements.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

 

The Company considers all highly-liquid instruments with a stated maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held in a major financial institution in the United States.

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of the cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in the consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):

 

  

December 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 $5,362  $7,504 

Restricted cash included in other assets

  484   475 

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash in the consolidated statements of cash flows

 $5,846  $7,979 

 

The restricted cash amount included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets represents amounts held as certificates of deposit for long-term financing and lease arrangements as contractually required by our financial institution and landlord.

 

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Major Partners

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. The Company maintains deposits of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash with a major financial institution in the United States. 

 

The Company has significant cash balances at financial institutions which throughout the year regularly exceed the federally insured limit of $250,000. Any loss incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

 

During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, revenues were derived primarily from sales of Avenova branded products, directly to consumers through Amazon.com, and Avenova.com. Revenues in the 2022 and 2021 fiscal years also included sales of DERMAdoctor branded products (with 2021 revenue only including revenue from DERMAdoctor branded products beginning at the closing of the DERMAdoctor Acquisition).

 

During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, revenues from significant product categories were as follows (in thousands):

 

  

For the Years Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Avenova Spray

 $7,651  $8,565 

DERMAdoctor

  4,155   649 

NeutroPhase

  976   368 

Other products

  1,592   598 

Total product revenue, net

  14,374   10,180 

Other revenue, net

  30   24 

Total sales, net

 $14,404  $10,204 

 

During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, sales of Avenova Spray via Amazon comprised 73% and 67%, respectively, of total Avenova Spray net revenue. No other individual distributor comprised greater than 10% of total Avenova Spray net revenue during the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021.

 

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, accounts receivable from our major distribution partners and major retailers greater than 10% were as follows:

 

  

December 31,

  

December 31,

 

Major distribution partner

 2022  2021 

Avenova Spray Pharmacy Distributor A

  30

%

  11

%

Major U.S. Retailer A

  15

%

  *

%

Avenova Spray Pharmacy Distributor B

  11

%

  *

%

Major U.S. Retailer B

  *

%

  33

%

Avenova Spray Pharmacy Distributor C

  *

%

  13

%

 

* Less than 10%

 

The Company relies on seven contract manufacturers to produce its products. The Company does not own any manufacturing facilities and intends to continue to rely on third parties for the supply of finished goods. Contract manufacturers may or may not be able to meet the Company’s needs with respect to timing, quantity or quality. In particular, it is possible that the Company may suffer from unexpected delays in light of the global supply chain issues.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

 

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, warrant liabilities, and contingent consideration. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

The Company follows ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, with respect to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and nonrecurring basis. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. The standard also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable; and

Level 3 – inputs that are unobservable (for example, cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).

 

Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

Receivables, Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

The Company charges bad debt expense and records an allowance for doubtful accounts when management believes it to be unlikely that specific invoices will be collected. Management identifies amounts due that are in dispute and believes are unlikely to be collected. As of December 31, 2022, management recorded a $19 thousand reserve for allowance for doubtful accounts, and no reserve for allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2021.

 

Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Inventory

 

Inventory is comprised of (1) raw materials and supplies, such as bottles, packaging materials, labels, boxes and pumps; (2) goods in progress, which are normally filled but unlabeled bottles; and (3) finished goods. The Company utilizes contract manufacturers to produce our products and the price paid to these manufacturers is included in inventory. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value determined by the first-in, first-out method. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, management had recorded an allowance for excess and obsolete inventory at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value of $499 thousand and $641 thousand, respectively. 

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment, net

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets of five to seven years for office and laboratory equipment, three to five years for computer equipment and software, and five to seven years for furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lease term.

 

The costs of normal maintenance, repairs, and minor replacements are expensed as incurred. 

 

Business Combinations Policy [Policy Text Block]

Business Combinations 

 

We account for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The acquisition method requires that identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized and measured at fair value on the acquisition date, which is the date that the acquirer obtains control of the acquired business. The amount by which the fair value of consideration transferred as the purchase price exceeds the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill.

 

The determination of estimated fair value requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions. These fair value determinations require judgment and involve the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, and asset lives, among other items. As a result, the Company may record adjustments to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) with the corresponding offset to goodwill.

 

Transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as they are incurred.

 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Intangible assets are measured at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date and may be subject to adjustment within the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the assets are impaired.

 

Goodwill is evaluated for impairment by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether a quantitative goodwill test is necessary. If it is determined, based on qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit may more likely than not be less than carrying amount, or if significant adverse changes in the Company's future financial performance occur that could materially impact fair value, a quantitative goodwill impairment test would be required. Additionally, management can elect to forgo the qualitative assessment and perform the quantitative test. If the qualitative assessment indicates that the quantitative analysis should be performed, or if management elects to bypass a qualitative assessment, the Company then evaluates goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. The quantitative assessment for goodwill requires management to estimate the fair value of the Company's reporting units using either an income or market approach or a combination thereof.

