<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001140361-24-009259.txt : 20240223
<SEC-HEADER>0001140361-24-009259.hdr.sgml : 20240223
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20240223161601
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001140361-24-009259
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		17
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20240219
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20240223
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20240223

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			BARNWELL INDUSTRIES INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000010048
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	CRUDE PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS [1311]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	01 Energy & Transportation
		IRS NUMBER:				720496921
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0930

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-05103
		FILM NUMBER:		24671380

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1100 ALAKEA ST.
		STREET 2:		SUITE 500
		CITY:			HONOLULU
		STATE:			HI
		ZIP:			96813
		BUSINESS PHONE:		808-531-8400

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1100 ALAKEA ST.
		STREET 2:		SUITE 500
		CITY:			HONOLULU
		STATE:			HI
		ZIP:			96813

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	BMA CORP/TN
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19770324

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	BARNWELL OFFSHORE INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19671101
</SEC-HEADER>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>

    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>

    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Washington, DC 20549</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: bold;">FORM <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentType" id="Fact_5fe5b8218a3848e3a1587eba8256c2f9" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Current Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)</div>

    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;"> <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate" id="Fact_086fc052f6ea41bc8e1a0101c7753564" contextRef="c20240219to20240219" format="ixt:date-monthname-day-year-en">February 19, 2024</ix:nonNumeric></span></div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1" id="Fact_bcc2340c71734c4fb28f9f0c97f84fd2" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">1100 Alakea Street</ix:nonNumeric>, <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2" id="Fact_2347dfc477764334b0cdde6a6c6dbb44" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">Suite 500</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:CityAreaCode" id="Fact_be392b9ec2064e208738d1eb0dfcecb4" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">808</ix:nonNumeric>) <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber" id="Fact_a3b5631d18ef4bbb94cdf93007cc351e" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">531-8400</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following
      provisions:</div>

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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&#160;Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</div>
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    <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</div>
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    <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 18pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer" id="Fact_6b15e3232f794d5d862d04edfed21878" contextRef="c20240219to20240219" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</div>
              </td>

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    <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</div>
              </td>

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    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</div>

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    </div>

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    <td style="width: 32.01%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Title of each class</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 24%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Trading Symbol(s)</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 40%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Name of each exchange on which registered</div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 32.01%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_12abe1108cbc4da4a5a589d94242780e" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">Common Stock, $0.50 Par Value</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
            </div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 24%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" id="Fact_a0d3815ed12e4ca6a15ae43e7f5ac23d" contextRef="c20240219to20240219">BRN</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
            </div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 40%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_f58cc917f300426fb3fa2880161ffff3">NYSE American</span><br/>
            </div>
          </td>

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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2
      of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).&#160; Emerging growth company <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_3a146c4aab2b437ea70a698288964da0" contextRef="c20240219to20240219" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised
      financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
      <hr style="border: none; border-bottom: 4px solid black; border-top: 1px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"/></div>

    <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"/></div>

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    <td style="width: 63pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Item 5.02</span></td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers</span></div>
          </td>

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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">On February 20, 2024, </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Barnwell Industries, Inc.
        (&#8220;BII&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;) announced that, effective April 1, 2024, Mr. Craig Hopkins would become the Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company. Mr. Alexander C. Kinzler, the current Chief Executive Officer and President, will remain as
        the Company&#8217;s General Counsel and, effective April 1, 2024, will become the Company&#8217;s Corporate Secretary.&#160; Mr. Kinzler, a member of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;), will become, effective April 1, 2024, Executive Chairman of the
        Board, and Mr. Kenneth Grossman, the current Chairman of the Board, will become Vice Chairman of the Board on that date.</span></div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Mr. Hopkins, age 50, joined Octavian Oil Ltd. (&#8220;Octavian&#8221;) in February 2017 and Barnwell of Canada (&#8220;BOC&#8221;) in July 2020. Both companies are subsidiaries of BII.&#160; He
      currently serves as the President of Octavian and as BOC&#8217;s President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Hopkins will continue to serve in those positions.</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">There is no arrangement or understanding between Mr. Hopkins and any other person pursuant to which Mr. Hopkins is being appointed as Chief Executive Officer and President
      of the Company, and there is no family relationship between Mr. Hopkins and any of the Company&#8217;s directors or executive officers. Mr. Hopkins has no interest in any transaction required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Mr. Hopkins&#8217;s current annual compensation consists of a base salary of the U.S. dollar equivalent of $225,000 Canadian dollars. He received an annual bonus of $78,000
      Canadian dollars for fiscal year 2023. The Board is consider adjustments to Mr. Hopkins&#8217;s compensation. Any material change to his compensation would be discussed in an amendment to this Current Report on Form 8-K or in another applicable report
      filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

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    <td style="width: 63pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Item 5.03</span></td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year</span></div>
          </td>

  </tr>


</table>
    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">On February 19, 2024, the Board amended Article V, Section 5.01 of the Bylaws of the
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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The foregoing description of the amendment to the Bylaws does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full
      text of the Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Bylaws, which are attached hereto as Exhibit 3.2 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <td style="width: 63pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Item 7.01</span></td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Regulation FD Disclosure</span></div>
          </td>

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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">On February 20, 2024, the Company issued a press release. A copy of the press release is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated herein
      by reference.</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The information in Item 7.01 to this Current Report on Form 8-K, including Exhibit 99.1, is being furnished and shall not be deemed &#8220;filed&#8221; for
      purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933,
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    <td style="width: 63pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Item 9.01</span></td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Financial Statements and Exhibits</span></div>
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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">(d)</td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Exhibit No.</span></div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Description</span></div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
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          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company</div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="ef20022289_ex99-1.htm">99.1</a></div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Press release dated February 20, 2024</div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">104</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURE</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

    <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Dated:&#160; February 23, 2024</div>
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    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="3" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

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            <div>
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.</div>
            </div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>

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          </td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">By:</div>
          </td>

    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);" colspan="2">
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              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">/s/ Alexander C. Kinzler</div>
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          </td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Name:</div>
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    <td style="width: 42%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Alexander C. Kinzler</div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 5%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Title:</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 42%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Chief Executive Officer and President</div>
          </td>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Exhibit Index</span></div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Exhibit No.</span></div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Description</span></div>
          </td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.2</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company</div>
          </td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">99.1</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Press Release dated February 20, 2024</div>
          </td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

