UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to _____________

Commission file number: 001-34260

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada |  | 36-3526027
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Third floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road

Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, PRC 710065

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number: +86-29-88266368

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value Per Share |  | NYSE

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such report(s)), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒ | Smaller reporting company ☒
| Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $27,658,255 as of December 29, 2023, based on the closing price $3.03 of the Company’s common stock on such date.

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock on October 15, 2024, was 14,793,538.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED June 30, 2024

| PAGE
PART I |  |
Item 1. | Business | 1
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 19
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments | 40
Item 2. | Properties | 40
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | 42
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 42
PART II |  |
Item 5. | Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 43
Item 6. | [Reserved] | 44
Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 45
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 53
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 54
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 54
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures | 55
Item 9B. | Other Information | 55
Item 9C. | Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevents Inspections | 55
PART III |  |
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 56
Item 11. | Executive Compensation | 60
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholders Matters | 67
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | 68
Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | 70
PART IV |  |
Item 15. | Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules | 71
Item 16. | Form 10-K Summary | 71
SIGNATURES | 72
EXHIBIT INDEX | 73
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | F-1

i

PART I

Item 1. Business

China Green Agriculture, Inc., a Nevada corporation (‘we” or “the Company”), is primarily engaged in the research, development, production, and sale of various types of fertilizers and agricultural products through its wholly owned subsidiaries, Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (“Jinong”), and Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., (“Gufeng”) in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), all of which are engaged in fertilizer production. Also, Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Tianjuyuan”) is a subsidiary of Gufeng. In addition, we operate through variable interest entity (the “VIE”), Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Yuxing”), which is engaged in agricultural products production in PRC.

Our primary business is fertilizer products, specifically humic acid-based compound fertilizer produced through Jinong; and compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizers, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizers, and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer produced through Gufeng. In Yuxing, we develop and produce agricultural products such as top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings. Besides agriculture, since March 2023, we have started to purchase digital assets mining machines and established Antaeus Tech Inc. (“Antaeus”) in the State of Delaware to mine digital assets, specifically Bitcoin, in the State of Texas. Through Antaeus, we produce or “mine” digital assets Bitcoin with a focus on the blockchain ecosystem and the generation of digital assets.

As our core business, we generated $85,144,156 and $114,275,845 in fertilizer production, or 88.8% and 92.1% of our total revenues (excluding discontinued operations) for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our total annual production capacity was 555,000 metric tons as of June 30, 2024.

As of June 30, 2024, we sold our products through a network of 935 regional distributors covering 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions, and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. We do not rely on any single distributor. Our top five distributors accounted for approximately 27.4% of our fertilizer revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

As of June 30, 2024, we have developed 407 different fertilizer products. We conduct our research and development activities through Yuxing, VIE associated with Jinong, which tests new fertilizers and grows high-quality flowers, vegetables and seedlings for commercial sales.

During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, our revenues from continuing operations were $95,845,788 and $124,140,355, respectively; our net loss for these periods was $(28,405,315) and $(13,281,985), respectively.

Recent Developments

Establishment of Crypto Currency Mining Business

On March 13, 2023, the Company established Antaeus Tech Inc. under the laws of the state of Delaware. From April 10, 2023, Antaeus started to purchase Bitmain Antminer S19 Pro mining machines and began mining crypto currency in West Texas.

On December 27, 2023, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Zhibiao Pan for the purchase by the Company from Zhibiao Pan of all of the outstanding stock of Lonestar Dream, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lonestar”). Zhibiao Pan serves as the Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and is the sole shareholder of Lonestar. The acquisition is currently ongoing.

1

Our History

The Company was incorporated under the laws of the state of Kansas on February 6, 1987 under the name Videophone, Inc. The Company had no operations from December 1996 to December 2007. In October 2007, the Company was reincorporated in the state of Nevada. On December 26, 2007, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding capital stock of Green Agriculture Holding Corporation (“Green New Jersey”), through a share exchange (the “Share Exchange”). As a result of the Share Exchange, the Company owned 100% of Green New Jersey. The Share Exchange occurred simultaneously with a private placement of $20,519,255 on December 26, 2007.

Green New Jersey was incorporated on January 27, 2007 under the laws of the State of New Jersey. On August 24, 2007, Green New Jersey acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Jinong, a company incorporated in the PRC on June 19, 2000.

After the acquisition of Green New Jersey, the Company changed its name to China Green Agriculture, Inc., effective on February 5, 2008.

On July 23, 2009, Yuxing became a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Jinong to facilitate the research and development of agricultural products and fertilizers. Effective June 16, 2013, Yuxing was converted into a PRC domestic enterprise wholly owned by an individual who entered into a series of contractual agreements with Jinong pursuant to which Yuxing became VIE associated with Jinong.

On March 9, 2009, the Company’s common stock was listed on the NYSE MKT, formerly known as NYSE Amex Equities under the trading symbol “CGA”. On December 4, 2009, the Company voluntarily ceased trading its common stock on the NYSE Amex Equities and transferred its listing to the New York Stock Exchange on December 7, 2009. The Company’s ticker symbol remained “CGA”.

On July 2, 2010, the Company, through Jinong, consummated a transaction to acquire all equity interests of Gufeng and its subsidiary Tianjuyuan. As a result, Gufeng and Tianjuyuan became wholly owned subsidiaries of Jinong and indirect subsidiaries of the Company.

On June 30, 2016, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, entered strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following six companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and are deemed to be VIEs: Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd., Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd., Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd.

On January 1, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following two companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and are deemed to be VIEs: Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd.

On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai.

On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd., and Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.

On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.

On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.

On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.

On March 13, 2023, the Company established Antaeus Tech Inc. (“Antaeus”) in the State of Delaware. In April 2023, Antaeus started to purchase digital assets mining machines and began to mine Bitcoin in West Texas.

On December 27, 2023, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Zhibiao Pan for the purchase by the Company from Zhibiao Pan of all of the outstanding stock of Lonestar Dream, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lonestar”). Zhibiao Pan serves as the Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and is the sole shareholder of Lonestar. The acquisition is currently ongoing.

Our principal executive offices are located at 3rd Floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China 710065 and our telephone number is +86-29-88266368. Our website address is www.cgagri.com. The Company routinely posts important information on its website.

2

Our current corporate structure is set forth in the following diagram:

The foregoing table sets forth the relationship among these entities in summary form. It should be noted that one of the entities in the table is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), which is not directly owned by the Company. A variable interest entity is a legal business structure in which a person (or company) has some level of control despite not having a majority of voting rights. This is because the controlling interest is arranged via a contractual relationship rather than direct ownership. In general, a business that is the primary beneficiary of a VIE must disclose the holdings of that entity as part of its consolidated balance sheet. However, the contractual agreements are not equivalent to equity ownership in the business of the VIE. The contractual relationships are structured to allow the Company to allow the Company to consolidate the results of the VIE under U.S. GAAP. The result of this is that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE for accounting purposes. The VIE agreements, and their impact on the Company’s accounting, have not been tested in a court of law. As a result of this structure, there are some unique risks facing the Company. Please refer to Item 1A, Risk Factors-Risks Related to Doing Business in the PRC for more detailed information.

The Company (or its direct or indirect subsidiaries, Jinong) has a contractual relationship with the VIE, which can be described as follows:

Entrusted Management Agreement

Under an Entrusted Management Agreement with the shareholders of the VIE (the “Entrusted Management Agreement”), the VIE and its shareholders agree to entrust the operations and management of their businesses to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. According to the form of Entrusted Management Agreement, the Company subsidiary possesses the full and exclusive right to manage the VIE’s operations, assets and personnel, has the right to control the VIE’s cash flows through an entrusted bank account, is entitled to the VIE’s net profits as a management fee, is obligated to pay all the VIE’s payables and loan payments, and bears all losses of the VIE.

Exclusive Technology Supply Agreement

The Exclusive Technology Supply Agreement between the Company’s subsidiary and the VIE provides that the Company subsidiary is the exclusive technology provider to the VIE. The VIE agrees to pay the Company subsidiary all fees payable for technology supply prior to making any payments under the Entrusted Management Agreement.

Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreement

Pursuant to a Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreement among the Company subsidiary and the shareholders of the VIE, the shareholders of the VIE irrevocably appoint the Company subsidiary as their proxy to exercise on such shareholders’ behalf all of their voting rights as shareholders pursuant to PRC law and the Articles of Association of the VIE, including the appointment and election of directors of the VIE. The Company subsidiary agrees that it shall maintain a board of directors, the composition and appointment of which shall be approved by the Board of the Company.

3

Exclusive Option Agreement

Under an Exclusive Option Agreement among the Company subsidiary, the VIE, and the shareholders of the VIE, the shareholders of the VIE grant the Company subsidiary an irrevocable and exclusive purchase option to acquire the VIE ’s equity interests and/or remaining assets, but only to the extent that the acquisition does not violate limitations imposed by PRC law on such transactions. The consideration for the exercise of the option is to be determined by the parties and memorialized in the future by definitive agreements setting forth the kind and value of such consideration.

Equity Pledge Agreement

Pursuant to the terms of Equity Pledge Agreement among the Company subsidiary and the shareholders of the VIE, the shareholders of the VIE pledge all of their equity interests in the VIE to the Company subsidiary, to guarantee all of the Company subsidiary’s rights and benefits under the Entrusted Management Agreement, the Exclusive Technology Supply Agreement, the Shareholder’ Voting Proxy Agreement and the Exclusive Option Agreement.

Non-Compete Agreement

The Non-Compete Agreement provides the shareholders of the VIE agree that for five (5) years after termination of their services with the Company subsidiary, they will not provide services or accept positions with by any profit-making organizations with businesses that may compete with the Company subsidiary.

Although these agreements allow the Company to exert effective control over the VIE, the Company owns no direct equity interest in it, and any increase in the value of the VIE will accrue to the benefit of the shareholders of the VIE, and not the Company. We depend on the VIE to hold and maintain agriculture products contracts with our customers. Although we believe that that each contract with the VIE is valid, binding and enforceable under current PRC laws and regulations in effect, these contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over the VIE as direct ownership would be. In addition, the VIE could breach the contractual arrangements. In the event of any such breach, we would have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law. These remedies may not always be available or effective, particularly considering uncertainties in the PRC legal system. The VIE may also seek to renew its agreements on terms that are disadvantageous to us. Although we have entered into a series of agreements that provide us with substantial ability to control the VIE, we may not succeed in enforcing our rights under them insofar as our contractual rights and legal remedies under PRC law are inadequate. If we are unable to renew these agreements on favorable terms when these agreements expire or enter into similar agreements with other parties, our business may not be able to operate or expand, and our operating expenses may significantly increase. In addition, although we do not rely on revenues of the VIE, the VIE structure is subject to uncertainty amid the PRC’s changing legislative practice. In January 2015, China’s Ministry of Commerce unveiled draft legislation that could change how the government regulates corporate structures, especially for VIEs controlled by foreign investments. Instead of looking at “ownership,” the draft law focuses on the entities or individuals who control a VIE. If a VIE is deemed to be controlled by foreign investors, it may be barred from operating in restricted sectors or the prohibited sectors listed on a “negative list,” where only companies controlled by Chinese nationals could operate, even if structured as VIEs. If the draft law is implemented in any form, and the Company’s business is characterized as one of the “restricted” or “prohibited” sectors, the VIE may be barred from operation, which would materially adversely affect our business.

Cash Flows through Our Organization

We are a holding company, and we conduct most of our operations through our PRC subsidiaries, the VIE and one subsidiary in the United States, and we plan to diversify our operations further in the future. For instance, we are currently working on integrating assets in the United States, which is part of our broader strategy to expand our global presence and operational capabilities. Cash is transferred through our organization in the following manner: (1) Within our corporate structure, the cross-border transfer of funds from the Company to its Chinese subsidiaries and controlled entities is in compliance with the laws and regulations of the PRC. The Company may make loans to its PRC subsidiaries subject to the approval, registration, and filing with governmental authorities and limitation of amount, or we may make additional capital contributions to our wholly foreign-owned subsidiaries in China; (2) the Company paid a dividend to its shareholders of $ 0.10 per share in 2015, but has paid none since then; (3) The Company relies on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by its PRC subsidiaries for its cash needs, to service any debt it may incur and to pay its operating expenses. For the operating companies in the PRC, they will first transfer funds to Green New Jersey in accordance with applicable laws and regulations of the PRC, and then Green New Jersey will transfer legally available funds to the Company. The Company may then distribute dividends to its shareholders in proportion to their respective shareholdings. The PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementing rules provide those dividends paid by a PRC entity to a nonresident enterprise for income tax purposes is subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate of 10%, subject to reduction by an applicable tax treaty with China. The Company and its subsidiaries generate and retain cash generated from operating activities and re-invest it in our business. (4) The ability of our entities in the PRC to distribute dividends is based upon their distributable earnings. Current PRC regulations permit companies to pay dividends to their respective shareholders only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. We currently do not have our own cash management policy and procedures that dictate how funds are transferred.

For the years ended June 30, 2023 and 2024, no assets other than cash were transferred between the Company and subsidiaries or the VIE, no subsidiaries paid dividends or made other distributions to the Company, and no dividends or distributions were paid to investors. We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business.

4

Effects of PRC foreign exchange regulations on our ability to transfer assets within our organization

Current foreign exchange and other regulations in the PRC may restrict our PRC subsidiaries and VIE in their ability to transfer their net assets to the Company and its subsidiaries and to investors. The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of the Renminbi (RMB) into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. Under our current corporate structure, the Company as the holding company may rely on dividend payments from its subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements the Company may have. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (the “SAFE”) by complying with certain procedural requirements. Specifically, under the existing exchange restrictions, without prior approval of SAFE, cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiaries in China may be used to pay dividends to the Company. However, approval from or registration with appropriate government authorities is required where Renminbi is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, we need to obtain SAFE approval to use cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiaries and VIE to pay off their respective debt in a currency other than Renminbi owed to entities outside China, or to make other capital expenditure payments outside China in a currency other than Renminbi.

In light of the flood of capital outflows of China in 2016 due to the weakening Renminbi, the PRC government has imposed more restrictive foreign exchange policies and stepped-up scrutiny of major outbound capital movement including overseas direct investment. More restrictions and substantial vetting process are put in place by SAFE to regulate cross-border transactions falling under the capital account. If any of the Company’s shareholders regulated by such policies fail to satisfy the applicable overseas direct investment filing or approval requirement timely or at all, it may be subject to penalties from the relevant PRC authorities. The PRC government may at its discretion further restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents the Company from obtaining sufficient foreign currencies to satisfy the Company’s foreign currency demands, the Company may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to its shareholders.

Enforceability of Civil Liabilities

It may be difficult to serve the Company with legal process or enforce judgments against the Company or its management. It may be difficult to serve the Company with legal process or enforce judgments against the Company or its management.

Most of the Company’s assets are located in China, and all its directors and officers other than Pan Zhibiao are residents of China. All or substantial portions of the assets of such non-residents are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible to effect service of process within the United States upon such persons to originate an action in the United States. Moreover, there is uncertainty that the courts of China would enforce judgments of U.S. courts against the Company, its directors or officers based on the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state, or an original action brought in China based upon the securities laws of the United States or any state. Even if an investor were successful in such an action, the costs and time involved in enforcement of the judgment in China may make it impracticable.

The recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedures Law. PRC courts may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedures Law based either on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or on principles of reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other forms of reciprocity with the United States that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. In addition, according to the PRC Civil Procedures Law, the PRC courts will not enforce a foreign judgment against us or our director and officers if they decide that the judgment violates the basic principles of PRC laws or national sovereignty, security or public interest. As a result, it is uncertain whether and on what basis a PRC court would enforce a judgment rendered by a court in the United States.

Fertilizer Industry Analysis

Fertilizer Market in China

Influenced by the sluggish demand in domestic and international fertilizer markets, China’s fertilizer market is in a downturn during this fiscal year. In terms of production, the growth of fertilizer output has remained limited during the fiscal year. Meanwhile, large inventories of fertilizer have placed downward pressure on prices. Market prices of the raw material have been volatile; the price of fertilizer is uncertain and can be hard to increase. In terms of domestic consumption, though grain prices have increased to some extent, the domestic consumption capacity is limited; as for export, international markets have been depressed continuously, resulting from the declines in export prices. During this fiscal year, the fertilizer industry has been in a downward trend as profits have been compressed again and the losses of enterprises are enlarged. Under the pressure of sluggish growth in the fertilizer market, industrial restructuring, merger and reorganization activity in the industry have increased, reducing the number of enterprises in the market. At the same time, the production equipment and technological level have largely improved: coal-water slurry gasification technology, powdered coal pressure gasification technology, large sulfur-based compound fertilizer technology and beneficiation technology of mid-low-grade phosphate have been widely used, while new fertilizer products such as slow controlled release fertilizer and microbial fertilizer have been rapidly developed and have resulted in significant market expansion. In the last few years, as the growth of China’s economy has gradually slowed down and the risk of economic downturn has therefore increased, the government has adopted various measures to maintain the growth and the Company needs structural adjustment and growth pattern transformation.

On the one hand, the government’s support for agricultural production includes intensive agricultural investment, subsidies and minimum purchasing price increases for farm products. China has seen another bumper year of grain production, while increased fertilizer consumption remains highly uncertain. The country has achieved consecutive years of rising grain harvests since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. As the concentration of the fertilizer industry has steadily improved, the influence of key enterprises on the market has increased, which has appeared to help ease the weakened market volatility. On the other hand, the current oversupply problem is difficult to relieve. Mechanisms of price reform for raw materials (such as coal, natural gas, sulfur phosphate ore, etc.) are accelerating, which has caused pressure on production costs. A stricter export tariff policy is expected to last indefinitely, and the external economic situation may limit the operation and expansion of fertilizer enterprises in international markets.

5

The interaction of the above factors has complicated the situation in fertilizer markets since 2017. The overall growth rate of this industry has continually slowed down, and the market has fluctuated violently. The transformation of China’s fertilizer industry from a quantitative growth pattern to a qualitative growth pattern is irreversible. The centralization of production, high-end oriented product, service-oriented marketing and market-oriented raw materials have dominated the developments in the fertilizer market.

Additionally, government support for the agriculture industry in China can act as an additional boost to the fertilizer industry in China. However, we anticipate organic fertilizers will become an emerging segment in the coming years, given the additional subsidies for farming, elimination of certain land taxes, and land reform initiatives to be implemented by the PRC government to promote the growing of organic produce. We believe the demand for fertilizer will continue to grow because of the increase in food demand, the decrease in arable land and the reduction of crop yields. The demand for fertilizers nationwide is continuously expected to increase by millions of tons of nutrient.

Organic versus Chemical Fertilizers

In general, fertilizer products are categorized into organic and chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers can be natural or developed artificially. Natural organic fertilizers include manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, humic acid, brassin and guano. Artificial organic fertilizers include compost, blood meal, bone meal, humic acid, and are typically supplemented with other nutrient ingredients. Chemical fertilizers normally are composed of synthetic chemicals such as phosphate and potassium compounds. The primary difference between organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers is in the sourcing process of ingredients, as the nutrient contents are largely the same.

Over the past 20 years, the use of chemical fertilizers in China substantially increased, but years of use created unintended consequences for the agriculture industry—agricultural products gradually lack certain minerals, since chemical fertilizers applied fell short of natural minerals which made soil infertile.

In addition, heavy use of chemical fertilizers can create “fertilizer burn,” the over-fertilization of a single nutrient such as nitrogen, which can dry roots and suspend crop growth due to the upset of balance in compound salts and soil acidification. Another drawback caused by chemical fertilizers is that soil is easily depleted by irrigation, rainfall and flooding. In addition, the production of chemical fertilizers consumes a great deal of natural resources. For example, the production of synthetic ammonia, a common chemical fertilizer, comprises about 5% of the world’s natural gas consumption.

Organic fertilizers, on the other hand, improve the biodiversity and long-term productivity of soil. Organic nutrients increase the abundance of soil organisms by providing organic micronutrients. Unlike chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizer nutrients are diluted with better solubility. It requires less application on soil to reach the same result as of chemical fertilizers, which maintains soil fertility and avoid the runoff caused by components like soluble nitrogen and phosphorus. However, the composition of organic fertilizer is more complex and costly than chemical products. As an alternative to pure chemical fertilizer use, farmers can also use inorganic fertilizer supplemented with a small portion of organic fertilizers.

Since the 1980s, China has intensified the use of chemical fertilizers to increase crop yields. While the increase in crop yield slowed down in recent years, the overuse of chemical fertilizers also caused many environmental issues ranging from water pollution to soil damage. As a result, the PRC government has been promoting the use of environmentally friendly green fertilizers, such as humic acid-based organic compound fertilizers and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, because they provide crops with incremental yield by adding various nutrients essential to soil. Although being relatively new to farmers, the demand for these green fertilizers is increasing and we expect this trend to continue in the coming years. Although we expanded business among other Asian and Southeast Asian countries, the PRC remained our principal market for organic compound fertilizers and related agricultural products.

The “Green Food” Industry in the PRC

The rise of the PRC industry for food free from pollutants or harmful chemicals, or “green food,” raises the demand for organic fertilizers. “Green Food,” the certificate for agricultural products promoted by the Chinese Government, is positioned between ordinary agricultural food from common farming practice and organic food and has two levels: “AA Green Food” and “A Green Food”. The “AA Green Food” standard indicates products that are equal to those of organic agriculture. Since the market for organic agricultural products in China has huge potential, it is forecasted that the increase of organic agricultural products consumption in China will exceed that of the average organic agricultural products consumption in the world in the next few years. The market for Chinese organic agricultural products reached USD 5 billion in 2015, with an incremental 20 percent increase year over year during the following years.

With the rapid development of the organic food industry in China, an increasing number of companies have been entering into the green food sector to utilize market opportunities. In 1990, the PRC Ministry of Agriculture began to promote the production of green food. In 1992, the PRC Ministry of Agriculture established the China Green Food Development Center (CGFDC) to supervise the development and management of green food at the national and provincial levels in the PRC. In 1993, the PRC Ministry of Agriculture established regulations for green food labeling; in 1996, a trademark for green food was registered and put into use in the PRC.

Crops grown with the use of our products are qualified for the “AA Green Food” certificate. As noted above, the “AA” rating indicates that the crops contain minimal chemical residue from fertilizers. Although our products are not qualified for the “AA Green Food” certificate, they are (except for the products from Gufeng) certified as “Green Food Production Material” by the CGFDC.

According to the statistics from the CGFDC, China’s annual output of green food reached 15 million tons in 2008. However, the domestic consumption level remains relatively low, comprising approximately 3% of the market share of food commodities. The low consumption level is primarily due to: (i) small scale of production of green food; (ii) lack of consumer awareness of green food and (iii) the presence of counterfeit green food products that adversely affect consumers’ perception of green food.

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As described by the CGFDC, the development strategies for China’s green food industry are as follows: first, maintain high quality standards and focus on developing key products; second, promote and facilitate the industrialization of green food; third, implement an integrated development strategy emphasizing producers, production base and farmers; fourth, accelerate the pace of development with the aid of the government; and fifth, to carry out an international development strategy aimed at promoting exports.

According to the Investment and Forecast Report on China Green Food Industry 2012-2022 by Research in China, a Chinese market research company, the green food industry is a high growth industry with significant investment potential. According to the report, leading green food producers will experience huge growth when they achieve national and provincial agricultural industrialization with the support of favorable government policies and tax incentives.

Fertilizer Growth Strategy

We believe that our increased production capacity and our research and development capability, along with the new sales segment, positions us to benefit from the anticipated growth of the PRC fertilizer market. We expect to expand sales and grow revenues through the following strategies:

☐ Expand Capacity and Diversify Product Offerings. Our current annual fertilizer production capacity is 555,000 metric tons and our production portfolio of fertilizers includes 407 products. In the future, we will expand our existing production lines, develop new products and acquire certain PRC fertilizer manufacturers that complement our product lines.

☐ Capitalize on Synergies Created by Research and Development Efforts. Regarding the construction of Yuxing’s research and development center, we have established 98 sunlight greenhouses and six “intelligent” greenhouses. We expect the Yuxing facility to help us shorten the fertilizer market cycle by providing an advanced testing field for new products which are manufactured by Jinong. In addition, by making efforts in research and development, we expect to simultaneously facilitate the production of superior agricultural products, such as flower bulbs, flowers, fruits and vegetables, which would eventually increase revenues.

☐ Develop new advanced highly efficient fertilizers. The new fertilizer products represented by slow controlled-release fertilizer, microbial fertilizer and others, are developed rapidly with high market expansion. Gufeng develops the “Tianjuyuan” controlled-release fertilizer. The objective is to provide Gufeng with fertilizer agent to improve the control release effectiveness when producing controlled-release compound fertilizers. We expect that Gufeng’s controlled-release compound fertilizer will have an advantageous position in the market.

Products

Our principal products are our own fertilizers, which consist of liquid, granular and powdered fertilizers and various kinds of compound fertilizers developed to increase crop yields. We can manufacture 407 fertilizer products from humic acid-based fertilizers to compound fertilizers. In Yuxing, we produce high quality agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers for commercial sale. In our sales segment, we sell various products such as fertilizers, pesticides, and seeds. These products are either manufactured by us or by other manufacturers.

Fertilizer Products

Fertilizer manufacturing is our core business, which accounts for approximately 88.8% of total revenues. The self-manufactured fertilizers are produced and sold through Jinong and Gufeng. We believe that Jinong utilizes one of the most advanced automated humic acid production lines in China. Humic acid is a complex with natural, organic ingredients essential to make soil fertile. Humic acid-rich material, such as peat, lignite or weathered coal generating naturally from decomposed plant or animal remains, is one of the major organic constituents for soil composition. Humic acid exhibits a high capacity for cation exchange (a chemical process in which cations of like charge are exchanged equally between a solid and a solution), which serves to chelate plant nutrient elements and release them as the plant requires. The chelation process prevents leaching of nutrients by holding them in the soil solution. Moreover, humic acids can bind soil toxins along with plant nutrients, thereby strongly stabilizing soil. The regular use of humic acid organic liquid compound fertilizer can effectively reduce the use of chemical fertilizer, insecticide, herbicide and water. This mechanism contributes to environmental protection by preventing contamination of water sources caused by runoff.

In nature, humic acid improves soil structure and aeration, nutrient absorption and water retention. It also increases soil’s buffering capacity against fluctuations in PH levels, and reduces soil crusting and erosion from wind and water as well as radical toxic pollutants. Humic acid promotes the developing of root systems, seed germination and overall plant growth. It also enhances health, resilience and overall appearance of plants. We believe there is no synthetic material currently known to match humic acid’s effectiveness and versatility.

The pure humic acid used in our fertilizers is distilled and extracted from weathered coal by way of alkaline digestion and acid recrystallization. Our Jinong fertilizers are principally used as a foliar fertilizer (a liquid, water-soluble fertilizer applied to a plant’s foliage by a fine spray, so the plant absorbs the nutrients through its leaves), through spraying directly on soil or injecting into the irrigation systems. Benefits of using our products are to stimulate the growth and yield of plants, protecting them from drought, disease and temperature damages while improving soil structure and fertility.

Gufeng and Tianjuyuan produce compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizers, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizers, and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. Gufeng sells its products under four brands: “KEBA”, “Mei Er An”, “Huang Cheng Gen” and “SPR HOP,” which are all registered trademarks in the PRC. Tianjuyuan’s products are marketed under the brands “AGR GFJ” and “T.J.Y.” which are both PRC registered trademarks.

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We have a multi-tiered product line of 407 fertilizer products, covering humic acid-based compound fertilizer produced through Jinong, and organic/inorganic compound fertilizer through Gufeng.

During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $85,144,156 and $114,275,845, respectively, in gross revenues from sales of our fertilizer products (excluding discontinued operations), representing 88.8% and 92.1% of our total revenues for such periods. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan manufacture a total of 345 fertilizer products. 48.4% of Gufeng’s fertilizer revenue came from humic acid compound fertilizers and 51.6% from compound fertilizer for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

Agricultural Products

Our subsidiary, Yuxing, a VIE associated with Jinong, produces top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings for commercial sale. The gross revenues from the sale of our agricultural products for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, were $9,416,451 and $9,654,168, respectively, representing 9.8% and 7.8% of our total revenues (excluding discontinued operations), respectively.

Yuxing was originally established to be the research and development base for humic acid fertilizers produced by Jinong. By simulating the growing conditions and cycles of various plants, such as flowers, vegetables and seedlings, Yuxing regularly conducts experimental testing to enhance the efficacy of our new fertilizers.

Fertilizer Manufacturing Process

Our production lines employ scientifically designed production procedures and strict quality control systems to ensure high quality in our products. These production lines are fully automated and operated by a central control system with minimal manual input by technicians. The machinery and vats for the line are supplied by a local medical machinery manufacturer and the automatic control systems were developed by us. Our access management system always protects the proprietary ingredient mixes from any unauthorized use. Our computer server is connected to the electronic scales on each of the material input bins to ensure that the exact quantity of each element or ingredient is delivered correctly, thus maintaining product quality and reduce waste. Our production line producing liquid fertilizer and powered fertilizer is centrally controlled by a wireless panoramic audio and video monitoring system that allows connectivity with mobile terminals such as cell phones.

In Jinong, we operate a 6,495 square meters (69,911 square feet) facility that manufactures liquid fertilizer products and a 13,803-square meter (148,576 square feet) facility that produces liquid and highly concentrated (powdered) fertilizers. Jinong’s total annual production capacity at these facilities is 55,000 metric tons.

In Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, we operate eight manufacturing facilities located in No. 6 Mafang Logistics Park, Pinggu, Beijing. These facilities produce various kinds of fertilizers and have a total annual production capacity of 500,000 metric tons.

The manufacturing techniques utilized by Gufeng include extruder granulation, rotary drum steam granulation, urea-based spraying granulation and resin-coated sustained release, which enable Gufeng to effectively meet the production requirements of all different compound fertilizers. To ensure high quality, Gufeng and Tianjuyuan employ strict quality controls from the raw materials purchases to the products sales to end users.

We produced and sold a total of approximately 139,070 metric tons of fertilizer products during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

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Raw Materials and Suppliers

Fertilizer Products

Among the three materials utilized to produce humic acid (weathered coal, lignite and peat), we have chosen weathered coal as a key raw material because it is abundant and economical for production. We have been sourcing the humic acid from different regions including Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

In addition to weathered coal, we use approximately 50 different components in our production process, including elements such as sodium, calcium, zinc, iron and potassium, all of which can be readily obtained from local markets. We utilize spectral analysis technology to select raw materials with the best quality, and we have specially trained buyers to ensure the consistency of raw materials procured.

The fertilizer products that Gufeng and Tianjuyuan manufacture incorporate over 50 different raw materials, including coal, sulfuric acid and NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) related compounds such as amide and hydro nitrogen. Gufeng sources these supplies largely from neighboring provinces and regions, such as Hebei and Shaanxi provinces, and the Municipality of Beijing, for the economical transportation costs.

Our products are packaged in bottles, bags and boxes. Each type of packaging material, along with packaging labels, is readily available for purchase from manufacturers in Shaanxi, Beijing, Shandong and Zhejiang provinces.

Agricultural Products

The plants that generate our top-grade flowers and multi-colored seedlings are mainly planted and cultivated in research and development facilities maintained by Yuxing. We purchase seeds of green vegetables and fruits from agricultural companies, such as RijkZwaan Company, which imports the seeds from foreign markets, including Holland. We cultivate our agricultural products by applying fertilizers produced by Jinong.

Inventory

For our fertilizer products, our efficient production methods allow us to maintain appropriate inventory levels, which keep inventory costs reasonable. We purchase raw materials and packaging materials based on demands and business forecasts. Products, in various formulas and different batches, with customized volumes, are shipped to distributors and users after production in response to orders we receive.

For our agricultural products, we maintain corresponding inventory to both the anticipated demand from customers and other needs, as we often use certain agricultural products to serve our product testing base for research and development purposes.

Seasonality

The peak season to sell fertilizer products is from January through June. However, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Jinong did not experience significant seasonal variation with respect to its fertilizer sales since approximately 51.3% of its annual sales revenue occurred in the third fiscal quarter (winter) and the fourth fiscal quarter (spring). Usually, Gufeng’s sales of compound fertilizer undergoes significant seasonal variation in China. Correspondingly, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Gufeng experienced seasonal variation. 64.3% of Gufeng’s annual sales revenue occurred in the third fiscal quarter (winter) and the fourth fiscal quarter (spring).

The purchase of its raw material, basic fertilizers, is affected by the supply and demand in the fertilizer market with seasonality. Over non-peak sales season, when the raw material price is low and economical, Gufeng may choose to place larger orders for raw materials as its export business offsets the seasonality when exports are made to southern Asia, such as India, where the selling season corresponds to the non-peak season in China.

The peak selling season for our agricultural products is from October until March, namely our second fiscal quarter (fall) and the third fiscal quarter (winter). This is primarily due to the strong demand for high-end fruits and decorative flowers during the holiday seasons.

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Marketing, Distribution and Customers

Overview

We currently market our own fertilizer products to private wholesalers and retailers of agricultural farm products in 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. For the fiscal year 2024, the following five PRC provinces collectively accounted for 68.0% of our fertilizer manufacturing revenue: Hebei (29.6%), Heilongjiang (12.2%), Inner Mongolia (10.6%), Liaoning (10.4%), and Shaanxi (5.1%). We believe this geographically diverse distribution helps us to become a leader in the compound fertilizer market as compared to regional competitors because we are not heavily dependent on any single geographic area for sales and are able to raise our brand and product awareness nationwide. We also manufacture our fertilizer products for export through contracted distributors in foreign countries, including India and Africa. Total revenues from exported products accounted for approximately 0.2% of our total fertilizer revenues in fiscal 2024.

Our agricultural products are distributed through various channels in Shaanxi Province and other provinces. Decorative flowers are usually sold through our fertilizer distributors to end-users such as flower shops, luxury hotels and government agencies. Fruits and vegetables are sold to high-end supermarkets and upscale restaurants. Seedlings are sold primarily to departments of city planning.

A multi-tiered product strategy allows us to tailor our fertilizer products to the needs and preferences of the various geographic regions in China. Our fertilizers can be tailored to different crops grown in varying climate and soil conditions. For example, climate and rainfall conditions in Southern and Eastern China allow farmers to grow high margin crops such as fruit and seasonal vegetables. As a result, these farmers are willing to invest in expensive and specialized fertilizers. In contrast, we market low-cost fertilizers to farmers in the Northwest areas of China due to the inclement weather.

Our research and development capabilities allow us to tailor products to meet specific farming needs in considering different factors such as crops species, humidity, weather and soil conditions.

Marketing

Our marketing staff is trained to closely work with distributors and customers, including retailers and farmers, providing professional advice on customizing our products to customer needs and offering agricultural knowledge and other extensive customer support. In addition, our employees educate and communicate with distributors and customers by regularly organizing training courses on new agricultural techniques.