 

Management makes critical assumptions and estimates in completing impairment assessments of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets. The Company's cash flow projections look several years into the future and include assumptions on variables such as future sales and operating margin growth rates, economic conditions, probability of success, market competition, inflation and discount rates.

 

The Company acquired DERMAdoctor in November 2021, and since completing this transaction it has been working to integrate and expand the DERMAdoctor business in order to achieve strategic objectives that the Company expected by completing this acquisition, including revenue growth, cost reductions and achieving overall profitability. The Company has not been able to achieve these objectives in fiscal 2022, as DERMAdoctor’s product revenue declined in 2022 compared to 2021, while operating costs relating to these products increased. In addition, as a result of the performance of the DERMAdoctor business in fiscal 2022, management revised its forecast for the future performance of DERMAdoctor products.

 

During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis following the steps laid out in ASC 350-20-35-3C. The Company’s annual impairment analysis included a qualitative assessment to determine if it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. In performing the qualitative assessment, the Company reviewed events and circumstances that could affect the significant inputs used to determine if the fair value is less than the carrying value of goodwill. The Company performed a Step 0 goodwill impairment analysis and determined that the fair value of the reporting unit may more likely than not be less than carrying amount, which necessitated the Company performing the quantitative impairment test. After performing the quantitative impairment test in accordance with ASC 350-20-35-3C, the Company determined that goodwill related to its DERMAdoctor reporting unit was impaired by $4.2 million, as of December 31, 2022, which is reflected in the goodwill, intangible and other asset impairment caption in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The impairment impact on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was a $4.2 million reduction to the goodwill caption. The Company did not record any goodwill impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

The Company completed its indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment assessment during the fourth quarter of 2022. The Company evaluated, on the basis of the weight of the evidence, the significance of all identified events and circumstances that could affect the significant inputs used to determine the fair value of the Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets for determining whether it is more likely than not that the Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired. After assessing the totality of events and circumstances, and their potential effect on significant inputs to the fair value calculation, the Company determined that it is more likely than not that its indefinite-lived intangible assets related to its DERMAdoctor reporting unit were impaired. As such, the Company performed a quantitative impairment test on its indefinite-lived intangible assets. Based on the quantitative impairment test, the Company determined that its indefinite-lived trade name intangible asset should be impaired by $1.0 million as of December 31, 2022, which is reflected in the goodwill, intangible and other asset impairment caption in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company did not record any indefinite-lived intangible asset impairments during the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

Valuation of Contingent Consideration from Business Combination Policy [Policy Text Block]

Valuation of Contingent Consideration Resulting from a Business Combination

 

In connection with certain acquisitions, including the acquisition of DERMAdoctor, the Company may be required to pay future consideration that is contingent upon the achievement of specified milestone events. The Company records contingent consideration resulting from a business combination at its fair value on the acquisition date. Each quarter thereafter, the Company revalues these obligations and records increases or decreases in the fair value within the consolidated statement of operations until such time as the specified milestone achievement period is complete.

 

Increases or decreases in fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities can result from updates to assumptions such as the expected timing or probability of achieving the specified milestones. Significant judgment is employed in determining these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Updates to assumptions could have a significant impact on the Company’s results of operations in any given period. Actual results may differ from estimates.

 

As of December 31, 2022, the Company determined that the above-mentioned milestones related to the DERMAdoctor acquisition were not met for the first calendar year of the post-closing earn out and are not expected to be met in the second calendar year of the post-closing earn out, based on projections; therefore, the liability for the potential earn out payments was determined to be zero. As a result, the Company recognized a $0.6 million non-cash gain related to the change in fair value of the contingent consideration for the year then ended December 31, 2022, which is reflected in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

 

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Including Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Long-Lived Assets 

 

The Company’s intangible assets that do not have indefinite lives (primarily trade secrets / product formulations) are amortized over their estimated useful lives. All of the Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization and other long-lived assets, including operating lease right-of-use assets, are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, which requires that companies consider whether events or changes in facts and circumstances, both internally and externally, may indicate that an impairment of long-lived assets held for use or right-of-use assets are present. The Company reviews long-lived assets and right-of-use assets for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. In the event that such cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the carrying amount of the asset, the assets are written down to their estimated fair values and the loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

In connection with the above-mentioned DERMAdoctor reporting unit impairment, discussed in the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets caption above, the Company determined that certain of its DERMAdoctor business definite long-lived intangible assets and property and equipment were also impaired. As such, the Company has recorded an impairment charge in the year ended December 31, 2022 of $1.6 million for the impairment of long-lived intangible assets which is reflected in the caption goodwill, intangible and other asset impairment in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations, and of $66 thousand, net for property, plant and equipment which is reflected in the general and administrative caption in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. There were no impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]

Leases

 

At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present. Operating lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As such, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow, on a collateralized basis over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use assets may be required for items such as initial direct costs paid or incentives received.

