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Income Taxes | 6 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
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Nov. 30, 2025 | Dec. 31, 2025 | May 31, 2025
Income Taxes [Line Items] |  |  |
INCOME TAXES |  | 11. INCOME TAXES The Company and its subsidiaries file tax returns separately. Income taxes Cayman Islands: under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, the Company and its subsidiaries in the Cayman Islands are not subject to taxes on their income and capital gains. Hong Kong: in accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations of Hong Kong, a company registered in Hong Kong is subject to income taxes within Hong Kong at the applicable tax rate on taxable income. In March 2018, the Hong Kong Government introduced a two-tiered profit tax rate regime by enacting the Inland Revenue (Amendment) (No.3) Ordinance 2018 (the “Ordinance”). Under the two-tiered profits tax rate regime, the first $2 million of assessable profits of qualifying corporations is taxed at 8.25% and the remaining assessable profits at 16.5%. The Ordinance is effective from the year of assessment 2018-2019. According to the policy, if no election has been made, the whole of the taxpaying entity’s assessable profits will be chargeable to Profits Tax at the rate of 16.5% or 15%, as applicable. Because the preferential tax treatment is not elected by the Group, all the subsidiaries registered in Hong Kong are subject to income tax at a rate of 16.5%. The subsidiaries registered in Hong Kong did not have assessable profits that were derived Hong Kong during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Therefore, no Hong Kong profit tax has been provided for in the periods presented. Our returns for 2019 and subsequent tax years remain subject to examination by Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department. United Kingdom: in accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations of United Kingdom, a company registered in the United Kingdom is subject to income taxes within United Kingdom at the applicable tax rate on taxable income. All the United Kingdom subsidiaries that are not entitled to any tax holiday were subject to income tax at a rate of 19%. The subsidiary in United Kingdom did not have assessable profits that were derived from United Kingdom during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Therefore, no United Kingdom profit tax has been provided for in the periods presented. Our returns for 2021 and subsequent tax years remain subject to examination by the UK tax authority. Singapore: in accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations of Singapore, a company registered in the Singapore is subject to income taxes within Singapore at the applicable tax rate on taxable income. All the Singapore subsidiaries that are not entitled to any tax holiday were subject to income tax at a rate of 17%. The subsidiary in Singapore did not have assessable profits that were derived from Singapore during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Therefore, no Singapore profit tax has been provided for in the periods presented. Our returns for 2021 and subsequent tax years remain subject to examination by the Singapore tax authority. United States (Nevada): in accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations of the United States, a company registered in the United States is subject to income taxes within the United States at the applicable tax rate on taxable income. All the United States subsidiaries in Nevada that are not entitled to any tax holiday were subject to income tax at a rate of 21%. The subsidiary in the United States did not have assessable profits that were derived from the United States during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Therefore, no United States profit tax has been provided for in the periods presented. Our returns for 2022 and subsequent tax years remain subject to examination by Internal Revenue Service. Income/(loss) before income tax expense is attributable to the following geographic locations:
|  | Year ended December 31, 2025 |  | Year ended December 31, 2024 |  | Year ended December 31, 2023
Hong Kong |  | $ | (1,409,614 | ) |  | $ | (3,944,692 | ) |  | $ | (1,297,897 | )
Singapore |  |  | 111,972 |  |  |  | (252,611 | ) |  |  | (2,956,296 | )
Other jurisdictions |  |  | (78,788 | ) |  |  | 39,566 |  |  |  | (86,782 | )
Loss before income tax expense |  | $ | (1,376,430 | ) |  |  | (4,157,737 | ) |  |  | (4,340,975 | )
For the year ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, there was no current income tax expense and deferred income tax expense. The reconciliation of income taxes expenses computed at the Hong Kong statutory tax rate applicable to income tax expense is as follows:
|  | Year ended December 31, 2025 |  |  |  | Year ended December 31, 2024 |  |  |  | Year ended December 31, 2023 |  |
Net loss before tax |  | $ | (1,376,430 | ) |  | 100 | % |  | $ | (4,157,737 | ) |  | 100 | % |  | $ | (4,340,975 | ) |  | 100 | %
Hongkong statutory income tax rate |  |  | 16.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 16.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 16.5 | % |  |  |
Provision for income tax benefit at Hong Kong statutory income tax rate (16.5%) |  |  | (227,110 | ) |  | 16.5 | % |  |  | (686,027 | ) |  | 16.5 | % |  |  | (716,261 | ) |  | 16.5 | %