Compared with industry norms, we believe our product development cycle of three to nine months is relatively short. Through our regular collection of market data, including growth records of a variety of plants cultivated in different soil and climate conditions, together with feedbacks from our end-users, we can conduct nationwide market analysis, ascertain new product needs, estimate demand and customer demographics and develop new products tailored to current market needs.

Although we utilize television advertisements and mass media, most of our marketing efforts are conducted through joint activities with distributors. Our sales and marketing staff work with and train distributors and retail clients through lectures and interactive meetings. We emphasize the technological components of our products to end-users to help them understand the differences in products and how to effectively use them. Word-of-mouth advertising and sample trials of new products in new areas are also essential components of our marketing efforts. In addition, we have established nationwide telephone hotlines to answer questions and have constructed an SMS text message platform to allow real-time interaction with customers.

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Our best-selling self-manufactured fertilizers, based on revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, are listed below:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Percent of |
|  |  |  | Volume |  |  | Revenues |  |  | Fertilizer |
Ranking |  | Product Names |  | (Tons) |  |  | (USD) |  |  | Sales |
1 |  | Gufeng Compound Fertilizer NPK40% |  |  | 53,611 |  |  |  | 25,550,386 |  |  |  | 30.0 | %
2 |  | Organic/Inorganic Compound Fertilizer (humic acid) NPK46 |  |  | 49,817 |  |  |  | 25,377,546 |  |  |  | 29.8 | %
3 |  | Jinong Chongshifei Fertilizer (humic acid) |  |  | 3,616 |  |  |  | 4,834,964 |  |  |  | 5.7 | %
4 |  | Jinong Letu Fertilizer (humic acid) |  |  | 3,376 |  |  |  | 3,966,680 |  |  |  | 4.7 | %
5 |  | Jinong Organic Fertilizer (humic acid) |  |  | 12,672 |  |  |  | 2,172,380 |  |  |  | 2.6 | %

Fertilizer Products

The fertilizer product market in China is highly fragmented. Our primary sales strategy is to establish contractual relationships with qualified distributors throughout the country, who, in turn, will distribute our products to wholesalers and retailers, and ultimately, the farmers.

As of June 30, 2024, we sold our products through a nationwide constructed network of about 935 distributors covering 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China.

The distributors sell our products to the smaller, local wholesale and retail outlets who then sell to the end-users, typically farmers. We do not grant provincial or regional exclusivity because there is currently no single distributor sufficiently dominant to warrant exclusivity. We enter into non-exclusive written distribution agreements with chosen distributors that demonstrate their ability in regional sales networks. The distribution agreements do not dictate distribution quantity because changes in weather and local market could dramatically affect sales quotas.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, sales of our self-manufactured products to our top five distributors accounted for approximately 27.4% of our revenues. As we do not depend on specific customers, we believe that the loss of single customers would not have any significant effect on our business.

Agricultural Products

We distribute our agricultural products through several networks depending on the type of product. Our top-grade flowers are mainly distributed through our fertilizer distribution network; our green vegetables and fruits are mainly distributed to a variety of wholesale markets and supermarkets in Xi’an, while our multi-colored seedlings are distributed to the seedling centers and planting companies in China with which we have had long-term cooperation.

Retail Stores and Authorized Retailers

We have successfully implemented two marketing programs in Shaanxi, Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu and Guangzhou provinces. These marketing programs consist of: (i) establishment of Company directly owned retail stores to sell fertilizer products produced by Jinong and Gufeng through the designated sales personnel (the “Pilot Program”) and (ii) selection of qualified retailers from the Company’s distributor base to be designated as authorized retailers. With the Pilot Program, we have worked closely with our distributors, with each distributor’s outlet having an assigned territory in order not to compete with other existing distributors. We had entered into agreements with these retailers on their exhibits, and we had well-positioned standardized shelves and product displays in their retail stores. In addition, we provide the retailers with educational materials on proper product use and billboard ads with our product logo to attract target farmers.

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Research and Development

We conduct the bulk of our research and development activities through Yuxing. Through Yuxing, we cultivate high-quality flowers, green vegetables and fruits in our own greenhouses and sell them to various end-users, including airlines, hotels and restaurants. Yuxing operates advanced research and development facilities that: (i) provide testing and an experimental data collection base for new fertilizers produced by Jinong by simulating the growing conditions and development stages of a variety of plants, such as flowers, vegetables and seedlings, and (ii) increase our capability to produce more products while shortening the new product development cycle, which allows us to release products to market quickly, thus increasing revenues and market share. In addition, our research and development capabilities allow us to develop products tailored to specific farming needs generated by different crop species, humidity, weather and soil conditions. Flowers, fruits and vegetables grown from experimental testing of Jinong’s humic acid compound fertilizers are of high quality and are sold to local supermarkets and airline companies.

The capital expenditure and other payments on Yuxing’s construction, net of accumulated depreciation, were approximately $5,437,909 and $5,897,062 during the fiscal years ending of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The research and development center helps expand our output of high-quality agricultural products for commercial sale while providing an advanced testing field for new products. The facility at Yuxing enhances our capability to produce more products while shortening the development cycle, thus increasing revenues and market share. In addition to developing new humic acid-based fertilizer products, we plan to develop other agricultural derivatives such as humic-acid based organic pesticides, which can provide additional revenue sources. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we sold approximately $9,416,451 of these agricultural products.

|  | FY 2024 |  |  | FY 2023 |
Machines, Buildings and Equipment |  | $ | 5,437,909 |  |  | $ | 5,887,278 |
Construction in Progress |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 9,784 |
Total |  | $ | 5,437,909 |  |  | $ | 5,897,062 |

New Products

With our research and development capabilities, we have developed 407 products and continue to develop new products. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we developed 8 new products of liquid fertilizers and eliminated 7 obsolete products.

In addition to developing new fertilizer products, we also developed soilless seeding and breeding of colored-leaf plants, rare flowers and new species of fruits and vegetables.

Intellectual Property

We hold the following trademarks registered with the PRC Trademark Offices of National Industrial and Commerce Administrative Bureau (the “PRC Trademark Offices”):

Trademark |  | Registration Number |  | Valid term
Huang Cheng Gen |  | No.5219720 |  | June 28, 2019 to June 27, 2029
Mei Er An |  | No.1508004 |  | January 21, 2021 to January 20, 2031
KEBA |  | No.10045980 |  | December 07, 2022 to December 06, 2032
KEBA |  | No.10046405 |  | December 14, 2022 to December 13, 2032
KEBA |  | No.10045898 |  | March 07, 2023 to March 06, 2033
KEBA |  | No.10046344 |  | March 07, 2023 to March 06, 2033
AGR GFJ |  | No.3320281 |  | May 28, 2024 to May 27, 2034
SPR HOP |  | No.3320282 |  | May 28, 2024 to May 27, 2034
T.J.Y |  | No.3320283 |  | May 28, 2024 to May 27, 2034
KEBA |  | No.760379 |  | August 14, 2005 to August 13, 2025

A registered trademark is protected in China for a term of 10 years, and it is renewable for another 10-year term under the PRC trademark law if the renewal application is submitted to the PRC Trademark Offices within 6 months prior to the expiration of the previous term.

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Listed below are Jinong’s four patents for a fertilizer formulation and a proprietary production line and manufacturing processes.

|  |  |  |  |  | Inventor’s |  |  |  | Date of
Patent/Pending |  |  |  | Patent No./ |  | Name and |  | Date of |  | Publication and
Patent Application |  | Type of Patent |  | Application No. |  | Patent Holder |  | Application |  | Term
Patent: |  | Utility Model |  | Application No.: |  | Applicant: |  | February 1, 2007 |  | November 24,
Method and recipe of the water-soluble humic acid fertilizers |  | Patent |  | ZL200710017334.x |  | Jinong |  |  |  | 2010; 20 years
Patent: |  | Utility Model |  | Application No.: |  | Applicant: |  | September 22, 2011 |  | December 4, 2013;
Production method of Organic Fertilizer |  | Patent |  | ZL201110282544.8 |  | Jinong |  |  |  | 20 years
Patent: |  | Utility Model |  | Application No.: |  | Applicant: |  | August 15, 2013 |  | February 11, 2015;
Method and recipe of the water-soluble high concentration humic acid fertilizers |  | Patent |  | ZL201310357167.9 |  | Jinong |  |  |  | 20 years
Patent: |  | Utility Model |  | Application No.: |  | Applicant: |  | January 17, 2014 |  | April 08, 2015;
Production method of Multifunctional liquid calcium fertilizer |  | Patent |  | NL 201410020442.2 |  | Jinong |  |  |  | 20 Years

The PRC Patent Law was adopted by the PRC National People’s Congress in 1984 and was subsequently amended in 1992 and 2000. Under the PRC Patent Law, an invention patent is valid for a term of 20 years and a utility or design patent is valid for a term of 10 years. Both of our registered patents are utility patents. Any use of our patent without consent or a proper license from us constitutes an infringement of patent rights.

In addition to trademark and patent protection in China, we also rely on contractual confidentiality provisions to protect our brand and intellectual property rights. To safeguard these rights our research and development personnel and executive officers are subject to confidentiality agreements. They are also subject to a non-competition covenant following the termination of employment. They also agree that all work products belong to us. Moreover, we take steps to limit the number of personnel involved in the production process and, instead of disclosing fertilizer ingredients to employees, we refer to the ingredients by numbers.

Competitive Strengths

We believe our products possess the following competitive advantages which enable us to compete in the PRC fertilizer market.

Nation-wide sales network. In the highly fragmented Chinese fertilizer market, we have established our own distribution channels with private distributors that sell our products to retail stores and farmers throughout China. We have over 935 distributors nationwide across 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. Most of our competitors do not have a sales team as large as ours that specializes in the sale of compound fertilizer products. Moreover, we believe the regional strengths of Gufeng’s distribution network have expanded and will continue to expand our sales coverage to certain cities and counties as well as foreign markets.

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Strong Research and Development. Our research and development are managed effectively. Typically, it takes only three to nine months from the decision to develop a new product to mass production, which ensures product flow and helps to maintain market share. Our strong research and development department is based on our intelligent greenhouse facilities. The advanced equipment and soil-free techniques in such facilities simulate the natural environment in different areas and control selected factors. Since most of Jinong’s experimental work is conducted in Yuxing’s greenhouse facilities, thereby speeding up development cycles, we can reduce costs without sacrificing accurate results. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we generated approximately $9,416,451 revenue from sales of Yuxing’s agricultural products, and we anticipate that this source of revenue will grow in the future. We have built 98 sunlight greenhouses and six intelligent greenhouses on an 88-acre parcel of land relating to Yuxing’s pending research and development center, which expands output of high-quality agricultural products for commercial sale while providing an advanced testing field for new products.

Gufeng and Tianjuyuan have developed seven technologies:

| (1) | Drying fan for urea-based compound fertilizer;

| (2) | Heat balance control system for flexible compound fertilizer;

| (3) | Automatic control system for the anti-block of compound fertilizer;

| (4) | Water control technology for low nitrogen, low potassium and high phosphorus compound fertilizer;

| (5) | Manufacturing technology for salt-alkaline resistance and soil improvement of compound fertilizer (The Company won the third prize for “Progress in Science and Technology in Pinggu District Beijing” with this technology);

| (6) | Manufacturing technology for compound HA fertilizer with high density (NPK ≥ 51%); and

| (7) | Manufacturing technology for the sustained release of blending and compound fertilizer.

While we believe our greenhouse facilities provide us with a competitive advantage over the competitors, some of them may still have better understanding in certain local markets where they have successfully marketed products over a period and have developed specifically formulated fertilizers for local plants, soil and climate conditions. To enhance our competitiveness, we will seek to diversify our fertilizers to benefit a wider range of plants and soil conditions.

Well-known Brands. We believe customers have strong brand recognition and make purchase decisions accordingly. “Jinong”, “KEBA” and “T.J.Y.” are registered trademarks and are well recognized by end users; in addition, certain large national fertilizer traders, such as Sinoagri Holding Company Limited, one of the largest domestic fertilizer traders in China, had strong brand preference for Gufeng’s fertilizer products. Gufeng sells its products under four brands, namely “KEBA”, “Mei Er An”, “Huangchenggen” and “SPR HOP”. Tianjuyuan’s products are marketed under the brands “AGR GFJ” and “T.J.Y.” The primary products sold under the Gufeng and Tianjuyuan brands include organic/inorganic compound fertilizer (humic acid) with NPK ≥ 40%, and organic /inorganic compound fertilizer (humic acid) with NPK ≥ 48%.

Automated Production Line and Process. All Jinong’s major production procedures are controlled by a centralized computer system only accessible by authorized personnel. Jinong’s production lines are fully automated to ensure that content in each product is measured exactly according to its recipe by linking the computer server with the electronic weights on each material input bin. In addition, spectral analysis is used to accurately check the composition of materials. During the fiscal year 2024, Jinong’s highly advanced production lines can manufacture a multi-tiered line of 70 fertilizer products, and we believe that Jinong’s production lines are among the few advanced lines in the Chinese industry. As mentioned above, we have patent protection for Jinong’s two proprietary production lines, one of which has medical grade production equipment with precise quality control, and the other can produce liquid, powder and granular fertilizers. We currently have an annual production capacity of 555,000 metric tons.

Competition

Fertilizer Products

Based on our internal estimates, there are approximately 2,000 organic fertilizer manufacturers in China, with no discernible market leaders in the sector. We believe our competitors are currently comprised of approximately 90% small-sized local manufacturers and 10% large national manufacturers. We believe we are among the large national fertilizer manufacturers.

Gufeng’s primary competitor is Stanley Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Stanley”), a compound fertilizer manufacturer based in Linyi, Shandong Province, which was listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange (China) in June 2011. Stanley manufactures various kinds of compound fertilizers and tailored fertilizers which directly compete with Gufeng.

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The smaller competitors are generally producers of amino acid compound fertilizers, which are very price competitive.

However, lacking adequate quality or process control technologies, these companies often sell products with inconsistent quality.

The Chinese fertilizer market has been fully opened to foreign companies since China’s entry into the World Trade Organization in December 2006. Accordingly, the PRC government has increased its fertilizer import quota and, since January 2007, has reduced the import tariffs on foreign fertilizer to 1%. However, foreign fertilizers are generally more expensive than PRC manufactured fertilizers and are not customized to soil conditions influenced by China’s diverse climate and terrains.

Agricultural Products

The competitive market of our agriculture products varies among our three main products: Top-grade flowers, green vegetables and fruits, multi-colored seedlings.

Top-grade Flowers: The growers in the flowers and flower seedlings businesses are largely locally based. We believe that our flower products have comparative advantages in terms of the advanced technologies we apply, the superior species of the seedlings we select and the efficiency and stability due to strict quality control. In addition, our greenhouse facilities enable us to produce flower seedlings year-round.

Green Vegetables and Fruits: Our competitors are primarily the vegetable planting centers and planters in Shaanxi, Shandong and Gansu provinces that produce vegetables such as cucumbers and peppers. With the aid from our green fertilizers that improve soil conditions and limit bacterial growth, our competitive advantage lies in the advanced greenhouse facilities which contribute to the pollution-free end products.

Multi-colored Seedlings: In the market of Multi-colored seedlings, our competitors are from nationwide. Some of our products, such as red photinia serrulata, are also imported from other countries with high survival rates.

Government Regulation

Our business operations are subject to various laws, including environmental, health and workplace safety laws issued by governmental agencies on the provincial and state levels. Business and company registrations, along with the products, are monitored through the issuance of licenses and certificates including the following:

“Green” Certification. Except for those manufactured by Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, all our fertilizer products are certified by the CGFDC as “Green Food Production Material”. Currently, the CGFDC provides two different certifications within the green food industry: “Green Food Certification” granted to edible foods, and “Green Food Production Material Certification” granted to production materials such as our fertilizers. A “Green Food Production Material Certification” was issued to Jinong in March 2015 and renewed in 2018, 2021 and 2024. The certificate is renewable with an application within 90 days prior to the expiration.

Operating license. Our operating license enables us to (1) undertake research and development, production, sales and services of humic-acid liquid fertilizer, (2) sell pesticides, and (3) export and import products, technology and equipment. Jinong’s license (Registration No. 91610000719728326A) is valid until August 8, 2057, and the license is renewable. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan maintain valid operating licenses with expiration dates of August 1, 2043 (for the license with Registration No. 911101171029177688) and no-fixed term (for the license with Registration No.91110117802949525L), respectively.

Fertilizer Registration. Fertilizer registration is issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and is required for producing fertilizers. There are two kinds of registrations: interim registration and formal registration. The interim registration is valid for one year and applies to fertilizers in the stages of in-the-field testing and test selling; fertilizers that have completed in-the-field testing and test selling must obtain formal registration, which, if granted, is valid for five years, and thereafter must be renewed every five years. Jinong currently holds 16 formal fertilizer registration certificates. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan hold 11 interim fertilizer certificates and 259 formal certificates.

Permits and Licenses Required from the PRC Authorities for Our Operations

The operations of the businesses that we own and operate are subject to PRC laws and regulations. The laws and regulations governing relevant industries in China are relatively new and quickly evolving, thus bringing uncertainties to their interpretation and enforcement.

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We conduct our operations primarily through our subsidiaries in China, and one subsidiary in the United States of America. Our operations in China are governed by PRC laws and regulations. We and the affiliated entities are required to obtain certain licenses, permits or filing from relevant governmental authorities in China in order to operate our business. As of the date of this report, our subsidiaries in China and the United States of America have obtained business licenses from the PRC and U.S. government authorities necessary for our business operations in China and the United States. Given the uncertainties of interpretation and implementation of relevant laws and regulations and the enforcement practice by relevant government authorities, and the promulgation of new laws and regulations and amendment to the existing ones, we may be required to obtain additional licenses, permits, registrations, filings or approvals for our business operations in the future. Any lack of or failure to maintain requisite approvals, licenses or permits applicable to us or our subsidiaries may have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects and cause the value of any securities we offer to significantly decline or become worthless.

On December 28, 2021, the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) and other PRC regulatory authorities jointly revised and promulgated the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (the “Cybersecurity Review Measures”), which became effective on February 15, 2022. Under the current Cybersecurity Review Measures, subject to any further interpretation of the CAC and other relevant authorities, we believe we are not subject to the cybersecurity review by the CAC, as we are primarily engaged in the production of fertilizer and similar products and do not process any data in our business for others. Under current PRC laws, regulations and regulatory rules, as of the date of this report, including the final new measures that became effective on February 15, 2022. we believe that we and our PRC subsidiaries, (i) are not required to obtain permissions from the CSRC, (ii) are not required to go through cybersecurity review by the CAC and (iii) have not received or were denied such requisite permissions by any PRC authority.

However, we cannot guarantee that the regulators will agree with us. As of the date hereof, there remains uncertainty as to how the Cybersecurity Review Measures will be interpreted or implemented and whether the PRC regulatory agencies, including the CAC, may adopt new laws, regulations, rules, or detailed implementation and interpretation related to the draft measures. We have not been involved in any investigations on cybersecurity review made by the CAC, and we have not received any inquiry, notice, warning, or sanctions in such respect. However, as these are new regulations, there remains uncertainties as to how they will be interpreted or implemented in the context of an overseas offering.

In addition, we do not believe we are subject to the China Securities Regulation Commission as we are not a “domestic” company and do not offer securities in China. Of course, we cannot guarantee that CRSC will agree with us, and there remains uncertainty as to how the China Securities Regulatory Commission will interpret or implement its rules. It may adopt new laws, regulations or rules, and we may not be able to comply with any such laws, regulations or rules. If we are found to be in violation of current or future rules and regulations, we could be subject to fines, sanctions, penalties or regulatory orders.

As of the date of this Report, we believe we are in material compliance with all registrations and requirements for the issuance and maintenance of all licenses required to conduct our businesses and operations.

Bitcoin

Overview of Bitcoin

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital asset that operates on a peer-to-peer network, allowing users to send and receive payments without the need for intermediaries such as banks. This is made possible through the use of blockchain technology, which is a distributed ledger that records and verifies all transactions on the network.

The Bitcoin blockchain is a public, transparent, and immutable record of all transactions that have ever occurred on the network. This ledger is maintained by a network of computers, known as nodes, that work together to verify and validate new transactions. Each transaction is cryptographically signed and added to the blockchain as a new block, which is then permanently recorded and cannot be altered or deleted.

One of the key advantages of the Bitcoin blockchain is that it allows for trustless, secure transactions without the need for a central authority. Because the blockchain is decentralized and transparent, all users can verify the legitimacy of a transaction without having to rely on a third party. This eliminates the need for intermediaries, which can be slow and expensive, and it also makes the network resistant to censorship and fraud.

Bitcoin’s decentralized and transparent nature makes it secure, efficient, and accessible, and gives it the potential to enable new forms of value exchange and innovation

Overview of Bitcoin “Halving” Events

The Bitcoin halving is a phenomenon that occurs approximately every four years on the Bitcoin network. The halving is a key part of the Bitcoin protocol, and it serves to control the overall supply and reduce the risk of inflation in digital assets using a Proof-of-Work consensus algorithm. At a predetermined block, the mining reward is cut in half, hence the term “halving”. For Bitcoin the reward was initially set at 50 bitcoin currency rewards per block. The Bitcoin blockchain has undergone halving three times since its inception as follows: (1) on November 28, 2012 at block height 210,000; (2) on July 9, 2016 at block height 420,000; (3) on May 11, 2020 at block height 630,000; (4) on April 9, 2024 at block height 840,000, when the reward was reduced by half, from 6.25 bitcoin per block to its current level of 3.125 bitcoin per block. The next halving for the Bitcoin blockchain is anticipated to occur in or around March 2028 at block height 1,050,000. This process will reoccur until the total amount of Bitcoin currency rewards issued reaches 21,000 thousand and the theoretical supply of new Bitcoin is exhausted, which is expected to occur around 2140.

Overview of Bitcoin Mining

Bitcoin mining is the process by which new Bitcoin are created and transactions on the Bitcoin network are verified. In order to mine Bitcoin, mining rigs use specialized computer hardware to win a lottery, which allows them to add new blocks to the Bitcoin blockchain and receive a reward in the form of newly mined Bitcoin. The Bitcoin mining process serves several important functions in the Bitcoin ecosystem.

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First, Bitcoin mining helps to secure the Bitcoin network by verifying transactions and preventing fraud. When a user sends a transaction on the Bitcoin network, it is broadcast to the network and added to the pool of unconfirmed transactions known as the “mempool.” Mining rigs then compete in a sort of lottery required to add these transactions to the blockchain, which is the decentralized ledger that records all Bitcoin transactions. When a mining rig successfully adds a new block to the blockchain, the transactions included in that block are considered confirmed, and the mining rig receives a reward in the form of newly mined Bitcoin.

Second, Bitcoin mining helps to decentralize the Bitcoin network and distribute new Bitcoin in a fair and transparent manner. Unlike traditional currencies, which are issued and controlled by central banks, Bitcoin is a decentralized digital asset that is not controlled by any government or institution. Instead, new Bitcoin is created and distributed through the mining process, which allows anyone with the necessary hardware and expertise to participate in the mining process and potentially earn rewards. This decentralized distribution of new Bitcoin helps to ensure that the supply of the digital assets is controlled in a fair and transparent manner.

Third, Bitcoin mining plays a key role in the maintenance and growth of the Bitcoin network. The mining process helps to support the infrastructure of the network by providing the computational power needed to verify transactions and add new blocks to the blockchain. As more people become interested in mining Bitcoin, the network becomes more secure and efficient.

Factors Affecting Profitability of Bitcoin

Market Price of Bitcoin: Our business is heavily dependent on the price of Bitcoin. The prices of digital assets, including Bitcoin, have experienced substantial volatility, meaning that high or low prices may be based on speculation and incomplete information, may be subject to rapidly changing investor sentiment, and may be influenced by factors such as technology, regulatory void or changes, fraudulent actors, manipulation, and media reporting. Bitcoin (as well as other digital assets) may have value based on various factors, including their acceptance as a means of exchange by consumers and producers, scarcity, and market demand which are beyond our control.

Halving: The halving is an important part of the Bitcoin ecosystem, and it is closely watched by miners, investors, and other participants in the digital assets market. Each halving event has historically been associated with significant price movements in the value of Bitcoin.

Network Hash Rate and Difficulty: Generally, a Bitcoin mining rig’s chance of solving a block on the Bitcoin blockchain and earning a Bitcoin reward is a function of the mining rig’s hash rate, relative to the global network hash rate (i.e., the aggregate amount of computing power devoted to supporting the Bitcoin blockchain at a given time). As demand for Bitcoin has increased, the global network hash rate has increased rapidly, and as more adoption of Bitcoin occurs, we expect the demand for new Bitcoin will likewise increase as more mining companies are drawn into the industry by this increased demand. Further, as more and increasingly powerful mining rigs are deployed, the network difficulty for Bitcoin has increased. Network difficulty is a measure of how difficult it is to solve a block on the Bitcoin blockchain, which is adjusted every 2016 blocks (every 2 weeks approximately) so that the average time between each block remains ten minutes. A high difficulty means that it will take more computing power to solve a block and earn a new Bitcoin reward, which, in turn, makes the Bitcoin network more secure by limiting the possibility of one miner or mining pool gaining control of the network. Therefore, as new and existing miners deploy additional hash rate, the global network hash rate will continue to increase, meaning a miner’s share of the global network hash rate (and therefore its chance of earning Bitcoin rewards) will decline if it fails to deploy additional hash rate at pace with the industry.

Research and Development for Bitcoin

We place a strong emphasis on research and development (“R&D”) as a key driver of innovation and growth. Our R&D process is designed to support the creation and development of new tools and processes that are an integral part of our overall business strategy and enhance our productivity as an advanced and sustainable Bitcoin miner.

The first step in our R&D process is ideation, which is the process of generating and evaluating new ideas. We encourage our team members to come up with creative and innovative ideas, and we provide them with the resources and support they need to explore these ideas further.

Once we have identified a promising idea, the next step is to develop a prototype. This typically involves creating a small-scale version of the product or service, which can be tested and evaluated in order to identify potential issues and improve the design. We also conduct market research to understand the potential market for the product or service.

The final step in our R&D process is testing and validation. This involves conducting thorough testing of the prototype to identify any issues or flaws, and to ensure that it meets our quality standards. We also conduct market testing to gather feedback from real-world users, and we use this feedback to refine and improve the product or service.

Overall, our R&D process is designed to support the creation and development of innovative technology advancements that ensure we maintain our competitive advantages and improves our position as a leading Bitcoin miner. We believe that this process is essential for driving growth and staying ahead of the competition, and we are committed to continuously improving and refining it to support our success.

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Competition for Bitcoin

In digital assets mining, companies and individuals use computing power to solve cryptographic algorithms to record and publish transactions to blockchain ledgers or provide transaction verification services to the Bitcoin network in exchange for digital assets rewards. The current reward for verifying a block on the Bitcoin blockchain is 6.25 bitcoin. Miners can range from individual enthusiasts to professional mining operations with dedicated data centers. Miners may organize themselves in mining pools. The Company competes or may in the future compete with other companies that focus all or a portion of their activities on owning or operating digital assets exchanges, developing programming for the blockchain, and mining activities. At present, the information concerning the activities of these enterprises is not readily available as the vast majority of the participants in this sector do not publish information publicly or the information may be unreliable.

Several public companies (traded in the U.S. and Internationally), such as the following, may be considered to compete with us:

| ● | Argo Blockchain plc

| ● | Bit Digital, Inc.

| ● | Bitdeer Technologies Group

| ● | Bitfarms, Ltd.

| ● | Cipher Mining Inc.

| ● | Cleanspark, Inc.

| ● | Greenidge Generation Holdings Inc.

| ● | Hive Blockchain Technologies Ltd.

| ● | Hut 8 Mining Corp.

| ● | Iris Energy Limited

| ● | Marathon Digital Holdings

| ● | Riot Platforms, Inc.

| ● | Stronghold Digital Mining, Inc.
| ● | TeraWulf Inc.

While there is limited available information regarding our non-public competitors, we believe that our recent acquisition and ongoing deployment of miners positions us well among the publicly traded companies involved in the digital assets mining industry. The digital assets mining industry is a highly competitive and evolving industry and new competitors and/or emerging technologies could enter the market and affect our competitiveness in the future.

Intellectual Property

We do not currently own any patents, trade secrets, trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights and other intellectual property rights in connection with our existing and planned Bitcoin mining related operations.

Seasonality for Bitcoin

Our business is not generally subject to seasonality. However, coin generation from our mining operations may vary depending on our total hash rate at a given point in time relative to the total hash rate of Bitcoin. Our power revenue may vary due to external factors impacting supply and demand of electricity in the region including demand due to seasonal weather.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

The Company is a holding company incorporated in Nevada, the United States, with no material operations of its own. We conduct our business through our operating subsidiary in China. This structure involves unique risks to investors, and you may never directly hold equity interests in the operating entities. Investment in our Common Stock involves significant risks. You should carefully consider all of the information in this report before making an investment in our Common Stock. Below please find a summary of the principal risks we face, organized under relevant headings

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. The following is a summary of significant risk factors and uncertainties that may affect our business:

| ● | The Chinese government may intervene or influence our operations in China at any time, or may exert more control over offerings conducted outside China by and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers, which could result in a material change in our operations and in the value of our securities. Any actions by the Chinese government to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted outside China by and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

| ● | Changes in U.S. and Chinese regulations or in relations between the United States and China may adversely impact our business, our operating results, our ability to raise capital and the value of our securities. Any such changes may take place quickly and with very little notice.

| ● | There are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws, rules and regulations.

| ● | China Green Agriculture, Inc., as a holding company incorporated in Nevada, the United States, without material operations of its own, relies on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by its PRC operating subsidiaries for its cash needs.

| ● | The fact that we operate through a VIE poses certain risks. We do not control the VIE or own any equity interest in it, but rely solely on contractual arrangements with the VIE. These contractual relationships are not equivalent to an equity position; their principal purpose is to allow the Company to consolidate the VIE results for US GAAP purposes. These contracts have not been tested in a court of law; the other parties to them could violate them, and we cannot be sure the courts will allow us any recourse in the case of such violations.

| ● | Investors may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing original actions in China based upon U.S. laws, including the federal securities laws or other foreign laws against us or our management.

| ● | The approval of the CSRC or other Chinese regulatory agencies may be required in connection with our future capital-raising activities outside China under Chinese law.

| ● | Our independent auditors have expressed their doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

| ● | Numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, may cause the market price of our Common Stock to fluctuate significantly.

Risks Related to Our Business

The industry in which we do business is highly fragmented and competitive and we face competition from numerous fertilizer manufacturers in China and elsewhere.

We compete with numerous local Chinese fertilizer manufacturers. Although we may have greater resources than many of our competitors, most of which are small local fertilizer companies, it is possible that these competitors have better access in certain local markets, an enhanced ability to customize products to certain regions and better-established local distribution channels. We also compete with large national competitors in the PRC. Although we have advanced automated humic acid-based fertilizer production lines and greenhouse supported research and development centers, we cannot assure that such large competitors will not develop their own similar production or research and development facilities. Further, China’s access into the World Trade Organization has led to increased foreign competition for us. International producers and traders import products into China that generally are of higher quality than those produced by the local Chinese manufacturers. If they are localized and become familiar with fertilizers we produce, we may face additional competition. If we are not successful in our research, development and production of new products and/or in our marketing and advertising efforts to increase awareness of our brands, our revenues could decline, which might have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and share price.

Our major competitors may be able to endure downturns in our industrial sector more than we are. When facing reduced demand for our products, we can either choose to maintain market share by reducing selling prices to meet competition, or to maintain the prices while sacrificing a portion of market share. Our overall profitability likely would be reduced in either case. In addition, we cannot assure you that additional competitors will not enter our existing markets, or that we will be able to compete successfully against existing or new competitors.

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If we are unable to design, manufacture, and market fertilizer products in a timely and efficient manner, we may not remain as competitive.

Many of our fertilizer products are characterized by short product development cycles as they target the unique climate and soil conditions where our customers are located. Accordingly, we devote a substantial number of resources to product development. To compete successfully, we must develop new and/or improved fertilizer products that cater to customer needs. New fertilizers may not be easily developed. As a result, we may experience performance difficulties, which may result in delays, setbacks and cost overruns. Our inability to develop and offer new and/or improved fertilizer products or to achieve customer acceptance of these products could limit our ability to compete in the market or to grow revenues at a desired rate.

Our proprietary fertilizer formula may become obsolete or be unintentionally disclosed to competitors, which could materially adversely affect the competitiveness of our future fertilizer products.

Our proprietary fertilizer formula is the base for producing our fertilizer. Our future success will depend upon our ability to address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers by supplying existing humic acid fertilizer products and by developing new products on a timely basis that keep pace with the evolving industry standards and changing customer requests. If our proprietary formula becomes obsolete because our competitors develop better products, our future business and financial results could be adversely affected. In addition, although we have entered into confidentiality agreements with key employees, we cannot assure that if there were a breach of such agreement by an employee, we would not lose any competitive advantage that we currently have with respect to our proprietary fertilizer formula. If we are forced to take legal action to protect our proprietary formula, we will incur significant expense, and a favorable outcome cannot be guaranteed.

If our warehouse selling and credit sales of certain fertilizer products continue to increase and we fail to collect the accounts receivables that are due in a timely manner, our financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected.

We had accounts receivable of $16,493,068 as of June 30, 2024, as compared to $16,455,734 as of June 30, 2023, increases of $37,334, or 0.2%. We offer a tentative credit period up to 180 days to our customers. Although we perform routine assessment of our customers’ creditworthiness, evaluate the structure and collectability of accounts receivable and provide an allowance for doubtful accounts, when necessary, we may not be able to receive or collect payment for our products on time or at all if our customers encounter difficulties in their businesses. Any such failure may have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operation.

If we fail to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, we may be exposed to intellectual property infringement and the value of our intellectual property rights could diminish.

Our success, competitive position and future revenues will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our products, methods, processes and other technologies, to preserve our trade secrets, to prevent third parties from infringing on our proprietary rights and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties.

Jinong is the holder of four registered patents. The first patent is a fertilizer formulation named “Method and Recipe of the Water-Soluble Humic Acid Fertilizers.” The second patent, “Production Facility of Humic Acid Products,” relates to our proprietary production line and manufacturing processes in the PRC. The third patent is “Production Method of Organic Fertilizer.” The fourth patent is “Production method of Multifunctional liquid calcium fertilizer.” Gufeng and Tianjuyuan do not have patents but currently possess seven proprietary technologies. However, we cannot predict the degree and range of protection patents and confidentiality agreements with respect to proprietary technologies will defend us against competitors. Third parties may find ways to invalidate or otherwise circumvent our patents and proprietary technologies. Third parties may attempt to obtain patents claiming aspects like our patent applications. We cannot assure you that our current or potential competitors do not have, and will not obtain, patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use or sell our products in the PRC.