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    <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">104</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</div>
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<TYPE>EX-3
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ef20022289_ex3-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.2
<TEXT>
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      <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 3.2</div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.</div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8211;A Delaware Corporation&#8211;</div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>BY-LAWS</u></div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AMENDED AND RESTATED</div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE I</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
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            <u>Meetings of Stockholders</u></font></font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Annual Meetings</u></font>.&#160; The annual meeting of the stockholders of Barnwell Industries, Inc. (the &#8220;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Corporation</u></font>&#8221;) for the election of
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            stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat.&#160; Any such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed special meeting and shall comply with all the requirements set forth in these By-laws.&#160; The
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            is present in person or by proxy, any officer entitled to act as chairman or secretary of such meeting, may adjourn the meeting to another time or place.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at
        the meeting at which the adjournment is taken.&#160; At the adjourned meeting the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.&#160; If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a
        new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.6.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Organization</u></font>.&#160; The Chairman of the Board, or, if there is no Chairman or in his absence or disability, the Vice Chairman, if any, the President or any Vice President, or, in the absence of
            all of them, a chairman appointed by the stockholders, shall act as chairman of all meetings of stockholders.&#160; The Secretary of the Corporation or, in his absence or disability, any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, or, in the absence of
            both of them, a secretary appointed by the chairman of the meeting, shall act as secretary at all meetings of stockholders.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.7.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Voting</u></font>.&#160; Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or required by law, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock
            held by such stockholder which is registered in his name on the record date for the meeting.&#160; Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person
            or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors.&#160; Except as otherwise provided by law, in all other matters the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at
            the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders.&#160; Voting, including voting for the election of directors, need not be by written ballot.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.8.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Proxies</u></font>.&#160; Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate actions in writing may authorize another person or persons to act for
            him by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.&#160; A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as
            long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.9.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Voting by Fiduciaries and Pledgors</u></font>.&#160; Persons holding stock in a fiduciary capacity shall be entitled to vote the shares so held, and persons whose stock is pledged shall be entitled to
            vote, unless in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the Corporation, he has expressly<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#160;</sup>empowered the pledgee to vote thereon, in which case only the pledgee or his proxy may represent said stock and vote thereon.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.10.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Stockholder List</u></font>.&#160; For a period of at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting showing the address and
            number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided that</u></font>, the information required to access such list is provided with the notice of meeting or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation.&#160; The list shall also be
            produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the entire time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.11.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Inspectors of Election</u></font>.&#160; In advance of any stockholders&#8217; meeting, the Board of Directors shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof.&#160; The
            Board of Directors may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.&#160; If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint
            one or more inspectors to act at the meeting.&#160; Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his
            ability.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.12.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Fixing the Record Date</u></font>.&#160; So that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express
            consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the
            purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix in advance a record date, which shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and (i)&#160;in the case of a
            meeting, shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting, or (ii) in the case of a written consent, shall not exceed by more than 10 days the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by
            the Board of Directors, or (iii) in the case of any other action, shall not be more than 60 days prior to such action.&#160; Only those stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to any of the foregoing rights, notwithstanding the
            transfer of any stock on the books of the Corporation after any such record date fixed by the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 1.13.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations</u></font>.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 67.5pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(A)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Annual Meetings
            of Stockholders.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(1)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Nominations



            of persons for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (a) pursuant to the Corporation&#8217;s notice of meeting (or any
            supplement thereto) delivered pursuant to Article I, Section 1.3 of these By-Laws, (b) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof or (c) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is entitled to vote on such
            election or such other business at the meeting, who complied with the notice procedures set forth in subparagraphs (2) and (3) of this paragraph (A) of this By-Law and who was a stockholder of record at the time such notice is delivered to the
            Secretary of the Corporation.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(2)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">For



            nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation, and, in the case of business other than
            nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors, such other business must be a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder&#8217;s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of
            the Corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#8217;s annual meeting; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>however</u></font>, that in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year or the date of the annual meeting is changed by more than thirty (30) days from such anniversary date,
            notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth day
            following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made; and <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided</u></font>&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>further</u></font>, that for
            purposes of the application of Rule 14a-4(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Exchange Act</u></font>&#8221;) (or any successor provision), the date for notice specified in this
            paragraph (A)(2) shall be the earlier of the date calculated as hereinbefore provided or the date specified in paragraph (c)(1) of Rule 14a-4.</font></font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Such stockholder&#8217;s notice shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director all
        information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
        promulgated thereunder, including such person&#8217;s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected; (b) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a
        brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and, in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend
        these By-Laws, the language of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made;
        (c) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation&#8217;s books, and of such beneficial owner,
        (ii) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, (iii) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation
        entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination, (iv) a representation whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends or is part of a group which
        intends (A) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation&#8217;s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or elect the nominee and/or (B) otherwise to solicit
        proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal or nomination, (v) a certification regarding whether such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, have complied with all applicable federal, state and other legal requirements in connection
        with the stockholder&#8217;s and/or beneficial owner&#8217;s acquisition of shares of capital stock or other securities of the Corporation and/or the stockholder&#8217;s and/or beneficial owner&#8217;s acts or omissions as a stockholder of the Corporation and (vi) any
        other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for
        the election of directors in an election contest pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (d) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding with
        respect to the nomination or proposal and/or the voting of shares of any class or series of stock of the Corporation between or among the stockholder giving the notice, the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is
        made, any of their respective affiliates or associates and/or any others acting in concert with any of the foregoing (collectively, &#8220;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>proponent persons</u></font>&#8221;); and (e) a description of any
        agreement, arrangement or understanding (including without limitation any contract to purchase or sell, acquisition or grant of any option, right or warrant to purchase or sell, swap or other instrument) to which any proponent person is a party,
        the intent or effect of which may be (i) to transfer to or from any proponent person, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any security of the Corporation, (ii) to increase or decrease the voting power of any
        proponent person with respect to shares of any class or series of stock of the Corporation and/or (iii) to provide any proponent person, directly or indirectly, with the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from, or to otherwise
        benefit economically from, any increase or decrease in the value of any security of the Corporation.&#160; A stockholder providing notice of a proposed nomination for election to the Board of Directors or other business proposed to be brought before a
        meeting (whether given pursuant to this paragraph (A)(2) or paragraph (B) of this By-Law) shall update and supplement such notice from time to time to the extent necessary so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice
        shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting and as of the date that is fifteen (15) days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof; such update and supplement shall be delivered in writing to the Secretary
        at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) days after the record date for the meeting (in the case of any update and supplement required to be made as of the record date), and not later than ten (10) days prior to
        the date for the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof (in the case of any update and supplement required to be made as of fifteen (15) days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof).&#160; The Corporation may require
        any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation and to determine the independence of such director under the
        Exchange Act and rules and regulations thereunder and applicable stock exchange rules.</div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(3)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Notwithstanding