Domestic tax effects |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-taxable interest income |  |  | (13,907 | ) |  | 1.0 | % |  |  | (5,477 | ) |  | 0.1 | % |  |  | (1,071,774 | ) |  | 24.7 | %
Non-deductible expenses |  |  | — |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 195 |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 98,704 |  |  | (2.3 | )%
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 223,918 |  |  | (16.3 | )% |  |  | 702,123 |  |  | (16.9 | )% |  |  | 1,705,603 |  |  | (39.3 | )%
Foreign tax effects |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cayman |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
– Statutory tax rate diﬀerence between Cayman and Hong Kong |  |  | 16,128 |  |  | (1.2 | )% |  |  | (9,191 | ) |  | 0.2 | % |  |  | (5,078 | ) |  | 0.1 | %
Other foreign jurisdictions |  |  | 917 |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | (1,623 | ) |  | 0.1 | % |  |  | (11,185 | ) |  | 0.3 | %
Effective income tax expense |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |
Income taxes paid by jurisdiction is as follows:
|  | Year ended December 31, 2025 |  | Year ended December 31, 2024 |  | Year ended December 31, 2023
Hong Kong |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | —
Singapore |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | —
Other jurisdictions |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | —
Total income taxes paid |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  | —
Deferred tax asset, net Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purpose and the tax bases used for income tax purpose. The following represents the tax effect of each major type of temporary difference.
|  | December 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Deferred tax asset: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net operating losses carryforwards |  | $ | 15,365,786 |  |  | $ | 15,107,318 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 86,843 |  |  |  | 128,896 |
Impairment loss on assets |  |  | 537,830 |  |  |  | 537,830 |
Total Deferred tax asset |  |  | 15,990,459 |  |  |  | 15,774,044 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (15,990,459 | ) |  |  | (15,774,044 | )
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Group had net operating losses carryforwards of $93,107,417 and $91,436,307, respectively, including its Hong Kong, Singapore, the United States, and the United Kingdom operations, which are available to reduce future taxable income and have an unlimited carryover period. For the year ended December 31, 2025, there was no net operating losses carryforwards expired, while net operating losses carryforwards of $39,489 was cancelled due to the disposal of various subsidiaries. Valuation allowance was provided against deferred tax assets in entities where it was determined, it was more likely than not that the benefits of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Group had deferred tax assets which consisted of net operating losses carryforwards, which can be carried forward to offset future taxable income. The Group maintains a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets. The management determines it is more likely than not that all of its deferred tax assets will not be utilized. Changes in valuation allowance are as follows:
|  | December 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Balance as of January 1 |  | $ | 15,774,044 |  |  | $ | 17,407,156 |  |  | 15,705,088 |
Additions |  |  | 223,918 |  |  |  | 702,123 |  |  | 1,705,603 |
Disposal |  |  | (7,503 | ) |  |  | (2,335,235 | ) |  | (3,535 | )
Balance as of December 31 |  | $ | 15,990,459 |  |  | $ | 15,774,044 |  |  | 17,407,156 |
Uncertain tax position The Group evaluates each uncertain tax position (including the potential application of interest and penalties) based on the technical merits, and measure the unrecognized benefits associated with the tax positions. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Group did not have any unrecognized uncertain tax positions. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not incur any interest and penalties related to potential underpaid income tax expenses. |
DiamiR Biosciences Corp. [Member] |  |  |
Income Taxes [Line Items] |  |  |
INCOME TAXES | NOTE 11 — INCOME TAXES As of November 30, 2025 and May 31, 2025, the Company’s net deferred tax assets consisted primarily of research and development expenses and stock compensation A valuation allowance has been provided against its net deferred tax assets as, based on all available evidence, it is considered more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. Uncertain tax positions are evaluated based on the facts and circumstances that exist at each reporting period. Subsequent changes in judgment based upon new information may lead to changes in recognition, derecognition, and measurement. Adjustment may result, for example, upon resolution of an issue with the taxing authorities or expiration of a statute of limitations barring an assessment for an issue. The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more-likely-than-not that it will be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. Income tax expense in the six months ended November 30, 2024 reflects increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to current deductions for certain funded research and development expenses subject to interpretations of applicable tax law, in excess of available net operating carryforwards. Income tax expense in the six months ended November 30, 2025 reflects the reversal of prior-period provisions for such unrecognized tax benefits. On July 4, 2025, H.R.1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted in the United States. The OBBB eliminates the requirement under Internal Revenue Code Section 174 to capitalize and amortize U.S.-based research and experimental expenditures over five years, making these expenditures fully deductible in the period incurred, among other provisions. |  | NOTE 12 — INCOME TAXES For the years ended May 31, 2025 and 2024, the provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 16,483 |  | $ | 112,947