If we need to initiate litigation or administrative proceedings, such actions may be costly and may divert management attention as well as consume other resources which could otherwise have been devoted to our business. An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair our intellectual property rights and may harm our business, prospects and reputation. In addition, historically, implementation of PRC intellectual property-related laws has been lacking, primarily because of ambiguities in the PRC laws and difficulties in enforcement. Accordingly, intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as those in the United States or other countries, which increases the risk that we may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property. Moreover, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights. Future litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of our management’s attention and resources, and could disrupt our business, as well as have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Given the relative unpredictability of China’s legal system and potential difficulties enforcing court judgments in China, there is no guarantee that we would be able to halt any unauthorized use of our intellectual property through litigation.

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If we infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties, we could be prevented from selling products, forced to pay damages and compelled to defend against claims by third parties, which, if successful, could cause us to pay significant damage awards and incur other costs.

Our success also depends in large part on our ability to use and develop our technology and know-how without infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties. As litigation becomes more common in the PRC in resolving commercial disputes, we face a higher risk of being the subject of intellectual property infringement claims. The validity and scope of claims relating to humic acid fertilizer production technology and related devices and machine patents involve complex technical, legal and factual questions and analysis and, therefore, may be highly uncertain. Also, the defense and prosecution of intellectual property suits, patent opposition proceedings and related legal and administrative proceedings can be both costly and time consuming and may significantly divert the efforts and resources of our technical and management personnel. An adverse determination in any such litigation or proceedings to which we may become a party could subject us to significant liability, including damage awards to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties (which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all), to pay ongoing royalties, or to redesign our products or subject us to injunctions preventing the manufacture and sale of our products. Protracted litigation could also result in our customers or potential customers deferring or limiting their purchase or use of our products until resolution of such litigation.

Disruptions in the supply of raw materials used in our products could cause us to be unable to meet customer demand in a timely manner, which could result in the loss of customers and net sales or could result in a lower profit margin for us.

Jinong is supplied with approximately fifty different types of raw materials, of which weathered coal is the primary one as it is the raw material from which humic acid is extracted and applied to the manufacturing of our products. Although there are numerous weathered coal suppliers available in the market, we have been using major suppliers of weathered coal in northern China. If suppliers do not intend to supply us the raw material for any reason, or if there are any business interruptions at the suppliers and we are unable to source alternative supplies in a timely manner or on the same terms, we may not be able to meet customer demand for humic acid-based fertilizers in a timely manner or maintain our standards of quality for humic acid-based fertilizers during the transitional period, which may result in the loss of customers and net sales or we may not be able to keep our profit margin as before for our humic acid-based fertilizers.

Gufeng and Tianjuyuan are supplied with over fifty types of raw materials from a diversified pool of suppliers. Neither Gufeng nor Tianjuyuan are dependent on any single supplier for its raw materials; however, if we experience a significant increase in demand or if we need to replace any of these suppliers, we cannot be assured that the adequate supply of raw materials or a replacement supplier will be acquired in a timely manner to avoid any material adverse effect on our business operations and financial condition.

Any significant fluctuation in our production costs may have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

The prices for the raw materials and other inputs to manufacture our fertilizer products are subject to market forces largely beyond our control, including the price of weathered coal, energy costs, mineral and non-mineral elements, and freight costs. The costs for these inputs may fluctuate significantly based upon changes in the economy and markets. Although we may pass any increase of such costs to our customers, in the event we are unable to do so, we could incur significant losses and a diminution of our share price.

We do not presently maintain business disruption insurance. Any disruption of the operations in our factories would damage our business.

Our operations could be interrupted by fire, flood, earthquake and other events beyond our control for which we do not carry adequate insurance. While we have property damage insurance and automobile insurance, we do not carry business disruption insurance, which is not readily available in China. Any disruption of the operations in our factories would have a significant negative impact on our ability to manufacture and deliver products, which would cause a potential diminution in sales, the cancellation of orders, damage to our reputation and potential lawsuits.

We do not presently maintain product liability insurance, and our property and equipment insurance does not cover the full value of our property and equipment, which leaves us with exposure in the event of loss or damage to our properties or claims filed against us.

We currently do not carry any product liability or other similar insurance. We cannot assure that we would not face liability in the event of the failure of any of our products. We also cannot assure you that, especially as China’s domestic consumer economy and industrial economy continues to expand, product liability exposure and litigation will not become more commonplace in the PRC, or that we will not face product liability exposure or actual liability as we expand our sales into international markets where product liability claims could be more prevalent.

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The occurrence of any acts of God, war, terrorist attacks and other emergencies which are beyond our control may have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial condition.

Acts of God, war, terrorist attacks and other emergencies which are beyond our control may have a material adverse effect on the economy and infrastructure in the PRC and on the livelihood of the Chinese population. Our business operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected should such events occur. We cannot give assurance that any acts of God such as floods, earthquakes, drought or any war, terrorist attack or other hostilities in any part of the PRC or even the world, potential or threatened, will not, directly or indirectly, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

If we cannot renew our fertilizer registration certificates, we will be unable to sell some or all our products. If we do not receive the formal fertilizer registration certificates for our new products, upon the expiration of the temporary registration certificates, we cannot continue to produce such new products.

All fertilizers produced in China must be registered with the PRC Ministry of Agriculture. No fertilizer can be manufactured without such registration. There are two kinds of registrations: interim registration and formal registration. The interim registration is valid for one year and applies to fertilizers in the stages of in-the-field testing and test selling. Fertilizers that have completed in-the-field testing and test selling must obtain formal registration, which is valid for five years, and thereafter must be renewed each five years. Jinong has 16 formal registration certificates. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan have 19 interim fertilizer certificates and 259 formal certificates. We plan to apply for formal certificates for each of our interim certificates before the applicable expiration dates.

Our belief is that the PRC Ministry of Agriculture generally grants an application for renewal in the absence of illegal activity by the applicant. However, there is no assurance that the PRC Ministry of Agriculture will grant renewal of our formal Fertilizer Registration Certificates. If we cannot obtain the necessary renewal, we will not be able to manufacture and sell such fertilizer products without certificates, which will cause the termination of commercial operations for such fertilizer products. With respect to the transformation of the interim fertilizer registration certificates to formal fertilizer registration certificates, we believe that we can receive formal fertilizer registration certificates for our 19 interim fertilizer registration certificates in due course; however, if the government imposes additional burden on the application procedure or put temporary suspension on its certificate granting process due to any unexpected incidents in China, we cannot assure that our formal fertilizer registration certificates can be obtained without delay or can be obtained at all, in which case our production could be adversely affected.

We may not possess all the licenses required to operate our business or may fail to maintain the licenses we currently hold. This could subject us to fines and other penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

In addition to a fertilizer registration certificate, we are required to hold a variety of other permits, licenses and certificates to conduct our business in China. We may not possess or receive all the permits, licenses and certificates required for our business or for which application has been made. In addition, there may be circumstances under which the approvals, permits, licenses or certificates granted by the governmental agencies are subject to change without substantial notice in advance. If we fail to obtain or to maintain such permits, licenses or certificates or renewals are granted with onerous conditions, we could be subject to fines and other penalties and be limited in the number or the quality of the products that we would be able to offer. As a result, our business, result of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

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Potential environmental liability could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition.

Our manufacturing operations are subject to numerous laws, regulations, rules and specifications relating to the environment, including, among others, the Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants GB 16297-1996 and the Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area GB 3096-93. Failure to comply with any laws and regulations and future changes to them may result in significant consequences to us, including civil and criminal penalties, liability for damages and negative publicity. Our business and operating results may be materially and adversely affected if we were to be held liable for violating existing environmental regulations or if we were to incur significant expenditures to comply with environmental regulations affecting our operations.

Our success depends on our management team and other key personnel, the loss of any of whom could disrupt our business operations.

We depend, to a large extent, on the abilities and participation of our current management team, with a reliance upon Mr. Zhuoyu Li, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors, and Mr. Zhibiao Pan, the Company’s Co-Chief Executive Officer. The loss of the services of Mr. Li and/or Mr. Pan, for any reason, may have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects. We do not carry key man life insurance for our key personnel.

The agricultural chemicals business is specialized and requires the employment of personnel with significant scientific and operational experience in the industry. Accordingly, we must attract, recruit and retain a sizeable workforce of technically and scientifically competent employees. Our ability to effectively implement our business strategy will depend upon, among other factors, the successful recruitment and retention of additional management and other key personnel that have the necessary scientific, technical and operational skills and experience with the fertilizer industry. These individuals are difficult to find in the PRC and we may not be able to retain such skilled employees. If we are unable to hire individuals with the requisite experience, we may not be able to produce enough products to optimize profits, and the research and development initiatives may be delayed which will negatively impact our financial condition, results of operations and share price.

Mr. Zhuoyu Li, our Chairman and CEO may not devote all his time to our business.

Our Chairman and CEO, Mr. Zhuoyu Li, also serves as Chairman of Xi’an TechTeam Science & Technology Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., a company engaged in hi-tech application fields in China, and Chairman and CEO of Xi’an TechTeam Investment Holding (Group) Co., Ltd, a holding company for certain entities such as Gem Grain. This may give rise to further allocation of Mr. Li’s time to each business. While Mr. Li anticipates having sufficient time to devote to our business, a lack of adequate time spent by him on our business may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and share price.

Mr. Zhibiao Pan, our co-CEO may not devote all his time to our business.

Our co-CEO, Mr. Zhibiao Pan, also serves as the CEO of Poolin Group, a company engaged in blockchain and cryptocurrency business globally. This may give rise to further allocation of Mr. Pan’s time to the business of Poolin Group. While Mr. Pan anticipates having sufficient time to devote to our business, a lack of adequate time spent by him on our business may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and share price.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results. As a result, current and potential investors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could harm our business and have an adverse effect on our stock price.

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to annually furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting. Such report must contain, among other matters, an assessment by our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, including a statement as to whether our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of the end of our fiscal year. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management. Performing the system and process documentation and evaluation needed to comply with Section 404 is both costly and challenging. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We cannot provide assurance that we will not fail to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment on an ongoing basis, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and have a material adverse effect on the price of our common stock.

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We are responsible for the indemnification of our officers and directors.

Our Bylaws provide for the indemnification of our directors, officers, employees, and agents, under certain circumstances, against costs and expenses incurred by them in any litigation to which they become a party arising from their association with or activities on our behalf. Consequently, we may be required to expend substantial funds to satisfy these indemnity obligations.

Our inability to effectively improve the financial performance of Gufeng may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

While Gufeng had sales revenues of $52,189,666, for its fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Gufeng’s net loss for such period was $(19,219,575). This was primarily due to the lower profit margins on Gufeng’s products, inefficiencies in production and daily operations and negative working capital. In addition, rising transportation costs passed on by Gufeng’s distributors may further erode margins on Gufeng’s products. As Gufeng is based in Beijing, it is susceptible to rising costs of labor common in large cities such as Beijing, which may make it difficult for us to expand the workforce of Gufeng and Tianjuyuan to meet our strategic goals.

Although we have continued making progress in terms of integrating Gufeng’s employees, products and distribution network into our business, there is no assurance that we will be able to continue effectively to do so, which may result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have not obtained the land use right over the premises on which certain facilities of Gufeng, our indirect, wholly owned subsidiary, is located. As a result, the lack of a proper title certificate may jeopardize our right to use the premises and our possession of the buildings we built on such premises.

Through Tianjuyuan, we rent approximately 47,333 square meters (509,488 square feet) of land in the Ping Gu District of Beijing (the “Premises”). The rental agreement was dated on February 16, 2004 with the village committee of Dong Gao Village and Zhen Nan Zhang Dai Village in the Beijing Ping Gu District (the “rental agreement”). The term of the rental agreement is from February 1, 2004 to January 31, 2054. We were informed by our PRC counsel that the rental agreement is invalid and unenforceable pursuant to the PRC Land Administration Law and related regulations. Therefore, we have been in the process of applying for the proper land use right certificate from the relevant government authorities to legitimize our right over the Premises. As of the date of this report, we were informed by the local government that our application materials for the land use right in issue has been moved up from the department in charge of general matters to the land administrative department of the local government and is under their review. However, there can be no assurance that such land use right certificate will be granted to us. Until we obtain the land use right certificate, there is a risk that the PRC government may declare the rental agreement invalid, evict our personnel from the Premises and tear down the buildings we built on the Premises. As of the date of this Report, we have no knowledge of any pending or threatened governmental actions relating to the Premises.

A severe or prolonged slowdown in the Chinese or global economy could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.

COVID-19 had a severe and negative impact on the Chinese and the global economy from 2020 through 2024, and the global macroeconomic environment still faces numerous challenges. The growth rate of the Chinese economy has been slowing since 2010 and the Chinese population began to decline in 2022. The Federal Reserve and other central banks outside of China have raised interest rates. The Russia-Ukraine conflict, the Hamas-Israel conflict and the attacks on shipping in the Red Sea have heightened geopolitical tensions across the world. The impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on Ukraine food exports has contributed to increases in food prices and thus to inflation more generally. There have also been concerns about the relationship between China and other countries which may potentially have economic effects. In particular, there is significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and China with respect to a wide range of issues including trade policies, treaties, government regulations and tariffs. Economic conditions in China are sensitive to global economic conditions, as well as changes in domestic economic and political policies and the expected or perceived overall economic growth rate in China. Any severe or prolonged slowdown in the global or Chinese economy may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Enforceability of Civil Liabilities of the Company and its Officers and Directors in China and Hong Kong

It may be difficult to serve the Company with legal process or enforce judgments against the Company or its management. It may be difficult to serve the Company with legal process or enforce judgments against the Company or its management.

Most of the Company’s assets are located in China, and all its directors and officers other than Pan Zhibiao are residents of China. All or substantial portions of the assets of such non-residents are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible to effect service of process within the United States upon such persons to originate an action in the United States. Moreover, there is uncertainty that the courts of China would enforce judgments of U.S. courts against the Company, its directors or officers based on the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state, or an original action brought in China based upon the securities laws of the United States or any state. Even if an investor were successful in such an action, the costs and time involved in enforcement of the judgment in China may make it impracticable.

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The recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedures Law. PRC courts may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedures Law based either on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or on principles of reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other forms of reciprocity with the United States that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. In addition, according to the PRC Civil Procedures Law, the PRC courts will not enforce a foreign judgment against us or our director and officers if they decide that the judgment violates the basic principles of PRC laws or national sovereignty, security or public interest. As a result, it is uncertain whether and on what basis a PRC court would enforce a judgment rendered by a court in the United States.

Risks Related to Bitcoin Mining

Bitcoin prices are highly volatile, which may affect our ability to effectively manage growth plans and our profitability.

The price of Bitcoin is extremely volatile and in fiscal 2024 the price range of Bitcoin was between approximately $25,100 and $73,100. The cost to mine a Bitcoin is independent of the current price of Bitcoin, so when prices are low, the cost per coin to mine may consume much of our available cash, which means that there is less capital with which to invest in future company growth. Similarly, when prices are low, our profitability is decreased on a dollar-for-dollar basis correlated to the then price of Bitcoin. Given the volatility of Bitcoin, these factors render us unable to accurately predict in advance what our growth plans may be and accurately forecast any revenue and profitability projections for any reporting period.

The price of Bitcoin may be influenced by regulatory, commercial, and technical factors that are highly uncertain.

Bitcoin and other digital assets are relatively novel and are subject to various risks and uncertainties that may adversely impact their price. For example, the application of securities laws and other regulations to such assets is unclear in certain respects, and it is possible that regulators in the United States or foreign countries may create new regulations or interpret laws in a manner that adversely affects the price of Bitcoin. The growth of the digital assets industry in general, and the use and acceptance of Bitcoin in particular, may also impact the price of Bitcoin and is subject to a high degree of uncertainty. The pace of worldwide growth in the adoption and use of Bitcoin could depend on the following:

| ● | public familiarity with digital assets;

| ● | ease of buying and accessing Bitcoin;

| ● | institutional demand for Bitcoin as an investment asset;

| ● | consumer demand for Bitcoin as a means of payment; and

| ● | the availability and popularity of alternatives to Bitcoin.

Even if growth in Bitcoin adoption occurs in the near or medium-term, there is no assurance that Bitcoin usage will continue to grow over the long-term. Because Bitcoin has no physical existence beyond the record of transactions on the Bitcoin blockchain, a variety of technical factors related to the Bitcoin blockchain could also impact the price of Bitcoin. For example, malicious attacks by “miners” who validate Bitcoin transactions, inadequate mining fees to incentivize validating of Bitcoin transactions, “hard forks” of the Bitcoin blockchain, and advances in quantum computing could undercut the integrity of the Bitcoin blockchain and negatively affect the price of Bitcoin. The liquidity of Bitcoin may also be reduced and damage to the public perception of Bitcoin may occur, if financial institutions were to deny banking services to businesses that hold Bitcoin, provide Bitcoin-related services or accept Bitcoin as payment, which could also decrease the price of Bitcoin.

Fluctuations in the price of Bitcoin may significantly influence the market price of our Bitcoin holdings and therefore, the price of our common stock.

To the extent investors view the value of our common stock as linked to the value or change in the value of our Bitcoin, fluctuations in the price of Bitcoin may significantly influence the market price of our common stock.

If we fail to grow our hash rate, we may be unable to compete, and our results of operations could suffer.

Generally, a Bitcoin miner’s chance of solving a block on the Bitcoin blockchain and earning a Bitcoin reward is a function of the miner’s hash rate (i.e., the amount of computing power devoted to supporting the Bitcoin blockchain), relative to the global network hash rate. As greater adoption of Bitcoin occurs, we expect the demand for Bitcoin will increase further, drawing more mining companies into the industry and thereby increasing the global network hash rate. As new and more powerful miners are deployed, the global network hash rate will continue to increase, meaning a miner’s chance of earning Bitcoin rewards will decline unless it deploys additional hash rate at pace with the industry.

Accordingly, to maintain our chances of earning new Bitcoin rewards and remaining competitive in our industry, we must seek to continually add new miners to grow our hash rate at pace with the growth in the Bitcoin global network hash rate. However, as demand has increased and scarcity in the supply of new miners has resulted, the price of new miners has increased sharply, and we expect this process to continue in the future as demand for Bitcoin increases. Therefore, if the price of Bitcoin is not sufficiently high to allow us to fund our hash rate growth through new miner acquisitions and if we are otherwise unable to access additional capital to acquire these miners, our hash rate may stagnate and we may fall behind our competitors. If this happens, our chances of earning new Bitcoin rewards would decline and, as such, our results of operations and financial condition may suffer.

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Geopolitical or economic crises may create increased uncertainty and price changes, or motivate large-scale sales of digital assets, which could result in a reduction in some or all digital assets’ values and adversely affect an investment in us.

As an alternative to fiat currencies that are backed by central governments, digital assets such as Bitcoin, which are relatively new, are subject to supply and demand forces based upon the desirability of an alternative, decentralized means of buying and selling goods and services. It is unclear how such supply and demand will be impacted by geopolitical events. Nevertheless, geopolitical or economic crises may motivate large-scale acquisitions or sales of digital assets either globally or locally. Large-scale sales of digital assets would result in a reduction in their value and could adversely affect an investment in us.

In addition, we are subject to price volatility and uncertainty due to geopolitical crises and economic downturns. Such geopolitical crises and global economic downturns may be a result of invasion, or possible invasion, by one nation of another, leading to increased inflation and supply chain volatility. Such crises, as well as inflation, will likely continue to have an effect on our ability to do business in a cost-effective manner.

The development and acceptance of digital asset networks and other digital assets, which represent a new and rapidly changing industry, are subject to a variety of factors that are difficult to evaluate. The slowing or stopping of the development or acceptance of digital asset systems may adversely affect our business.

Digital assets such as Bitcoin, that may be used, among other things, to buy and sell goods and services are a new and rapidly evolving industry. The growth of the digital asset industry in general, and the digital asset networks of Bitcoin in particular, are highly uncertain. The factors affecting the further development of the digital asset industry, as well as the digital asset networks, include:

| ● | continued worldwide growth in the adoption and use of Bitcoins and other digital assets; government and quasi-government regulation of Bitcoins and other digital assets and their use, or restrictions on or regulation of access to and operation of the digital asset network or similar digital assets systems;

| ● | the maintenance and development of the open-source software protocol of the Bitcoin network;

| ● | changes in consumer demographics and public tastes and preferences;

| ● | the availability and popularity of other forms or methods of buying and selling goods and services, including new means of using fiat currencies;

| ● | general economic conditions and the regulatory environment relating to digital assets;

| ● | the impact of regulators focusing on digital assets and digital securities and the costs associated with such regulatory oversight; and

| ● | a decline in the popularity or acceptance of the digital asset networks of Bitcoin, or similar digital asset systems, could adversely affect our business.

The open-source structure of the Bitcoin network protocol means the contributors to the protocol are generally not directly compensated for their contributions in maintaining and developing the protocol. A failure to properly monitor and upgrade the protocol could damage the Bitcoin network and an investment in us.

Digital asset networks are open-source projects and, although there is an influential group of leaders in, for example, the Bitcoin network community known as the “Core Developers,” there is no official developer or group of developers that formally controls the Bitcoin network. As an open-source project, Bitcoin is not represented by an official organization or authority. The Bitcoin network protocol is not sold and contributors are generally not compensated for maintaining and updating the Bitcoin network protocol. The lack of guaranteed financial incentive for contributors to maintain or develop the Bitcoin network and the lack of guaranteed resources to adequately address emerging issues with the Bitcoin network may reduce incentives to address the issues adequately or in a timely manner. Changes to a digital asset network in which we are directing our mining efforts may adversely affect an investment in us.

The acceptance of digital asset network software patches or upgrades by a significant, but not overwhelming, percentage of the users and miners in any digital asset network could result in a “fork” in the respective blockchain, resulting in the operation of two separate networks until such time as the forked blockchains are merged. The temporary or permanent existence of forked blockchains could adversely impact an investment in us.

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Due to Bitcoin’s open-source project, any individual can download the Bitcoin network software and make any desired modifications, which are proposed to users and miners on the Bitcoin network through software downloads and upgrades, and typically posted to the Bitcoin development forum on GitHub.com. A substantial majority of miners and Bitcoin users must consent to those software modifications by downloading the altered software or upgrade that implements the changes. If not, the changes do not become a part of the Bitcoin network.

Since the Bitcoin network’s inception, changes to the Bitcoin network have been accepted by the vast majority of users and miners, ensuring that the Bitcoin network remains a coherent economic system. However, a developer or group of developers could potentially propose a modification to the Bitcoin network that is not accepted by a vast majority of miners and users, but that is nonetheless accepted by a substantial population of participants in the Bitcoin network. In such a case, and if the modification is material and/or not backwards compatible with the prior version of Bitcoin network software, a fork in the blockchain could develop and two separate Bitcoin networks could result with one running the pre-modification software program and the other running the modified version (i.e., a second “Bitcoin” network).

Such a fork in the blockchain is typically addressed by community-led efforts to merge the forked blockchains, and several prior forks have been so merged. This kind of split in the Bitcoin network could materially and adversely impact an investment in us and harm the sustainability of the Bitcoin network’s economy.

Bitcoin is subject to halving, and as such the reward for successfully solving a block will halve several times in the future and its value may not adjust to compensate us for the reduction in the rewards we receive from our mining efforts, which could cause us to cease our mining operations altogether and investors could suffer a complete loss of their investment.

Halving is a process designed to control the overall supply and reduce the risk of inflation in digital assets using a Proof-of-Work consensus algorithm. In an event referred to as Bitcoin “halving,” the Bitcoin reward for mining any block is cut in half. For example, the mining reward for Bitcoin declined from 6.25 to 3.125 Bitcoin on April 9, 2024. This process is scheduled to occur once every 210,000 blocks. It is estimated that Bitcoin will next halve in or around March 2028 and then approximately every four years thereafter, until the total amount of Bitcoin rewards issued reaches 21.0 million, and the theoretical supply of new Bitcoin is exhausted, which is expected to occur around 2140. Once 21.0 million Bitcoin are generated, the network will stop producing more. While Bitcoin prices have had a history of price fluctuations around halving events, there is no guarantee that any such price change will be favorable or would compensate for the reduction in mining reward. If a corresponding and proportionate increase in the price of Bitcoin does not follow these anticipated halving events, the revenue from our mining operations would decrease, and we may not have an adequate incentive to continue mining and may cease mining operations altogether, which may adversely affect an investment in our stock and investors could suffer a complete loss of their investment.

Furthermore, such reductions in Bitcoin rewards for uncovering blocks may result in a reduction in the aggregate hash rate of the Bitcoin network as the incentive for miners decreases. Miners ceasing operations would reduce the collective processing power on the network, which would adversely affect the confirmation process for transactions and make the Bitcoin network more vulnerable to malicious actors or botnets obtaining control in excess of 50% of the processing power active on the blockchain. Such events may adversely affect our activities and an investment in us.

Security threats to our business could result in, a loss of our digital assets, or damage to our reputation and our brand, each of which could adversely affect an investment in us.

Security breaches, computer malware and computer hacking attacks have been a prevalent concern in the digital asset exchange markets. A security breach caused by hacking, could include, but is not limited to:

| ● | efforts to gain unauthorized access to information or systems;

| ● | efforts to cause intentional malfunctions or loss or corruption of data, software, hardware or other computer equipment; and

| ● | the inadvertent transmission of computer viruses.

A security breach by hacking could harm our operations or result in loss of our digital assets. Any breach of our and our partners’ infrastructure could result in reputational harm and erode the trust of our partners and stockholders, which could adversely affect an investment in us. Furthermore, as our assets grow, we may become a more appealing target for security threats such as hackers and malware.

The security system and operational infrastructure may be breached due to the actions of outside parties, error or malfeasance of an employee, or otherwise, and, as a result, an unauthorized party may obtain access to our private keys, data or Bitcoins. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to fraudulently induce our employees to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to our infrastructure.

Despite our efforts, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures since the hacking techniques used are often not recognized until launched against a target. If an actual or perceived breach of our security system occurs, the market perception of the effectiveness of our controls could be harmed, which could adversely affect an investment in us.

Further, in the event of a security breach, we may be subject to litigation forced to cease operations, or suffer a reduction in assets, the occurrence of each of which could adversely affect an investment in us.

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Risks Related to Doing Business in the PRC

Substantially most of our assets and operations are in the PRC, and substantially most of our revenue is sourced from the PRC. Accordingly, our results of operations and financial position are subject to a significant degree to economic, political and legal developments in the PRC, including the following risks:

Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system, including uncertainties regarding the enforcement of laws, and sudden or unexpected changes in policies, laws and regulations in China could adversely affect us.

As a business operating in China, we are subject to the laws and regulations of the PRC, which can be complex and which evolve rapidly. We are organized not as a Chinese operating company but as a Nevada holding company with operations conducted by our subsidiaries and through contractual arrangements with a variable interest entity (VIE) based in China. This structure (a Nevada corporation with operations conducted by a Chinese VIE) involves unique risks to investors. To our knowledge, this structure and the contracts with VIE, has not been tested in court. The VIE structure is used to provide investors with exposure to foreign investment in China-based companies where Chinese law generally prohibits direct foreign investment in local operating companies. Our shareholders may never hold equity interests in the Chinese operating companies. It is possible that those Chinese regulatory authorities could disallow this structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and a material change in the value of our Common Stock, including a potentially significant decline (or, in some cases, becoming worthless). As noted, these risks could result in a material change in our operations and the value of our securities and could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

The PRC government has the power to exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business, and the regulations to which we are subject may change rapidly and with little notice to us or our shareholders. As a result, there remain uncertainties regarding the application, interpretation, and enforcement of new and existing laws and regulations in the PRC. Compliance with the complex and evolving PRC laws, regulations, and regulatory statements may be costly, and such compliance or any associated inquiries or investigations or any other government actions may:

| ● | Delay or impede our development,

| ● | Result in negative publicity or increase our operating costs,

| ● | Require significant management time and attention, and

| ● | Subject us to remedies, administrative penalties and even criminal liabilities that may harm our business, including fines assessed for our current or historical operations, or demands or orders that we modify or even cease our business practices.

The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or manner in which we conduct our business and could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, could decrease demand for our products, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected as well as materially decrease the value of our securities.

The PRC government may intervene or influence our operations in China, which may potentially result in a material adverse effect on our operations. For example, the government of the PRC has recently published new policies that significantly affect certain industries such as the education and internet industries, and we cannot rule out the possibility that it will in the future release regulations or policies regarding our industry that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Recently, the Chinese government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in China, including enhanced supervision over China-based companies listed outside of China using the variable interest entity structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. For example, on July 6, 2021, the relevant PRC government authorities made public the Opinions on Intensifying Crack-Down on Illegal Securities Activities. These opinions emphasized the need to strengthen the administration over illegal securities activities and the supervision on overseas listings by China-based companies and proposed to take measures, such as promoting the construction of relevant regulatory systems to deal with the risks and incidents faced by China-based overseas-listed companies. On November 14, 2021, the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) released the draft Administrative Regulations on Cyber Data Security (the “Draft Cyber Data Security Regulations”) for public comments, which requires, among others, that a prior cybersecurity review should be required for listing abroad of data processors which process over one million users’ personal information, and the listing of data processors in Hong Kong which affects or may affect national security.

While the Company has not engaged in securities offerings outside China, has no present intention to do so, and is not in the data processing business, it is possible that similar initiatives in the future could adversely affect the Company’s business The Chinese government may further promulgate relevant laws, rules and regulations that may impose additional and significant obligations and liabilities on overseas listed Chinese companies regarding data security, cross-border data flow, anti-monopoly and unfair competition, and compliance with China’s securities laws. It is uncertain whether or how these new laws, rules and regulations and the interpretation and implementation thereof may affect us.

The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act prohibits the import of certain goods from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. While the Company has operations in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, none of its products are imported into the United States, so that law should have no effect on the Company.

At present, these statements and regulatory actions have had no impact on our daily business operations. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our business operations.

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Although the majority of our operations in China, our outside auditors, GAO CPA Firm, is based in Frisco, Texas. The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act requires the SEC to identify public companies that have retained a registered public accounting firm to issue an audit report where the firm has a branch or office that: (1) is located in a foreign jurisdiction, and (2) the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) has determined that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the foreign jurisdiction. Since our auditors are located in Texas, and we are not owned or controlled by the Chinese government, we do not believe that the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act is applicable to us.

Risks Relating to Contractual Arrangements with the VIE

It is possible that the government of the PRC might determine that the contractual arrangements underlying the VIE structure are not in compliance with PRC laws, regulations, or interpretations either in their current form or if these laws or regulations change or are interpreted differently in the future. If such determinations, changes, or interpretations result in our inability to assert contractual control over the assets of our PRC subsidiaries or the VIE that conduct all or substantially all of our operations, our Common Stock could become worthless.”

Changes in the policies of the PRC government could have a significant impact upon the business we may be able to conduct in the PRC and the profitability of such business.

The Chinese government may intervene or influence our operations in China at any time, or may exert more control over offerings conducted outside China by and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers, which could result in a material change in our operations and in the value of our securities. Any actions by the Chinese government to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted outside China by and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

The PRC’s economy is in a transition from a planned economy to a market-oriented economy, subject to five-year and annual plans adopted by the government that set national economic development goals. Policies of the PRC government can have significant effects on economic conditions in China. Our interests may be adversely affected by changes in policies by the PRC government, including:

| ● | changes in laws, regulations or their interpretation;

| ● | confiscatory taxation;

| ● | restrictions on currency conversion, imports or sources of supplies and export tariff;

| ● | expropriation or nationalization of private enterprises.

Although the PRC government has been pursuing economic reform policies for more than two decades, we cannot assure you that the government will continue to pursue such policies or that such policies may not be significantly altered, especially in the event of a change in leadership, social or political disruption, or other circumstances affecting political, economic and social life in China.

The PRC laws and regulations governing our current business operations are sometimes vague and uncertain. Any changes in such PRC laws and regulations may have a material and adverse effect on our business.

There are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws, rules and regulations. We and any future subsidiaries are considered foreign persons or foreign funded enterprises under PRC laws, and we are subject to PRC laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are sometimes vague and may be subject to future changes, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance from foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively. We cannot predict what effect the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations may have on our business.

Also, changes in U.S. and Chinese regulations or in relations between the United States and China may adversely impact our business, our operating results, our ability to raise capital and the value of our securities. Any such changes may take place quickly and with very little notice.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from sales in the PRC and any downturn in the Chinese economy could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Substantially most of our operations are conducted in the PRC and substantially most of our revenues are generated from sales in the PRC. We anticipate that revenues from sales of our products in the PRC will continue to represent a substantial proportion of our total revenues soon. Any significant decline in the condition of the PRC economy could, among other things, adversely affect the consumption of our products, which in turn would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.

Inflation in the PRC could negatively affect our profitability and growth.

While the PRC economy has experienced rapid growth, it has been uneven among various sectors of the economy and in different geographical areas of the country. Rapid economic growth can lead to growth in the money supply and rising inflation. If prices for our products do not rise at a rate that is sufficient to fully absorb inflation-driven increases in our costs of supplies, our profitability can be adversely affected.

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According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the year-over-year percent changes in the consumer price index for December 2021, 2022 and 2023 were increases of 1.5%, 1.8% and 0.2%, respectively. These fluctuations and economic factors have led to the adoption by the Chinese government, from time to time, of various corrective measures designed to restrict the availability of credit or regulate growth and contain inflation. To control inflation in the past, the PRC government has imposed controls on bank credits, limits on loans for fixed assets and restrictions on state bank lending. The implementation of these and other similar policies can impede economic growth and thereby harm the market for our products.

Restrictions on investigations by overseas securities regulators.

Under Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law, which became effective in March 2020, no overseas securities regulator can directly conduct investigations or evidence collection activities within the PRC and no entity or individual in China may provide documents and information relating to securities business activities to overseas regulators without Chinese government approval. As a result, our shareholders may not benefit from a regulatory environment that fosters effective enforcement of U.S. and other securities laws. This could adversely affect investor and shareholder protection, and it could cause securities exchanges and overseas regulators to impose additional requirements on us.

Recent regulatory developments in China may subject us to additional regulatory review and disclosure requirements, expose us to government interference, or otherwise restrict our ability to offer securities and raise capital outside China, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of our securities.

As the Chinese government has the ability to exercise significant oversight over the conduct of our business operations, any intervention, influence, or control by the Chinese government could have material adverse effects on our business and the value of our Common Stock. Such intervention could happen at any time, without warning, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Common Stock. The Chinese government has recently issued statements indicating an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers; although the Company has no present intention of raising capital in China, any such action by the Chinese government could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer securities to investors and cause the value of our Common Stock to significantly decline or become worthless.

As our operations in China increasingly involve the provision of administrative support as well as information technology services to our operating entities within China, we may be subject to PRC laws relating to, among others, data security and restrictions over foreign investments in value-added telecommunications services and other industry sectors set out in the Special Administrative Measures (Negative List) for the Access of Foreign Investment (2020 Edition). Specifically, we may be subject to PRC laws relating to the collection, use, sharing, retention, security, and transfer of confidential and private information, such as personal information and other data. These PRC laws apply not only to third-party transactions, but also to transfers of information between us and our wholly foreign-owned enterprises in China, and other parties with which we have commercial relations. These PRC laws and their interpretations and enforcement continue to develop and are subject to change, and the PRC government may adopt other rules and restrictions in the future.