            anything in paragraph (A)(2) of this By-Law to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased, effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under
            paragraph (A)(2) of this By-Law, and there is no public announcement naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors made by the Corporation at least eighty (80) days prior to the first
            anniversary of the preceding year&#8217;s annual meeting, a stockholder&#8217;s notice required by this By-Law shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to
            the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which a public announcement of such increase is first made by the Corporation; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided</u></font> that, if no such announcement is made at least ten (10) days before the meeting, then no such notice shall be required.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 67.5pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(B)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Special Meetings of Stockholders</u></font>.&#160; Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation&#8217;s
            notice of meeting pursuant to Article I, Section 1.3 of these By-Laws. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the
            Corporation&#8217;s notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof&#160; (or stockholders pursuant to Article I, Section 1.2 of these By-Laws) or (b) provided that the Board of Directors (or stockholders
            pursuant to Article I, Section 1.22 of these By-Laws) has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is entitled to vote on such election at the meeting who complies with the notice
            procedures set forth in this By-Law and who is a stockholder of record at the time such notice is delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation. The proposals by stockholders of other business to be conducted at a special meeting of
            stockholders may be made only in accordance with Article I, Section 1.2 of these By-Laws.&#160; In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any
            such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation&#8217;s notice of meeting if the stockholder&#8217;s notice as required
            by paragraph (A)(2) of this By-Law shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the 120th day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of
            the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 67.5pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(C)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>General</u></font>.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(1)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Only



            persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this By-Law shall be eligible to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in
            accordance with the procedures set forth in this By-Law.&#160; In addition, nominations of persons by a stockholder for election to the Board of Directors and business proposed to be brought by a stockholder may not be brought before the meeting if
            such stockholder or any proponent persons, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the notice referred to in the second paragraph of subparagraph (2) of paragraph (A) of this By-Law applicable to such nomination or
            business or if such notice applicable to such nomination or business contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.&#160; Except as otherwise provided by
            law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or these By-Laws, the chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that any nomination or business was not properly brought before the meeting
            in accordance with the provisions of these By-Laws, and if he or she should so determine, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting, and any such nomination or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.13, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at
        the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or business, such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may
        have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 1.13, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a
        writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable
        reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(2)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">For



            purposes of this By-Law, &#8220;public announcement&#8221; shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed or furnished by the Corporation
            with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(3)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">For



            purposes of this By-Law, no adjournment or postponement or notice of adjournment or postponement of any meeting shall be deemed to constitute a new notice of such meeting for purposes of this Section 1.13, and in order for any notification
            required to be delivered by a stockholder pursuant to this Section 1.13 to be timely, such notification must be delivered within the periods set forth above with respect to the originally scheduled meeting.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(4)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Notwithstanding



