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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The Bank of Glen Burnie (the “Bank”) provides financial services to individuals and corporate customers located in Anne Arundel County and surrounding areas of Central Maryland, and is subject to competition from other financial institutions. The Bank is also subject to the regulations of certain Federal and State of Maryland (the “State”) agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities. The accounting and financial reporting policies of the Bank conform, in all material respects, to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and to general practices within the banking industry. Significant accounting policies not disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements are as follows: Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Glen Burnie Bancorp and its subsidiaries, The Bank of Glen Burnie and GBB Properties, Inc., a company engaged in the acquisition and disposition of other real estate. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The Parent Only financial statements (see Note 19) of the Company account for the subsidiaries using the equity method of accounting. The Company determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Voting interest entities are entities, in which the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance itself independently and provides the equity holders with the obligation to absorb losses, the right to receive residual returns and the right to make decisions about the entity’s activities. The Company consolidates voting interest entities in which it has all, or at least a majority of, the voting interest. As defined in applicable accounting standards, variable interest entities (VIE’s) are entities that lack one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A controlling financial interest in an entity is present when an enterprise has a variable interest, or a combination of variable interest, that will absorb a majority of the entity’s expected losses, receive a majority of the entity’s expected residual returns, or both. The enterprise with a controlling financial interest, known as the primary beneficiary, consolidates the VIE. Accounting Standards Codification: The Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) became effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. At that date, the ASC became FASB’s officially recognized source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applicable to all public and non-public non-governmental entities, superseding existing FASB, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”), Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) and related literatures. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under the authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other accounting literature is considered non-authoritative. The switch to ASC affects the way companies refer to U.S. GAAP in financial statements and accounting policies. Citing particular content in the ASC involves specifying the unique numeric path to the content through the Topic, Subtopic, Section and Paragraph structure. Use of Estimates: The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted within the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Securities Held to Maturity: Bonds, notes, and debentures for which the Bank has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are reported at cost, adjusted for premiums and discounts that are recognized in interest income using the effective interest rate method over the period to maturity. Securities transferred into held to maturity from the available for sale portfolio are recorded at fair value at time of transfer with unrealized gains or losses reflected in equity and amortized over the remaining life of the security. Securities Available for Sale: Marketable debt securities not classified as held to maturity are classified as available for sale. Securities available for sale may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, loan demand, changes in prepayment risk, and other factors. Changes in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on securities available for sale are reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax. Realized gains (losses) on securities available for sale are included in other income (expense) and, when applicable, are reported as a reclassification adjustment, net of tax, in other comprehensive income. The gains and losses on securities sold are determined by the specific identification method. Premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the effective interest rate method over the period to maturity. Additionally, declines in the fair value of individual investment securities below their cost that are other than temporary are reflected as realized losses in the consolidated statements of income. Other Securities: Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Maryland Financial Bank (“MFB”) stocks are equity interests that do not necessarily have readily determinable fair values for purposes of the ASC Topic 320, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, because their ownership is restricted and they lack a market. FHLB stock can be sold back only at its par value of $100 per share and only to the FHLB or another member institution. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans are generally carried at the amount of unpaid principal, adjusted for deferred loan fees, which are amortized over the term of the loan using the effective interest rate method. Interest on loans is accrued based on the principal amounts outstanding. It is the Bank’s policy to discontinue the accrual of interest when a loan is specifically determined to be impaired or when principal or interest is delinquent for ninety days or more. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income. Interest income generally is not recognized on specific impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote. Cash collections on such loans are applied as reductions of the loan principal balance and no interest income is recognized on those loans until the principal balance has been collected. Interest income on other nonaccrual loans is recognized only to the extent of interest payments received. The carrying value of impaired loans is based on the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows or, alternatively, the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio and is based on the size and current risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, an assessment of individual problem loans and actual loss experience, current economic events in specific industries and geographical areas, including unemployment levels, and other pertinent factors, including regulatory guidance and general economic conditions. Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of current economic trends, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. Loan losses are charged off against the allowance, while recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited to the allowance. A provision for loan losses is charged to operations based on management’s periodic evaluation of the factors previously mentioned, as well as other pertinent factors. Evaluations are conducted at least quarterly and more often if deemed necessary. The allowance for loan losses typically consists of an allocated component and an unallocated component. The components of the allowance for loan losses represent an estimation done pursuant to either ASC Topic 450, Accounting for Contingencies, or ASC Topic 310, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. The allocated component of the allowance for loan losses reflects expected losses resulting from an analysis developed through specific credit allocations for individual loans and historical loss experience for each loan category. The specific credit allocations are based on regular analysis of all loans over a fixed-dollar amount where the internal credit rating is at or below a predetermined classification. The historical loan loss element is determined statistically using a loss migration analysis that examines loss experience over a current four year period and the related internal gradings of loans charged off. The loss migration analysis is performed quarterly and loss factors are updated regularly based on actual experience. The allocated component of the allowance for loan losses also includes consideration of concentrations and changes in portfolio mix and volume. Any unallocated portion of the allowance reflects management’s estimate of probable inherent but undetected losses within the portfolio due to uncertainties in economic conditions, delays in obtaining information, including unfavorable information about a borrower’s financial condition, the difficulty in identifying triggering events that correlate perfectly to subsequent loss rates, and risk factors that have not yet manifested themselves in loss allocation factors. In addition, the unallocated allowance includes a component that explicitly accounts for the inherent imprecision in loan loss migration models. The historical losses used in the migration analysis may not be representative of actual unrealized losses inherent in the portfolio. Reserve for Unfunded Commitments: The reserve for unfunded commitments is established through a provision for unfunded commitments charged to other expenses. The reserve is calculated by utilizing the same methodology and factors as the allowance for credit losses. The reserve, based on evaluations of the collectibiltiy of loans and prior loan loss experience, is an amount that management believes will be adequate to absorb possible losses on unfunded commitments (off-balance sheet financial instruments) that may become uncollectible in the future. Troubled Debt Restructurings: In situations where, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, management may grant a concession for other than insignificant period of time to the borrower that would not otherwise be considered, the related loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring. Management strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and work with them to modify to more affordable terms before their loan reaches non-accrual status. These modified terms may include rate reductions, principal forgiveness, payment forbearance and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral. Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”): OREO comprises properties acquired in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans. The properties are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value (appraised value less the estimated cost to sell) at the date acquired. Losses arising at the time of acquisition of such properties are charged against the allowance for credit losses. Subsequent write-downs that may be required and expenses of operation are included in other income or expenses. Gains and losses realized from the sale of OREO are included in other income or expenses. Loans converted to OREO through foreclosure proceedings totaled $74,400, $45,175, and $983,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. The Bank financed no sales of OREO for 2015, 2014, or 2013, respectively. Bank Premises and Equipment: Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The provision for depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of the terms of the leases or their estimated useful lives. Expenditures for improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated over the asset’s remaining useful life. Gains or losses realized on the disposition of premises and equipment are reflected in the consolidated statements of income. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to other expenses as incurred. Computer software is recorded at cost and amortized over three to five years. Long-Lived Assets: The carrying value of long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles, including goodwill, is reviewed by the Bank for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, as prescribed in ASC Topic 360, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Asset. As of December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, certain loans existed which management considered impaired (See Note 4). During the year ended December 31, 2013, management deemed certain investment securities were impaired and recorded an impairment loss on these securities (See Note 3). Income Taxes: The provision for Federal and state income taxes is based upon the results of operations, adjusted for tax-exempt income. Deferred income taxes are provided by applying enacted statutory tax rates to temporary differences between financial and taxable bases. Temporary differences which give rise to deferred tax benefits relate principally to accrued deferred compensation, accumulated impairment losses on investment securities, allowance for credit losses, non-accrual interest, unused alternative minimum tax credits, net unrealized depreciation on investment securities available for sale, accumulated depreciation, OREO, and reserve for unfunded commitments. Temporary differences which give rise to deferred tax liabilities relate principally to accumulated securities discount accretion and net unrealized appreciation on investment securities available for sale. Credit Risk: The Bank has unsecured deposits and Federal funds sold with several other financial institutions in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Bank has included cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions, and Federal funds sold as cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of reporting cash flows. Accounting for Stock Options: The Company follows ASC Topic 718, Share-Based Payments, for accounting and reporting for stock-based compensation plans. ASC Topic 718 defines a fair value at grant date based method of accounting for measuring compensation expense for stock-based plans to be recognized in the statement of income. Earnings per share: Basic earnings per common share are determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are calculated including the average dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. Dilutive common equivalent shares consist of stock options, calculated using the treasury stock method. Financial Statement Presentation: Certain amounts in the prior years’ financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

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