The recent regulatory developments in China, with respect to restrictions on China-based companies raising capital offshore, and the government-led cybersecurity reviews of certain companies with VIE structures, may lead to additional regulatory review in China over our financing and capital raising activities in the United States. The approval of the CSRC or other Chinese regulatory agencies may be required in connection with our future capital-raising activities outside China under Chinese law.

Pursuant to the PRC Cybersecurity Law, which was promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on November 7, 2016 and took effect on June 1, 2017, personal information and important data collected and generated by a critical information infrastructure operator in the course of its operations in China must be stored in China, and if a critical information infrastructure operator purchases internet products and services that affect or may affect national security, it should be subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC. The PRC Cybersecurity Law also establishes more stringent requirements applicable to operators of computer networks, especially to operators of networks which involve critical information infrastructure. The PRC Cybersecurity Law contains an overarching framework for regulating Internet security, protection of private and sensitive information, and safeguards for national cyberspace security and provisions for the continued government regulation of the Internet and content available in China. The PRC Cybersecurity Law emphasizes requirements for network products, services, operations and information security, as well as monitoring, early detection, emergency response and reporting. Due to the lack of further interpretations, the exact scope of “critical information infrastructure operator” remains unclear. On July 10, 2021, the CAC publicly issued the Cybersecurity Review Measures (the “Draft Measures”) for public comments until July 25, 2021. According to the Draft Measures, the scope of cybersecurity reviews is extended to data processing operators engaging in data processing activities that affect or may affect national security. The Draft Measures further requires that any operator applying for listing on a foreign exchange must go through cybersecurity review if it possesses personal information of more than one million users. According to the Draft Measures, a cybersecurity review assesses potential national security risks that may be brought about by any procurement, data processing, or overseas listing. The review focuses on several factors, including, among others, (1) the risk of theft, leakage, corruption, illegal use or export of any core or important data, or a large amount of personal information, and (2) the risk of any critical information infrastructure, core or important data, or a large amount of personal information being affected, controlled or maliciously exploited by a foreign government after a company is listed overseas. While the Draft Measures had been released for consultation purpose, there is still uncertainty regarding the Draft Measures as to its final content, its adoption timeline or effective date, its final interpretation and implementation, and other aspects. Furthermore, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress passed the Personal Information Protection Law of the PRC (“PIPL”), which will become effective from November 1, 2021, and requires general network operators to obtain a personal information protection certification issued by recognized institutions in accordance with the CAC regulation before such information can be transferred out of China.

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On July 30, 2021, in response to the recent regulatory developments in China and actions adopted by the PRC government, the Chairman of the SEC issued a statement requesting additional disclosures from offshore issuers with China-based operating companies before their registration statements will be declared effective, including detailed disclosure related to VIE structures and whether the VIE and the issuer, when applicable, received or were denied permission from the PRC authorities to list on U.S. exchanges and the risks that such approval could be denied or rescinded. On August 1, 2021, the CSRC issued a statement that it had taken note of the new disclosure requirements announced by the SEC regarding the listings of Chinese companies and the recent regulatory developments in China, and that the securities regulators in both countries should strengthen communications on regulating China-related issuers.

As of the date of this report, we have taken preliminary steps to expand our business into that of blockchain applications and cryptocurrency mining in international markets. Our remaining operations in China do not involve the processing of any significant amount of personal information. However, if the enacted version of the Draft Measures mandates clearance of cybersecurity review and other specific actions to be completed by companies aiming to offer securities outside China, we cannot assure you that the PRC regulatory authorities will not subsequently require us to undergo the approval procedures and subject us to penalties for non-compliance, or that if we are required to obtain such clearance, such clearance can be timely obtained, or at all. If we become subject to cybersecurity inspection and/or review by the CAC or other PRC authorities or are required by them to take any specific actions, it could cause suspension or termination of the future offering of our securities, disruptions to our operations, result in negative publicity regarding our company, and divert our managerial and financial resources. We may also be subject to significant fines or other penalties, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our subsidiaries are subject to restrictions on paying dividends and making other payments to our subsidiary, Green New Jersey; as a result, we might therefore be unable to pay dividends to you.

We are a holding company incorporated in the State of Nevada and do not have any assets or conduct any business operations other than our investments in our subsidiaries, Green New Jersey, Jinong, Gufeng, and the VIE company. Because of our holding company structure, we rely entirely on dividends payments from our subsidiaries in the PRC. PRC regulations currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits, as determined in with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under PRC accounting standards and regulations, our subsidiaries are also required to set aside a portion of their after-tax profits to fund certain reserves. We may experience difficulties such as lengthy processing time from the foreign exchange administrative bureau’s side and administrative formalities in completing the procedures necessary to obtain and remit foreign currency. Furthermore, if any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other payments. If we or Green New Jersey are unable to receive any profits from the operations of our subsidiaries in the PRC, we may be unable to pay dividends to our common stockholders.

Governmental control of currency conversion may affect the value of our common stock.

The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of Renminbi (“RMB”) into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of the PRC. We receive substantially all our revenues in RMB, which is currently not a freely convertible currency. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict our ability to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends, or otherwise satisfy foreign currency denominated obligations. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and expenditures from the transaction, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, approval from appropriate governmental authorities is required where RMB is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of the PRC to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of bank loans denominated in foreign currencies.

The PRC government also may at its discretion restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may not be able to pay certain of our expenses as they come due.

The fluctuation of RMB may materially and adversely affect our common stock.

The value of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions. As we rely entirely on revenues earned in the PRC, any significant revaluation of RMB may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenues and financial condition. For example, to the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars we receive from an offering of our securities into RMB for our operations, appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar could lead the RMB equivalent of the U.S. dollars to be reduced and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, if we decide to convert our RMB into U.S. dollars for making dividend payments on our common stock or for other business purposes and the U.S. dollar appreciates against the RMB, the U.S. dollar equivalent of the RMB we convert would be reduced. In the fiscal year 2024, China’s currency decreased by a cumulative 0.2% against the U.S. dollar on hopes of boosting the domestic economy, making Chinese exports cheaper and imports into China more expensive by that amount. The effect on trade can be substantial. In addition, the depreciation of significant U.S. dollar denominated assets could result in a charge to our income statement and a reduction in the value of these assets.

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PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC domestic residents may subject our PRC resident beneficial owners to personal liability, limit our ability to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries, limit our subsidiaries’ ability to increase their registered capital or distribute profits to us, or may otherwise adversely affect us.

SAFE promulgated the Circular on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Control on Domestic Residents’ Offshore Investment and Financing and Roundtrip Investment through Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 37, on July 4, 2014, which replaced the former circular commonly known as “SAFE Circular 75” promulgated by SAFE on October 21, 2005. SAFE Circular 37 (the “SAFE Notice”) requires PRC residents to register with local branches of SAFE regarding their direct establishment or indirect control of an offshore entity, for overseas investment and financing, with such PRC residents’ legally owned assets or equity interests in domestic enterprises or offshore assets or interests, referred to in SAFE Circular 37 as a “special purpose vehicle” (the “SPV”). SAFE Circular 37 further requires amendment to the registration in the event of any significant changes with respect to the special purpose vehicle, such as increase or decrease of capital contributed by PRC individuals, share transfer or exchange, merger, division or other material event. Under the SAFE Notice, failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth above could result in liability under Chinese law for foreign exchange evasion and may result in penalties and legal sanctions, including fines, the imposition of restrictions on a Chinese subsidiary’s foreign exchange activities and its ability to distribute dividends to the SPV, its ability to pay the SPV proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation in respect of the Chinese subsidiary and the SPV’s ability to contribute additional capital into or provide loans to the Chinese subsidiary. After consultation with China counsel, we do not believe that any of our PRC domestic resident stockholders are subject to the SAFE registration requirement. However, we cannot provide any assurances that all our stockholders who are PRC residents will not be required to make or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals required by these SAFE regulations in the future. The failure or inability of our PRC resident stockholders to comply with the registration procedures set forth therein may subject us to fines and legal sanctions, restrict our cross-border investment activities, or limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute dividends or obtain foreign-exchange-dominated loans to our company.

As it is uncertain how the SAFE regulations will be interpreted or implemented, we cannot predict how these regulations will affect our business operations or future strategy. For example, we may be subject to more stringent review and approval process with respect to our foreign exchange activities, such as remittance of dividends and foreign-currency-denominated borrowings, which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, if we decide to acquire a PRC domestic company, we cannot assure you that we or the owners of such company will be able to obtain the necessary approvals or complete the necessary filings and registrations required by the SAFE regulations. This may restrict our ability to implement our acquisition strategy and could adversely affect our business and prospects.

We may be subject to fines and legal sanctions by SAFE or other PRC government authorities if we or our employees who are PRC citizens fail to comply with PRC regulations relating to employee stock options granted by offshore listed companies to PRC citizens.

On March 28, 2007, SAFE promulgated the Operating Procedures for Foreign Exchange Administration of Domestic Individuals Participating in Employee Stock Ownership Plans and Stock Option Plans of Offshore Listed Companies, or Circular 78. Under Circular 78, Chinese citizens who are granted share options by an offshore listed company are required, through a Chinese agent or Chinese subsidiary of the offshore listed company, to register with SAFE and complete certain other procedures, including applications for foreign exchange purchase quotas and opening special bank accounts. We and our Chinese employees who have been granted share options are subject to Circular 78. Failure to comply with these regulations may subject us or our Chinese employees to fines and legal sanctions imposed by SAFE or other PRC government authorities and may prevent us from further granting options under our share incentive plans to our employees. Such events could adversely affect our business operations.

Our business and financial performance may be materially adversely affected if the PRC regulatory authorities determine that our acquisition of Jinong constitutes a Round-trip Investment without the PRC Ministry of Commerce (“MOFCOM”) approval.

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies promulgated the Regulation on Merger and Acquisition of Domestic Companies by Foreign Investors (the “2006 M&A Rules”), which became effective on September 8, 2006. According to the 2006 M&A Rules, a “Round-trip Investment” is defined as having taken place when a PRC business that is owned, directly or indirectly, by PRC individual(s) is sold to a non-PRC entity that is established or controlled, directly or indirectly, by those same PRC individual(s) and their PRC affiliates. Under the 2006 M&A Rules, any Round-trip Investment must be approved by the MOFCOM. The application of the 2006 M&A Rules with respect to the definition of Round-trip Investment remains unclear, with no consensus currently existing among the leading PRC law firms regarding the definition, scope of the applicability of the MOFCOM approval.

We, through Green New Jersey, acquired 100% of the capital stock of Jinong (the “Jinong Acquisition.”) Jinong is a PRC business whose stockholders were two PRC individuals and a PRC entity, of which Mr. Tao Li, our former Chairman and CEO, was the controlling stockholder, holding 31% of its shares. The PRC regulatory authorities could take the view that the Jinong Acquisition may be part of a Round-trip Investment. The PRC legal counsel of Jinong has opined that the Jinong Acquisition did not violate any PRC law, which would include the 2006 M&A Rules. We, however, cannot assure you that the PRC regulatory authority, MOFCOM, will take the same view as the PRC legal counsel. If the PRC regulatory authorities take the view that the Jinong Acquisition constitutes a Round-trip Investment under the 2006 M&A Rules, we cannot be assured that we may be able to obtain the approval required from MOFCOM.

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If the PRC regulatory authorities take the view that the Jinong Acquisition constitutes a Round-trip Investment without MOFCOM approval, they could invalidate our acquisition and ownership of Jinong. Additionally, the PRC regulatory authorities may take the view that the Jinong Acquisition constitutes a transaction which requires the prior approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or CSRC, before MOFCOM approval is obtained. We believe that if this takes place, we may be able to find a way to re-establish control of Jinong’s business operations through a series of contractual arrangements rather than an outright purchase of Jinong. We cannot assure you that such contractual arrangements will be protected by PRC law or that we can receive as complete or effective economic benefit and overall control of Jinong’s business than if the Company had direct ownership of Jinong. In addition, we cannot assure you that such contractual arrangements can be successfully affected under PRC law. If we cannot obtain MOFCOM or CSRC approval if required by the PRC regulatory authorities to do so, and if we cannot put in place or enforce relevant contractual arrangements as an alternative and equivalent means of control of Jinong, our corporate structure could be materially adversely affected.

Jinong’s contractual arrangements with Yuxing may result in adverse tax consequences to us.

We could face material and adverse tax consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that Jinong’s contractual arrangements with Yuxing were not made on an arm’s length basis and adjust our income and expenses for PRC tax purposes in the form of a transfer pricing adjustment. A transfer pricing adjustment could result in a reduction, for PRC tax purposes, of adjustments recorded by Yuxing, which could adversely affect us by increasing Yuxing’s tax liability without reducing Jinong’s tax liability, which could further result in late payment fees and other penalties to Yuxing for underpaid taxes.

We control Yuxing through contractual arrangements which may not be as effective in providing control over Yuxing as direct ownership, and if Yuxing or its shareholders breach the contractual arrangements, we would have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law, which may not be available or effective, to enforce or protect our rights.

Effective June 16, 2013, we conduct substantially all our operations on agriculture products, and generate substantially all our revenues from agriculture products, through contractual arrangements with VIE, Yuxing, that provide us, through our ownership of Green New Jersey and its ownership of Jinong, with effective control over Yuxing. We have no direct ownership interest in Yuxing. We depend on Yuxing to hold and maintain agriculture products contracts with our customers. Yuxing also owns substantially all our property, facilities and other assets relating to the operation of our agriculture products business and employs the personnel for substantially all our agriculture products business. Neither we nor Jinong has any direct ownership interest in Yuxing. Although we believe that that each contract under Jinong’s contractual arrangements with Yuxing is valid, binding and enforceable under current PRC laws and regulations in effect, these contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over Yuxing as direct ownership of Yuxing would be. In addition, Yuxing may breach the contractual arrangements. For example, Yuxing may decide not to make contractual payments to Jinong, and consequently to us, in accordance with the existing contractual arrangements. In the event of any such breach, we would have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law. These remedies may not always be available or effective, particularly considering uncertainties in the PRC legal system.

Yuxing may also seek to renew its agreements on terms that are disadvantageous to us. Although we have entered into a series of agreements that provide us with substantial ability to control Yuxing, we may not succeed in enforcing our rights under them insofar as our contractual rights and legal remedies under PRC law are inadequate. If we are unable to renew these agreements on favorable terms when these agreements expire or enter into similar agreements with other parties, our business may not be able to operate or expand, and our operating expenses may significantly increase.

In addition, although we do not rely on Yuxing’s revenue, Yuxing’s VIE structure is subject to uncertainty amid the PRC’s changing legislative practice. In January 2015, China’s Ministry of Commerce unveiled draft legislation that could change how the government regulates corporate structures, especially for VIEs controlled by foreign investments. Instead of looking at “ownership,” the draft law focuses on the entities or individuals who control a VIE. If a VIE is deemed to be controlled by foreign investors, it may be barred from operating in restricted sectors or the prohibited sectors listed on a “negative list,” where only companies controlled by Chinese nationals could operate, even if structured as VIEs.

If the draft law is implemented in any form, and the Company’s business is characterized as one of the “restricted” or “prohibited” sectors, Yuxing may be barred from operation, which would materially adversely affect our business.

PRC laws and regulations governing our businesses and the validity of certain of our contractual arrangements are uncertain. If we are found to be in violation of such PRC laws and regulations, we could be subject to sanctions. In addition, changes in such PRC laws and regulations may materially and adversely affect our business.

There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of Yuxing’s contractual arrangements with Jinong. Jinong is considered a foreign invested enterprise under PRC law. As a result, Jinong is subject to PRC law limitations on its businesses and foreign ownership of Chinese companies. These laws and regulations are relatively new and may be subject to change, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance by foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively.

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The PRC government has broad discretion in dealing with violations of laws and regulations, including levying fines, revoking business and other licenses and requiring actions necessary for compliance. Licenses and permits issued or granted to us by relevant governmental bodies may be revoked later by higher regulatory bodies. We cannot predict the effect of the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations on our businesses. We cannot assure you that our current ownership and operating structure would not be found in violation of any current or future PRC laws or regulations. As a result, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, and could be required to restructure our operations or cease to provide certain services. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. Any of these or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business operations or restrict us from conducting a substantial portion of our business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The PRC environmental laws and regulations may adversely impact on our business.

Our manufacturing operations are subject to numerous environmental laws, ordinances and regulations. These laws, ordinances and regulations address and regulate, among other matters, wastewater discharge, air quality and the generation, handling, storage, treatment, disposal and transportation of solid and hazardous waste. It is possible that compliance with a new regulatory requirement could impose significant compliance costs on us. Such costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The increased global focus on environmental and social issues could result in the adoption of more stringent standards in these areas by the PRC.

We believe that we have obtained all permits, licenses and approvals, and filed all registrations required for the conduct of our business, except where the failure to obtain such permit, license or approval, or file any registration would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have not been notified by any governmental authority of any continuing noncompliance, liability or other claim relating to any of our properties or business operations, nor are we aware of any other material environmental condition with respect to any of our properties or arising out of our business operations at any other location.

However, no assurance can be given that all potential environmental liabilities have been identified or properly quantified or that any prior owner, operator, or tenant has not created an environmental condition unknown to us. Moreover, no assurance can be given that (i) future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose any material environmental liability or (ii) the current environmental condition of the properties will not be affected by the condition of land or operations near the properties (such as the presence of underground storage tanks), or by third parties unrelated to us.

PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from using the proceeds we receive from any offerings to make loans to our PRC subsidiaries or to make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

We are a holding company in the United States conducting our operations in China through our PRC subsidiaries. In utilizing the proceeds, we may receive from any offerings, we may make loans to our PRC subsidiaries, whether currently in existence or to be formed in the future, or we may make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries.

Any loans we make to our PRC subsidiaries cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with SAFE, or its local counterparts. Under applicable PRC law, the government authorities must approve a foreign-invested enterprise’s registered capital amount, which represents the total amount of capital contributions made by the stockholders that have registered with the registration authorities. In addition, the authorities must also approve the foreign-invested enterprise’s total investment, which is equal to the company’s registered capital plus the amount of stockholder loans it is permitted to borrow under the law. The ratio of registered capital to total investment cannot be lower than the minimum statutory requirement. If we make loans to our operating subsidiaries in China that do not exceed the current maximum amount of borrowings, we will have to register each loan with SAFE or its local counterpart for the issuance of a registration certificate of foreign debts. In practice, it could be time-consuming to complete such SAFE registration process. Alternatively, or concurrently with the loans, we might make capital contributions to our operating subsidiaries in China and such capital contributions involve uncertainties of their own. Further, SAFE promulgated a new circular (known as Circular 142) in August 2008 with respect to the administration of conversion of foreign exchange capital contributions of a foreign-invested enterprise. The circular clarifies that RMB converted from foreign exchange capital contributions can only be used for the activities within the approved business scope of such foreign-invested enterprise and cannot be used for domestic equity investments unless otherwise permitted.

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While we do not foresee this to happen soon, with respect to future loans by us to our PRC subsidiaries or with respect to future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries, we cannot be assured that we will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, when the need arises. If circumstances call and if we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use the proceeds we receive from this offering and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely and materially affect our ability to fund and expand our business.

The PRC government has significant influence over companies with China-based operations by enforcing existing rules and regulation, adopting new ones, or changing relevant industrial policies in a manner that may materially increase our compliance cost, change the relevant industry landscape or otherwise cause significant changes to our remaining business operations in China, which could result in material and adverse changes in our operations and cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

The PRC government has significant influence over China-based operations of any company by allocating resources, providing preferential treatment to industries or companies, or imposing industry-wide policies on certain industries. The PRC government may also amend or enforce existing rules and regulation, or adopt ones, which could materially increase our compliance cost, change the relevant industry landscape, or cause significant changes to our business operations in China. In addition, the PRC regulatory system is based in part on government policies and internal guidance, some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all, and some of which may even have a retroactive effect. We may not be always aware of all non-compliance incidents, and may face regulatory investigation, fines, and other penalties as a result. As a result of the changes in the industrial policies of the PRC government, including the amendment to and/or enforcement of the related laws and regulations, companies with China-based operations face significant compliance and operational risks and uncertainties. For example, on July 24, 2021, Chinese state media, including Xinhua News Agency and China Central Television, announced a broad set of reforms targeting private education companies providing after-school tutoring services and prohibiting foreign investments in institutions providing such after-school tutoring services. As a result, the market value of certain U.S. listed companies with China-based operations in the affected sectors declined substantially. On August 30, 2021, the PRC government-imposed restrictions over the provision of online gaming services to minors, aiming at curbing excessive indulgence in online gaming and protecting minors’ mental and physical health, which could adversely affect the development of the online gaming industry in China. The PRC government has also imposed severe restrictions over the operations of cryptocurrency business, which changed the entire industry landscape in China. In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission of China may classify cryptocurrency mining operations as an industry to be eliminated. We have adopted a development strategy to focus on the development and expansion of our blockchain and cryptocurrency mining operations into international markets. As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any similar regulations that may be adopted to significantly curtail our existing business operations in China. However, if such other adverse regulations or policies are adopted in China, our existing operations in China will be materially and adversely affected, and we may have to relocate our offices and certain assets to international markets outside China, which may significantly disrupt our international operations and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we were to be deemed as a “resident enterprise” by PRC tax authorities, we could be subject to tax on our global income at the rate of 25% under the Enterprise Income Tax Law (“2008 EIT Law”) in the PRC and our non-PRC shareholders could be subject to certain PRC taxes.

Under the 2008 EIT Law and the implementing rules, both of which became effective January 1, 2008, an enterprise established outside of the PRC with “de facto management bodies” within the PRC may be considered a PRC “resident enterprise” and will be subject to the enterprise income tax at the rate of 25% on its global income as well as PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. The implementing rules of the 2008 EIT Law define “de facto management” as “substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel, accounting, and properties” of the enterprise. If we were to be considered a “resident enterprise” by the PRC tax authorities, our global income would be taxable under the 2008 EIT Law at the rate of 25% and, to the extent we were to generate a substantial amount of income outside of PRC in the future, we would be subject to additional taxes. In addition, the dividends we pay to our non-PRC enterprise shareholders and gains derived by such shareholders from the transfer of our shares may also be subject to PRC withholding tax at the rate up to 10%, if such income were regarded as China-sourced income. In addition, the circular mentioned above details that certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by Chinese enterprises or Chinese group enterprises will be classified as “resident enterprises” if the following are located or resident in China: senior management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production, operation and management; financial and personnel decision making bodies; key properties, accounting books, company seal, and minutes of board meetings and stockholders’ meetings; and half or more of the directors with voting rights or senior management. However, as of the date hereof, no final interpretation on the implementation of the “resident enterprise” designation is available. Moreover, any such designation, when made by PRC tax authorities, will be determined based on the facts and circumstances of individual cases. As a result, we cannot determine the likelihood or consequences of our being designated a “resident enterprise” as of the date hereof.

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If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a “resident enterprise,” we may be subject to enterprise income tax at a rate of 25% on our worldwide income and dividends paid by us to our non-PRC stockholders as well as capital gains recognized by them with respect to the sale of our stock may be subject to a PRC withholding tax. This will have an impact on our effective tax rate, a material adverse effect on our net income and results of operations, and it may require us to withhold tax on our non-PRC stockholders.

Because most of our assets are located outside of the United States and because almost all our directors and officers reside outside of the United States, it may be difficult for you to use the United States Federal securities laws to enforce your rights against us and our officers and most of our directors or to enforce judgments of United States courts against us or most of our directors and officers in the PRC.

Almost all our present officers and directors reside outside of the United States; accordingly, it may be difficult to serve them with process in case of a legal action against them. In addition, our operating subsidiaries are in the PRC and substantially all their assets are located outside of the United States. It may therefore be difficult for investors in the United States to enforce their legal rights based on the civil liability provisions of the United States Federal securities laws against us or our officers and directors in the courts of either the United States or the PRC and, even if civil judgments are obtained in courts of the United States, to enforce such judgments in PRC courts. It is unclear if extradition treaties now in effect between the United States and the PRC would permit effective enforcement against us or most of our directors and officers of criminal penalties, under the United States Federal securities laws or otherwise. In addition, enforcement of a foreign judgment in the PRC may be limited or otherwise affected by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, arrangement, moratorium or similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and will be subject to a statutory limitation of time within which proceedings may be brought.

Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.

We are required to comply with the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which generally prohibits United States companies from engaging in bribery or other prohibited payments to foreign officials for obtaining or retaining business. Foreign companies, including some that may compete with us, are not subject to these prohibitions, and therefore may have a competitive advantage over us. Corruption, extortion, bribery, pay-offs, theft and other fraudulent practices may occur in the PRC. If our competitors engage in these practices, they may receive preferential treatment, giving our competitors an advantage in securing business, which would put us at a disadvantage. We can make no assurance that our employees or other agents will not engage in such conduct for which we might be held responsible. If our employees or other agents are found to have engaged in such practices, we could suffer severe penalties and other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may have difficulty managing the risk associated with doing business in the Chinese fertilizer and agricultural products sectors.

In general, the fertilizer and agricultural products sectors in China are affected by a series of factors, including, but not limited to, natural, economic and social such as climate, market, technology, regulation, and globalization, which makes risk management difficult. Fertilizer and agricultural products operations in China face similar risks as present in other countries; however, in the PRC these can either be mitigated or exacerbated due to governmental intervention through policy promulgation and implementation either in the fertilizer and agricultural products or sectors which provide critical inputs to fertilizer and agricultural products such as energy or outputs such as transportation. While not an exhaustive list, the following factors could significantly affect our ability to do business:

| ● | food, feed, and energy demand including liquid fuels and crude oil;

| ● | agricultural, financial, energy and renewable energy and trade policies;

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| ● | input and output pricing due to market factors and regulatory policies;

| ● | production and crop progress due to adverse weather conditions, equipment deliveries, and water and irrigation conditions; and

| ● | infrastructure conditions and policies.

Currently, we do not hold and do not intend to purchase insurance policies to protect revenue in the case that the above conditions cause losses of revenue.

Risks Related to an Investment in our Stock.

Numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, may cause the market price of our Common Stock to fluctuate significantly.

We may not pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

We paid a cash dividend on January 30, 2015 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on the record date of October 31, 2014. However, we may not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future and we may not have sufficient funds legally available to pay dividends. Even if the funds are legally available for distribution, we may nevertheless decide not to pay, or may be unable to pay, any dividends. At present we intend to retain all earnings for our company’s operations.

The market price for our common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations, which may adversely affect the price at which you can sell our shares.

The market price for our common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:

| ● | actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operations results;

| ● | filing of a class action lawsuit against us and certain of our current and former officers;

| ● | changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

| ● | conditions in foreign or domestic fertilizer and agricultural markets;

| ● | changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other companies in the same industry;

| ● | announcements by us or our competitors of new products, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;

| ● | addition or departure of key personnel;

| ● | fluctuations of exchange rates between the RMB and the U.S. dollar;

| ● | intellectual property litigation;

| ● | general economic or political conditions in the PRC; and

| ● | Other events or factors, many of which are beyond our control.

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In addition, the securities market has from time-to-time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.

We may require additional financing in the future and our operations could be curtailed if we are unable to obtain required additional financing when needed.

We may need to obtain additional equity or debt financing to fund future capital expenditures. Additional equity may result in dilution to the holders of our outstanding shares of capital stock. Additional debt financing may include conditions that would restrict our freedom to operate our business, such as conditions that:

| ● | limit our ability to pay dividends or require us to seek consent for the payment of dividends;

| ● | increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

| ● | require us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund capital expenditures, working capital and other general corporate purposes; and

| ● | limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry.

We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain any additional financing on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all.

A SEC investor bulletin regarding reverse mergers may drive down the market price of our common stock.

On June 9, 2011, the SEC issued an investor bulletin in which it explained the process by which a company becomes a public company by means of a reverse merger, described the potential risks of investing in a reverse merger company and detailed recent enforcement actions taken by it against certain reverse merger companies. The investor bulletin raised specific concerns with respect to foreign companies that access the U.S. markets through the reverse merger process, as we did. The SEC investor bulletin could lead investors in our common stock to sell their shares and may cause other investors not to invest in us, thus driving down the market price of our common stock or making it more difficult for us to raise funds in the future.

Stockholders should have no expectation of any dividends in the future.

We paid a cash dividend on January 30, 2015 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on the record date of October 31, 2014. However, the Board of Directors may not intend to declare any dividends on our common stock soon, but instead currently intends to retain all earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business. If we decide to pay dividends, foreign exchange and other regulations in China may restrict our ability to distribute retained earnings from China or convert those payments from Renminbi into foreign currencies.

If our common stock were delisted and determined to be a “penny stock,” a broker-dealer may find it more difficult to trade our common stock and an investor may find it more difficult to acquire or dispose of our common stock in the secondary market.

If our common stock were removed from listing with the New York Stock Exchange, it may be subject to the so-called “penny stock” rules. The SEC has adopted regulations that define a “penny stock” to be any equity security that has a market price per share of less than $5.00, subject to certain exceptions, such as any securities listed on a national securities exchange. For any transaction involving a “penny stock,” unless exempt, the rules impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers, subject to certain exceptions. If our common stock were delisted and determined to be a “penny stock,” a broker-dealer may find it more difficult to trade our common stock and an investor may find it more difficult to acquire or dispose of our common stock on the secondary market. Investors in penny stocks should be prepared for the possibility that they may lose their whole investment.

The fact that we operate through a VIE poses certain risks.

China Green Agriculture, Inc., as a holding company incorporated in Nevada, the United States, without material operations of its own, relies on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by its PRC operating subsidiaries for its cash needs. We do not control the VIE or own any equity interest in it, but rely solely on contractual arrangements with the VIE. These contractual relationships are not equivalent to an equity position; their principal purpose is to allow the Company to consolidate the VIE results for US GAAP purposes. These contracts have not been tested in a court of law; the other parties to them could violate them, and we cannot be sure the courts will allow us any recourse in the case of such violations. Investors may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing original actions in China based upon U.S. laws, including the federal securities laws or other foreign laws against us or our management.

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Risks Related to Cybersecurity.

We may be exposed to cybersecurity threats and hacks, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The threats to network and data security are increasingly diverse and sophisticated. Despite our efforts and processes to prevent breaches, our computer servers and computer systems may be vulnerable to cybersecurity risks, including denial-of-service attacks, physical or electronic break-ins, employee theft or misuse and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our computer servers and computer systems. The preventive actions we take to reduce the risk of cyber incidents and protect our information technology and networks may be insufficient to repel a major cyber-attack in the future. To the extent that any disruption or security breach results in a loss or damage to our network, in unauthorized disclosure of confidential information or in a loss of our cryptocurrencies, it could cause significant damage to our reputation, lead to claims against us and ultimately have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, we may be required to incur significant costs to protect against damage caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future.

We may experience cybersecurity incidents such as telecom fraud.

Cyberattacks and security vulnerabilities could lead to increased costs, harm to employees.

Threats to IT security can take a variety of forms. Individual and groups of hackers and sophisticated organizations, undertake attacks that pose threats to our IT. These actors may use a wide variety of methods. Some fraudsters may steal the communication information of corporate executives such as WeChat, QQ, Dingding, and mail to trick corporate financial personnel to transfer money. They usually use “contract payment”, “deposit”, “business payment” and other reasons to induce the company’s financial personnel to transfer money from the company’s account. Financial personnel may not ask the relevant personnel for instructions and approval before the transfer of funds, and when the criminal suspects send instructions through QQ, they do not communicate and verify with the relevant person in charge of the company, and transfer the money to others’ accounts without authorization, resulting in the loss of the company’s property. Some fraudsters pose as national public security personnel, on the grounds of involvement, anti-money laundering, etc., to induce the click of unknown network links, by installing Trojan viruses in electronic products tools, steal online banking or mobile banking information, and directly steal funds. Telecom network fraud cases show a trend of multiple, and the amount of money involved is huge. These risks, if realized, may increase our costs, damage our reputation, or negatively impact our revenues or margins.

We actively improve the corresponding rules and regulations, clear job responsibilities, strengthen vocational skills training, strengthen anti-fraud publicity, popularize anti-fraud knowledge, enhance prevention awareness, and strengthen the ability to prevent telecom fraud. In addition, in order to defend against security threats to our IT systems, we need to constantly update security tools such as more secure firewalls and anti-virus software.

We may experience cybersecurity incidents such as intellectual property theft.

Intellectual property theft can cause organizations to suffer significant financial losses, and not only that, it can also raise compliance and legal issues, affecting our operations and growth.

Common forms of intellectual property theft include hacking, abuse of access by employees and subcontractors, and human error. Cybercriminals can gain unauthorized access to sensitive data and intellectual property through techniques such as phishing and malware infiltration. Dealing with stolen intellectual property is a lengthy and expensive process that can take years of legal proceedings.

Protecting intellectual property involves taking steps to ensure the security of confidential information in a company’s digital systems and physical environment, which includes the following practices: identifying the most valuable data, identifying security vulnerabilities in systems, regularly reviewing access to all IP, establishing a data security policy, establishing a baseline of normal activities, and employee education.

39

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties

There is no private ownership of land in China. All land is owned by the PRC government on behalf of all Chinese citizens or collectively owned by farmers. Land use rights can be granted or transferred with or without consideration upon approval by the PRC State Land Administration Bureau or its authorized branches.

Our principal executive offices are located at Third floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, PRC 710065. The office space is approximately 360 square meters (3,875 square feet). It is rented from Xi’an Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”), for a term of two years from July 1, 2022 at monthly rent of RMB28,000 (approximately $3,850) for 612 square meters (approximately 6,588 square feet) of office space.

Through Jinong, we own an approximately 6,495 square meters (69,911 square feet) production facility that manufactures liquid fertilizer products and a 13,803-square meter (148,576 square feet) production facility that produces liquid and highly concentrated (powdered) fertilizers, located in the Yang Ling Agriculture High-Tech Demonstration Zone, on No. 6 Guhua 5 Road, Yangling, Xi’an, Shaanxi province, PRC 712100. The production facilities occupy approximately 30,947 square meters (333,111 square feet) of land, which contains office buildings, warehouses and research laboratories. The production lines have a total annual production capacity of 55,000 metric tons. We own the land use rights for the land Jinong’s manufacturing facilities are situated for a term of 50 years from 2001.

Yuxing, Jinong’s wholly owned subsidiary, has land use rights to over 353,000 square meters (3,799,660 square feet) of land located in Hu County, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province on which we have built 98 sunlight greenhouses and 6 intelligent greenhouses as part of a research and development center currently under construction. Yuxing owns the land use rights to the property for a term of 50 years from 2009.

Through Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, we own an additional 17,930 square meters (approximately 192,997 square feet) of manufacturing, office and warehouse space and 47,110 square meters (approximately 507,088 square feet) of auxiliary facilities of the building located on approximately 42,726 square meters (459,898 square feet) of land located in No. 6 Mafang Logistics Park, Pinggu, Beijing. In addition, the eight manufacturing facilities of Gufeng and Tianjuyuan collectively increased our total annual production capacity by another 500,000 metric tons.