            the foregoing provisions of this By-Law, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this By-Law; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>however</u></font>, that to the fullest extent permitted by law, any references in these By-Laws to the Exchange Act or the
            rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be considered pursuant to this By-Law (including paragraphs (A)(1)(c) and
            (B) hereof), and compliance with paragraphs (A)(1)(c) and (B) of this By-Law shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or submit other business (other than, as provided in the last sentence of this paragraph (C)(4),
            matters properly brought under and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act as amended from time to time).&#160; Nothing in these By-Laws shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the
            Corporation&#8217;s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.&#160; The foregoing notice requirements of this Section 1.13 shall be deemed satisfied by a stockholder with respect to business other than a nomination if the stockholder
            has notified the Corporation of his, her or its intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance with applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act and such stockholder&#8217;s&#160; proposal has been included in a
            proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE II</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Consent of Stockholders In Lieu of Meeting</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required by law or these By-laws to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of
        the Corporation may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum
        number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation as required by law.&#160; Prompt notice of the taking of
        the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not so consented in writing.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who signs the consent, and no written consent shall be effective to take the action referred to
        therein unless, within sixty (60) days of the earliest dated consent delivered in the manner required by this Article III and the DGCL to the Corporation, written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders of shares of stock of the
        Corporation to take action are delivered to the Corporation as required by law.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE III</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Board of Directors</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Number</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors shall consist of not less than three nor more than fifteen directors, as fixed from time to time by resolution of either the Board of Directors or the
            stockholders in accordance with applicable law (each being subject to any subsequent resolutions of either of them).</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.2.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Election and Term of Office</u></font>.&#160; Directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders, except as provided in Sections 3.3 or 3.11 of these By-laws.&#160; Each director (whether
            elected at an annual meeting or to fill a vacancy or otherwise) shall hold office until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.3.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Vacancies and Additional Directorships</u></font>.&#160; Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any
            increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining
            director.&#160; Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, when one or more directors shall resign from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who
            have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to be effective upon the effectiveness of such resignation or resignations.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.4.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Meetings</u></font>.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(a)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Regular Meetings</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may by resolution provide for the holding of regular meetings for the organization of the Corporation, for the election of officers and for the
            transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting, and may fix the times and places at which such meetings shall be held.&#160; Notice of regular meetings shall not be required to be given, provided that whenever the time or
            place of regular meetings shall be fixed or changed, notice of such action shall be given promptly by electronic transmission, mail, facsimile, telegram, radio, cable, telephone or personal delivery to each director who shall not have been
            present at the meeting at which such action was taken.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(b)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Special Meetings</u></font>.&#160; Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the direction of the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice Chairman, if any, the President, or a
            majority of the directors then in office, except that when the Board of Directors consists of one director, then such director may call a special meeting.&#160; Except as otherwise required by law, notice of each special meeting shall be mailed to
            each director, addressed to him at his residence or usual place of business, at least five days before the day on which such meeting is to be held, or shall be sent to him at such place by electronic transmission, facsimile, telegram, radio or
            cable, or telephoned or delivered to him personally, not later than 24 hours before the day on which such meeting is to be held.&#160; Such notice shall state the time and place of such meeting, but need not state the purpose thereof, unless
            otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(c)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Waiver of Notice</u></font>.&#160; Whenever notice is required to be given to the directors under any provision of law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or these By-laws, a written
            waiver, signed by the director entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.&#160; Attendance of a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when a
            director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.&#160; Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose
            of, any regular or special meeting of the directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(d)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Participation by Conference Call</u></font>.&#160; Members of the Board of Directors may participate in any meeting of the Board by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by
            means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.5.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Quorum; Voting</u></font>.&#160; Unless the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation provides otherwise, at each regular meeting of the Board of Directors one-half of the total number of members of
            the Board of Directors but not less than two directors, and at each special meeting of the Board of Directors, one-third of the total number of members of the Board of Directors but not less than two directors shall constitute a quorum for the
            transaction of business, except that when the Board consists of only one director, then one director shall constitute a quorum.&#160; Unless otherwise required by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or these By-laws, a vote of the
            majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.6.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Adjournments</u></font>.&#160; A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place.&#160; Notice of any adjournment of a meeting of the
            Board of Directors to another time or place shall be given to the directors who were not present at the time of the adjournment and, unless such time and place are announced at such meeting, to the directors who were present.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.7.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Organization</u></font>.&#160; The Chairman of the Board, or if there is no Chairman or in his absence or disability, the Vice Chairman, if any, the President, or any Vice President, or in the absence of
            all of them, a chairman appointed by the directors present at such meeting, shall act as chairman at meetings of directors.&#160; The Secretary of the Corporation, or in his absence or disability, any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, or in
            the absence of all of them, a secretary appointed by the chairman of the meeting, shall act as secretary at all meetings of the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.8.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Action of Board Without Meeting</u></font>.&#160; Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of
            Directors consent thereto in writing (including by electronic transmission) and such writing or writings (including by electronic transmission) are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.9.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Manner of Acting</u></font>.&#160; A member of the Board of Directors shall, in the performance of his duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Corporation and upon such
            information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of the Corporation&#8217;s officers or employees, or committees of the Board of Directors, or by any other person as to matters the director reasonably believes are
            within such other person&#8217;s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.10.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Resignation of Directors</u></font>.&#160; Any director may resign at any time upon giving written notice of such resignation to the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice
            Chairman, if any, the President, any Vice President or the Secretary.&#160; Unless otherwise specified in such notice, such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Board of Directors or any such officer, and acceptance of such
            resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.11.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Removal of Directors</u></font>.&#160; At any meeting of the stockholders duly called as provided in these By-laws, any director or directors may be removed from office, either with or without cause, as
            provided by law.&#160; At such meeting, a successor or successors may be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, or if any such vacancy is not so filled, it may be filled by the directors as provided in Section 3.3 of these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 3.12.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Compensation of Directors</u></font>.&#160; Directors may receive such reasonable compensation for their services as directors, whether in the form of salary or a fixed fee for attendance at meetings,
            with expenses, if any, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.&#160; Nothing contained herein shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE IV</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Committees of the Board</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Designation and Powers</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may, by a resolution passed by a majority of the entire Board of Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of
            one or more of the directors of the Corporation.&#160; Any such committee, to the extent provided in such resolution and permitted by law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the
            business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>however</u></font>, that no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) amend the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, except as permitted by law, (ii) adopt an agreement of merger or consolidation,
            (iii) recommend to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation&#8217;s property or assets, (iv) recommend to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation, or a revocation of a dissolution, or (v)
            amend the By-laws of the Corporation. Any such committee, to the extent provided in such resolution, shall have the power and authority to (i) declare a dividend, (ii) authorize the issuance of stock, or (iii) adopt a certificate of ownership
            and merger as permitted by law.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.2.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Term of Office</u></font>.&#160; The term of office of the members of each committee shall be as fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors, subject to these By&#8209;laws; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>however</u></font>, that any committee member who ceases to be a member of the Board of Directors shall <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>ipso</u></font>&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>facto</u></font> cease to be a member of any committee thereof.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.3.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Alternate Members and Vacancies</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee who, in the order specified by the Board of Directors,
            may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.&#160; If at a meeting of any committee one or more of the members thereof should be absent or disqualified, and if either the Board of Directors has not so designated any