State |  |  | 1,456 |  |  | 1,456
Total current |  |  | 17,939 |  |  | 114,403
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | — |  |  | —
State |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total deferred |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | $ | 17,939 |  | $ | 114,403
For the years ended May 31, 2025 and 2024, a reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate to the statutory U.S. Federal rate is as follows:
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
Income taxes at Federal statutory rate |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
Discounts and interest on notes |  | (2.4 | )% |  | (2.1 | )%
Financing costs |  | (4.3 | )% |  | — | %
State taxes |  | — | % |  | (4.2 | )%
Other |  | (2.3 | )% |  | (1.2 | )%
Change in valuation allowance |  | (14.3 | )% |  | (36.3 | )%
Income tax provision |  | (2.3 | )% |  | (22.9 | )%
The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following at May 31, 2025 and 2024:
|  | May 31, 2025 |  | May 31, 2024
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax benefit of net operating loss carry-forward (NOL) |  | $ | 351,453 |  |  | $ | 247,637 |
FIN48 reduction in NOL |  |  | (269,420 | ) |  |  | (219,793 | )
Stock compensation |  |  | 351,136 |  |  |  | 346,030 |
Research and development expenses |  |  | 422,170 |  |  |  | 372,544 |
Other |  |  | 1,152 |  |  |  | 2,432 |
Total deferred tax assets: |  |  | 856,490 |  |  |  | 748,850 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  | (8,152 | ) |  |  | (4,583 | )
Net deferred tax assets: |  |  | 848,338 |  |  |  | 744,267 |
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets |  |  | (848,338 | ) |  |  | (744,267 | )
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
As of May 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards available to reduce future taxable income of approximately $1,541,000 and $1,047,000, respectively. As of May 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had state NOL carryforwards of approximately $392,000 and $392,000, respectively. Federal NOLs of approximately $165,000 will begin to expire in 2025 and remaining Federal NOLs have an indefinite expiration period and can be utilized to offset up to 80% of future taxable income. State loss carryforwards expire between 2036 and 2044. When realization of the deferred tax asset is more likely than not to occur, the benefit related to the deductible temporary differences attributable to operations is recognized as a reduction of income tax expense. Valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets when, based on all available evidence, it is considered more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. The Company’s valuation allowance increased by $104,071 and $181,606 in the years ended May 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Uncertain tax positions are evaluated based on the facts and circumstances that exist at each reporting period. Subsequent changes in judgment based upon new information may lead to changes in recognition, derecognition, and measurement. Adjustment may result, for example, upon resolution of an issue with the taxing authorities or expiration of a statute of limitations barring an assessment for an issue. The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more-likely-than-not that it will be sustained upon examination by tax authorities.
Unrecognized tax benefits, May 31, 2023 |  | $ | 217,239
Gross increases – tax positions in current period |  |  | 155,305
Unrecognized tax benefits, May 31, 2024 |  |  | 372,544
Gross increases – tax positions in current period |  |  | 49,626
Unrecognized tax benefits, May 31, 2025 |  | $ | 422,170
The gross increase in unrecognized tax benefits in the years ended May 31, 2024 and 2025 relate to expected current deductions for certain funded research and development expenses subject to interpretations of applicable tax law, in excess of available net operating carryforwards. Future changes in the unrecognized tax benefits would affect the Company’s effective tax rate. In the absence of changes in related rulings or regulations, the Company does not anticipate any such change over the next 12 months. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of May 31, 2025 and 2024, accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions amounted to $20,483 and $4,000, respectively. The Company and its subsidiary are subject to U.S. federal and state income tax, and in the normal course of business, its income tax returns are subject to examination by the relevant taxing authorities. As of May 31, 2025, the 2017 to 2025 tax years remained subject to examination.

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