Tianjuyuan rents approximately 47,333 square meters (509,488 square feet) of land in the Ping Gu District of Beijing. Under the rental agreement dated February 16, 2004 with the village committee of Dong Gao Village and Zhen Nan Zhang Dai Village in the Beijing Ping Gu District. The rental term is from February 1, 2004 to January 31, 2054. While the rental agreement was recognized previously by our PRC counsel as invalid and unenforceable due to its permitted use, we have since obtained the proper land use right certificate from the relevant government entity.

Antaeus rents approximately 404 square meters (4,348 square feet) of office in Austin, Texas. The rental term is from April 1, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

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The details on our properties and manufacturing facilities are described in the table below:

Facility Location and Production Segment |  | Address |  | Area (square meters/ square feet) |  | Ownership Status and Term
Xi’an – Fertilizers (Jinong) |  | Yang Ling Agriculture High- tech Demonstration Zone, No. 6 Guhua 5 Road, Yangling, Xi’an, Shaanxi province |  | 30,947 sq. m. (333,111 sq. ft.) |  | Land use right (Certificate #006012633) expires in January 2051* (1)
Xi’an – Fertilizers (Jinong) |  | Yang Ling Agriculture High- tech Demonstration Zone, Guhua 5 Road, Yangling, Xi’an, Shaanxi province |  | 6,495 sq. m. No. 6 (69,911 sq. ft.) |  | Building Ownership Certificate (Certificate # 20050722) * (1)
Xi’an – Research and development center (Yuxing) |  | North Xin’an Village, Weifeng, Hu County, Shaanxi Province |  | 353,000 sq. m. (3,799,660 sq. ft.) |  | Land use right (Certificate #006001700) expires in August 2059
Beijing – Fertilizers (Tianjuyuan & Gufeng) |  | South of Nanzhangdai Village, Donggaocun Town, Ping Gu District, Beijing |  | 42,726 sq. m. (459,898 sq. ft.) |  | Land use right (Certificate #2003189) expires in August 2053 * (1)
Beijing – Fertilizers (Tianjuyuan & Gufeng) |  | South of Nanzhangdai Village, Donggaocun Town, Ping Gu District, Beijing |  | 17,930 sq. m. (192,997 sq. ft.) |  | Building Ownership Certificate# 33142 * (1)
Beijing – Fertilizers (Tianjuyuan & Gufeng) |  | South of Nanzhangdai Village, Donggaocun Town, Ping Gu District, Beijing |  | 47,333 sq. m. (509,488 sq. ft.) |  | Rent from February 2004 to January 2054
Austin – Bitcoin (Antaeus) |  | 3415 Greystone Dr, Suite 205, Austin, TX 78731 |  | 404 sq. m. (4,348 sq. ft.) |  | Rent from April 2024 to March 2025

* (1) | As of June 30, 2024, the encumbrances over our land use right and building ownership are summarized as below:

No. |  | Loan Amount |  | Lending Institution |  | Contract Period |  | Type of Guarantee |  | Interest Rate (Per Annum) |  |  | Property under Mortgage
1 |  | RMB 9 million ($1,237,500) |  | Beijing Bank -Pinggu Branch |  | June 28, 2024- June 27, 2025 |  | Mortgage |  |  | 3.95 | % |  | Tianjuyuan’s land
2 |  | RMB 10 million ($1,375,000) |  | Huaxia Bank -HuaiRou Branch |  | June 28, 2024- June 28, 2025 |  | Mortgage |  |  | 3.65 | % |  | Tianjuyuan’s land
3 |  | RMB 7 million ($962,500) |  | Pinggu New Village Bank |  | June 28, 2024- June 27, 2025 |  | Mortgage |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | Tianjuyuan’s land
4 |  | RMB 6.8 million ($935,000) |  | Industrial Bank Co. Ltd |  | August 19, 2022- August 18, 2024 |  | Mortgage |  |  | 3.98 | % |  | Office Building
5 |  | RMB 20 million ($2,750,000) |  | Industrial Bank Co. Ltd |  | October 7, 2023- October 6, 2024 |  | Mortgage |  |  | 3.70 | % |  | Jinong’s land
6 |  | RMB 15 million ($2,062,500) |  | Chang’An Bank |  | June 14, 2024- June 13, 2027 |  | Mortgage |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | Yuxing’s land

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings

On June 5, 2020, an individual filed suit pro se (as in, representing oneself without an attorney) in the Southern District of Florida federal court alleging violations of the Securities Exchange Act. The Company believes the action is without merit and vigorously opposed it. The Company moved to dismiss the litigation and for attorney’s fees from the plaintiff. On November 2, 2020, the case was transferred to the United States District Court for The Southern District Of New York. On March 31, 2021, the Southern District of New York federal court presiding over the case dismissed all claims against the Company, its executives, and its independent directors. The dismissal was without prejudice and the plaintiff can appeal or amend within 30 days, or by October 29, 2021. The plaintiff amended the complaint on Oct 30, 2021. On August 30, 2022, the Southern District of New York federal court presiding over the case issued an order granting motions to dismiss all claims in the amended complaint against the Company, its executives, and its independent directors. On September 6, 2022, the plaintiff filed a notice of civil appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit. On December 11, 2023, the Second Circuit affirmed the district court’s decision. On or about April 19, 2024, the Plaintiff filed an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States. The Company does not believe a response to Plaintiff’s appeal is necessary.

On May 28, 2024, an individual commenced a lawsuit in Texas state court against the Company and its co-CEO, Mr. Zhibiao Pan. The individual alleges that the Company used funds he stored in cryptocurrency wallets operated by entities related to Mr. Pan to purchase cryptocurrency mining sites. The Company plans to dismiss the lawsuit. The Company has engaged counsel and negotiated an extension to enable investigation of this matter, and will be responding to the lawsuit in December 2024.

There are no other actions, suits, proceedings, inquiries or investigations before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our companies or our subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

From time to time, the Company is a party to various legal actions or disputes that arise in the ordinary course of our business that we believe will not have a material effect on our business or financial condition, including claims and lawsuits alleging breaches of our contractual obligations. See Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

This item is not applicable to us.

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PART II

Item 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

We have two authorized classes of equity securities: (i) common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 14,793,538 shares of which were outstanding as of October 15, 2024, and (ii) preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, of which no shares were outstanding as of October 15, 2024. Since December 7, 2009, our common stock has been listed and traded on the NYSE under the symbol “CGA.”

Holders

As of October 15, 2024, there were approximately 328 shareholders of record of our common stock. This does not reflect the number of persons or entities who held stock in nominee or “street” name through various brokerage firms.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

On October 27, 2009, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) adopted the Company’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”). On December 11, 2009, our stockholders approved the Incentive Plan. The Incentive Plan gives us the ability to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock and other stock-based awards to our employees, consultants and to non-employee members of our advisory board or our Board or the board of directors of any of our subsidiaries. On October 3, 2012, October 25, 2013 and May 15, 2015, our Board approved the amendment to increase the shares covered by the Incentive Plan by three million shares. On April 23, 2019, our Board approved the fourth amendment to increase the shares covered by the Incentive Plan by 3.9 million shares and an extension of the Plan for an additional ten years. All four amendments were approved by our stockholders on the annual meetings held on December 15, 2012, December 22, 2013, June 30, 2015, and June 22, 2019, respectively.

On August 10, 2023, the Board adopted the Company’s 2023 Plan, which is subject to the approval by our stockholders under Proposal No. 2 in the forthcoming annual meeting to be held on November 7, 2023.

As of October 15, 2024, there were no outstanding options to purchase any shares of common stock granted under the Plans. Options granted in the future under the Plans are within the discretion of our Board or our compensation committee. The following table summarizes the number of shares of our common stock authorized for issuance under the Plans as of October 15, 2024.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

|  | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights |  |  | Weighted- average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights |  |  | Number of securities under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) |
Plan category |  | (a) |  |  | (b) |  |  | (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 59,011 |
Equity compensation plans to be approved by security holders |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,700,000 |
Total |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 2,759,011 |

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Performance Graph

The following graph compares the cumulative total return on our common stock, the NYSE Composite Index and a peer group index consisting of companies reporting under the S&P 500 Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals Sub Industry Index over the period commencing on June 30, 2019 and ending on June 30, 2024.

The performance graph in this Item 5 is not deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the Commission or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Exchange Act or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Report and irrespective of any general incorporation language in such filings.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Unregistered Securities.

There was no unregistered sale of the Company’s equity securities during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, that were not otherwise disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or a Current Report on Form 8-K.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

There was no purchase of equity securities by the Company during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, that were not otherwise disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or a Current Report on Form 8-K.

Item 6. [Reserved]

The Company has elected to early adopt the amendment to Item 301 of Regulation S-K and is no longer required to provide five years of selected financial data.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report. This discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements that involve significant risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, such as the slow-down of the macro-economic environment in China and its impact on economic growth in general, the competition in the fertilizer industry and the impact of such competition on pricing, revenues and margins, the weather conditions in the areas where our customers are based, the cost of attracting and retaining highly skilled personnel, the prospects for future acquisitions, and the factors set forth elsewhere in this report, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. With these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements contained in this report will in fact occur. You should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except to the extent required by U.S. federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Further, the information about our intentions contained in this report is a statement of our intention as of the date of this report and is based upon, among other things, the existing regulatory environment, industry conditions, market conditions and prices, and our assumptions as of such date. We may change our intentions, at any time and without notice, based upon any changes in such factors, in our assumptions or otherwise.

Unless the context indicates otherwise, as used in the notes to the financial statements of the Company, the following are the references herein of all the subsidiaries of the Company (i) Green Agriculture Holding Corporation (“Green New Jersey”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Nevada incorporated in the State of New Jersey; (ii) Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (“Jinong”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green New Jersey organized under the laws of the PRC; (iii) Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Yuxing”), a Variable Interest Entity in the PRC (“VIE”) controlled by Jinong through contractual agreements; (iv) Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jinong in the PRC (“Gufeng”); (v) Beijing Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Gufeng’s wholly-owned subsidiary in the PRC (“Tianjuyuan”). Yuxing may also collectively be referred to as the “the VIE Company”, and (vi)Antaeus Tech, Inc. (“Antaeus”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Nevada incorporated in the State of Delaware.

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to (i) “PRC” and “China” are to the People’s Republic of China; (ii) “U.S. dollar,” “$” and “US$” are to United States dollars; and (iii) “RMB”, “Yuan” and Renminbi are to the currency of the PRC or China.

Overview

We are engaged in the research, development, production, and sale of various types of fertilizers, agricultural products and Bitcoin in the PRC and United State through our wholly owned Chinese subsidiaries, Jinong and Gufeng (including Gufeng’s subsidiary Tianjuyuan), Yuxing, a VIE associated with Jinong, and our wholly owned U.S. subsidiary Antaeus. Our primary business is fertilizer products, specifically humic-acid based compound fertilizer produced by Jinong and compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizer, and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer produced by Gufeng. In addition, through Yuxing, we develop and produce various agricultural products, such as top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings. Besides, we engaged in the mining of digital assets Bitcoin through Antaeus. For financial reporting purposes, our operations are organized into four business segments: fertilizer products (Jinong), fertilizer products (Gufeng), agricultural products (Yuxing), and Bitcoin (Antaeus).

The fertilizer business conducted by Jinong and Gufeng generated approximately 88.8% and 92.1% of our total revenues for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Yuxing generated 9.8% and 7.8% of our revenues for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Yuxing serves as a research and development base for our fertilizer products. Antaeus generated 1.3% and 0.2% of our revenues for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Fertilizer Products

As of June 30, 2024, we had developed, produced, and sold a total of 407 different fertilizer products in use, of which 71 were developed and produced by Jinong and 336 by Gufeng.

Below is a table that shows the metric tons of fertilizer sold by Jinong and Gufeng and the revenue per ton for the periods indicated:

|  | Year Ended June 30, |  |  | Change 2023 to 2024 |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |
|  | (Metric tons) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  |  | 33,474 |  |  |  | 31,637 |  |  |  | 1,837 |  |  |  | 5.8 | %
Gufeng |  |  | 105,597 |  |  |  | 143,882 |  |  |  | (38,285 | ) |  |  | -26.6 | %
|  |  | 139,070 |  |  |  | 175,519 |  |  |  | (36,448 | ) |  |  | -20.8 | %

|  | Year Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
|  | (Revenue per tons) |
Jinong |  | $ | 983 |  |  | $ | 1,279 |
Gufeng |  |  | 491 |  |  |  | 516 |

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we sold approximately 139,070 metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 175,519 metric tons for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Jinong sold approximately 33,474 metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 31,637 metric tons for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Gufeng sold approximately 105,597 metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 143,882 metric tons for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Our sales of fertilizer products to five provinces accounted for approximately 68.0% of our manufactured fertilizer revenue for year ended June 30, 2024. Specifically, the provinces and their respective percentage contributed to our fertilizer revenues were Hebei (29.6%), Heilongjiang (12.2%), Inner Mongolia (10.6%), Liaoning (10.4%), and Shaanxi (5.1%).

As of June 30, 2024, we had a total of 935 distributors covering 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. Jinong had 590 distributors in China. Jinong’s sales are not dependent on any single distributor or any group of distributors. Jinong’s top five distributors accounted for 25.9% of its fertilizer revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. Gufeng had 345 distributors, including some large state-owned enterprises. Gufeng’s top five distributors accounted for 45.0% of its revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

Agricultural Products

Through Yuxing, we develop, produce and sell high-quality flowers, green vegetables and fruits to local marketplaces and various horticulture and planting companies. We also use certain of Yuxing’s greenhouse facilities to conduct research and development activities for our fertilizer products. The three PRC provinces that accounted for 83.8% of our agricultural products revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 were Shaanxi (72.4%), Beijing (7.1%), and Zhejiang (4.4%).

Digital Assets Bitcoin

In March 2023, we purchased digital assets mining machines and established Antaeus Tech Inc. (“Antaeus”) in the State of Texas to mine digital assets Bitcoin. Through Antaeus, we expanded our activities in the mining of digital assets Bitcoin.

Recent Developments

New products and distributors

During the three months ending June 30, 2024, Jinong discontinued 7 obsolete products and terminated 150 unqualified distributors. Meanwhile, Gufeng did not introduce any new fertilizer products or onboard new distributors.

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Results of Operations

Fiscal Year ended June 30, 2024 Compared to the Year ended June 30, 2023.

FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30

|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | Change $ |  |  | Change % |
Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | 32,954,490 |  |  | $ | 40,247,303 |  |  |  | (7,292,813 | ) |  |  | -18.1 | %
Gufeng |  |  | 52,189,666 |  |  |  | 74,028,542 |  |  |  | (21,838,876 | ) |  |  | -29.5 | %
Yuxing |  |  | 9,416,451 |  |  |  | 9,654,168 |  |  |  | (237,717 | ) |  |  | -2.5 | %
Antaeus |  |  | 1,285,181 |  |  |  | 210,342 |  |  |  | 1,074,839 |  |  |  | 511.0 | %
Net sales |  |  | 95,845,788 |  |  |  | 124,140,355 |  |  |  | (28,294,567 | ) |  |  | -22.8 | %
Cost of goods sold |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  |  | 21,778,141 |  |  |  | 28,942,247 |  |  |  | (7,164,106 | ) |  |  | -24.8 | %
Gufeng |  |  | 45,600,383 |  |  |  | 65,143,060 |  |  |  | (19,542,677 | ) |  |  | -30.0 | %
Yuxing |  |  | 7,816,566 |  |  |  | 7,981,531 |  |  |  | (164,965 | ) |  |  | -2.1 | %
Antaeus |  |  | 928,718 |  |  |  | 155,224 |  |  |  | 773,494 |  |  |  | 498.3 | %
Cost of goods sold |  |  | 76,123,808 |  |  |  | 102,222,062 |  |  |  | (26,098,254 | ) |  |  | -25.5 | %
Gross profit |  |  | 19,721,980 |  |  |  | 21,918,293 |  |  |  | (2,196,313 | ) |  |  | -10.0 | %
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling expenses |  |  | 7,790,881 |  |  |  | 8,334,453 |  |  |  | (543,572 | ) |  |  | -6.5 | %
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 40,779,553 |  |  |  | 27,197,200 |  |  |  | 13,582,354 |  |  |  | 49.9 | %
Change in fair value of Bitcoin |  |  | 2,701 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,701 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %
Total operating expenses |  |  | 48,573,135 |  |  |  | 35,531,653 |  |  |  | 13,041,483 |  |  |  | 36.7 | %
Loss from operations |  |  | (28,851,155 | ) |  |  | (13,613,360 | ) |  |  | (15,237,796 | ) |  |  | 111.9 | %
Other income (expense) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense) |  |  | 132,974 |  |  |  | 271,111 |  |  |  | (138,138 | ) |  |  | -51.0 | %
Interest income |  |  | 194,401 |  |  |  | 258,248 |  |  |  | (63,846 | ) |  |  | -24.7 | %
Interest expense |  |  | (292,186 | ) |  |  | (295,804 | ) |  |  | 3,618 |  |  |  | -1.2 | %
Total other income (expense) |  |  | 35,189 |  |  |  | 233,555 |  |  |  | (198,366 | ) |  |  | -84.9 | %
Loss before income taxes |  |  | (28,815,966 | ) |  |  | (13,379,805 | ) |  |  | (15,436,162 | ) |  |  | 115.4 | %
Provision for income taxes |  |  | (410,651 | ) |  |  | (97,820 | ) |  |  | (312,832 | ) |  |  | 319.8 | %
Net loss |  |  | (28,405,315 | ) |  |  | (13,281,985 | ) |  |  | (15,123,330 | ) |  |  | 113.9 | %
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation loss |  |  | 399,957 |  |  |  | (13,536,051 | ) |  |  | 13,936,008 |  |  |  | -103.0 | %
Comprehensive loss |  | $ | (28,005,358 | ) |  | $ | (26,818,036 | ) |  |  | (1,187,322 | ) |  |  | 4.4 | %
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 13,936,757 |  |  |  | 13,248,684 |  |  |  | 688,073 |  |  |  | 5.2 | %
Basic net loss per share |  | $ | (2.04 | ) |  | $ | (1.00 | ) |  |  | (1.04 | ) |  |  | 103.3 | %
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 13,936,757 |  |  |  | 13,248,684 |  |  |  | 688,073 |  |  |  | 5.2 | %
Diluted net loss per share |  | $ | (2.04 | ) |  | $ | (1.00 | ) |  |  | (1.04 | ) |  |  | 103.3 | %

Net Sales

Total net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 were $95,845,788, a decrease of $28,294,567 or 22.8%, from $124,140,355 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was principally due to Gufeng’s lower sales.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Jinong’s net sales decreased by $7,292,813, or 18.1%, to $32,954,490 from $40,247,303 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was mainly attributable to the reduction in unit price during the last fiscal year. Jinong sold 33,474 tons of product during the fiscal year 2024, an increase of 1,837 tons or 5.8% comparing with 31,637 tons in fiscal year 2023. However, the revenue per ton was only $983, a decrease of $297 or 23.2% compared to $1,279 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

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For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Gufeng’s net sales were $52,189,666, a decrease of $21,838,876, or 29.5% from $74,028,542, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decline in net sales was primarily due to reduced sales volume for Gufeng during the last fiscal year. Gufeng sold 105,597 tons of product during the fiscal year 2024, a decrease of 38,285 tons or 26.6% compared to 143,882 tons for fiscal year 2023.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, Yuxing’s net sales were $9,416,451, a decrease of $237,717, or 2.5%, from $9,654,168 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was mainly attributable to the decrease in market demand during the fiscal year 2024.

For the fiscal year ended June 30,2024, Antaeus’s net sales were $1,285,181, an increase of $1,074,839, or 511.0%, from $210,342 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Cost of Goods Sold

Total cost of goods sold for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $76,123,808, a decrease of $26,098,254, or 25.5%, from $102,222,062 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was due primarily to lower net sales.

Cost of goods sold by Jinong for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $21,778,141, a decrease of $7,164,106, or 24.8%, from $28,942,247, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease in cost of goods was mainly due the 18.1% decrease in Jinong’s net sales during the fiscal year 2024.

Cost of goods sold by Gufeng for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $45,600,383, a decrease of $19,542,677, or 30.0%, from $65,143,060, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease in cost of goods was mainly due to the 29.5% decrease in Gufeng’s net sales during the fiscal year 2024.

For year ended June 30, 2024, cost of goods sold by Yuxing was $7,816,566, a decrease of $164,965, or 2.1%, from $7,981,531 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was mainly due to the 2.5% decrease in Yuxing’s net sales during the fiscal year 2024.

For year ended June 30,2024, cost of goods sold by Antaeus was $928,718, an increase of $773,494, or 498.3%, from $155,224 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This increase was mainly due to the 511.0% increase in Antaeus’s net sales during the fiscal year 2024.

Gross Profit

Total gross profit for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 decreased by $2,196,313 to $19,721,980, as compared to $21,918,293 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Gross profit margin was 20.6% and 17.7% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Gross profit generated by Jinong decreased by $128,707, or 1.1%, to $11,176,349 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 from $11,305,056 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Gross profit margin from Jinong’s sales was approximately 33.9% and 28.1% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in gross profit percentage was mainly due to lower product cost.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, gross profit generated by Gufeng was $6,589,283, a decrease of $2,296,199, or 25.8%, from $8,885,482 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Gross profit margin from Gufeng’s sales was approximately 12.6% and 12.0% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, gross profit generated by Yuxing was $1,599,885, a decrease of $72,752, or 4.3% from $1,672,637 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The gross profit margin was approximately 17.0% and 17.3% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For the fiscal year ended June 30,2024, gross profit generated by Antaeus was $356,463, an increase of $301,345, or 546.7%, from $55,118 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.The gross profit margin was approximately 27.7% and 26.2% for the fiscal year ended June 30,2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Selling Expenses

Our selling expenses consisted primarily of salaries of sales personnel, advertising and promotion expenses, freight-out costs and related compensation. Selling expenses were $7,790,881, or 8.1%, of net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $8,334,453, or 6.7%, of net sales, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $543,572, or 6.5%. The selling expenses of Jinong for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 were $7,404,487 or 22.5% of Jinong’s net sales, as compared to selling expenses of $7,949,876 or 19.8% of Jinong’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $545,389, or 6.9%. The selling expenses of Yuxing were $102,059, or 1.1% of Yuxing’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $80,607, or 0.8% of Yuxing’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The selling expenses of Gufeng were $284,335, or 0.5% of Gufeng’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $303,970, or 0.4% of Gufeng’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consisted primarily of related salaries, rental expenses, business development, depreciation and travel expenses incurred by our general and administrative departments and legal and professional expenses, including expenses incurred and accrued for certain litigation. General and administrative expenses were $40,779,553, or 42.5% of net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $27,197,200, or 21.9%, of net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, an increase of $13,582,354, or 49.9%. The increase in general and administrative expenses was mainly due to higher bad debts expense.

Total Other Income (Expenses)

Total other income consisted of income from subsidies received from the PRC government, interest income, interest expenses and bank charges. Total other income for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $35,189, as compared to$233,555 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $198,366, or 84.9%. The decrease in total other income mainly resulted from lower subsidy income and higher bank charge in fiscal year 2024.

Income Taxes

Jinong is subject to a preferred tax rate of 15% because of its business being classified as a High-Tech project under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law (“EIT”) that became effective on January 1, 2008. Jinong has no income tax expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

Gufeng is subject to a tax rate of 25% and has no income tax expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

Yuxing has no income tax for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 because it is exempted from paying income tax due to its products falling into the tax exemption list set out in the EIT.

Antaeus is subject to a tax rate of 21% and has income tax expense of $(410,651) and $(97,820) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Net loss

Net loss for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $(28,405,315), an increase of loss with amount of $15,123,330, or 113.9%, compared to $(13,281,985), for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The increase was mainly due to higher General and administrative expenses. Net loss as a percentage of total net sales was approximately -29.6% and -10.7% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Discussion of Segment Profitability Measures

As of June 30, 2024, we were engaged in the following businesses: the production and sale of fertilizers through Jinong and Gufeng, the production and sale of high-quality agricultural products by Yuxing and the production and sale of Bitcoin by Antaeus. For financial reporting purpose, our operations were organized into four main business segments based on locations and products: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), Yuxing (agricultural products production) and Antaeus (Bitcoin). Each of the segments has its own annual budget about development, production and sales.

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Each of the four operating segments referenced above has separate and distinct general ledgers. The chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) makes decisions with respect to resources allocation and performance assessment upon receiving financial information, including revenue, gross margin, operating income and net income produced from the various general ledger systems; however, net income by segment is the principal benchmark to measure profit or loss adopted by the CODM.

For Jinong, net loss decreased by $1,241,528 or 29.4% to $(2,983,399) for the year ended June 30, 2024, from $(4,224,927) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The difference was due to lower product cost.

For Gufeng, net loss increased by $12,938,950 or 206.0% to $(19,219,575) for the year ended June 30, 2024 from $(6,280,625) for year ended June 30, 2023. The difference was primarily due to the increase in general and administrative expenses.

For Yuxing, net income decreased 205.1%, by $1,566,087, to $(802,575) for the year ended June 30, 2024 from $763,512 for year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease of net income was mainly due to higher general and administrative expenses.

For Antaeus, the net loss increased by $1,176,843 or 319.8% to $(1,544,831) for the year ended June 30, 2024 from $(367,988) for year ended June 30, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity include cash from operations, borrowings from local commercial banks and net proceeds of offerings of our securities.

As of June 30, 2024, cash and cash equivalents were $58,772,587, a decrease of $12,369,601, or 17.4%, from $71,142,188 as of June 30, 2023.

We intend to use the net proceeds from our securities offerings, as well as other working capital if required, to acquire new businesses and upgrade production lines. However, if events or circumstances occur and we do not meet our operating plan as expected, we may be required to seek additional capital and/or to reduce certain discretionary spending, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our business objectives. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we may seek additional financing as necessary for expansion purposes and when we believe market conditions are most advantageous, which may include additional debt and/or equity financings. There can be no assurance that any additional financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Any equity financing may result in dilution to existing stockholders and any debt financing may include restrictive covenants.

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:

|  | Year Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Net cash used in operating activities |  | $ | (9,872,781 | ) |  | $ | (990,122 | )
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (6,102,903 | ) |  |  | (472,720 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 3,274,064 |  |  |  | 19,771,581 |
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 332,020 |  |  |  | (4,936,854 | )
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (12,369,600 | ) |  |  | 13,371,885 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance |  |  | 71,142,188 |  |  |  | 57,770,303 |
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance |  | $ | 58,772,587 |  |  | $ | 71,142,188 |

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $9,872,781 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, an increase of $8,882,659, or 897.1% from cash used in operating activities of $990,122 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The increase was mainly due to higher net loss for fiscal year 2024.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $6,102,903, an increase of $5,630,183, or 1191.0%, from cash provided by investing activities of $472,720 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This increase was mainly attribute to long-term equity investment in 2024, as there was no long-term equity investment in fiscal year 2023.

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Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $3,274,064, a decrease of $16,497,517, or 83.4% from cash provided by financing activities of $19,771,581 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was mainly due to proceeds from the sale of common stock. In fiscal year 2024, there was no proceeds from the sale of common stock, compared to $16,757,130 of proceeds from the sale of common stock for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

As of June 30, our loans payable was as follows:

|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Short term loans payable: |  |  | 7,466,250 |  |  |  | 5,346,640 |
Long term loans payable: |  | $ | 1,856,250 |  |  | $ | 937,040 |
Total |  | $ | 9,322,500 |  |  | $ | 6,283,680 |

Accounts Receivable

We had accounts receivable of $16,493,068 as of June 30, 2024, as compared to $16,455,734 as of June 30, 2023, an increase of $37,334 or 0.2%. The principal reason for the increase is due to the increase of Jinong’s accounts receivable. As of June 30, 2024, Jinong had accounts receivable of $11,774,294, an increase of $1,077,498, or 10.1%, compared to $10,696,796 as of June 30, 2023. As of June 30, 2024, Allowance for doubtful accounts in accounts receivable for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was $22,741,696, a decrease of $31,966,790 or 58.4% from $54,708,486 as of June 30, 2023. And the allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of accounts receivable was 58.0% as of June 30, 2024 and 76.9% as of June 30, 2023.

We had no deferred assets as of June 30, 2024 and 2023. During the twelve months, we assisted the distributors in certain marketing efforts and developing standard stores to expand our competitive advantage and market shares. Based on the distributor agreements, the amount owed by the distributors in certain marketing efforts and store development will be expensed over three years if the distributors are actively selling our products. If a distributor defaults, breaches, or terminates the agreement with us earlier than the contractual terms, the unamortized portion of the amount owed by the distributor is payable to us immediately. The deferred assets had been fully amortized as of June 30, 2024.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the Company to use the assets and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the assets and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carry forward. Under this accounting standard, the effect on deferred income taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, a deferred tax asset will not be realized.

ASC 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes defines uncertainty in income taxes and the evaluation of a tax position is a two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigation based on the technical merits of that position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which the threshold is no longer met.

Inventories

We had inventories of $37,826,456 as of June 30, 2024, compared to $46,455,131 as of June 30, 2023, a decrease of $8,628,675, or 18.6%., The principal reason for the decrease is due to the decrease of Gufeng’s inventory. As of June 30, 2024, Gufeng’s inventory was $11,225,115, compared to $21,691,450 as of June 30, 2023, a decrease of $10,466,335, or 48.3%.

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Advances to Suppliers

We had advances to suppliers of $12,110,034 as of June 30, 2024, comparing to $14,332,715 as of June 30, 2023, representing a decrease of $2,222,681, or 15.5%. Our inventory level may fluctuate from time to time, depending how fast the raw material is consumed and replenished during the production process, and how fast the finished goods are sold. The replenishment of raw material relies on the management’s estimate of numerous factors, including but not limited to, the raw materials future price, and spot price along with their volatility, as well as the seasonal demand and future price of finished fertilizer products. Such estimate may not be accurate, and the purchase decision of raw materials based on the estimate can cause excessive inventories in slow sales and insufficient inventories in peak times.

Accounts Payable

We had accounts payable of $1,685,725 as of June 30, 2024 as compared to $2,100,449 as of June 30, 2023, representing a decrease of $414,724, or 19.7%. The decrease was primarily due to Antaeus. As of June 30, 2024, Antaeus’s account payable was $184,429, compared to $658,685 as of June 30, 2023, a decrease of $474,256, or 72.0%.

Unearned Revenue (Customer Deposit)

We had unearned revenue of $4,937,207 as of June 30, 2024, comparing to $5,489,781 as of June 30, 2023, representing a decrease of $552,574, or 10.1%. The decrease was mainly due to Jinong. Jinong has $525,929 unearned revenue as of June 30, 2024, comparing to $1,152,204 unearned revenue as of June 30, 2023, representing a decrease of $626,275, or 54.4%. We expect to deliver products to our customers during the next three months at which time we will recognize the revenue.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. Our financial statements reflect the selection and application of accounting policies which require management to make significant estimates and judgments. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We believe that the following paragraphs reflect the most critical accounting policies that currently affect our financial condition and results of operations:

Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made. However, actual results and outcomes may differ from management’s estimates and assumptions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment.

Revenue recognition

Sales revenue is recognized at the date of shipment to customers when a formal arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, the delivery is completed, we have no other significant obligations and collectability is reasonably assured. Payments received before all the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as unearned revenue.

Our revenue consists of invoiced value of goods, net of a value-added tax (VAT). No product return or sales discount allowance is made as products delivered and accepted by customers are normally not returnable and sales discounts are normally not granted after products are delivered.

Cash and cash equivalents

For statement of cash flows purposes, we consider all cash on hand and in banks, certificates of deposit and other highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash and cash equivalents.

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Accounts receivable

Our policy is to maintain reserves for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. Any accounts receivable of Jinong and Gufeng that are outstanding for more than 180 days will be accounted as allowance for bad debts, and any accounts receivable of Yuxing that are outstanding for more than 90 days will be accounted as allowance for bad debts.

Assets held for sale

There were no assets held for sale as of June 30, 2024.

Deferred assets

Deferred assets represent amounts the Company advanced to the distributors in their marketing and stores development to expand our competitive advantage and market shares. Based on the distributor agreements, the amount owed by the distributors in certain marketing efforts and store development will be expensed over three years if the distributors are actively selling our products. If a distributor defaults, breaches, or terminates the agreement with us earlier than the realization of the contractual terms, the unamortized portion of the amount owed by the distributor is to be refunded to us immediately. The deferred assets had been fully amortized as of June 30, 2024.

Segment reporting

FASB ASC 280 requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other way management disaggregates a company.

As of June 30, 2024, we were organized into four main business units: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), Yuxing (agricultural products production) and Antaeus(Bitcoin). For financial reporting purpose, our operations were organized into four main business segments based on locations and products: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), Yuxing (agricultural products production) and Antaeus(Bitcoin). Each of the segments has its own annual budget regarding development, production, and sales.

Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

Disclosures about Market Risk

We may be exposed to changes in financial market conditions in the normal course of business. Market risk generally represents the risk that losses may occur because of movements in interest rates and equity prices. We currently do not, in the normal course of business, use financial instruments that are subject to changes in financial market conditions.

Currency Fluctuations and Foreign Currency Risk

Substantially all our revenues and expenses are denominated in RMB. However, we use the U.S. dollar for financial reporting purposes. Conversion of RMB into foreign currencies is regulated by the People’s Bank of China through a unified floating exchange rate system. Although the PRC government has stated its intention to support the value of RMB, there can be no assurance that such exchange rate will not again become volatile or that RMB will not devalue significantly against U.S. dollar. Exchange rate fluctuations may adversely affect the value, in U.S. dollar terms, of our net assets and income derived from our operations in the PRC.

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Except for U.S. holding companies, all our consolidated revenues, consolidated costs and expenses, and our assets are denominated in RMB. As a result, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk as our revenues and results of operations may be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and RMB. If RMB depreciates against the U.S. dollar, the value of our RMB revenues, earnings and assets as expressed in our U.S. dollar financial statements will decline. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates as of the balance sheet dates, revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates, and shareholders’ equity is translated at historical exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining net income but are included in determining other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders’ equity. As of June 30, 2024, our accumulated other comprehensive loss was $26.6 million. We have not entered any hedging transactions to reduce our exposure to foreign exchange risk. The value of RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by, among other things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions. Between July 1, 2023 and June 30, 2024, China’s currency decreased by a cumulative 0.2% against the U.S. dollar, making Chinese exports cheaper and imports into China more expensive by that percentage. The effect on trade can be substantial. Moreover, it is possible that, in the future, PRC authorities may lift restrictions on fluctuations in RMB exchange rate and lessen intervention in the foreign exchange market.

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Interest Rate Risk

We deposit surplus funds with Chinese banks earning daily interest. We do not invest in any instruments for trading purposes. All our outstanding debt instruments carry fixed rates of interests. The amount of short-term debt outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 was $7.5 million and $5.3 million, respectively. We are exposed to interest rate risk primarily with respect to our short-term bank loans. Although the interest rates, which are based on the banks’ prime rates with respect to our short-term loans, are fixed for the terms of the loans, the terms are typically three to twelve months for short-term bank loans and interest rates are subject to change upon renewal. There were no material changes in interest rates for short-term bank loans renewed during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. The original loan term on average is one year, and the remaining average life of the short term-loans is one year.