            alternate member or members or the number of absent or disqualified members exceeds the number of alternate members who are present at such meeting, then the member or members of such committee (including alternates) present at any meeting and
            not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another director to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.&#160; If any vacancy shall occur in any committee by
            reason of death, resignation, disqualification, removal or otherwise, the remaining member or members of such committee, so long as a quorum is present, may continue to act until such vacancy is filled by the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.4.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Meetings</u></font>.&#160; Meetings of a committee may be called by the Chairman of the Board or the President of the Corporation or by any member of the committee on not less than one day&#8217;s notice, which
            notice may be written (including electronic transmission) or oral.&#160; Any member of a committee may waive notice of any meeting and no notice of any meeting need be given to any member thereof who attends the meeting.&#160; The notice of a meeting
            need not state the business proposed to be transaction at the meeting.&#160; Each committee shall fix its own rules of procedure, and shall meet where and as and upon such notice as provided by such rules or by resolution of the Board of Directors
            so long as the same are not inconsistent with these By-Laws.&#160; Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and all actions by each committee shall be reported to the Board of Directors at its next regular meeting succeeding any
            such action.&#160; Members of any committee designated by the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting of the committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the
            meeting can hear each other, and such participation shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.5.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Quorum; Voting</u></font>.&#160; At each meeting of any committee the presence of a majority of the total number of its members then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business;
            except that when a committee consists of one member, then one member shall constitute a quorum.&#160; A vote of the majority of committee members present at any meeting of a committee at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.6.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Adjournments</u></font>.&#160; A majority of the members of a committee present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn any meeting of such committee to another place and time.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.7.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Action of Committee Without Meeting</u></font>.&#160; Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of any committee designated by the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting if
            all members of such committee consent thereto in writing (including electronic transmission) and such writing or writings (including electronic transmission) are filed with the minutes of the proceedings of such committee.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-12-</font></div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.8.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Manner of Acting</u></font>.&#160; A member of any committee designated by the Board of Directors shall, in the performance of his duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of
            the Corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of the Corporation&#8217;s officers or employees, or other committees of the Board of Directors, or by any other person as to matters the
            member reasonably believes are within such other person&#8217;s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.9.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Resignation of Committee Members</u></font>.&#160; Any member of a committee may resign at any time by giving written notice of such resignation to the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, if
            any, the Vice Chairman, if any, the President, any Vice President or the Secretary.&#160; Unless otherwise specified in such notice, such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Board of Directors or any such officer, and
            acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.10.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Removal of Committee Members</u></font>.&#160; Any member of any committee may be removed with or without cause at any time by the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 4.11.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Compensation of Committee Members</u></font>.&#160; Committee members may receive such reasonable compensation for their services as committee members, whether in the form of salary or a fixed fee for
            attendance at meetings, with expenses, if any, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.&#160; Nothing contained herein shall be construed to preclude any committee member from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and
            receiving compensation therefor.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>ARTICLE IVA</u><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Executive and Compensation Committees of the Board</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Section 4.1A.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Executive Committee</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may, by a resolution passed by a majority of the entire Board of Directors, designate an Executive Committee (and may discontinue the same at any time) to consist
            of two or more of the directors of the Corporation.&#160; The members shall be appointed by the Board and shall hold office during the pleasure of the Board.&#160; The Executive Committee shall have and may exercise all the powers of the Board of
            Directors (when the Board is not in session) in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation (and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it), except that the Executive Committee
            shall have no power (a)&#160;to elect directors; (b)&#160;to alter, amend or repeal these By-Laws or any resolution or resolutions of the directors designating an Executive Committee; or (c)&#160;to appoint any member of the Executive Committee. Regular
            meetings of the Executive Committee shall be held at such time and place as the Committee may determine, and special meetings may be called at any time by any officer or any member of the Committee.&#160; Notice of each meeting of the Executive
            Committee shall be given (or waived) in the same manner as notice for a director&#8217;s meeting, and a majority of the members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-13-</font></div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Section 4.2A.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Compensation Committee</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may, by a resolution passed by a majority of the entire Board of Directors, designate a Compensation Committee (and may discontinue the same at any time) to
            consist of two or more of the directors of the Corporation.&#160; The members shall be appointed by the Board and shall hold office during the pleasure of the Board.&#160; The Compensation Committee shall have, and may exercise, any and all of the
            following powers of the Board of Directors: (a)&#160;to determine compensation to be payable to officers and key employees of subsidiaries of the Corporation, and the terms and conditions attendant thereto; (b)&#160;to determine the terms and conditions
            of, and to authorize employment contracts with officers and key employees of the Corporation, and officers and key employees of subsidiaries of the Corporation; (c)&#160;to determine the bonuses and fringe benefits, if any, that shall be granted to
            officers and key employees of the Corporation, and to determine the terms and conditions of any loans to be granted.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE V</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Officers</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Officers</u></font>.&#160; The officers of the Corporation shall be a Chairman of the Board (if elected by the Board of Directors), a Vice Chairman of the Board (if elected by the Board of Directors), a
            President, one or more Vice Presidents (if elected by<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">.</sup> the Board of Directors), a Secretary, a Treasurer, and such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these By-laws.&#160; The Chairman of
            the Board of Directors shall be chosen from among the Board of Directors of the Corporation, but the other officers need not be members of such Board of the Corporation.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.2.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Election, Term of Office and Qualifications</u></font>.&#160; Each officer (except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these By-laws) shall be elected or
            appointed by a majority of the Board of Directors present at any meeting at which such election is held.&#160; Unless otherwise provided in the resolution of election, each officer (whether elected at the first meeting of the Board of Directors
            after the annual meeting of stockholders or to fill a vacancy or otherwise) shall hold his office until the first meeting of the Board of Directors after the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor shall have been elected
            and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.3.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Subordinate Officers and Agents</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may from time to time appoint other officers or agents (including, without limitation, one or more Assistant Vice Presidents, one
            or more Assistant Secretaries and one or more Assistant Treasurers), to hold office for such periods, have such authority and perform such duties as are provided in these By-laws or as may be provided in the resolutions appointing them.&#160; The
            Board of Directors may delegate to any officer or agent the power to appoint any such subordinate officers or agents and to prescribe their respective terms of office, authority and duties.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.4.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>The Chairman of the Board</u></font>.&#160; The Chairman of the Board shall be elected by the Board of Directors.&#160; He shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and stockholders and shall see
            that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. Subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, he shall have general charge of the business, affairs and property of the Corporation and general supervision
            over its officers and agents.&#160; He may sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature), with any other officer thereunto duly authorized, certificates representing stock of the Corporation, the issuance of which shall have been duly
            authorized, and may sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature) and execute, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, agreements and other instruments and documents duly authorized by the Board
            of Directors, except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to another officer or agent.&#160; From time to time the Chairman shall report to the Board of Directors all matters within his
            knowledge which the interests of the Corporation may require to be brought to the attention of the directors.&#160; He shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors
            or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-14-</font></div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.5.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>The Vice Chairman</u></font>.&#160; At the request of the Chairman of the Board, if there is one, or in his absence or disability, the Vice Chairman, if there is one, shall perform all the duties of the
            Chairman of the Board and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions on the Chairman of the Board.&#160; The Vice Chairman may sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature), with any other officer
            thereunto duly authorized, certificates representing stock of the Corporation, the issuance of which shall have been duly authorized, and may sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature) and execute, in the name and on behalf of the
            Corporation, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, agreements and other instruments and documents duly authorized by the Board of Directors, except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to
            another officer or agent.&#160; The Vice Chairman shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.6.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>The President</u></font>.&#160; If there is no Chairman of the Board or Vice Chairman, or at the request of the Chairman of the Board or the Vice Chairman, or, in the absence or disability of the Chairman
            of the Board and the Vice Chairman, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation.&#160; Subject to the authority and direction of the Chairman of the Board and the Vice Chairman, if any, and the Board of Directors, the
            President shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions on the Chairman of the Board, and shall have charge of the day to day supervision of the business, affairs and property of the Corporation.&#160; The President may sign