 

The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components as a single component for all leases in which it is a lessee or a lessor. The lease expense is recognized over the expected term on a straight-line basis. Operating leases are recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities current and operating lease liabilities non-current.

 

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized from the sale of goods in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when or as the Company’s performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of the promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to receive. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps as prescribed by ASC 606:

 

 

i.

identify the contract(s) with a customer;

 

 

ii.

identify the performance obligations in the contract;

 

 

iii.

determine the transaction price;

 

 

iv.

allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

 

 

v.

recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies performance obligations.

 

Revenue is generated through the Company’s webstores, Avenova.com and DERMAdoctor.com, for Avenova and DERMAdoctor products. Such direct to consumer sales are recognized upon fulfillment, which generally occurs upon delivery of the related products to a third-party carrier. Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and included in product cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company presents revenue net of sales taxes and refunds. 

 

Revenue generated through third-party online retailers, including Amazon, is recognized when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, which generally occurs upon delivery of the products to a third-party carrier.

 

The Company pays third-party online retailers advertising & promotion fees, selling commissions and fulfillment fees. Advertising & promotion fees are expensed as incurred as sales and marketing expenses within operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, the Company recorded revenue net of selling commissions and fulfillment fees.  Beginning in the third quarter of 2022, as further described below, the Company began expensing selling commissions as sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and fulfillment fees as product cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Prior to the third quarter of 2022, to determine its accounting for fulfillment fees, the Company evaluated principal versus agent considerations with respect to the obligation to ship its product to the customer. The Company assessed whether the nature of the Company’s obligation is as a principal in providing the fulfillment service or as an agent in promising to arrange for a third party to provide the fulfillment service. The Company concluded that it is an agent with respect to the shipping service as the Company does not control the service itself and, therefore, its obligation is that of a promise to arrange for the service. This determination involved significant judgement. In accordance with this conclusion, prior to the third quarter of 2022, the Company recorded revenue net of fulfillment fees. Beginning in the third quarter of 2022, the Company made an accounting policy change election, as a practical expedient, to account for the shipping fees as a fulfillment activity and began expensing them as incurred within product cost of goods sold in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Management believes the resulting accounting changes are preferable as they conform the Company’s practice to a majority of comparable filers and other similar sales channels. Changes to amounts presented for prior periods have been made to conform to these changes. These changes did not impact operating loss, net loss or loss per share in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual consolidated financial statements. The changes also did not impact cash or ending cash balances in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual consolidated financial statements.

 

Prior to the third quarter of 2022, the Company also recorded revenue net of selling commissions. During the third quarter of 2022, the Company concluded that these commissions relate to a sales activity and began expensing them as incurred as sales and marketing expenses within the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company determined that its treatment prior to the third quarter of 2022 was an error. The identified error impacted the Company's previously issued 2022 and 2021 quarterly, and 2021 and 2020 annual financial statements. Management believes that the impact of this error is immaterial to the previously issued consolidated financial statements, based on an evaluation of both quantitative and qualitative factors. However, revisions to prior period amounts presented in this report have been made to conform to the current period presentation as outlined below. The revisions had no impact on operating loss, net loss or net loss per share in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual consolidated financial statements. The changes also did not impact cash or ending cash balances in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in the periods presented in this report or in previously issued annual consolidated financial statements.

 

Financial statement line items included in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 were adjusted for the above changes as follows (in thousands):

 

  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

 
  

As Previously

Reported

  

Selling

Commissions

  

Fulfillment

Fees

  

As Revised

 

Sales

                

Product revenue, net

 $8,397  $870  $913  $10,180 

Cost of goods sold

                

Cost of goods sold

  2,776   -   913   3,689 

Operating expenses

                

Sales and marketing

  7,223   870   -   8,093 
                 

Net loss

  (5,824

)

  -   -   (5,824

)

                 

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders (basic and diluted)

  (5.26

)

  -   -   (5.26

)

 

The Company also generates Avenova Spray revenue through major pharmacy distribution partners. Product supply of Avenova Spray is the only performance obligation contained in these arrangements, and the Company recognizes product revenue upon transfer of control to its major distribution partners at the amount of consideration that the Company expects to be entitled to, generally upon delivery to the distributor on a “sell-in” basis. Upon recognition of product sales, contract liabilities are recorded for invoiced amounts that are subject to reversal, including product revenue allowances for cash consideration paid to customers for services, discounts, rebate programs, and product returns. The Company derives its rate of return and other contract liabilities from historical data and updates its assumptions quarterly. Payment for product supply is typically due 30 days after control transfers to the distributor.