Management monitors the banks’ prime rates in conjunction with our cash requirements to determine the appropriate level of debt balances relative to other sources of funds. We have not entered any hedging transactions to reduce our exposure to interest rate risk.

Credit Risk

We have experienced higher credit risk than usual since 2020. With the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, the overdue outstanding accounts receivable increased significantly compared with the years prior to the pandemic. Our accounts receivables are typically unsecured and are mainly derived from revenues earned from customers in the PRC. Most of our customers are individuals and small and medium-sized enterprises (“SMEs”), which may not have strong cash flows or be well capitalized. They may be vulnerable to an epidemic outbreak and slowing macroeconomic conditions. Many of the SMEs that we work with cannot weather COVID-19 and the resulting economic impact, or they cannot resume business as usual after a prolonged outbreak. Numerous distributors encountered significant difficulties and/or hardships in their businesses amid the pandemic. Even through our receivables are monitored regularly by our credit managers, the bad debts expenses are higher in recent 4 years comparing with the years before 2020.

Inflation Risk

Inflationary factors such as increases in the cost of our products and overhead costs may adversely affect our operating results. Notwithstanding the measures taken by the PRC government to control inflation, China still experienced an increase in inflation and our operating cost became higher than anticipated. The high rate of inflation had an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of gross margin and selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues if the selling prices of our products do not increase with these increased costs.

Risk of epidemics, pandemics, or other outbreaks

The outbreak of COVID-19 has adversely affected, and in the future it or other epidemics, pandemics or outbreaks may adversely affect, our operations. This is or may be due to closures or restrictions requested or mandated by governmental authorities, disruption to supply chains and workforce, reduction of demand for our products and services, and credit losses when customers and other counterparties fail to satisfy their obligations to us. We share most of these risks with all businesses.

In addition, the COVID-19 outbreak has significantly increased economic and demand uncertainty. The current outbreak and continued spread of COVID-19 may cause a global recession, which would have a further adverse impact on our financial condition and operations, and this impact could exist for an extensive period.

The Company is continuing to monitor the situation and take appropriate actions in accordance with the recommendations and requirements of relevant authorities. The full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operational and financial performance is currently uncertain and will depend on many factors outside the Company’s control, including, without limitation, the timing, extent, trajectory and duration of the pandemic, the development and availability of effective treatments and vaccines, the imposition of protective public safety measures, and the impact of the pandemic on the global economy and demand for consumer products.

Additional future impacts on the Company may include, but are not limited to, material adverse effects on demand for the Company’s products and services; the Company’s supply chain and sales and distribution channels; the Company’s ability to execute its strategic plans; and the Company’s profitability and cost structure. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and stock price, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described above.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Balance sheets, as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, and statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, together with the related notes and the reports of our independent registered public accounting firms, are set forth on the “F” pages of this report.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not applicable.

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Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), at the conclusion of the period ended June 30, 2023 we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and adequately designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms and that such information was accumulated and communicated to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a manner that allowed for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility that a control can be circumvented or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected in a timely manner. Also, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time. Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control will provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. In addition, the design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Therefore, any current evaluation of controls cannot and should not be projected to future periods.

Management assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of the year ended June 30, 2024. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 2013 framework (COSO) in the report entitled “Internal Control-Integrated Framework.” The COSO framework summarizes each of the components of a company’s internal control system, including (i) the control environment, (ii) risk assessment, (iii) control activities, (iv) information and communication, and (v) monitoring.

Based on management’s assessment using the COSO criteria, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2024 to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We are not required to have our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024 audited by our auditors because we are a smaller reporting company.

Changes in internal controls

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during our last fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

There is no other information required to be disclosed under this item which was not previously disclosed.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

None.

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PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Set forth below are the names of our directors, executive officers and significant employees of our company as of the date of this Form 10-K, their ages, all positions and offices that they hold with us, the periods during which they have served as such, and their business experience during at least the last five years.

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Term as
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Director of
Name |  | Position with the Company |  | Age |  |  | Company
Zhuoyu Li |  | Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer, President |  | 32 |  |  | 2017 - Present
Zhibiao Pan |  | Co-Chief Executive Officer |  | 41 |  |  | 2022 - Present
Yongcheng Yang |  | Chief Financial Officer |  | 59 |  |  | 2017 - Present
Jian Huang |  | Director |  | 35 |  |  | 2021 - Present
Xiaolai Li |  | Director |  | 52 |  |  | 2021 - Present
Cui Song |  | Director |  | 38 |  |  | 2023 - Present
|  | Compensation Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
|  | Audit Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
|  | Nominating Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
Daqing Zhu |  | Director |  | 59 |  |  | 2017 - Present
|  | Chairman of the Audit Committee |  |  |  |  |
|  | Compensation Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
|  | Nominating Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
Lianfu Liu |  | Director |  | 85 |  |  | 2007 - Present
|  | Chairman of the Nominating Committee |  |  |  |  |
|  | Audit Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
|  | Compensation Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
Jinjun Lu |  | Director |  | 51 |  |  | 2017 - Present
|  | Chairman of the Compensation Committee |  |  |  |  |
|  | Audit Committee Member |  |  |  |  |
|  | Nominating Committee Member |  |  |  |  |

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Name |  | Position with the Company and Principal Occupations
Zhuoyu Li |  | Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer since 2017. Mr. Li was President of the Company until the death of his father, Tao Li, in December 2017, at which time he was appointed to serve as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Li has six years of experience in agricultural industry. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Li has served as Chief Operating Officer at the Company’s affiliate, 900LH.com Food Co., Ltd. (“900LH.com”) since January 2016. From January 2015 to January 2016, Mr. Li served as a senior manager at the international department of 900LH.com, where he helped to develop the international market. Mr. Li served as a senior manager at the customer center of 900LH.com from March 2013 through January 2015. He studied business at the University of Auckland in 2012. We believe Mr. Li’s practical experience from serving as President of the Company and with 900LH.com qualify him to serve as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company.
Zhibiao Pan |  | Co-Chief Executive Officer since 2022. Mr. Pan has many years of experience in blockchain industry and Bitcoin mining technology. Mr. Pan founded Poolin Group in 2017 and serving as CEO of Poolin Group. Prior to that, Mr. Pan served as director of software R&D at Bitmain from 2015 to 2017. In 2014, he founded Tang Chi Technology Co., Ltd, and served as CEO till 2015. From 2013 to 2014, Mr. Pan served as Chief Technical Advisor at Bit Fund. From 2011 to 2013, he served as senior R&D manager at Baidu Online Network Technology Group; In 2008, he served in Beijing Dangdang Information Technology Co., Ltd., where he responsible for the big data technical research; Mr. Pan received his bachelor’s degree of engineering in aircraft design from Beijing Institute of Technology in 2008.
Yongcheng Yang |  | Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Yang has served as the Chief Financial Officer of our company since 2017. He served as Senior Vice President of Finance since January 2016. Before that, Mr. Yang served as the chief financial officer of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd. (“Gufeng”) since July 2010. Earlier, Mr. Yang had served various senior, and executive level positions in finance for the Company and the Company’s affiliate, Xi’an TechTeam Investment Holding (Group) Co., Ltd, since 2002. Mr. Yang started his career in accounting and finance at Shaanxi Weidong Chemistry Co., Ltd from 1989 to 2002. Mr. Yang graduated from Xi’an Jiaotong University in 1989 with his bachelor’s degree in accounting.

Jian Huang |  | Director. Mr. Huang has served as a director of our company since August 30, 2021. Mr. Huang is an experienced investor in blockchains and crypto currencies. He was the founder of ChainVC, a digital assets fund focusing on the blockchain industry, and invested in a series of blockchain companies and digital assets funds including BitFund. Mr. Huang received an EMBA degree from Guanghua School of Management of Peking University.
Xiaolai Li |  | Director. Mr. Li has served as a director of our company since August 30, 2021. Mr. Li is the founding partner of INBlockchain Inc., a venture capital company based in Beijing, China with a focus on blockchain assets. He has invested in numerous early-stage blockchain projects, including Invictus Capital, Sia, ZCash, Steemit, EOS.io, and MoibileCoin. Mr. Li has managed multiple digital assets funds, including BitFund from 2013 to 2015. Mr. Li holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in accounting from Changchun University.
Cui Song |  | Director, Audit Committee Member, Compensation Committee Member, and Nominating Committee Member. Ms. Song is an experienced marketing professional and entrepreneur. She has previously held the position of Regional Manager for the Chongqing area at Peking University Resources Company in Beijing. Additionally, Ms. Song is a co-founder of the Chinese children’s amusement brand — Wonderland. Ms. Song is an alumna of Zhejiang University of Media and Communications, where she graduated with a Bachelor’s degree in Journalism and Communication.

Daqing Zhu |  | Director, Chairman of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee Member and Nominating Committee Member. Mr. Zhu has served as the president of Shaanxi Aisuo Consulting Co. Ltd., a company specializing in providing professional management and finance services, since 2014. In 2004, Mr. Zhu founded Shaanxi Xintianyou Auto Dealership Co. Ltd, a dealership of auto sales and services for various brands, including BYD Auto, and had served as its CEO and Chairman of the Board until 2014. In addition to founding and developing commercial businesses, Mr. Zhu had also worked in the public sector since the 1990s. His public administration experience includes working at various agencies and offices of the Shaanxi provincial government from 1990 to 2004. Earlier in his career, in the 1980’s, Mr. Zhu was a corporate banking officer at Industrial and Commercial Bank of China in Xi’an. As the corporate leader with responsibility for all aspects of business management, Mr. Zhu has executive level experience in financial management, internal control, marketing to individuals and small businesses, sales, customer care, operations, product management, electronic commerce, financial services, executive compensation, strategic planning, technology, and mergers and acquisitions.

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Lianfu Liu |  | Director, Chairman of Nominating Committee, Audit Committee Member and Compensation Committee Member. Mr. Liu has served as a director of our company since December 26, 2007. Mr. Liu has served as the Chairman of the China Green Food Association since 1998. From 1992 to 1998, Mr. Liu was a Director and Senior Engineer for the China Green Food Development Center. Prior to that, Mr. Liu was a Vice Director of the PRC Ministry of Agriculture. Mr. Liu graduated from Beijing Forestry University and studied soil conservation. We believe Mr. Liu’s experience in the agricultural industry in the PRC allows him to bring a unique perspective as an independent director of our company.

Jinjun Lu |  | Director, Chairman of Compensation Committee, Audit Committee Member and Nominating Committee Member. Mr. Lu is the co-founder of Shaanxi Jinfenghui Technology Co. Ltd (“Jinfenghui”) since he started in 2014. Drawing on years of entrepreneurial experience, Mr. Lu plans to grow Jinfenghui into one of the largest mobile terminal device manufacturers in northwestern China. At Jinfenghui, Mr. Lu oversees corporate growth plans, budgets capital expenditures, seeks investment funds, and designs marketing strategies for Jinfenghui products to penetrate target markets. Before founding Jinfenghui, in 1998 he founded Xinjiang Yongan Engineering Co. Ltd in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. Earlier in the 1990s, Mr. Lu began his entrepreneurship career as a distributor for Lining-branded garment products in Henan Province, which he grew into the largest wholesale venture for Lining in the region. As a founder of several enterprises and a seasoned entrepreneur, Mr. Lu not only has executive experience in strategic management, marketing and sales, and technology, but also brings his experience as a founder from different industries.

All directors of our company hold office until the next annual meeting of our shareholders or until their successors have been elected and qualified. The executive officers of our company are appointed by our board of directors and hold office until their death, resignation, or removal from office.

Family Relationships

There is no family relationship among any of our officers or directors

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers was involved in any legal proceedings during the last 10 years as described in Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K.

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all of our employees and officers, and the members of our Board of Directors, which was amended and restated in 2010. The Amended and Restated Code of Ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) is available on our website at www.cgagri.com. Printed copies are available upon request without charge. Any amendment to or waiver of the Code of Ethics will be disclosed on our website promptly following the date of such amendment or waiver.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee is responsible for: (i) overseeing the corporate accounting and financial reporting practices; (ii) recommending the selection of our independent registered public accounting firm; (iii) reviewing the extent of non-audit services to be performed by the auditors; and (iv) reviewing the disclosures made in our periodic financial reports. The members of the Audit Committee are currently Mr. Daqing Zhu, Mr. Jinjun Lu, Mr. Lianfu Liu, and Ms. Cui Song, each of whom is an independent director within the meaning of the rules of the NYSE and Rule 10A-3 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In addition, the Board has determined that Mr. Zhu qualifies as an Audit Committee Financial Expert under applicable SEC Rules. The Chairman of the Audit Committee is Mr. Zhu. The Audit Committee held six meetings during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. The Audit Committee carries out its responsibilities in accordance with the terms of its Audit Committee Charter, a copy of which was attached as Annex A to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for our 2010 Annual Meeting, filed with the SEC on October 28, 2010, and is also available on our website at www.cgagri.com.

Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee determines matters pertaining to the compensation of executive officers and other significant employees and administers our stock and incentive plans. The members of the Compensation Committee are Mr. Jinjun Lu, Mr. Lianfu Liu, Mr. Daqing Zhu and Ms. Cui Song. The Chairman of the Compensation Committee is Mr. Lu. The Compensation Committee held one meeting during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. Each of the members of the Compensation Committee is a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act, and an “outside director” within the meaning of Section 162(m) under the Internal Revenue Code. The Compensation Committee carries out its responsibilities pursuant to a written charter, a copy of which was attached as Annex C to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for our 2009 annual meeting, filed with the SEC on October 28, 2009, and is also available on our website at www.cgagri.com.

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Nominating Committee

The Nominating Committee identifies and nominates candidates to serve on our Board. The members of the Nominating Committee are Mr. Jinjun Lu, Mr. Lianfu Liu, Mr. Daqing Zhu and Ms. Cui Song. The Chairman of the Nominating Committee is Mr. Liu. The Nominating Committee held one meeting during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. A copy of our Nominating Committee Charter was attached as Annex B to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for our 2010 annual meeting, filed with the SEC on October 28, 2010, and is also available on our website at www.cgagri.com. See “Director Nominations” below for the procedures for the nomination of directors.

Board Leadership Structure and Board’s Role in the Oversight of Risk Management

Our Board believes it is important to select our Chairman and our Chief Executive Officer in the manner it considers in the best interests of our company at any given point in time. Due to Mr. Li and his family’s influence in the industry, our Board has determined that the most effective leadership structure for our company is for Mr. Li to serve as both our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Our Board benefits from the Chairman having direct knowledge of the operations of, and opportunities and challenges facing, our business on a regular and company-wide basis. Mr. Li’s combined role as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer fosters greater communication between the Board and management and provides unified leadership for carrying out our company’s strategic initiatives and business plans.

To counterbalance the potential for ineffective Board oversight, we have adopted a governance structure that includes: (i) a designated lead independent director; (ii) annual elections of directors by most votes cast at the annual meeting of shareholders; (iii) committees composed entirely of independent directors; and (iv) established corporate governance and ethics guidelines. Our Board appointed Mr. Daqing Zhu to serve as the Board’s lead independent director. The lead independent director acts as an intermediary between the Board and senior management. Among other things, the lead independent director is responsible for facilitating communication among directors and between the Board and the Chief Executive Officer, working with the Chief Executive Officer to provide an appropriate information flow to the Board, and chairing executive sessions of the independent directors. Executive sessions of our independent directors occur following regularly scheduled quarterly audit committee meetings, and at such other times as the independent directors deem appropriate. However, the Board recognizes that circumstances may change over time and as they do, changes to the leadership structure may be warranted.

The Board has an active role, directly and through its committees, in the oversight of our risk management efforts. The Board carries out this oversight role through several levels of review. The Board regularly reviews and discusses with members of management information regarding the management of risks inherent in the operations of our businesses and the implementation of our strategic plan, including our risk mitigation efforts.

In accordance with corporate governance standards of the NYSE, the Audit Committee charter assigns to that committee the responsibility to review our policies and practices with respect to risk assessment and risk management, including major financial risk exposures, and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures. Additionally, each of the Board’s committees also oversees the management of our risks that are under each committee’s areas of responsibility. For example, the Audit Committee oversees management of accounting, auditing, external reporting, internal controls, and cash investment risks. The Nominating Committee oversees our compliance policies, Code of Conduct, conflicts of interests, director independence and corporate governance policies. The Compensation Committee oversees risks arising from compensation practices and policies. In this manner, the Board can coordinate its risk oversight.

Director Nominations

The Nominating Committee recommends director candidates and will consider for such recommendation director candidates proposed by management, other directors and stockholders. All director candidates will be evaluated based on the criteria identified below, regardless of the identity of the individual or the entity or person who proposed the director candidate.

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The selection of director nominees includes consideration of factors deemed appropriate by the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee and the Board. We may engage a firm to assist in identifying, evaluating, and conducting due diligence on potential board nominees. Factors will include integrity, achievements, judgment, intelligence, personal character, any prior contact or relationship between a candidate and a current or former director or officer of our company, the interplay of the candidate’s relevant experience with the experience of other Board members, the willingness of the candidate to devote adequate time to Board duties and the likelihood that he or she will be willing and able to serve on the Board for a sustained period. The Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee will consider the candidate’s independence, as defined by the rules of the SEC and the NYSE. In connection with the selection, due consideration will be given to the Board’s overall balance of diversity of perspectives, backgrounds, and experiences. Experience, knowledge, and skills to be represented on the Board include, among other considerations, financial expertise (including an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of the SEC’s rules), financing experience, related industry experience, strategic planning, business development, and community leadership.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Overview

This section contains a discussion of the material elements of compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our principal executive officer, our principal financial officer, and our other executive officers whose total compensation exceeded $100,000 during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. Accordingly, our “Named Executive Officers” are Mr. Zhuoyu Li, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. Yongcheng Yang, our Chief Financial Officer.

Our Board established the Compensation Committee to assist with the analysis and determination of the compensation structure for our executive officers. Our Compensation Committee, consisting of three independent directors, reviews and approves, or in some cases recommends for the approval of the full Board, the annual compensation for our executive officers. Typically, management recommends to the Compensation Committee compensation package proposals based on prevailing compensation standards in our industry, which in turn reviews and approves such proposals. Our Compensation Committee may consult with the executive officers to form consensus on such packages. Our executive officers may discuss any disagreements and needed amendment to such proposals with our Compensation Committee before such proposals are finalized and approved by the Compensation Committee.

Compensation Objectives

Our compensation objectives are as follows:

| ● | We strive to provide competitive executive compensation programs that will help to attract highly qualified individual’s necessary for our continued growth. Once an executive is hired, our goal is to retain and motivate them to achieve higher levels of performance and be appropriately rewarded for that effort.
| ● | Compensation and benefits are competitive with the local labor markets in which we compete and focus also will be given to companies that operate in the agriculture, feed, and fertilizer industries. Peer companies will typically have annual revenues that are one-half to double that of us, for the purposes of compensation benchmarking.

| ● | We provide an executive compensation package consisting of base salary, incentives (short term & long term), and benefits that are consistent with similar positions at our recognized competitors. Each component addresses individual and company performance with a focus on long-term profitable growth and stockholder return, competitive conditions, and our overall financial performance.

| ● | All compensation programs are administered without regard to race, religion, national origin, color, sex, age, or disability, and adhere to all local laws and regulations.

Elements of Compensation

Base Salary

Our approach is to pay our executives a base salary that is competitive with those of other executive officers in similar positions and with similar responsibilities in our peer group of competitive companies. We believe that a competitive base salary is a necessary element of any compensation program that is designed to attract and retain talented and experienced executives. We also believe that attractive base salaries can motivate and reward executives for their overall performance.

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Stock-Based Awards under the Equity Incentive Plan

In addition to base salary, the other key component of executive compensation we provide to our Named Executive Officers is equity-based compensation. In October 2009, our Board adopted our 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2009 Equity Incentive Plan”, “2009 Incentive Plan”, or “2009 Plan”), which was approved by our shareholders at our annual shareholders meeting in December 2009. In August 2023, our Board adopted our 2023 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2023 Equity Incentive Plan”, “2023 Incentive Plan”, or “2023 Plan”), which is subject the approval by our shareholders at our annual shareholders meeting in November 2023. The 2009 Plan and 2023 Plan (collectively, the “Plans”, “Incentive Plans”, or “Equity Incentive Plans”) gives us the ability to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock and other stock-based awards to employees or consultants of our company or of any subsidiary of our company and to non-employee members of our advisory board or our Board or the board of directors of any of our subsidiaries. The Board and the Compensation Committee believe the ability to grant restricted stock, stock options and make other stock-based awards under the Plan is an important factor in attracting, stimulating and retaining qualified and distinguished personnel with proven ability and vision to serve as employees, officers, consultants or members of the Board or advisory board of our company and our subsidiaries, and to chart our course towards continued growth and financial success.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On August 9, 2012, the Board adopted the Company’s 2012 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which became effective as of such date. The Board adopted the Company’s Third Amended and Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Restated ESPP”) on May 15, 2015. The Restated ESPP reserved a total of 3,750,000 shares of Common Stock, including 1,250,000 shares of Common Stock that was increased the third time. Stockholder approval is not required with respect to the issuance under the ESPP pursuant to Sections 303A.08 or 312.03 of the NYSE Listed Company Manuel. The ESPP has been delegated to be administered by the Compensation Committee since October 19, 2012. Any employee of the Company or any parent (if any) and subsidiary corporation of the Company (the “Affiliate”), who is not a natural person resident in the United States, who has been in the employ of the Company or any Affiliate for such continuous period as required by the Board preceding the grant of rights under the ESPP is eligible to participate in the ESPP during the applicable offering period, subject to administrative rules established by the Compensation Committee.

The ESPP is implemented by sequential offerings, the commencement and duration of which are determined by the Compensation Committee. The purchase price at which each share of Common Stock may be acquired in an offering period upon the exercise of all or any portion of a purchase right are established by the Compensation Committee. However, the purchase price on each purchase date shall not be less than the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date.

Retirement or Pension Benefits

Currently, we do not provide any company sponsored retirement benefits to any employee, including the Named Executive Officers.

Deferred Compensation

We do not have any qualified or nonqualified deferred compensation plans.

Perquisites

Historically, we have provided our Named Executive Officers with minimal perquisites and other personal benefits that we believe are reasonable. We do not view perquisites as a significant component of compensation, but do believe they can be useful in attracting, motivating and retaining the executive talent for which we compete. We believe that these additional benefits assist our Named Executive Officers in performing their duties and provide time efficiencies for them. It is expected that our historical practices regarding perquisites will continue and will be subject to periodic review by our Board.

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Summary Compensation Table — Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

The following table sets forth information concerning cash and non-cash compensation we and/or Jinong paid to our principal executive officer and our other most highly paid executive officer (the “named executive officers”) for services rendered in all capacities during the noted periods. No other executive officers received total annual salary and bonus compensation more than $100,000 during each of the two fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-Equity |  |  | Nonqualified |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Incentive |  |  | Deferred |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Stock |  |  | Option |  |  | Plan |  |  | Compensation |  |  | All Other |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Salary |  |  | Bonus |  |  | Awards (1) |  |  | Awards |  |  | Compensation |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Compensation |  |  | Total |
Name and Principal Position |  | Year Ended |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |
Zhuoyu Li |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chief Executive |  | June 30, 2024 |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  | $ | 96,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 396,000 |
Officer, and Chairman of the Board |  | June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  | $ | 96,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 396,000 |
Yongcheng Yang |  | June 30, 2024 |  | $ | 180,000 |  |  | $ | 50,400 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 230,400 |
Chief Financial Officer |  | June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 180,000 |  |  | $ | 50,400 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 230,400 |

(1) | The amounts reported in this column reflect the fair value on the grant date of the restricted stock awards granted to our Named Executive Officers. These values are determined by multiplying the number of shares granted by the closing price of our common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the grant date. The dollar amounts do not necessarily reflect the dollar amounts of compensation realized or that may be realized by our Named Executive Officers.

The Company has not used a compensation consultant to determine or recommend the amount or form of executive or director compensation, but its management believes that its executive officer compensation package is comparable to similar businesses in our location of operations.

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Grants of Plan-Based Awards

There were no grants of Plan-Based Awards to Named Executive Officers during the year ended June 30, 2024.

Employment Agreements

Zhuoyu Li. Pursuant to an Employment agreement between the Company and Zhuoyu Li when he was appointed by the Board of Directors effective May 19, 2016, Mr. Li received an annual base salary of $100,000 and a bonus up to 40% for serving as the Company’s President. In addition, Mr. Li receives stock awards to be determined when the Company grants the awards to directors and officers under the Company’s 2009 Plan, as amended. The initial term of the employment agreement is one year, which is automatically extended for additional one-year terms unless either party provides written notice of termination sixty (60) days prior to the end of the prior term. On December 18, 2017, following the death of Tao Li, the Company’s Board of Directors appointed the Company’s President, Mr. Zhuoyu Li, as its new Chairman and CEO. For serving as the Company’s Chairman and CEO, Mr. Zhuoyu Li receives the same compensation of Mr. Tao Li. In total, Mr. Zhuoyu Li receives an annual base salary of $300,000 with a bonus of up to 40% and stock awards under the Company’s 2009 Plan.

Yongcheng Yang. Subsequent to the periods covered by this Report, on December 19, 2017, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement with Mr. Yongcheng Yang effective as of December 19, 2017. Pursuant to the terms of the Employment Agreement, Mr. Yang will serve as our Chief Financial Officer for a term of one year at an annual salary of $180,000. Mr. Yang is eligible for a yearly bonus at the discretion of our Board of Directors. The Employment Agreement will be automatically extended for additional one-year terms unless either party provides a written notice of termination sixty (60) days prior to the end of the prior term. Either party may terminate the Employment Agreement upon thirty (30) days written notice, or, at our discretion, we may terminate the Employment Agreement immediately and substitute thirty (30) days salary in lieu of written notice. In the event of a breach of the Employment Agreement by Mr. Yang, or in the event Mr. Yang is terminated for “cause” (as defined therein), the Employment Agreement may be terminated immediately without notice and without further payments.

Description of Plan Based Awards

The equity incentive awards reported in the above table entitled “Grants of Plan Based Awards” were granted under, and are subject to, the terms of our 2009 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended. The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee has authority to interpret the plan provisions and make all required determinations under the Plan.

With respect to all restricted stock grants disclosed herein, if we terminate the grantee’s employment or affiliation with us for any reason, all unvested portions of such restricted stock grants are forfeited. Any shares of restricted stock that do not vest for failure to meet the requisite performance targets will also be forfeited.

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With respect to all non-qualified stock option grants disclosed herein, if we terminate the grantee’s employment or affiliation with us for any reason, all unvested options are forfeited. If the grantee’s employment or affiliation with us is terminated voluntarily by the grantee or by us for cause, all vested options are also terminated. In the event we terminate the grantee’s employment or affiliation with us without cause, the grantee has the lesser of ninety (90) days or the remaining term of the option to exercise any vested options. If we terminate the grantee’s employment or affiliation with us due to death or disability, the grantee has the lesser of twelve (12) months or the remaining term of the option to exercise any vested options. In the case of non-qualified options subject to performance-based vesting, any options which do not vest for failure to meet the requisite performance targets will be forfeited.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End

The following table provides information on all restricted stock and stock option awards held by our Named Executive Officers as of June 30, 2024.

OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END

|  | Option Awards |  |  | Stock Awards |
|  | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) |  |  | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) |  |  | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options |  |  | Option Exercise Price |  |  | Option Expiration |  |  | Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested |  |  | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested |  |  | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested |  |  | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market Or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested |
Name |  | Exercisable |  |  | Unexercisable |  |  | (#) |  |  | ($) |  |  | Date |  |  | (#) |  |  | ($) |  |  | (#) |  |  | ($) |
Zhuoyu Li |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Yongcheng Yang |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |

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Option Exercises and Stock Vested During the Fiscal Year

OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR

|  | Option Awards |  |  | Stock Awards |
|  | Number of |  |  |  |  |  | Number of |  |  |  |
|  | Shares |  |  | Value |  |  | Shares |  |  | Value |
|  | Acquired |  |  | Realized |  |  | Acquired |  |  | Realized |
|  | on Exercise |  |  | on Exercise |  |  | on Vesting |  |  | on Vesting |
Name |  | (#) |  |  | ($) |  |  | (#) |  |  | ($) |
Zhuoyu Li |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Yongcheng Yang |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |

Director Compensation

The following table sets forth information concerning cash and non-cash compensation we paid to our directors during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

|  | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash |  |  | Stock Awards |  |  | Option Awards |  |  | Non-Equity Deferred Plan Compensation |  |  | Non- Qualified Incentive Compensation Earnings |  |  | Other Compensation |  |  | All Total |
Name |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |  |  | ($) |
Daqing Zhu |  | $ | 26,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 26,000 |
Lianfu Liu |  | $ | 26,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 26,000 |
Jinjun Lu |  | $ | 18,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 18,000 |
Cui Song |  | $ | 18,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 18,000 |
Jian Huang |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 300,000 |
Xiaolai Li |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 300,000 |

The directors will also be reimbursed for all their out-of-pocket expenses in traveling to and attending meetings of the Board and committees on which they serve.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

The members of the Compensation Committee during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 were Mr. Jinjun Lu, Mr. Daqing Zhu, Mr. Lianfu Liu and Ms. Cui Song. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024:

| ☐ | none of the members of the Compensation Committee was an officer (or former officer) or employee of our company or any of its subsidiaries;
| ☐ | none of the members of the Compensation Committee had a direct or indirect material interest in any transaction in which we were a participant and the amount involved exceeded $120,000;
| ☐ | none of our executive officers served on the compensation committee (or another board committee with similar functions or, if none, the entire board of directors) of another entity where one of that entity’s executive officers served on our Compensation Committee;
| ☐ | none of our executive officers was a director of another entity where one of that entity’s executive officers served on our Compensation Committee; and
| ☐ | none of our executive officers served on the compensation committee (or another board committee with similar functions or, if none, the entire board of directors) of another entity where one of that entity’s executive officers served as a director on our Board.

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Payments upon Termination or Change-in-Control

The following table reflects amounts payable to our Named Executive Officers (1) assuming their employment was terminated without cause on June 30, 2024, and (2) assuming a change in control on June 30, 2024.

|  | Termination |  |  |  |
|  | Without |  |  | Change in |
Name |  | Cause(1) |  |  | Control(2) |
Zhuoyu Li |  | $ | 25,000 |  |  |  | — |

(1) | Represents the payment made pursuant to contractual agreements with the Named Executive Officer as described below in this subsection.
(2) | Amounts in this column reflect the value of unvested restricted stock that would be accelerated upon a change of control. The amounts are calculated based on the closing market price of a share of our common stock on June 30, 2024, i.e., $2.02 per share, multiplied by the number of unvested shares.

Termination Clauses in Employment Agreements

Zhuoyu Li. Pursuant to the terms of Mr. Li’s employment agreement with Jinong, Jinong may terminate Mr. Li’s employment for any reason upon 30 days prior written notice, in which case no termination payment is due. Alternatively, Jinong may terminate his employment immediately upon the payment of one month’s salary. In the case of termination for cause as defined therein, we may terminate Mr. Li’s employment immediately without pay.

2009 and 2024 Plans Change in Control Provisions

In the event of a change in control of our company, and except as otherwise set forth in the applicable award agreement, all unvested portions of awards shall vest immediately. Awards, whether then vested, shall be continued, assumed, or have new rights as determined by our Compensation Committee or a committee of the Board designated to administer the Plan, and restrictions to which any shares of restricted stock or any other award granted prior to the change in control are subject shall not lapse. Awards shall, where appropriate at the discretion of the Committee, receive the same distribution of our common stock on such terms as determined by the Compensation Committee. Upon a change in control, the Committee may also provide for the purchase of any awards for an amount of cash per share of common stock issuable under the award equal to the excess of the highest price per share of our common stock paid in any transaction related to a change in control of our company over the exercise price of such award.

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Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholders Matters

The following table sets forth certain information as of October 15, 2024, the Record Date, with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock, the sole outstanding class of our voting securities, by (i) any person or group owning more than 5% of each class of voting securities, (ii) each director, (iii) each executive officer and (iv) all executive officers and directors as a group.

As of October 15, 2024, an aggregate of 14,793,538 shares of our common stock were outstanding.

Title of Class |  | Name and Address of Beneficial Owners(1) |  | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership |  |  | Percent of Class(2) |
|  | Greater Than 5% Stockholders |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stock |  | Zhibiao Pan |  |  | 3,403,999 | (3) |  |  | 23.01 | %
Common Stock |  | Jian Huang |  |  | 1,314,286 | (4) |  |  | 8.88 | %
Common Stock |  | Jiao Shen |  |  | 971,000 |  |  |  | 6.56 | %
Common Stock |  | Zhuiyu Li |  |  | 937,033 | (5) |  |  | 6.33 | %
|  | Directors and Executive Officers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stock |  | Zhuoyu Li Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board |  |  | 937,033 | (5) |  |  | 6.33 | %
Common Stock |  | Zhibiao Pan Co- Chief Executive Officer |  |  | 3,403,999 | (3) |  |  | 23.01 | %
Common Stock |  | Jian Huang Director |  |  | 1,314,286 | (4) |  |  | 8.88 | %
Common Stock |  | Xiaolai Li Director |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common Stock |  | Cui Song Director |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common Stock |  | Daqing Zhu Director |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common Stock |  | Jinjun Lu Director |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common Stock |  | Lianfu Liu Director |  |  | 10,083 |  |  |  | * |
|  | All executive officers and directors as a group |  |  | 5,665,401 |  |  |  | 38.22 | %

* | Represents a percentage that is less than 1%.

(1) | Unless otherwise stated, each beneficial owner has sole power to vote and dispose of the shares and the address of such person is c/o China Green Agriculture, Inc., 3rd Floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China 710065.

(2) | In determining the percent of common stock owned by the beneficial owners, (a) the numerator is the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by such owner, including shares the beneficial ownership of which may be acquired, within 60 days upon the exercise of the options, if any, held by the owner; and (b) the denominator is the sum of (i) the total 14,793,538 shares of common stock outstanding as of October 15, 2024, and (ii) the number of shares underlying the options, which such owner has the right to acquire upon the exercise of the options within 60 days (for those who have options), if any.
(3) | Held By Mr. Pan and his mother as sole trustees for Django Creek Trust.
(4) | Held By Mr. Huang and his mother as sole trustees for Golden Peak Trust.

(5) | Includes 880,442 shares that Mr. Zhuoyu Li inherited from the estate of his parents.