            (which signature may be a facsimile signature), with any other officer thereunto duly authorized, certificates representing stock of the Corporation, the issuance of which shall have been duly authorized, and may sign (which signature may be a
            facsimile signature) and execute, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, agreements and other instruments and documents duly authorized by the Board of Directors, except where the signing and execution
            thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to another officer or agent.&#160; The President shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the
            Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.7.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Vice Presidents</u></font>.&#160; At the request of the President, or in his absence or disability, the Vice President designated by the Board of Directors shall perform all the duties of the President
            and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions on the President.&#160; Any Vice President may also sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature), with any other officer thereunto duly authorized,
            certificates representing stock of the Corporation, the issuance of which shall have been duly authorized, and may sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature) and execute, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, deeds, mortgages,
            bonds, contracts, agreements and other instruments and documents duly authorized by the Board of Directors, except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to another officer or agent.&#160; Each
            Vice President shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-15-</font></div>
        <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.8.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>The Secretary</u></font>.&#160; The Secretary shall</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(a)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">record all the proceedings of meetings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors, and
            any committees thereof in a book or books to be kept for that purpose;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(b)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">cause all notices to be duly given in accordance with the provisions of these By-laws and
            as required by law;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(c)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">whenever any committee shall be appointed pursuant to a resolution of the Board of
            Directors, furnish the chairman of such committee with a copy of such resolution;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(d)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">be custodian of the records and the seal of the Corporation, and cause such seal to be
            affixed to (or a facsimile to be reproduced on) all certificates representing stock of the Corporation prior to the issuance thereof and all instruments the execution of which in the name and on behalf of the Corporation and under its seal
            shall have been duly authorized;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(e)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">see that the lists, books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and
            records required by law are properly kept and filed;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(f)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">have charge of the stock and transfer books of the Corporation, and exhibit such books at
            all reasonable times to such persons as are entitled by law to have access thereto;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(g)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature), with any other officer thereunto duly
            authorized, certificates representing stock of the Corporation, the issuance of which shall have been duly authorized, and sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature) and execute, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation,
            instruments and documents duly authorized by the Board of Directors, except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to another officer or agent; and</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(h)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">in general, perform all duties incident to the office of Secretary and have such other
            powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.9.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Assistant Secretaries</u></font>.&#160; At the request of the Secretary, or in his absence or disability, the Assistant Secretary designated by the Secretary, the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the
            Board, the Vice Chairman, or the President, shall perform all the duties of the Secretary, and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions on the Secretary.&#160; Each Assistant Secretary shall have such
            other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President, the Secretary or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.10.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>The Treasurer</u></font>.&#160; The Treasurer shall</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(a)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">have charge of and supervision over and be responsible for the funds, securities, receipts
            and disbursements of the Corporation;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(b)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">cause the moneys and other valuable effects <sub style="vertical-align: bottom; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">.</sub>of the Corporation to be deposited
            in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such banks or trust companies, or with such bankers or other depositaries, as shall be selected in accordance with Section 7.3 of these By-laws, or to be otherwise dealt with in such manner as
            the Board of Directors may direct from time to time;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(c)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">cause the funds of the Corporation to be disbursed by checks or drafts upon the authorized
            depositaries of the Corporation, and cause to be taken and preserved proper vouchers for all moneys disbursed;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(d)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">render to the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice Chairman, if
            any, and/or the President, whenever requested, a statement of the financial condition of the Corporation and of all of his transactions as Treasurer;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(e)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">cause to be kept at the Corporation&#8217;s principal office correct books of account of all of
            the Corporation&#8217;s business and transactions and such duplicate books of account as he shall determine and, upon application, cause such books or duplicates thereof to be exhibited to any director;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(f)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">be empowered, from time to time, to require from the officers or agents of the Corporation
            reports or statements giving such information as he may desire or deem appropriate with respect to any or all financial transactions of the Corporation;</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(g)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature), with any other officer thereunto duly
            authorized, certificates representing stock of the Corporation, the issuance of which shall have been duly authorized, and sign (which signature may be a facsimile signature) and execute, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation,
            instruments and documents duly authorized by the Board of Directors, except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to another officer or agent; and</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 72pt;">(h)<font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">in general, perform all duties incident to the office of Treasurer and have such other
            powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-17-</font></div>
        <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.11.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Assistant Treasurer</u></font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: italic;">.</font>&#160; At the request of the Treasurer, or in his absence or disability, the Assistant Treasurer
            designated by the Treasurer, the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice Chairman, if any, or the President shall perform all the duties of the Treasurer, and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject
            to all the restrictions on the Treasurer.&#160; Each Assistant Treasurer shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the
            President, the Treasurer or these By-laws.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.12.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Resignations</u></font>.&#160; Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice of such resignation to the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President, any
            Vice President or the Secretary.&#160; Unless otherwise specified in such written notice, such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Board of Directors or any such officer, and the acceptance of such resignation shall not be
            necessary for it to be effective.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.13.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Removal</u></font>.&#160; Any officer specifically designated in Section 5.1 of these By-laws may be removed with or without cause at any meeting of the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of a
            majority of the directors then in office.&#160; Any officer or agent appointed pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.3 of these By-laws may be removed with or without cause at any meeting of the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of a
            majority of the directors present at such meeting or at any time by any superior officer or agent upon whom such power of removal shall have been conferred by the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.14.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Vacancies</u></font>.&#160; Any vacancy in any office (whether by reason of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or otherwise) shall be filled for the unexpired portion of <sub style="vertical-align: bottom; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">.</sub>the term
            in the manner prescribed by these By-laws for regular elections or appointments to such office.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.15.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Compensation</u></font>.&#160; The salaries of the officers of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors, except that the Board of Directors may delegate to any person the
            power to fix the salaries or other compensation of any officers or agents appointed pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.3 of these By-laws.&#160; No officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that he is also a
            director of the Corporation.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 5.16.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Bonding</u></font>.&#160; The Corporation may secure the fidelity of any or all of its officers or agents by bond or otherwise.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-18-</font></div>
        <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE VI</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Indemnification</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The Corporation shall indemnify, in the manner and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any person (or the estate of any person) who was
        or is a party to, or is threatened to be made a party to, any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether or not by or in the right of the Corporation, and whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or
        otherwise, by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, trustee, fiduciary, employee or agent
        of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such
        action, suit or proceeding.&#160; To the extent and in the manner provided by applicable law, any such expenses may be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding.&#160; Unless otherwise permitted by
        applicable law, the indemnification provided for herein shall be made only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination, made in the manner provided by applicable law, that indemnification of such director, officer, employee or agent is
        proper in the circumstances.&#160; The Corporation may, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was
        serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability which may be asserted against him and incurred by him in any
        such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under applicable law.&#160; The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided for herein shall not be
        deemed to limit the right of the Corporation to indemnify or make advances to any other person for any expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees), judgments, fines or other amounts to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, nor shall they be
        deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official
        capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE VII</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
          </font>Execution of Instruments and<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Deposit of Corporate Funds</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 7.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Execution of Instruments Generally</u></font>.&#160; Subject to the approval of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President, any Vice President, the Secretary or
            the Treasurer may enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name and on behalf of the Corporation.&#160; The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or officers or agent or agents to enter into any contract or execute
            and deliver any instrument in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, and such authorization may be general or confined to specific instances.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 7.2.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Borrowing</u></font>.&#160; No loans or advances shall be obtained or contracted for, by or on behalf of the Corporation, and no negotiable paper shall be issued in the name of the Corporation, unless and
            except as authorized by the Board of Directors.&#160; Such authorization may be general or confined to specific instances.&#160; Any officer or agent of the Corporation thereunto so authorized may obtain loans and advances for the Corporation, and in
            connection with such loans and advances may make, execute and deliver promissory notes, bonds or other evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation.&#160; Any officer or agent of the Corporation so authorized may pledge, hypothecate or transfer as
            security for the payment of any and all loans, advances, indebtedness and liabilities of the Corporation any and all stocks, bonds, other securities and other personal property at any time held by the Corporation, and to that end may endorse,
            assign and deliver the same and do every act and thing necessary or proper in connection therewith.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-19-</font></div>
        <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 7.3.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Deposits</u></font>.&#160; All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to its credit in such banks or trust companies or with such bankers or other
            depositaries as the Board of Directors may select, or as may he selected by any officer or officers or agent or agents authorized to do so by the Board of Directors.&#160; Endorsements for deposit to the credit of the Corporation in any of its duly
            authorized depositaries shall be made in such manner as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 7.4.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Checks, Drafts, Etc</u></font>.&#160; All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, and all notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation, shall be signed
            by such officer or officers or agent or agents of the Corporation, and in such manner, as from time to time shall be determined by the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 7.5.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Proxies</u></font>.&#160; Proxies to vote with respect to shares of stock of other corporations owned by or standing in the name of the Corporation may be executed and delivered from time to time on
            behalf of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President, or any Vice President, or by any other person or persons thereunto authorized by the Board of Directors.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE VIII</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Stock</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 8.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Certificates of Stock</u></font>.&#160; Shares of capital stock of the Corporation may be certificated or uncertificated, as provided under the Delaware General Corporation Law.&#160; Each stockholder, upon
            written request to the transfer agent or registrar of the Corporation, shall be entitled to a certificate of the capital stock of the Corporation in such form as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors.&#160; Each certificate
            shall bear the Corporation seal and shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman, the President or any Vice President and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary.&#160; The Corporation
            seal and the signatures by Corporation officers may be facsimiles if the certificate is manually countersigned by an authorized person on behalf of a transfer agent or registrar other than the Corporation or its employee.&#160; In case any officer,
            transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on the certificate shall have ceased to be an officer, transfer agent or registrar before the certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation
            with the same effect as if the officer, transfer agent or registrar were the officer, transfer agent or registrar at the time of its issue.&#160; Every certificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer and every
            certificate issued when the Corporation is authorized to issue more than one class or series of stock shall contain a legend with respect thereto as is required by law.&#160; The Corporation shall be permitted to issue fractional shares.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-20-</font></div>
        <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 8.2.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Regulations</u></font>.&#160; Upon the surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession,
            assignation or authority to transfer, the Corporation shall issue a new certificate or evidence of the issuance of uncertificated shares to the stockholder entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon the
            Corporation&#8217;s books.&#160; Upon the surrender of any certificate for transfer of stock, the certificate shall at once be conspicuously marked on its face &#8220;Cancelled&#8221; and filed with the permanent stock records of the Corporation.&#160; Upon the receipt of
            proper transfer instructions from the registered owner of uncertificated shares, the uncertificated shares shall be cancelled and new equivalent uncertificated shares or certificated shares shall be issued to the stockholder entitled thereto
            and the transaction shall be recorded upon the Corporation&#8217;s books.&#160; If the Corporation has a transfer agent or registrar acting on its behalf, the signature of any officer or representative thereof may be in a facsimile.&#160; The Board of
            Directors may make such rules and regulations consistent with any governing statute as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of stock (whether certificated or uncertificated) and concerning stock issued,
            transferred or registered in lieu or replacement of any lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificates of stock.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 8.3.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Transfer Agent and Registrar</u></font>.&#160; The Board of Directors may appoint a transfer agent or transfer agents and a registrar or registrars of transfers for any or all classes of the capital stock
            of the Corporation, and may require stock certificates of any or all classes to bear the signature of either or both.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 8.4.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Registered Holders</u></font>.&#160; The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the person in whose name any share of stock or any warrant, right or option is registered as the owner thereof for all
            purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or interest in, such share, warrant, right or option on the part of any other person, whether or not the Corporation shall have notice thereof, save as may be
            expressly provided otherwise by the laws of the State of Delaware.&#160; No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation, its stockholders and creditors for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock book by an entry
            showing from and to whom transferred, save as expressly provided otherwise by the laws of the State of Delaware.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE IX</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Corporate Seal</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The corporate seal shall be circular in form, shall bear the name of the Corporation and words and figures denoting its organization under the laws of
        the State of Delaware and the year thereof, and otherwise shall be in such form as shall be approved from time to time by the Board of Directors.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE X</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Fiscal Year</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin on the first day of October in each year or such other day as the Board of Directors may determine by
        resolution.</div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-21-</font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE XI</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
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            <u>Amendments</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In addition to the provisions, if any, in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation relating to the amendment of the Corporation&#8217;s By-laws,
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE XII</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Forum Selection</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Section 12.1.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Forum for Certain Actions</u></font>.</font></font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(a)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Unless a majority
            of the Board of Directors, acting on behalf of the Corporation, consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another state
            court located within the State of Delaware or, if no court located within the State of Delaware has jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or
            proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation&#8217;s stockholders, (iii) any
            action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers or other employees arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws (in each case, as
            may be amended from time to time) or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers or other employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the State of Delaware, in all cases subject to the
            court&#8217;s having personal jurisdiction over all indispensible parties named as defendants.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(b)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">If any action the
            subject matter of which is within the scope of the immediately preceding clause (a) is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a &#8220;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Foreign Action</u></font>&#8221;) in
            the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to
            enforce the immediately preceding clause (a) (an &#8220;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><u>Enforcement Action</u></font>&#8221;) and (ii) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such Enforcement Action by service upon such
            stockholder&#8217;s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.</font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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        <div style="text-align: center;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-22-</font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ARTICLE XIII</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
        </font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br>
            <u>Severability</u></font></font></div>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">If any provision (or any part thereof) of these By-laws shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any
        reason whatsoever:&#160; (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of these By-laws (including, without limitation, each portion of any section of these By-laws containing
        any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of these
        By-laws (including, without limitation, each such portion containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed for the benefit of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law so as to (a) give
        effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, and (b) permit the Corporation to protect its directors, officers, employees and agents from personal liability in respect of their good faith service.&#160;
        Reference herein to laws, regulations or agencies shall be deemed to include all amendments thereof, substitutions therefor and successors thereto, as the case may be.</div>
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        <div style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">-23-</font></div>
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  <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt;">Exhibit 99.1</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
    </font> </div>
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    <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; width: 100%;" id="z548b635207604deb949c0ab181da0b88">

