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Investments in Debt Securities Available For Sale
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments in Debt Securities Available For Sale

3. INVESTMENTS IN DEBT SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE

 

Investments in debt securities available for sale of $7,985,886 and $14,257,998 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, consist of corporate debt securities. These investments are valued at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive loss.

 

Investments in debt securities available for sale are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in their value is other than temporary. The term “other than temporary” is not intended to indicate a permanent decline in value. Rather, it means that the prospects for near term recovery of value are not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support fair values equal to, or greater than, the carrying value of the security. Management reviews criteria such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, as well as the reasons for the decline, to predict whether the loss in value is other than temporary. Once a decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, the value of the security is reduced and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized.

 

A summary of the cost, fair value and maturities of the Company’s short-term investments is as follows:

 

    December 31, 2019     December 31, 2018  
    Cost     Fair Value     Cost     Fair Value  
Short-term investments                                
Corporate debt securities   $ 7,943,108     $ 7,985,886     $ 14,228,126     $ 14,257,998  
Total   $ 7,943,108     $ 7,985,886     $ 14,228,126     $ 14,257,998  

 

    December 31, 2019     December 31, 2018  
    Cost     Fair Value     Cost     Fair Value  
Short-term investment maturities                                
Within 3 months   $ 7,943,108     $ 7,985,886     $ 5,383,488     $ 5,393,743  
Between 3-12 months     -       -       8,844,638       8,864,255  
Total   $ 7,943,108     $ 7,985,886     $ 14,228,126     $ 14,257,998  

 

The following table shows the Company’s investment in debt securities available for sale gross unrealized gains (losses) and fair value by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2019 and 2018. The Company has reviewed individual securities to determine whether a decline in fair value below the amortizable cost basis is other than temporary.

 

    December 31, 2019     December 31, 2018  
Available for sale securities (all unrealized holding gains and losses are less than 12 months at date of measurement)   Fair Value    

Unrealized

Holding

Gains

(Losses)

     Fair Value    

Unrealized

Holding

Gains

(Losses)

  
                         
Investments in debt securities with unrealized gains   $ 7,985,886     $ 42,778     $ 7,515,676     $ 38,068  
Investments in debt securities with unrealized losses     -       -       6,742,322       (8,196 )
Total   $ 7,985,886     $ 42,778     $ 14,257,998     $ 29,872  

 

Investment income, which includes net realized losses on sales of available for sale securities and investment income interest and dividends, is summarized as follows:

 

    2019     2018  
Interest and dividends accrued and paid   $ 442,987     $ 363,846  
Realized gains (losses)     57,895       (10,164 )
Investment income net   $ 500,882     $ 353,682