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Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

On October 27, 2009, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) adopted the Company’s 2009 Plan. On December 11, 2009, our stockholders approved the 2009 Plan. The Incentive Plan gives us the ability to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock and other stock-based awards to our employees, consultants and to non-employee members of our advisory board or our Board or the board of directors of any of our subsidiaries. On October 3, 2012, October 25, 2013, and May 15, 2015, our Board approved the amendment to increase the shares covered by the 2009 Plan by three million shares. On April 23, 2019, our Board approved the fourth amendment to increase the shares covered by the 2009 Plan by 3.9 million shares and an extension of the Plan for an additional ten years. All four amendments were approved by our stockholders on the annual meetings held on December 15, 2012, December 22, 2013, June 30, 2015, and June 22, 2019, respectively.

On August 10, 2023, the Board adopted the Company’s 2023 Plan. On November 7, 2023, our stockholders approved the 2023 Plan.

As of October 15, 2024, there were no outstanding options to purchase any shares of common stock granted under the Plans. Options granted in the future under the Plans are within the discretion of our Board or our compensation committee. The following table summarizes the number of shares of our common stock authorized for issuance under the Plans as of October 15, 2024.

|  | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights |  |  | Weighted- average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights |  |  | Number of Securities Remaining available for Future Issuance Under Equity compensation Plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) |
Plan category |  | (a) |  |  | (b) |  |  | (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 2,759,011 |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 2,759,011 |

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, the amount due to related parties was $5,511,053 and $5,439,209, respectively. As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, $962,500 and $964,600, respectively were amounts that Gufeng borrowed from a related party, Xi’an TechTeam Science & Technology Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., a company controlled by Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, representing unsecured, non-interest-bearing loans that are due on demand. These loans are not subject to written agreements. As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, $2,336,693 and $2,261,693, respectively were advances from Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company. The advances were unsecured and non-interest-bearing.

On July 1, 2022, Jinong renewed the office rental agreement with Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”), of which Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, served as Chairman. Pursuant to the rental agreement, Jinong rented 612 square meters (approximately 6,588 square feet) of office space from Kingtone Information. The rental agreement provides for a two-year term effective as of July 1, 2022 with monthly rent of RMB28,000 (approximately $3,850).

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Procedures for Approval of Related Party Transactions

In November 2010, we adopted a written Related Party Transactions Policy (the “Policy”). According to the Policy, a “Related Party Transaction” is a transaction, arrangement or relationship (or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships) in which we (including any of our subsidiaries) are, were or will be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any related party had, has or will have a direct or indirect “material” interest. The Policy’s definition of a “Related Party” is in line with the definition set forth in the instructions to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC.

Under the Policy, our Chief Financial Officer is responsible for determining whether a proposed transaction, as submitted by a Related Party is a Related Party Transaction that requires the consideration and discussion of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is responsible for evaluating and assessing a proposed transaction based on the facts and circumstances including those listed in the Policy, including comparing the terms of the proposed transaction and the terms available to unrelated third parties or to employees generally. The Policy states that the Audit Committee shall approve only those Related Party Transactions that are in, or are not inconsistent with, the best interests of our company and our stockholders. No member of the Audit Committee shall participate in any review, consideration, or approval of any Related Party Transaction in which he or she or any immediate family member directly or indirectly is involved.

If we become aware of a Related Party Transaction that has not been previously approved under the Policy, such transaction will be presented to the Audit Committee. A Related Party Transaction entered without pre-approval of the Audit Committee shall not be deemed to violate the Policy, or be invalid or unenforceable, so long as the transaction is brought to the Audit Committee as promptly as reasonably practical after it is entered and is subsequently ratified by the Audit Committee.

Communications with the Board

Interested parties may communicate with any of our directors, our Board as a group, our independent directors as a group or any committees of the Board by sending an e-mail to the Board of Directors, at nonmgtdirectors@cgagri.com and indicating the intended recipient in the subject line, or by writing to Board of Directors, China Green Agriculture, Inc., 3rd Floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China 710065. The Board has given secretary to the Board of Directors the discretion to distribute communications to the director or directors, after ascertaining whether the communications are appropriate to the duties and responsibilities of the Board. Communications that relate to ordinary business matters that are not within the scope of the Board’s responsibilities will be forwarded to the appropriate employee within our company. Solicitations, junk email and obviously frivolous or inappropriate communications will not be forwarded. You will receive a written acknowledgement from the Secretary to the Board upon receipt of your communication.

Independence of the Board of Directors

Our Board is currently composed of seven (7) members. Jinjun Lu, Daqing Zhu, Lianfu Liu and Cui Song qualify as independent directors in accordance with the published listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). The NYSE independence definition includes a series of objective tests, such as that the director is not, and has not been for at least three years, one of our employees and that neither the director nor any of his or her family members has engaged in various types of business dealings with us. In addition, as further required by NYSE rules, our Board has made an affirmative determination as to each independent director that no relationships exist which, in the opinion of our Board, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. In making these determinations, our directors reviewed and discussed information provided by the directors and us regarding each director’s business and personal activities as they may relate to us and our management. Our directors hold office until their successors have been elected and qualified or their earlier death, resignation or removal.

Board Meetings

The Board held seven meetings, by telephone, in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. In addition, the Board unanimously approved three written consents on matters between meetings. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, each incumbent director attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board and applicable committee meetings (held during the period for which he or she was a director) on which he or she served. We do not have a formal policy regarding attendance by members of the Board at the annual meeting of stockholders, but we encourage all members of the Board to attend the meetings.

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Promoters and Certain Control Persons

We did not have any promoters at any time during the past five fiscal years.

Except as set forth in our discussion above, none of our directors or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The following are the fees billed to us by our auditors during fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:

|  | Years Ended |
|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Audit Fees |  | $ | 270,000 |  |  | $ | 200,000 |
Audit related fees |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Tax fees |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
All Other Fees |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total |  | $ | 270,000 |  |  | $ | 200,000 |

Audit Fees

On August 16, 2023, the Company dismissed SS Accounting & Auditing, Inc as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company. On August 16, 2023, the Company engaged GAO CPA Firm as its independent registered public accounting firm for the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. The aggregate fees billed by GAO CPA Firm for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements included in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, for the reviews of the financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, for our Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 compliance audit, and for services regarding statutory and regulatory filings or engagements were $200,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

The aggregate fees billed by GAO CPA Firm for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements included in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, for the reviews of the financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, for our Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 compliance audit, and for services regarding statutory and regulatory filings or engagements were $270,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

Audit-Related Fees

The aggregate fees billed by our principal accountants for audit-related services was $0 for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Tax Fees

We did not engage our principal accountants to provide tax or related services during the last two fiscal years.

All Other Fees

We did not engage our principal accountants to render services to us during the last two fiscal years, other than as reported above.

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, all audit and non-audit services performed by our auditors must be approved in advance by our Audit Committee to assure that such services do not impair the auditors’ independence from us. In accordance with its policies and procedures, the Audit Committee pre-approved the audit service performed by GAO CPA Firm for our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended June 30, 2024.

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PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a) | The following documents are filed as part of this report:

(1) | Financial Statements

The following financial statements of China Green Agriculture, Inc. and Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are presented in the “F” pages of this Report:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 and 2023 | F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss for the Years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 | F-4
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 | F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 | F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | F-7

(2) | Financial Schedules

None.

Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes hereto.

(3) | Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Report.

(b) | Exhibits

See the Exhibit Index following the signature page of this report, which Index is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

Not applicable

71

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| China Green Agriculture, Inc.
Date: October 15, 2024 | By: | /s/ Zhuoyu Li
|  | Zhuoyu Li, CEO

Date: October 15, 2024 | By: | /s/ Zhibiao Pan
|  | Zhibiao Pan, Co-CEO

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

October 15, 2024 | /s/ Zhuoyu Li
| Zhuoyu Li, Chairman of the Board of Directors and CEO (principal executive officer)
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Yongcheng Yang
| Yongcheng Yang, Chief Financial Officer
| (principal financial officer and
| principal accounting officer)
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Cui Song
| Cui Song, Director
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Jian Huang
| Jian Huang, Director
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Xiaolai Li
| Xiaolai Li, Director
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Lianfu Liu
| Lianfu Liu, Director
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Daqing Zhu
| Daqing Zhu, Director
October 15, 2024 | /s/ Jinjun Lu
| Jinjun Lu, Director

72

China Green Agriculture, Inc.

Exhibit Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K

For the Year Ended June 30, 2024

3.1 | Articles of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2007, Exhibit 3.1).
3.2 | Certificate of Change filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on December 18, 2007 (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 2, 2008, Exhibit 4.2).
3.3 | Certificate of Correction (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008, Exhibit 4.1).
3.4 | Articles of Merger (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 5, 2008, Exhibit 3.1).
3.5 | Bylaws (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2007, Exhibit 3.2).
3.6 | Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 17, 2011, Exhibit 3.1).
3.7 | Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 25, 2022, Exhibit 3.1).
4.1 | Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on June 8, 2009, Exhibit 4.1).
4.2 | Form Convertible Note issued by Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
4.3 | Description of Registrant’s Securities
10.3 | Share Transfer Agreement, dated July 1, 2010, by and between Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd., Qing Xin Jiang and Qiong Jia (Incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 7, 2010).
10.4 | Supplementary Agreement, dated July 1, 2010, by and between Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd., Qing Xin Jiang and Qiong Jia (Incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 7, 2010).
10.6 | Form of Non-Competition Agreement by and between Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd. and its two major former shareholders. (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 12, 2011).
10.7 | Form of Restricted Stock Grant Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 11, 2010).
10.8 | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8- K filed with the SEC on January 11, 2010).
10.10 | Offer Letter dated March 28, 2011 between China Green Agriculture, Inc. and Lianfu Liu. (Incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 10, 2011).
10.11 | Offer Letter dated October 25, 2011 between China Green Agriculture, Inc. and Yiru Shi (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 13, 2012).
10.13 | Entrusted Management Agreement dated June 16, 2013 among Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd., and Ms. Chen Lixiang (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 17, 2015).
10.14 | Exclusive Product Supply Agreement dated June 16, 2013 between Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Science & Technology Co., Ltd. and Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 17, 2015).
10.15 | Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreement dated June 16, 2013 between Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd., and Ms. Chen Lixiang (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 17, 2015).
10.16 | Option Agreement dated June 16, 2013 among Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd., and Ms. Chen Lixiang (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 17, 2015).

73

10.17 | Equity Pledge Agreement dated June 16, 2013 between Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd., and Ms. Chen Lixiang (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 17, 2015).
10.18 | Form Entrust Management Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.19 | Form Exclusive Option Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.20 | Form Exclusive Product Supply Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.21 | Form Non-Competition Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.22 | Form Pledge of Equity Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.23 | Form Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.24 | Form Strategic Acquisition Contract (Incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2016).
10.25 | Employment Agreement between the Company and Mr. Zhibiao Pan (incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 23, 2022, Exhibit 10.1).
14.1 | Amended and Restated Code of Ethics. (Incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 12, 2010)
21.1* | List of Subsidiaries of the Company.
31.1* | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2* | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.3* | Certification of Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1+ | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2+ | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.3+ | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
97.1* | Clawback Policy.
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* | Filed herewith

+ | In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2 are being furnished and not filed.

74

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of China Green Agriculture, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of China Green Agriculture Inc., and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for two years in the period ended June 30, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern

The Company’s financial statements are prepared using the generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern. As described in Note 3 to the financial statements, The Company has incurred operating losses and has negative operating cash flows in the fiscal year 2024. These factors, among others, raise reasonable doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 2 in the accompanying the financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for Bitcoin to fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income, effective as of July 1, 2023 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets (“ASU 2023-08”).

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements, and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Bitcoin Mining Revenue Recognition

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company started mining Bitcoin in March 2023. Mining Bitcoin entails creating new Bitcoin by using mining equipment and systems to solve complicated math problems that verify transactions in the currency in order to receive Bitcoin.

We identified the auditing of Bitcoin mining revenue as a critical audit matter due to the nature of cryptocurrency and extent of audit effort required to perform audit procedures over the completeness, accuracy and occurrence of Bitcoin mining revenue recognized. For the years ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, Bitcoin Mining Revenue was $1,285,181, and $210,342, respectively.

F-1

How the Critical Audit Matter was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the Company’s process for recording Bitcoin mining revenue included the following, among others:

| ● | We performed site visits at the Company’s facilities where the mining hardware is located, which included observations of the physical controls and mining equipment inventory.

| ● | We evaluated the reasonableness of the prices utilized by the Company to value Bitcoin by obtaining independent Bitcoin prices and comparing those to the prices selected by the Company

| ● | We tested the effectiveness of controls over the Company’s mining revenue calculation.

| ● | We performed certain analytical procedures over the completeness and accuracy of revenue recognized by the Company.

| ● | We confirmed the year-end digital asset balances directly with the custodians of the Company’s wallets.

Intangible Assets Impairment Assessment

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company has intangible assets with amount of $13,313,157 as of June 30, 2024. These intangible assets include Land Use Rights and Trademarks. The Company performed the impairment assessment of these Intangible assets subject to amortization on its elected assessment date of June 30, 2024, by assessing the recoverability and whether the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. The determination of the fair value requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reporting unit’s expected future cash flows. These estimates and assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to, market multiples, the discount rate, operating income before depreciation and amortization, cashflows and capital expenditures forecasts for next five years.

We identified the impairment testing of these intangible assets subject to amortization as a critical audit matter because of significant estimates and assumptions made by the management for the assessment.

How the Critical Audit Matter was Addressed in the Audit

| ● | We tested if the management meet the timing requirement of the impairment test

| ● | We collected both external and internal source of information to evaluate if there is any significant negative change

| ● | We tested management’s process for developing the fair value of the intangible assets subject to amortization.

| ● | We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues by comparing actual results to management’s forecast.

| ● | We evaluated the reasonableness of the qualitative adjustments for factors such as Company-specific risks, changes in current economic conditions that may not be captured in the quantitatively derived results, and other relevant factors.

| ● | We tested the mathematical accuracy of the model used by management.

| ● | We evaluated the reasonableness and consistency of the selected valuation methodology and assumptions utilized by the Company.

| ● | We tested the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the fair value estimate.

| ● | We evaluated the significant assumptions provided by management including discount rate by considering (i) current and past performance of the entity; (ii) their consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.

/s/ GAO CPA FIRM

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2023

Frisco, Texas

October 15, 2024

PCAOB Firm ID: 6437

F-2

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of June 30, 2024, and 2023

|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 58,772,587 |  |  | $ | 71,142,188 |
Digital assets |  |  | 53,693 |  |  |  | 210,342 |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | 16,493,068 |  |  |  | 16,455,734 |
Inventories, net |  |  | 37,826,456 |  |  |  | 46,455,131 |
Advances to suppliers, net |  |  | 12,110,034 |  |  |  | 14,332,715 |
Other current assets |  |  | 2,430,052 |  |  |  | 2,631,049 |
Total current assets |  |  | 127,685,890 |  |  |  | 151,227,159 |
Non-current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Plant, property and equipment, net |  |  | 14,021,292 |  |  |  | 16,690,245 |
Intangible assets, net |  |  | 13,313,157 |  |  |  | 13,563,635 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | 8,226,344 |  |  |  | 5,200,325 |
Total non-current assets |  |  | 35,560,793 |  |  |  | 35,454,205 |
Total assets |  | $ | 163,246,683 |  |  | $ | 186,681,364 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREEHOLDER’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 1,685,725 |  |  | $ | 2,100,449 |
Customer deposits |  |  | 4,937,207 |  |  |  | 5,489,781 |
Accrued expenses and other payables |  |  | 14,909,843 |  |  |  | 14,929,427 |
Amount due to related parties |  |  | 5,511,053 |  |  |  | 5,439,209 |
Taxes payable |  |  | 26,781,175 |  |  |  | 27,070,961 |
Short term loans |  |  | 7,466,250 |  |  |  | 5,346,640 |
Total Current liabilities |  |  | 61,291,253 |  |  |  | 60,376,467 |
Long-term loans |  |  | 1,856,250 |  |  |  | 937,040 |
Total non-current liabilities |  |  | 1,856,250 |  |  |  | 937,040 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 63,147,503 |  |  | $ | 61,313,507 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred Stock, $.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Common stock, $.001 par value, 115,197,165 shares authorized, 14,793,538 and 13,380,914 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively |  |  | 14,794 |  |  |  | 13,381 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 244,825,844 |  |  |  | 242,090,576 |
Statutory reserve |  |  | 26,728,079 |  |  |  | 26,728,079 |
Retained earnings |  |  | (144,919,001 | ) |  |  | (116,513,686 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (26,550,536 | ) |  |  | (26,950,493 | )
Total Shareholders’ Equity |  |  | 100,099,180 |  |  |  | 125,367,857 |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  | $ | 163,246,683 |  |  | $ | 186,681,364 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-3

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024 AND 2023

|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Sales |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | 32,954,490 |  |  | $ | 40,247,303 |
Gufeng |  |  | 52,189,666 |  |  |  | 74,028,542 |
Yuxing |  |  | 9,416,451 |  |  |  | 9,654,168 |
Antaeus |  |  | 1,285,181 |  |  |  | 210,342 |
Net sales |  |  | 95,845,788 |  |  |  | 124,140,355 |
Cost of goods sold |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  |  | 21,778,141 |  |  |  | 28,942,247 |
Gufeng |  |  | 45,600,383 |  |  |  | 65,143,060 |
Yuxing |  |  | 7,816,566 |  |  |  | 7,981,531 |
Antaeus |  |  | 928,718 |  |  |  | 155,224 |
Cost of goods sold |  |  | 76,123,808 |  |  |  | 102,222,062 |
Gross profit |  |  | 19,721,980 |  |  |  | 21,918,293 |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling expenses |  |  | 7,790,881 |  |  |  | 8,334,453 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 40,779,553 |  |  |  | 27,197,200 |
Change in fair value of Bitcoin |  |  | 2,701 |  |  |  | - |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 48,573,135 |  |  |  | 35,531,653 |
Loss from operations |  |  | (28,851,155 | ) |  |  | (13,613,360 | )
Other income (expense) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense) |  |  | 132,974 |  |  |  | 271,111 |
Interest income |  |  | 194,401 |  |  |  | 258,248 |
Interest expense |  |  | (292,186 | ) |  |  | (295,804 | )
Total other income (expense) |  |  | 35,189 |  |  |  | 233,555 |
Loss before income taxes |  |  | (28,815,966 | ) |  |  | (13,379,805 | )
Provision for income taxes |  |  | (410,651 | ) |  |  | (97,820 | )
Net loss |  | $ | (28,405,315 | ) |  | $ | (13,281,985 | )
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation loss |  |  | 399,957 |  |  |  | (13,536,051 | )
Comprehensive loss |  | $ | (28,005,358 | ) |  | $ | (26,818,036 | )
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 13,936,757 |  |  |  | 13,248,684 |
Basic net loss per share |  | $ | (2.04 | ) |  | $ | (1.00 | )
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 13,936,757 |  |  |  | 13,248,684 |
Diluted net loss per share |  | $ | (2.04 | ) |  | $ | (1.00 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024 AND 2023

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |  | Total |
|  | Number Of |  |  | Common |  |  | Paid In |  |  | Statutory |  |  | Retained |  |  | Comprehensive |  |  | Stockholders’ |
|  | Shares |  |  | Stock |  |  | Capital |  |  | Reserve |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Loss |  |  | Equity |
BALANCE, June 30, 2023 |  |  | 13,380,914 |  |  | $ | 13,381 |  |  | $ | 242,090,576 |  |  | $ | 26,728,079 |  |  | $ | (116,513,686 | ) |  | $ | (26,950,493 | ) |  | $ | 125,367,857 |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (28,405,315 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (28,405,315 | )
Issuance of stock |  |  | 973,515 |  |  |  | 974 |  |  |  | 1,848,707 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,849,681 |
Issuance of stock for convertible notes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | - |
Issuance of stock for consulting services |  |  | 439,109 |  |  |  | 439 |  |  |  | 886,561 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 887,000 |
Transfer to statutory reserve |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | - |
Other comprehensive Loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 399,957 |  |  |  | 399,957 |
BALANCE, June 30, 2024 |  |  | 14,793,538 |  |  | $ | 14,794 |  |  | $ | 244,825,844 |  |  | $ | 26,728,079 |  |  | $ | (144,919,001 | ) |  | $ | (26,550,536 | ) |  | $ | 100,099,180 |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |  | Total |
|  | Number Of |  |  | Common |  |  | Paid In |  |  | Statutory |  |  | Retained |  |  | Comprehensive |  |  | Stockholders’ |
|  | Shares |  |  | Stock |  |  | Capital |  |  | Reserve |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Loss |  |  | Equity |
BALANCE, JUNE 30, 2022 |  |  | 12,141,467 |  |  | $ | 12,141 |  |  | $ | 224,676,686 |  |  | $ | 26,870,968 |  |  | $ | (103,374,589 | ) |  | $ | (13,414,442 | ) |  | $ | 134,770,764 |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (13,281,985 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (13,281,985 | )
Issuance of stock |  |  | 1,117,142 |  |  |  | 1,117 |  |  |  | 16,756,013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16,757,130 |
Issuance of stock for convertible notes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | - |
Issuance of stock for consulting services |  |  | 122,305 |  |  |  | 122 |  |  |  | 657,878 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 658,000 |
Transfer to statutory reserve |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (142,889 | ) |  |  | 142,889 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | - |
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (13,536,051 | ) |  |  | (13,536,051 | )
BALANCE, June 30, 2023 |  |  | 13,380,914 |  |  | $ | 13,381 |  |  | $ | 242,090,576 |  |  | $ | 26,728,079 |  |  | $ | (116,513,686 | ) |  | $ | (26,950,493 | ) |  | $ | 125,367,857 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED June 30, 2024 and 2023

|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | (28,405,315 | ) |  | $ | (13,281,985 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 2,721,154 |  |  |  | 2,403,150 |
Provision for losses on accounts receivable |  |  | 17,739,516 |  |  |  | 10,111,571 |
Inventories impairment |  |  | 13,539,221 |  |  |  | 8,758,775 |
Fixed assets impairment |  |  | 1,817,991 |  |  |  | - |
Change in fair value of Bitcoin |  |  | 2,701 |  |  |  | - |
Changes in operating assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Digital assets |  |  | 153,948 |  |  |  | (210,342 | )
Accounts receivable |  |  | (17,813,409 | ) |  |  | 447,487 |
Amount due from related parties |  |  | 27,560 |  |  |  | (16,176 | )
Other current assets |  |  | 169,821 |  |  |  | 525,285 |
Inventories |  |  | (4,926,296 | ) |  |  | (16,592,290 | )
Advances to suppliers |  |  | 2,216,094 |  |  |  | 4,991,682 |
Other assets |  |  | 1,831,922 |  |  |  | 1,935,491 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  | (410,651 | ) |  |  | (97,820 | )
Changes in operating liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  |  | (411,430 | ) |  |  | 536,882 |
Customer deposits |  |  | (546,035 | ) |  |  | (1,971,174 | )
Amount due to related parties Change in fair value of Bitcoin |  |  | (1,003 | ) |  |  | (9,971 | )
Tax payables |  |  | (296,952 | ) |  |  | (44,055 | )
Accrued expenses and other payables |  |  | 2,718,381 |  |  |  | 2,260,998 |
Interest payable |  |  | - |  |  |  | (737,630 | )
Net cash used in operating activities |  |  | (9,872,781 | ) |  |  | (990,122 | )
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of plant, property, and equipment |  |  | (1,662,763 | ) |  |  | (1,371,393 | )
Change in construction in process |  |  | 9,860 |  |  |  | - |
Long-term equity investment |  |  | (4,450,000 | ) |  |  | - |
Sales of discontinued operations |  |  | - |  |  |  | 898,673 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (6,102,903 | ) |  |  | (472,720 | )
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from the sale of common stock |  |  | - |  |  |  | 16,757,130 |
Proceeds from loans |  |  | 8,471,483 |  |  |  | 6,587,971 |
Repayment of loans |  |  | (5,388,419 | ) |  |  | (3,913,520 | )
Advance from related party |  |  | 191,000 |  |  |  | 340,000 |
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 3,274,064 |  |  |  | 19,771,581 |
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 332,020 |  |  |  | (4,936,854 | )
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (12,369,600 | ) |  |  | 13,371,885 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance |  |  | 71,142,188 |  |  |  | 57,770,303 |
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance |  | $ | 58,772,587 |  |  | $ | 71,142,188 |
Supplement disclosure of cash flow information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense paid |  | $ | 292,186 |  |  | $ | 295,804 |
Income taxes paid |  |  | 426,079 |  |  |  | 464,342 |
Supplement Non-Cash Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock issued to repay accrued expense |  | $ | 2,736,680 |  |  | $ | 658,000 |
Nonmonetary sales and purchases |  |  | 34,074,750 |  |  |  | 71,040,024 |

The consolidated statements of cash flows are presented with the combined cash flows from discontinued operations with cash flows from continuing operations within each cash flow statement category.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

China Green Agriculture, Inc. (the “Company”, “Parent Company” or “Green Nevada”), through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the research, development, production, distribution and sale of humic acid-based compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizers, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizers and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and the development, production, and distribution of agricultural products.

Unless the context indicates otherwise, as used in this Report, the following are the references herein of all the subsidiaries of the Company (i) Green Agriculture Holding Corporation (“Green New Jersey”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Nevada, incorporated in the State of New Jersey; (ii) Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (“Jinong”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green New Jersey organized under the laws of the PRC; (iii) Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Yuxing”), a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) in the in the PRC controlled by Jinong through a series of contractual agreements; (iv) Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jinong in the PRC (“Gufeng”), (v) Beijing Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Gufeng’s wholly-owned subsidiary in the PRC (“Tianjuyuan”), and (vi)Antaeus Tech, Inc. (“Antaeus”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Nevada incorporated in the State of Delaware.

On June 30, 2016 the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following six companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and would be deemed VIEs: Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd. (“Lishijie”), Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd. (“Jinyangguang”), Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd. (“Zhenbai”), Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (“Wangtian”), Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (“Xindeguo”), and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology co., Ltd. (“Xinyulei”). On January 1, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following two companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and would be deemed VIEs, Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (“Xiangrong”), and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd. (“Fengnong”).

On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai.

On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo, Xinyulei and Xiangrong.

On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.

On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.

On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.

On March 13, 2023, the Company established Antaeus Tech Inc. (“Antaeus”) in the State of Delaware. In April 2023, Antaeus started to purchase digital assets mining machines and to mine Bitcoin in West Texas.

On December 27, 2023, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Zhibiao Pan for the purchase by the Company from Zhibiao Pan of all of the outstanding stock of Lonestar Dream, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lonestar”). Zhibiao Pan serves as the Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and is the sole shareholder of Lonestar. The acquisition is currently ongoing.

F-7

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

The Company’s current corporate structure as of is set forth in the diagram below:

F-8

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 2 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principle of consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Green New Jersey, Jinong, Gufeng, Tianjuyuan, Yuxing and Antaeus. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Effective June 16, 2013, Yuxing was converted from being a wholly owned foreign enterprise 100% owned by Jinong to a domestic enterprise 100% owned one natural person, who is not affiliated to the Company (“Yuxing’s Owner”). Effective the same day, Yuxing’s Owner entered into a series of contractual agreements with Jinong pursuant to which Yuxing became a VIE associated with Jinong.

VIE assessment

A VIE is an entity (1) that has total equity at risk that is not sufficient to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other entities, (2) where the group of equity holders does not have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, or the obligation to absorb the entity’s expected losses or the right to receive the entity’s expected residual returns, or both, or (3) where the voting rights of some investors are not proportional to their obligations to absorb the expected losses of the entity, their rights to receive the expected residual returns of the entity, or both, and substantially all of the entity’s activities either involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor that has disproportionately few voting rights. In order to determine if an entity is considered a VIE, the Company first performs a qualitative analysis, which requires certain subjective decisions regarding its assessments, including, but not limited to, the design of the entity, the variability that the entity was designed to create and pass along to its interest holders, the rights of the parties, and the purpose of the arrangement. If the Company cannot conclude after a qualitative analysis whether an entity is a VIE, it performs a quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis considered the design of the entity, the risks that cause variability, the purpose for which the entity was created, and the variability that the entity was designed to pass along to its variable interest holders. When the primary beneficiary could not be identified through a qualitative analysis, we used internal cash flow models to compute and allocate expected losses or expected residual returns to each variable interest holder based upon the relative contractual rights and preferences of each interest holder in the VIE’s capital structure.

Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made. However, actual results and outcomes may differ from management’s estimates and assumptions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the implicit rate is typically not readily determinable in the Company’s lease agreements, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as of the lease commencement date to determine the present value of the lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is based on the Company’s specific rate of interest to borrow on a collateralized basis, over a similar term and in a similar economic environment as the lease. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet; the Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Additionally, the Company accounts for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for its identified asset classes. As of June 30, 2024, the Company does not have any material leases for the implementation of ASC 842.

F-9

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Cash and cash equivalents and concentration of cash

For statement of cash flows purposes, the Company considers all cash on hand and in banks, certificates of deposit with state owned banks in the PRC and banks in the United States, and other highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains large sums of cash in three major banks in China. The aggregate cash in such accounts and on hand as of June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $58,433,626 and $69,091,838, respectively. There is no insurance securing these deposits in China. In addition, the Company also had $338,961 and $2,050,350 in cash in three banks in the United States as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cash overdraft as of balance sheet date will be reflected as liabilities in the balance sheet. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risks on its cash in bank accounts.

Digital Assets

Digital assets are included in current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Digital assets are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets, and are initially measured in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350 – Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. The Company measures gains or losses on the disposition of digital assets in accordance with the first-in-first-out (“FIFO”) method of accounting.

Digital assets are not amortized, but are assessed for impairment annually, or more frequently, when events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. Whenever the exchange-traded price of digital assets declines below its carrying value, the Company has determined that an impairment exists and records an impairment equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value.

As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company held Bitcoin as digital assets with amount of $53,693 and $210,342, respectively. Bitcoin is classified on our balance sheet as a current asset due to the Company’s ability to sell it in a highly liquid marketplace and its intent to liquidate its Bitcoin to support operations when needed. As of June 30, 2024, the Company determined that there were no impairments of its digital assets.

Accounts receivable

Management regularly reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the collectability of accounts receivable at each year-end. Accounts considered uncollectible are provisioned for written off based upon management’s assessment. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company had accounts receivable of $16,493,068 and $16,455,734, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $22,741,696 and $54,708,486, respectively. The Company recorded bad debt expense in the amount of $17.7 million and $10.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, respectively. The Company adopts no policy to accept product returns post to the sales delivery.

Inventories

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (determined on a weighted average basis) or market. Inventories consist of raw materials, work in process, finished goods and packaging materials. The Company reviews its inventories regularly for possible obsolete goods and establishes reserves when determined necessary. The Company confirmed the loss of $13.5 million and $8.8 million of inventories for fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Gains or losses on disposals are reflected as gain or loss in the year of disposal. The cost of improvements that extend the life of plant, property, and equipment are capitalized. These capitalized costs may include structural improvements, equipment, and fixtures. All ordinary repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

F-10

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Depreciation for financial reporting purposes is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets:

|  | Estimated Useful Life
Building |  | 10-25 years
Agricultural assets |  | 8 years
Machinery and equipment |  | 5-15 years
Vehicles |  | 3-5 years
Mining machines |  | 5 years

Construction in Progress

Construction in progress represents the costs incurred relating to the construction of buildings or new additions to the Company’s plant facilities. Costs classified to construction in progress include all costs of obtaining the asset and bringing it to the location and condition necessary for its intended use. No depreciation is provided for construction in progress until the assets are completed and are placed into service. Interest incurred during construction is capitalized into construction in progress.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets. Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value. The Company confirmed the impairment of $1,817,991 and $0 of long-lived assets for fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Intangible Assets

The Company records intangible assets acquired individually or as part of a group at fair value. Intangible assets with definitive lives are amortized over the useful life of the intangible asset, which is the period over which the asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the entity’s future cash flows. The Company evaluates intangible assets for impairment at least annually and more often whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value. The Company has not recorded impairment of intangible assets as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures

Our accounting for Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures, defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This topic also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires classification based on observable and unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and an entity’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:

| Level one | — | Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
| Level two | — | Inputs other than level one inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and
| Level three | — | Unobservable inputs developed using estimates and assumptions, which are developed by the reporting entity and reflect those assumptions that a market participant would use.

F-11

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter.

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these instruments.

Revenue recognition

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606. ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company has assessed the impact of the guidance by performing the following five steps analysis:

| Step 1: | Identify the contract
| Step 2: | Identify the performance obligations
| Step 3: | Determine the transaction price
| Step 4: | Allocate the transaction price
| Step 5: | Recognize revenue

Based on the assessment, the Company concluded that there was no change to the timing and pattern of revenue recognition for its current revenue streams in scope of Topic 606 and therefore there were no material changes to the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption of ASC 606.

Sales revenue is recognized on the date of shipment to customers when a formal arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, the delivery is completed, no other significant obligations of the Company exist, and collectability is reasonably assured.

The Company’s revenue consists of invoiced value of goods, net of a value-added tax (VAT). No product return or sales discount allowance are made as products delivered and accepted by customers are not returnable and sales discounts are not granted after products are delivered.

Customer deposits

Payments received before all the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as customer deposits. When all revenue recognition criteria are met, the customer deposits are recognized as revenue. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company had customer deposits of $4,937,207 and $5,489,781, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

The costs of all employee stock option, as well as other equity-based compensation arrangements, are reflected in the consolidated financial statements based on the estimated fair value of the awards on the grant date. That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). Stock compensation for stock granted to non-employees is determined as the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measured.

Income taxes

We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 740, “Income Taxes.” The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous. As such, we are required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding our income tax exposures. Interpretations of, and guidance surrounding, income tax laws and regulations change over time. Changes in our subjective assumptions and judgments can materially affect amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and statements of income. See Note 11, “Taxes Payable,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail on our uncertain tax positions and further information regarding ASC 740.

F-12

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Foreign currency translation

The reporting currency of the Company is the US dollar. The functional currency of the Company and Green New Jersey is the US dollar. The functional currency of the Chinese subsidiaries is the Chinese Yuan or Renminbi (“RMB”). For the subsidiaries whose functional currencies are other than the US dollar, all asset and liability accounts were translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date; stockholders’ equity is translated at the historical rates and items in the income statement and cash flow statements are translated at the average rate in each applicable period. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the statement of shareholders’ equity. The resulting translation gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency is included in the results of operations as incurred.

Segment reporting

The Company utilizes the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other way management disaggregates a company.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company, through its subsidiaries is engaged into four main business segments based on location and product: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), Yuxing (agricultural products production), and Antaeus (Bitcoin). As of June 30, 2024, the Company maintained four main business segments.

Fair values of financial instruments

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized based on whether the inputs are observable in the market and the degree that the inputs are observable. The categorization of financial assets and liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, advances to suppliers, accounts payable, other payables, tax payable, and related party advances and borrowings.

As of the balance sheet dates, the estimated fair values of the financial instruments were not materially different from their carrying values as presented on the balance sheets. This is attributed to the short maturities of the instruments and that interest rates on the borrowings approximate those that would have been available for loans of similar remaining maturity and risk profile at respective balance sheet dates.

Statement of cash flows

The Company’s cash flows from operations are calculated based on the local currencies. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows may not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options and stock awards.