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            <td rowspan="2" style="width: 15%; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;" colspan="1"><img src="image1.jpg"></td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="width: 65%; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;">
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.</div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: 20%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><font style="font-weight: bold;">PRESS</font><br>
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            <td style="width: 20%; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1">
              <div><font style="font-weight: bold;">RELEASE</font><br>
              </div>
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                <div>
                  <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">1100 Alakea Street, Suite 500</div>
                  <font style="font-weight: normal;"> </font>
                  <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Honolulu, Hawaii 96813</div>
                  <font style="font-weight: normal;"> </font>
                  <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Telephone (808) 531-8400</div>
                  <font style="font-weight: normal;"> </font>
                  <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Fax (808) 531-7181</div>
                  <font style="font-weight: normal;"> </font>
                  <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Website:&#160; www.brninc.com</div>
                </div>
                <font style="font-weight: normal;"> </font></div>
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                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">CONTACT:</div>
                </td>
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                  <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Alexander C. Kinzler</div>
                </td>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 72pt;">Chief Executive Officer and President</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="margin-left: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt;">Russell M. Gifford</font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 72pt;">Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 72pt;">Tel: (808) 531-8400</div>
      <div>
        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin-left: 18pt;"><u>Barnwell Industries, Inc. Announces Planned CEO Succession</u></div>
        <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </font> </div>
        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CEO Alexander Kinzler to Transition CEO Leadership to Barnwell of Canada</div>
        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">President and COO Craig Hopkins</div>
        <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
          </font> </div>
        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Transition Aligned with Company&#8217;s New Focused Business Strategy</div>
      </div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <hr noshade="noshade" align="center" style="height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;">
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">HONOLULU, HAWAII, February 20, 2024 -- Barnwell Industries, Inc. (NYSE American: BRN) (&#8220;Barnwell&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;) is pleased
        to announce the CEO and President positions will transition from Alexander Kinzler to Craig Hopkins effective April 1, 2024. Mr. Kinzler has served as CEO of Barnwell since December 2016, having previously served in various senior leadership
        positions at the Company since December 1997, and having worked at the Company since 1984. Mr. Hopkins joined Barnwell affiliate Octavian Oil Ltd. (&#8220;Octavian&#8221;) in February 2017, and Barnwell of Canada (&#8220;BOC&#8221;) in July 2020, and currently serves as
        the President of Octavian and as BOC&#8217;s President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Kinzler will support the leadership transition<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>and will continue to contribute to Barnwell&#8217;s
        success as&#160; General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. On April 1, 2024, Mr. Kinzler also will become Executive Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors. Mr. Kinzler currently owns 939,500 shares of Barnwell&#8217;s common stock, representing
        approximately 9.2%<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>of the Company&#8217;s outstanding shares. Relatives of Mr. Kinzler&#8217;s own approximately 4% of the Company&#8217;s outstanding shares.</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">An engineer with close to 30 years of experience in project management, reservoir evaluation, infrastructure development, and
        energy production and operations, Mr. Hopkins is a proven leader with extensive energy company experience. Prior to joining Octavian and BOC, he held senior roles at energy companies of various sizes including Talisman Energy, Aspect Energy, Atlas
        Energy, and Crestar Energy. He started his career as a field production engineer with Canadian Occidental Petroleum.</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8220;With our stated plan to streamline our operations and sharpen our focus on our natural gas and oil assets, now is the right
        time to elevate Craig into the CEO role,&#8221; said Mr. Kinzler. &#8220;I fully support and welcome Craig as my successor. He has proven his capabilities at strong leadership and operational execution, and he has the right skill set and leadership qualities
        to implement the Company&#8217;s next phase of growth. It has been a privilege to lead Barnwell and be a part of our success over the last several decades.&#8221;</div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br>
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      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">As Executive Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">, </font>Mr. Kinzler will work closely with Mr. Hopkins to drive the Company&#8217;s growth by leveraging his longstanding knowledge of the Company&#8217;s operations, extensive experience in SEC reporting and other
        regulatory matters, and familiarity with Barnwell&#8217;s customers, shareholders, and other stakeholders. The current Chairman of the Board of Directors, Kenneth Grossman, will transition to the role of Vice Chairman.</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8220;I&#8217;m enthusiastic about Barnwell&#8217;s future prospects and am eager to get started as CEO,&#8221; said Mr. Hopkins. &#8220;I believe that the
        foundation of our energy platform is strong, and, under the strategic direction of our newly reconstituted Board of Directors, I look forward to streamlining our business and focusing our resources on the highest return on invested capital
        opportunities.&#8221;</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Added Mr. Hopkins, &#8220;In his 22<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</font>years leading and guiding
        the Company, including over seven years as CEO, Alex Kinzler has seen us through many volatile swings in the energy cycle, including through the depths of the Covid-19 pandemic. Alex was also instrumental in the Company&#8217;s tremendous success in its
        Hawaiian Land Investment Segment, where he will continue to play a key role. I have worked closely with Alex since joining the Company and am grateful for his support and guidance. On behalf of Barnwell&#8217;s employees and Board, I thank him for his
        contributions, commitment, and service as our CEO.&#8221;</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Forward-Looking Statements</div>
      <div><font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
        </font> </div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The information contained in this press release contains &#8220;forward-looking statements,&#8221; within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation
        Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. A forward-looking statement is one which is based on current expectations of future events or conditions
        and does not relate to historical or current facts. These statements include various estimates, forecasts, projections of Barnwell&#8217;s future performance, statements of Barnwell&#8217;s plans and objectives, and other similar statements. Forward-looking
        statements include phrases such as &#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;predicts,&#8221; &#8220;estimates,&#8221; &#8220;assumes,&#8221; &#8220;projects,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;will be,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; or similar expressions. Although Barnwell believes that its current
        expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, it cannot assure that the expectations contained in such forward-looking statements will be achieved. Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions which could cause actual
        results to differ materially from those contained in such statements. The risks, uncertainties and other factors that might cause actual results to differ materially from Barnwell&#8217;s expectations are set forth in the &#8220;Forward-Looking Statements,&#8221;
        &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; and other sections of Barnwell&#8217;s annual report on Form 10-K for the last fiscal year and Barnwell&#8217;s other filings with the SEC. Investors should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this press
        release, as they speak only as of the date of this press release, and Barnwell expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein.</div>
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        </font> </div>
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  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2004/ref" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2004/ref-2004-08-10.xsd" />
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" />
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd" />
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  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd" />
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</xs:schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>brn-20240219_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!--Generated by Broadridge PROfile 24.2.1.5221 Broadridge-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance">
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_CoverAbstract" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_CoverAbstract">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="WrittenCommunications" xlink:title="WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_WrittenCommunications" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_WrittenCommunications">Written Communications</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="SolicitingMaterial" xlink:title="SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_SolicitingMaterial">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:title="label: SolicitingMaterial to dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:title="PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:title="label: PreCommencementTenderOffer to dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:title="PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:title="label: PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer to dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="AmendmentFlag" xlink:title="AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_AmendmentFlag" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_AmendmentFlag">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:title="label: AmendmentFlag to dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:title="label: DocumentFiscalYearFocus to dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:title="label: DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus to dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:title="DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:title="label: DocumentPeriodEndDate to dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="EntityRegistrantName" xlink:title="EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityRegistrantName">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:title="label: EntityRegistrantName to dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="label: EntityCentralIndexKey to dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFileNumber" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFileNumber">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="label: EntityFileNumber to dei_EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:title="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:title="label: EntityTaxIdentificationNumber to dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:title="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:title="label: EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode to dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:title="CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:title="label: CurrentFiscalYearEndDate to dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:title="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine2 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:title="EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:title="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="EntityAddressCountry" xlink:title="EntityAddressCountry" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressCountry">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressCountry to dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:title="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressPostalZipCode to dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="CityAreaCode" xlink:title="CityAreaCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_CityAreaCode" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_CityAreaCode">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:title="label: CityAreaCode to dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:title="LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_LocalPhoneNumber">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:title="label: LocalPhoneNumber to dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="Security12bTitle" xlink:title="Security12bTitle" />
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<span style="display: none;">v3.24.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140145392073200">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 19, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 19,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--09-30<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-5103<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000010048<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">72-0496921<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">1100 Alakea Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Honolulu<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">HI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">96813<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">808<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">531-8400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.50 Par Value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">BRN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSEAMER<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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