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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of Stock Options Awards and Restricted Stock Grants

A summary of stock option awards and restricted stock grants, inclusive of awards granted under the 2018 Stock Plan and Inducement Option Grants for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 is presented below.

 

   Stock Options   Restricted Stock Awards  

Weighted

Average

 
  

Options

Outstanding

  

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

  

Non-vested

Restricted

Stock

Outstanding

  

Weighted

Average

Grant

Date

Fair Value

  

Contractual

Terms of

Equity

Awards

(in years)

 
Equity awards outstanding at January 1, 2024   1,063,482   $2.62    32,100   $1.23      
                          
Equity awards granted   929,335   $1.13    25,000   $1.06      
                          
Equity Awards vested and issued   -    -    (12,100)  $1.84      
                          
Equity awards terminated   (460,378)  $1.58    (20,000)  $0.88      
                          
Equity awards outstanding at September 30, 2024   1,532,439   $2.02    25,000   $1.06    9.0 
                          
Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding equity awards at September 30, 2024  $27,548                     
                          
Equity awards exercisable at September 30 2024   887,894   $2.62              8.5 
                          
Aggregate intrinsic value of equity awards exercisable at September 30, 2024  $14,958                     
Schedule of Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Options Granted

The fair values of stock options granted were estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model was originally developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which have different characteristics from the Company’s stock options. The model is also sensitive to changes in assumptions, which can materially affect the fair value estimate. The Company used the following assumptions for determining the fair value of options granted under the Black-Scholes option pricing model:

 

  

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
   2024   2023 
Risk-free interest rate   3.72 to 4.31%   3.72%
Expected volatility   101.74 to 115.81%   107.03 to 113.64%
Expected life (in years)   9.0 to 10.0    9.0 to 10.0 
Expected dividend yield   0.0%   0.0%