The components of basic and diluted earnings per share consist of the following:

|  | Years Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Loss for Basic Earnings Per Share |  | $ | (28,405,315 | ) |  | $ | (13,281,985 | )
Basic Weighted Average Number of Shares |  |  | 13,936,757 |  |  |  | 13,248,684 |
Net loss Per Share – Basic |  | $ | (2.04 | ) |  | $ | (1.00 | )
Loss for Diluted Earnings Per Share |  | $ | (28,405,315 | ) |  | $ | (13,281,985 | )
Diluted Weighted Average Number of Shares |  |  | 13,936,757 |  |  |  | 13,248,684 |
Net loss Per Share – Diluted |  | $ | (2.04 | ) |  | $ | (1.00 | )

F-13

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Reclassification

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year consolidated financial statements to conform to the 2024 consolidated financial statement presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total revenues, operating income or net income or cash flows as previously reported.

Recent accounting pronouncements

The Company continually assesses any new accounting pronouncements to determine their applicability. When it is determined that a new accounting pronouncement affects the Company’s financial reporting, the Company undertakes a study to determine the consequences of the change to its Consolidated Financial Statements and assures that there are proper controls in place to ascertain that the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements properly reflect the change.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current GAAP. The ASU also removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception and simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023, although early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this new guidance on its financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-08, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets, which establishes accounting guidance for crypto assets meeting certain criteria. Bitcoin meets these criteria. The amendments require crypto assets meeting the criteria to be recognized at fair value with changes recognized in net income each reporting period. Upon adoption, a cumulative-effect adjustment is made to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption. ASU 2023-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the updated guidance to have a material impact on its disclosures.

NOTE 3 – GOING CERCERN

The Company’s financial statements are prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred operating losses and had negative operating cash flows in the fiscal year 2024 and may continue to incur operating losses and generate negative cash flows as the Company implements its future business plan. If the situation exists, there could be substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as going concern.

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern depends upon whether the Company can successfully execute its business strategies to recover from loss and eventually attain profitable operations.

The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as going concern.

F-14

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 4 – INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 8,127,043 |  |  | $ | 11,617,989 |
Supplies and packing materials |  | $ | 995,692 |  |  | $ | 410,904 |
Work in progress |  | $ | 170,345 |  |  | $ | 172,248 |
Finished goods |  | $ | 28,533,376 |  |  | $ | 34,253,990 |
Total |  | $ | 37,826,456 |  |  | $ | 46,455,131 |

During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company sold compound fertilizers (finished goods) to certain parties at market price and purchased equivalent amount of simple fertilizers (raw material) from the same parties also at market price. The simple fertilizers purchased, along with other materials were used in the Company’s production facility to manufacture compound fertilizers. While nonmonetary, the sales and purchase transactions were consummated independently under separate agreements at different times and measured at the prevailing market value. The total amount of nonmonetary sales and purchases amounted to $34,074,750 during the year ended June 30, 2024. No gain or loss incurred as the result of the nonmonetary transactions.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, total inventories decreased $8,628,675, or 18.6%, to $37,826,456 from $46,455,131 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

NOTE 5 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following for the continuing entities:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Building and improvements |  | $ | 36,999,854 |  |  | $ | 37,065,464 |
Auto |  |  | 2,711,245 |  |  |  | 2,716,931 |
Machinery and equipment |  |  | 18,713,182 |  |  |  | 18,608,254 |
Others |  |  | 1,502,600 |  |  |  | - |
Total property, plant and equipment |  |  | 59,926,881 |  |  |  | 58,390,649 |
Less: accumulated depreciation |  |  | (44,087,598 | ) |  |  | (41,700,404 | )
Less: Impairment |  |  | (1,817,991 | ) |  |  | - |
Total |  | $ | 14,021,292 |  |  | $ | 16,690,245 |

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, total depreciation expense for the continuing entities was $2,387,194, increased $215,097, or 9.9%, from $2,172,096 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

F-15

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 6 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND DIGITAL ASSETS

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Land use rights, net |  | $ | 7,624,558 |  |  | $ | 7,862,624 |
Trademarks |  |  | 5,688,599 |  |  |  | 5,701,011 |
Total |  | $ | 13,313,157 |  |  | $ | 13,563,635 |

LAND USE RIGHT

On September 25, 2009, Yuxing was granted a land use right for approximately 88 acres (353,000 square meters or 3.8 million square feet) by the People’s Government and Land & Resources Bureau of Hu County, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province. The fair value of the related intangible asset was determined to be the respective cost of RMB73,184,895 (or $10,062,923). The intangible asset is being amortized over the grant period of 50 years using the straight-line method.

On August 13, 2003, Tianjuyuan was granted a certificate of Land Use Right for a parcel of land of approximately 11 acres (42,726 square meters or 459,898 square feet) at Ping Gu District, Beijing. The purchase cost was recorded at RMB1,045,950 (or $143,818). The intangible asset is being amortized over the grant period of 50 years.

On August 16, 2001, Jinong received a land use right as a contribution from a shareholder, which was granted by the People’s Government and Land& Resources Bureau of Yangling District, Shaanxi Province. The fair value of the related intangible asset at the time of the contribution was determined to be RMB7,285,099 (or $1,001,701). The intangible asset is being amortized over the grant period of 50 years.

The Land Use Rights consisted of the following:

|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | Foreign Currency Adjustment |  |  | Amortization/ Subtraction |  |  | June 30, 2024 |
Land use rights |  | $ | 11,088,765 |  |  |  | (24,141 | ) |  |  | - |  |  | $ | 11,064,624 |
Less: accumulated amortization |  |  | (3,226,141 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (213,925 | ) |  |  | (3,440,066 | )
Total land use rights, net |  | $ | 7,862,624 |  |  |  | (24,141 | ) |  |  | (213,925 | ) |  | $ | 7,624,558 |

F-16

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

TRADEMARKS

On July 2, 2010, the Company acquired Gufeng and its wholly owned subsidiary Tianjuyuan. The preliminary fair value on the acquired trademarks and brand names was estimated to be RMB41,371,630 (or $5,688,599) and is subject to an annual impairment test.

|  | June 30, |  |  | Foreign Currency |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | Adjustment |  |  | 2024 |
Trademarks |  | $ | 5,752,592 |  |  |  | (12,524 | ) |  | $ | 5,740,068 |
Less: accumulated amortization |  |  | (51,581 | ) |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | (51,469 | )
Total trademarks, net |  | $ | 5,701,011 |  |  |  | (12,412 | ) |  | $ | 5,688,599 |

AMORTIZATION EXPENSE

Estimated amortization expenses of intangible assets for the next five twelve months periods ended June 30, are as follows:

Years Ending June 30, |  | Expense ($) |
2025 |  |  | 248,022 |
2026 |  |  | 236,419 |
2027 |  |  | 220,949 |
2028 |  |  | 220,949 |
2029 |  |  | 220,949 |

DIGITAL ASSETS

On March 13, 2023, the Company established Antaeus Tech Inc. (“Antaeus”) in the State of Delaware. In April 2023, Antaeus started to purchase digital assets mining machines and to mine Bitcoin in West Texas. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company held digital assets with amount of $53,693 and $210,342, respectively. The Company’s digital assets include Bitcoin only. Digital assets are classified on our balance sheet as current assets due to the Company’s ability to sell them in a highly liquid marketplace and its intent to liquidate its digital assets to support operations when needed.

The Company adopted ASU 2023-08, which requires entities to measure crypto assets at fair value with changes recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations each reporting period. The Company’s digital assets were within the scope of ASU 2023-08 and a cumulative-effect adjustment of $2,701 as of the ending of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was recorded for the difference between the carrying amount of the Company’s digital assets and fair value.

The following table presents the Company’s significant digital asset Bitcoin holdings as of June 30, 2024:

|  | Quantity |  |  | Cost Basis |  |  | Fair Value |
Bitcoin |  |  | 0.86 |  |  |  | 56,394 |  |  |  | 53,693 |
Total Bitcoin held as of June 30, 2024 |  |  | 0.86 |  |  | $ | 56,394 |  |  | $ | 53,693 |

The following table presents a roll-forward of total digital assets (including digital assets, restricted) for the year ended June 30, 2024, based on the fair value model under ASU 2023-08:

|  | Fair Value |
Beginning Balance: Digital assets at June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 210,342 |
Addition of digital assets, mining proceeds |  |  | 1,282,420 |
Addition of digital assets, other |  |  | 339,567 |
Disposition of digital assets |  |  | (1,825,770 | )
Realized gain (loss) on digital assets |  |  | 49,834 |
Unrealized gain (loss) on digital assets |  |  | (2,701 | )
Digital assets at June 30, 2024 |  | $ | 53,693 |

During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company acquired $1,282,420 of digital assets through mining activities and disposed of $1,825,770 digital assets through the sale of digital assets. During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company realized total gains on digital assets of $49,834.

F-17

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 7 – OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Other non-current assets mainly include advance payments related to rent the land use for the Company and long-term equity investment. As of June 30, 2024, the balance of other non-current assets was $8,226,344. Among them, $4,450,000 was long-term equity investment, and $3,267,874 was the rental fee advances for agriculture lands that the Company engaged in Shiquan County from 2026 to 2027.

In March 2017, Jinong entered into the rental agreement for approximately 3,400 mu, and 2600-hectare agriculture lands in Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province. The rental agreement was from April 2017 and was renewable for every ten-year period up to 2066. The aggregate rental fee was approximately RMB 13 million per annum, The Company had made 10-year advances of rental fee per rental terms. The Company has amortized $1.8 million as expenses for the year ended June 30, 2024 and $1.8 million as expenses for the year ended June 30, 2023.

Estimated amortization expenses of the rental advance payments herein for the next three twelve-month periods ended June 30 and thereafter are as follows:

Years ending June 30, |  |  |
2025 |  | $ | 1,845,938 |
2026 |  | $ | 1,845,938 |
2027 |  | $ | 1,421,936 |

NOTE 8 – ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER PAYABLES

Accrued expenses and other payables consisted of the following:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Payroll and welfare payable |  |  | 164,245 |  |  |  | 188,222 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 10,312,491 |  |  |  | 9,805,444 |
Other payables |  |  | 4,317,791 |  |  |  | 4,820,193 |
Other levy payable |  |  | 115,316 |  |  |  | 115,568 |
Total |  | $ | 14,909,843 |  |  | $ | 14,929,427 |

NOTE 9 – AMOUNT DUE TO RELATED PARTIES

At the end of December 2015, Yuxing entered into a sales agreement with the Company’s affiliate, 900LH.com Food Co., Ltd. (“900LH.com”, previously announced as Xi’an Gem Grain Co., Ltd) pursuant to which Yuxing is to supply various vegetables to 900LH.com for its incoming seasonal sales at the holidays and year ends (the “Sales Agreement”). The contingent contracted value of the Sales Agreement is RMB25,500,000 (approximately $3,506,250). During the year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, Yuxing didn not sold any sold any products to 900LH.com.

The amount due from 900LH.com to Yuxing was $0 and $27,560 as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, the amount due to related parties was $5,511,053 and $5,439,209, respectively. As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, $962,500 and $964,600, respectively were amounts that Gufeng borrowed from a related party, Xi’an TechTeam Science & Technology Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., a company controlled by Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, representing unsecured, non-interest-bearing loans that are due on demand. These loans are not subject to written agreements. As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, $2,336,693 and $2,261,693, respectively were advances from Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company. The advances were unsecured and non-interest-bearing.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company’s subsidiary, Jinong, owed 900LH.com. $0. As of June 30, 2023, the Company’s subsidiary, Jinong, owed 900LH.com. $995.

On July 1, 2022, Jinong renewed the office rental agreement with Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”), of which Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, served as Chairman. Pursuant to the rental agreement, Jinong rented 612 square meters (approximately 6,588 square feet) of office space from Kingtone Information. The rental agreement provides for a two-year term effective as of July 1, 2022 with monthly rent of RMB28,000 (approximately $3,850).

F-18

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 10 – LOAN PAYABLES

As of June 30, 2024, the short-term and long-term loan payables consisted of five loans which mature on dates ranging from August 19, 2022 through June 13, 2027 with interest rates ranging from 3.65% to 5.00%. No. 1 to 3 below are collateralized by Tianjuyuan’s land use right and building ownership right. Loan No. 2 is also guaranteed by the cash deposit. No. 4 to 5 below are collateralized by Jinong’s land use right and building ownership right. No. 6 below is collateralized by Yuxing’s land use right and building ownership right.

No. |  |  | Payee |  | Loan period per agreement |  |  | Interest Rate |  |  | June 30, 2024 |
1 |  |  | Beijing Bank -Pinggu Branch |  | June 28, 2024-June 27, 2025 |  |  |  | 3.95 | % |  |  | 1,237,500 |
2 |  |  | Huaxia Bank -HuaiRou Branch |  | June 28, 2024-June 28, 2025 |  |  |  | 3.65 | % |  |  | 1,375,000 |
3 |  |  | Pinggu New Village Bank |  | June 28, 2024-June 27, 2025 |  |  |  | 5.00 | % |  |  | 962,500 |
4 |  |  | Industrial Bank Co. Ltd |  | August 19, 2022-August 18, 2024 |  |  |  | 3.98 | % |  |  | 935,000 |
5 |  |  | Industrial Bank Co. Ltd |  | October 7, 2023-October 6, 2024 |  |  |  | 3.70 | % |  |  | 2,750,000 |
6 |  |  | Chang’An Bank |  | June 14, 2024-June 13, 2027 |  |  |  | 4.00 | % |  |  | 2,062,500 |
|  |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,322,500 |

The interest expense from short-term loans was $292,186 and $295,804 for the year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

NOTE 11 – TAXES PAYABLE

Enterprise Income Tax

Effective January 1, 2008, the Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) law of the PRC replaced the tax laws for Domestic Enterprises (“DEs”) and Foreign Invested Enterprises (“FIEs”). The EIT rate of 25% replaced the 33% rate that was applicable to both DEs and FIEs. The two-year tax exemption and three-year 50% tax reduction tax holiday for production oriented FIEs was eliminated. Since January 1, 2008, Jinong became subject to income tax in China at a rate of 15% as a high-tech company, because of the expiration of its tax exemption on December 31, 2007. Accordingly, it made 0 provision for income taxes for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

Value-Added Tax

All the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold in the PRC were subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of 9% of the gross sales price. On April 29, 2008, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice #56, “Exemption of VAT for Organic Fertilizer Products”, which allows certain fertilizer products to be exempt from VAT beginning June 1, 2008. The Company submitted the application for exemption in May 2009, which was granted effective September 1, 2009, continuing through December 31, 2015. On August 10, 2015 and August 28, 2015, the SAT released Notice #90. “Reinstatement of VAT for Fertilizer Products”, and Notice #97, “Supplementary Reinstatement of VAT for Fertilizer Products”, which restore the VAT of 13% of the gross sales price on certain fertilizer products includes non-organic fertilizer products starting from September 1, 2015, but granted taxpayers a reduced rate of 3% from September 1, 2015 through June 30, 2016.

On April 28, 2017, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice 2017 #37, “Notice on Policy of Reduced Value Added Tax Rate,” under which, effective July 1, 2017, all the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold in the PRC are subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of 11% of the gross sales price. The tax rate was reduced 2% from 13%.

On April 4, 2018, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice 2018 #32, “Notice on Adjustment of VAT Tax Rate,” under which, effective May 1, 2018, all the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold in the PRC are subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of 10% of the gross sales price. The tax rate was reduced 1% from 11%.

On March 20, 2019, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice 2019 #39, “Announcement on Policies Concerning Deepening the Reform of Value Added Tax,” under which, Effective April 1, 2019, all the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold in the PRC are subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of 9% of the gross sales price. The tax rate was reduced 1% from 10%.

F-19

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Income Taxes and Related Payables

Taxes payable consisted of the following:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
VAT provision |  | $ | (692,476 | ) |  | $ | (398,499 | )
Income tax payable |  |  | (2,127,759 | ) |  |  | (2,132,400 | )
Other levies |  |  | 590,875 |  |  |  | 591,325 |
Repatriation tax |  |  | 29,010,535 |  |  |  | 29,010,535 |
Total |  | $ | 26,781,175 |  |  | $ | 27,070,961 |

The provision for income taxes consists of the following:

|  | Years Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Current tax – foreign |  | $ | (410,651 | ) |  | $ | (97,820 | )
Total |  | $ | (410,651 | ) |  | $ | (97,820 | )

Significant components of deferred tax assets were as follows:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred Tax Benefit |  |  | 32,804,190 |  |  |  | 32,464,001 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (32,295,718 | ) |  |  | (32,366,181 | )
Total deferred tax assets |  | $ | 508,471 |  |  | $ | 97,820 |

The change in valuation allowance for the year ended June 30, 2024 was an increase of $70,463 which was mainly resulted from foreign exchange rates.

The Company periodically evaluates the likelihood of the realization of deferred tax assets and adjusts the carrying amount of the deferred tax assets by the valuation allowance to the extent the future realization of the deferred tax assets is not judged to be more likely than not. The Company considers many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of its deferred tax assets, including its recent cumulative earnings experience by taxing jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income or loss, the carry forward periods available to the Company for tax reporting purposes, and other relevant factors.

As of June 30, 2024, based on the weight of available evidence, including cumulative losses in recent years and expectations of future taxable income, the Company determined that it was more likely than not that its deferred tax assets would be realized with the total amount of $508,471.

U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and Provisional Estimates

On December 22, 2017, the TCJA was enacted into law, which significantly changes existing U.S. tax law and includes numerous provisions that affect our business, such as imposing a one-time transition tax on deemed repatriation of deferred foreign income, reducing the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, and adopting a territorial tax system. The TCJA required us to incur a one-time transition tax on deferred foreign income not previously subject to U.S. income tax at a rate of 15.5% for foreign cash and certain other net current assets, and 8% on the remaining income. The TCJA also reduced the U.S. federal statutory tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. For fiscal year 2018, our blended U.S. federal statutory tax rate is 27.5%. This is the result of using the tax rate of 34% for the first and second quarter of fiscal year 2018 and the reduced tax rate of 21% for the third and fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018. For fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024, our U.S. federal statutory tax rate is 21%.

F-20

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Tax Rate Reconciliation

Our effective tax rates were approximately 1.4% and 0.7% for years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Substantially all the Company’s income before income taxes and related tax expense are from PRC sources. Actual income tax benefit reported in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income differ from the amounts computed by applying the US statutory income tax rate of 21.0% and 21.0% to income before income taxes for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 for the following reasons:

June 30, 2024

|  | China 15% - 25% |  |  | United States 21% |  |  | Total |
Pretax loss |  | $ | (24,961,034 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3,854,932 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (28,815,966 | ) |  |  |  |
Expected income tax expense (benefit) |  |  | (6,240,258 | ) |  |  | 25.0 | % |  |  | (809,536 | ) |  |  | 21.0 | % |  |  | (7,049,794 | ) |  |  |  |
High-tech income benefits on Jinong |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  |  |
Loss from subsidiaries in which no benefit is recognized |  |  | 5,829,607 |  |  |  | (23.4 | )% |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,829,607 |  |  |  |  |
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax asset from US tax benefit |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 809,536 |  |  |  | (21.0 | )% |  |  | 809,536 |  |  |  |  |
Actual tax expense |  | $ | (410,651 | ) |  |  | 1.6 | % |  | $ | - |  |  |  |  | % |  | $ | (410,651 | ) |  |  | 1.4 | %

June 30, 2023

|  | China 15% - 25% |  |  | United States 21% |  |  | Total |
Pretax loss |  | $ | (10,207,846 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3,171,958 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (13,379,805 | ) |  |  |  |
Expected income tax expense (benefit) |  |  | (2,551,962 | ) |  |  | 25.0 | % |  |  | (666,111 | ) |  |  | 21.0 | % |  |  | (3,218,073 | ) |  |  |  |
High-tech income benefits on Jinong |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  |  |
Loss from subsidiaries in which no benefit is recognized |  |  | 2,454,142 |  |  |  | (24.0 | )% |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,454,142 |  |  |  |  |
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax asset from US tax benefit |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 666,111 |  |  |  | (21.0 | )% |  |  | 666,111 |  |  |  |  |
Actual tax expense |  | $ | (97,820 | ) |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | $ | - |  |  |  |  | % |  | $ | (97,820 | ) |  |  | 0.7 | %

F-21

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 12 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

On August 2, 2022, the Company completed the issuance of 1,117,142 shares of its Common Stock for $16,757,130 to P Kevin HODL Ltd, an entity owned and controlled by Mr. Zhibiao Pan, who was subsequently appointed as the Company’s co-Chief Executive Officer on August 25, 2022. This sale was made pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement dated November 23, 2021 in transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in reliance on an exemption provided by Rule 903 of Regulation S and/or Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

On November 25, 2022, the Company issued 122,305 shares of common stock to settle the payable of consulting services under the 2009 Plan. The value of the stock was $658,000 and was based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date of November 12, 2022 when the Company authorized the grant.

On January 18, 2024, the Company issued 439,109 shares of common stock to settle an amount of $887,000 payable of consulting services.

On February 16, 2024, the Company issued 973,515 shares of common stock to settle an amount of $1,849,680 payable of accrued compensations.

As of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, there were 14,793,538 and 13,380,914 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

Preferred Stock

Under the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, the Board has the authority, without further action by stockholders, to designate up to 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications and restrictions granted to or imposed upon the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, liquidation preference and sinking fund terms, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock. If the Company sells preferred stock under its registration statement on Form S-3, it will fix the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications and restrictions of the preferred stock of each series in the certificate of designation relating to that series and will file the certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock the Company offers before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company has 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized, with a par value of $.001 per share, of which no shares are issued or outstanding.

NOTE 13 – CONCENTRATIONS AND LITIGATION

Market Concentration

All the Company’s revenue-generating operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC’s economy.

The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among other things, the political, economic and legal environment and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.

F-22

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Vendor and Customer Concentration

There was no vendor that the Company purchased over 10% of its raw materials during the year ended June 30, 2024.

There were six vendors that the Company purchased over 10% of its raw materials with an aggregate amount of $71,040,024, or 12.2%, 12.0%, 12.0%, 11.8%, 11.7% and 11.6%, respectively, for fertilizer manufacturing during the year ended June 30, 2023.

There was no customer that account for over 10% of the Company’s manufactured fertilizer sales for the year ended June 30, 2024.

Six customers accounted for an aggregate amount of $71,690,103, or 10.7%, 10.4%, 10.4%, 10.4%, 10.3%, and 10.2%, respectively, of the Company’s manufactured fertilizer sales for the year ended June 30, 2023.

Litigation

On June 5, 2020, an individual filed suit pro se (as in, representing oneself without an attorney) in the Southern District of Florida federal court alleging violations of the Securities Exchange Act. The Company believes the action is without merit and vigorously opposed it. The Company moved to dismiss the litigation and for attorney’s fees from the plaintiff. On November 2, 2020, the case was transferred to the United States District Court for The Southern District Of New York. On March 31, 2021, the Southern District of New York federal court presiding over the case dismissed all claims against the Company, its executives, and its independent directors. The dismissal was without prejudice and the plaintiff can appeal or amend within 30 days, or by October 29, 2021. The plaintiff amended the complaint on Oct 30, 2021. On August 30, 2022, the Southern District of New York federal court presiding over the case issued an order granting motions to dismiss all claims in the amended complaint against the Company, its executives, and its independent directors. On September 6, 2022, the plaintiff filed a notice of civil appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit. On December 11, 2023, the Second Circuit affirmed the district court’s decision. On or about April 19, 2024, the Plaintiff filed an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States. The Company does not believe a response to Plaintiff’s appeal is necessary.

On May 28, 2024, an individual commenced a lawsuit in Texas state court against the Company and its co-CEO, Mr. Zhibiao Pan. The individual alleges that the Company used funds he stored in cryptocurrency wallets operated by entities related to Mr. Pan to purchase cryptocurrency mining sites. The Company plans to dismiss the lawsuit. The Company has engaged counsel and negotiated an extension to enable investigation of this matter, and will be responding to the lawsuit in December 2024.

There are no other actions, suits, proceedings, inquiries or investigations before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our companies or our subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

NOTE 14 – SEGMENT REPORTING

As of June 30, 2024, the Company was organized into four main business segments based on location and product: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), Yuxing (agricultural products production), and Antaeus (Bitcoin). Each of the four operating segments referenced above has separate and distinct general ledgers. The chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) receives financial information, including revenue, gross margin, operating income and net income produced from the various general ledger systems to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance; however, the principal measure of segment profitability or loss used by the CODM is net income by segment.

|  | Years Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Revenues from unaffiliated customers: |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | 32,954,490 |  |  | $ | 40,247,303 |
Gufeng |  |  | 52,189,666 |  |  |  | 74,028,542 |
Yuxing |  |  | 9,416,450 |  |  |  | 9,654,168 |
Antaeus |  |  | 1,285,181 |  |  |  | 210,342 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 95,845,788 |  |  | $ | 124,140,355 |
Operating income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | (3,038,010 | ) |  | $ | (4,411,893 | )
Gufeng |  |  | (19,059,750 | ) |  |  | (6,062,353 | )
Yuxing |  |  | (893,515 | ) |  |  | 499,479 |
Antaeus |  |  | (2,004,936 | ) |  |  | (465,560 | )
Reconciling item (1) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Reconciling item (2) |  |  | (3,854,945 | ) |  |  | (3,173,033 | )
Consolidated |  | $ | (28,851,155 | ) |  | $ | (13,613,360 | )

F-23

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Net (loss) income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | (2,983,399 | ) |  | $ | (4,224,927 | )
Gufeng |  |  | (19,219,575 | ) |  |  | (6,280,625 | )
Yuxing |  |  | (802,575 | ) |  |  | 763,512 |
Antaeus |  |  | (1,544,831 | ) |  |  | (367,988 | )
Reconciling item (1) |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 1,077 |
Reconciling item (2) |  | $ | (3,854,947 | ) |  | $ | (3,173,034 | )
Consolidated |  | $ | (28,405,315 | ) |  | $ | (13,281,985 | )
Depreciation and Amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | 764,684 |  |  | $ | 785,503 |
Gufeng |  |  | 730,516 |  |  |  | 761,466 |
Yuxing |  |  | 750,476 |  |  |  | 839,514 |
Antaeus |  |  | 475,477 |  |  |  | 16,667 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 2,721,154 |  |  | $ | 2,403,150 |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  |  | 126,395 |  |  |  | 78,342 |
Gufeng |  |  | 165,791 |  |  |  | 217,462 |
Yuxing |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Antaeus |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Consolidated |  | $ | 292,186 |  |  | $ | 295,804 |
Capital Expenditure: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | 53,702 |  |  | $ | 52,664 |
Gufeng |  |  | 180 |  |  |  | 216,892 |
Yuxing |  |  | 106,280 |  |  |  | 101,837 |
Antaeus |  |  | 1,502,600 |  |  |  | 1,000,000 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 1,662,763 |  |  | $ | 1,371,393 |

|  | As of |
|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Identifiable assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Jinong |  | $ | 72,411,611 |  |  | $ | 87,862,836 |
Gufeng |  |  | 39,063,187 |  |  |  | 49,749,041 |
Yuxing |  |  | 40,535,883 |  |  |  | 38,223,482 |
Antaeus |  |  | 1,612,177 |  |  |  | 3,292,247 |
Reconciling item (1) |  |  | 9,454,754 |  |  |  | 7,387,637 |
Reconciling item (2) |  |  | 169,071 |  |  |  | 166,121 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 163,246,683 |  |  | $ | 186,681,364 |

(1) | Reconciling amounts refer to the unallocated assets or expenses of Green New Jersey.

(2) | Reconciling amounts refer to the unallocated assets or expenses of the Parent Company.

Total revenues from exported products currently accounted for less than 1% of the Company’s total fertilizer revenues for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

F-24

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 15 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, certain taxes and environmental matters, as wells commitments under contractual and other commercial obligations. We recognize liabilities for commitments and contingencies when a loss is probable and estimable.

On July 1, 2020, Jinong signed an office rental agreement with Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”), of which Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, served as its Chairman. Pursuant to the rental agreement, Jinong rented 612 square meters (approximately 6,588 square feet) of office space from Kingtone Information. The rental agreement provides for a two-year term effective as of July 1, 2022 with monthly rent of RMB28,000 (approximately $3,850).

In February 2004, Tianjuyuan signed a fifty-year rental agreement with the village committee of Dong Gao Village and Zhen Nan Zhang Dai Village in the Beijing Ping Gu District.

On April 1, 2024, Antaeus signed a one-year rental agreement for an office in Austin, Texas for approximately 404 square meters (4,348 square feet) space.

Accordingly, the Company recorded an aggregate of $55,281 and $51,192 as rent expenses for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The contingent rent expenses herein for the next five years ended June 30, are as follows:

Years ending June 30, |  |  |
2025 |  |  | 55,281 |
2026 |  |  | 55,281 |
2027 |  |  | 55,281 |
2028 |  |  | 55,281 |
2029 |  |  | 55,281 |

NOTE 16 – VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

In accordance with accounting standards regarding consolidation of variable interest entities, VIEs are generally entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision-making ability. All VIEs with which a company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes.

Green Nevada through one of its subsidiaries, Jinong, entered into a series of agreements (the “VIE Agreements”) with Yuxing for it to qualify as a VIE, effective June 16, 2013.

The Company has concluded, based on the contractual arrangements, that Yuxing is a VIE and that the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Jinong, absorbs most of the risk of loss from the activities of Yuxing, thereby enabling the Company, through Jinong, to receive a majority of Yuxing expected residual returns.

On June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and into a series of contractual agreements to qualify as VIEs with the shareholders of the sales VIE Companies.

Jinong, the sales VIE Companies, and the shareholders of the sales VIE Companies also entered into a series of contractual agreements for the sales VIE Companies to qualify as VIEs (the “VIE Agreements”).

On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, exited the VIE agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai.

On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo, Xinyulei and Xiangrong.

F-25

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.

On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.

On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.

As a result of these contractual arrangements, with Yuxing and the sales VIE Companies the Company is entitled to substantially all the economic benefits of Yuxing and the VIE Companies. The following financial statement amounts and balances of the VIE were included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023:

|  | June 30, |  |  | June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 668,213 |  |  | $ | 323,854 |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | 451,599 |  |  |  | 283,221 |
Inventories |  |  | 24,739,437 |  |  |  | 24,288,379 |
Inter co trans |  |  | 2,062,500 |  |  |  | - |
Other current assets |  |  | 98,636 |  |  |  | 136,237 |
Total current assets |  |  | 28,020,385 |  |  |  | 25,031,691 |
Non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Plant, property and equipment, net |  |  | 5,437,909 |  |  |  | 5,887,278 |
Intangible assets, net |  |  | 7,077,589 |  |  |  | 7,294,729 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | - |  |  |  | 9,784 |
Total non-current assets |  |  | 12,515,498 |  |  |  | 13,191,791 |
Total assets |  | $ | 40,535,883 |  |  | $ | 38,223,482 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 12,485 |  |  | $ | 12,512 |
Customer deposits |  |  | 19,609 |  |  |  | 62,134 |
Accrued expenses and other payables |  |  | 201,229 |  |  |  | 282,968 |
Amount due to related parties |  |  | 40,511,642 |  |  |  | 39,346,051 |
Short-term loan |  |  | 206,250 |  |  |  | - |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 40,951,215 |  |  |  | 39,703,665 |
Non-current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term loan |  |  | 1,856,250 |  |  |  | - |
Total non-current liabilities |  |  | 1,856,250 |  |  |  | - |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 42,807,465 |  |  | $ | 39,703,665 |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  | (2,271,582 | ) |  |  | (1,480,183 | )
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 40,535,883 |  |  | $ | 38,223,482 |

|  | Years Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Revenue |  | $ | 9,416,450 |  |  | $ | 9,654,168 |
Expenses |  |  | 10,219,025 |  |  |  | 8,890,656 |
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (802,575 | ) |  | $ | 763,512 |

F-26

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

NOTE 17 – RESTRICTED NET ASSETS

The Company’s operations are primarily conducted through its PRC subsidiaries, which can only pay dividends out of their retained earnings determined in accordance with the accounting standards and regulations in the PRC and after it has met the PRC requirements for appropriation to statutory reserves. In addition, the Company’s businesses and assets are primarily denominated in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the People’s Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the People’s Bank of China or other regulatory institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. These currency exchange control procedures imposed by the PRC government authorities may restrict the ability of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries to transfer their net assets to the Parent Company through loans, advances or cash dividends.

The Company’s PRC subsidiaries net assets as of June 30, 2024 and 2023 exceeded 25% of the Company’s consolidated net assets. Accordingly, condensed Parent Company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 5-04 and Rule 12-04 of SEC Regulation S-X, and they are as follows.

Parent Company Financial Statements

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC.

Condensed Balance Sheets

|  | As of June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 2,721 |  |  | $ | 49,598 |
Other current assets |  |  | 169,071 |  |  |  | 169,071 |
Total current assets |  |  | 171,791 |  |  |  | 218,668 |
Long-term equity investment |  |  | 114,953,290 |  |  |  | 139,569,715 |
Total long-term assets |  |  | 114,953,290 |  |  |  | 139,569,715 |
Total assets |  | $ | 115,125,082 |  |  | $ | 139,788,383 |
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 214,520 |  |  | $ | 214,520 |
Amount due to related parties |  |  | 4,520,449 |  |  |  | 4,445,449 |
Other payables and accrued expenses |  |  | 10,290,932 |  |  |  | 9,760,556 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 15,025,901 |  |  |  | 14,420,526 |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, $.001 par value, 115,197,165 shares authorized, 14,793,538 and 13,380,914 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively |  |  | 14,794 |  |  |  | 13,381 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 244,825,844 |  |  |  | 242,090,576 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (26,550,536 | ) |  |  | (26,950,493 | )
Retained earnings |  |  | (118,190,922 | ) |  |  | (89,785,607 | )
Total shareholders’ equity |  |  | 100,099,180 |  |  |  | 125,367,857 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 115,125,082 |  |  | $ | 139,788,383 |

F-27

CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

Condensed Statements of Operations

|  | Year ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Revenue |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 3,854,944 |  |  |  | 3,173,034 |
Interest income |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 1,076 |
Equity investment in subsidiaries |  |  | (24,550,383 | ) |  |  | (10,110,028 | )
Net loss |  | $ | (28,405,3153 | ) |  | $ | (13,281,985 | )

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

|  | Year Ended June 30, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Net cash used in operating activities |  | $ | (399,789 | ) |  | $ | (17,100,265 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |  |  | (1,502,600 | ) |  |  | 2,001,000 |
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 191,000 |  |  |  | 17,097,130 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance |  |  | 2,050,350 |  |  |  | 52,484 |
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance |  | $ | 338,961 |  |  | $ | 2,050,350 |

Notes to Condensed Parent Company Financial Information

As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, there were no material contingencies, significant provisions for long-term obligations, or guarantees of the Company, except as separately disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements, if any. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted.

F-28

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