 

Revenue for products sales to Costco is recognized upon transfer of control at the amount of consideration that the Company expects to be entitled to, generally upon delivery to Costco. Upon recognition of product sales, contract liabilities are recorded for invoiced amounts that are subject to reversal, including discounts and product returns. The Company derives its rate of return from historical data and updates its return rate assumption quarterly. Payment for product supply is typically due 30 days after control transfers to Costco.

 

Revenue generated through the Company’s partner pharmacies is recognized when control of the product transfers to the end customer.

 

Revenue for product sales to other retailers, such as CVS, is generally recognized upon transfer of control to the retailer, which generally occurs upon delivery of the products to a third-party carrier, net of estimated future product returns.

 

The Company’s accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, on December 31, 2020 was $1.1 million.

 

Cost of Goods Sold [Policy Text Block]

Cost of Goods Sold

 

Cost of goods sold includes third-party manufacturing costs, shipping and handling costs, third-party fulfillment fees, and other costs associated with products sold. Cost of goods sold also includes any necessary allowance for excess and obsolete inventory along with lower of cost and estimated net realizable value.

 

Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development Costs

 

The Company charges research and development costs to expense as incurred. These costs include all costs associated with research, development and regulatory activities, including submissions to the Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”).

 

Patent Costs Policy [Policy Text Block]

Patent Costs

 

Patent costs, including legal expenses, are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Patent expenses are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Advertising Cost [Policy Text Block]

Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred. Advertising costs are included in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising expenses were $2.0 million and $3.2 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company’s stock-based compensation includes grants of stock options and RSUs to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. The expense associated with these grants is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity based on their fair values as they are earned under the applicable vesting terms. For stock options granted, the fair value of the stock options is estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. See Note 15, “Equity-Based Compensation” for further information regarding stock-based compensation expense and the assumptions used in estimating that expense. The Company accounts for RSUs issued to employees and non-employees (directors, consultants and advisory board members) based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of the date of issuance.

 

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be recognized.

 

Warrant Liabilities [Policy Text Block]

Common Stock Warrants

 

The Company accounts for common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with its equity offerings in accordance with the provisions of ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging.

 

The Company accounts for common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with share-based compensation arrangements in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Stock Compensation, which encompasses the provisions of ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.

 

The Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) give the Company a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net-cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside the control of the Company), (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) or (iii) do not become exercisable until the occurrence of a contingent event. Additionally, for common stock purchase warrants accounted for in accordance with ASC 718, Stock Compensation, the Company classifies as liabilities any contracts where it believes the warrants are deemed to be probable of issuance.

 

For warrants that are classified as liabilities, the Company records the fair value of the warrants at each balance sheet date and records changes in the estimated fair value as a non-cash gain or loss in the consolidated statements of operations. The fair values of these warrants are determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the Binomial Lattice (“Lattice”) valuation model, or the Monte Carlo simulation model where deemed appropriate. These values are subject to a significant degree of management’s judgment.

 

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Net Loss per Share

 

The Company computes net loss per share by presenting both basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”).

 

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period, including stock options and warrants, using the treasury stock method. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used to determine the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Potentially dilutive common share equivalents are excluded from the diluted EPS computation in net loss periods if their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Preferred Stock was excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their inclusion on an “if converted” basis would have been anti-dilutive.  For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Preferred Stock was considered anti-dilutive as a result of such securities not having a contractual obligation to participate in losses of the Company.

 

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic EPS and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

  

For the Years Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Numerator

        

Net loss

 $(10,608

)

 $(5,824

)

Less: Preferred deemed dividend

     735 

Less: Retained earnings reduction related to preferred stock down round feature triggered

  5,657    

Net loss attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted

 $(16,265

)

 $(6,559

)

         

Denominator

        

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, basic and diluted

  1,610   1,247 

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted

 $(10.10

)

 $(5.26

)

 

The following outstanding stock options and stock warrants were excluded from the diluted EPS computation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):

 

  

For the Years Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  2021  

Stock options

  132   127 

Stock warrants

  2,306   202 
   2,438   329 

 

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, DebtDebt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and HedgingContracts in Entitys Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entitys Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”). ASU 2020-06 simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing the separation models for (1) convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. As a result, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost. ASU 2020-06 also requires the application of the if-converted method for calculating diluted earnings per share and the treasury stock method will be no longer available. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2022, and the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial InstrumentsCredit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The amendments in ASU 2016-13 require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. ASU 2016-13 is effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning  January 1, 2023. The Company will adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.