10-Q 1 artw20200531_10q.htm FORM 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the quarterly period ended May 31, 2020

or

☐ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission File No. 000-05131

ART’S-WAY MANUFACTURING CO., INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE | 42-0920725
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

5556 Highway 9 Armstrong, Iowa 50514
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(712) 864-3131

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock $.01 par value | ARTW | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒ | Smaller reporting company ☒
| Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of common shares outstanding as of July 1, 2020: 4,426,691

Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Index

|  | Page No.
PART I – | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 1
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets May 31, 2020 and November 30, 2019 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Three-month and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity Three-month and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Six-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 | 4
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement | 5
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 26
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 26
PART II – | OTHER INFORMATION | 27
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 27
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 27
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 27
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 27
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 27
Item 5. | Other Information | 27
Item 6. | Exhibits | 28
| SIGNATURES | 29

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ART’S-WAY MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

|  | (Unaudited) May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  | $ | 2,948 |  |  | $ | 3,145 |
Accounts receivable-customers, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $33,428 and $22,925 in 2020 and 2019, respectively |  |  | 2,153,391 |  |  |  | 1,679,975 |
Inventories, net |  |  | 9,532,711 |  |  |  | 8,778,507 |
Cost and profit in excess of billings |  |  | 161,715 |  |  |  | 726,667 |
Net investment in sales-type leases, current |  |  | 77,607 |  |  |  | 148,005 |
Other current assets |  |  | 213,272 |  |  |  | 70,931 |
Total current assets |  |  | 12,141,644 |  |  |  | 11,407,230 |
Property, plant, and equipment, net |  |  | 5,396,829 |  |  |  | 5,362,907 |
Assets held for lease, net |  |  | 622,065 |  |  |  | 713,782 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 2,118,465 |  |  |  | 1,786,048 |
Net investment in sales-type leases, long-term |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,782 |
Other assets |  |  | 100,608 |  |  |  | 71,189 |
Total assets |  | $ | 20,379,611 |  |  | $ | 19,346,938 |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 1,197,192 |  |  | $ | 1,205,313 |
Customer deposits |  |  | 225,312 |  |  |  | 105,363 |
Billings in excess of cost and profit |  |  | 268,361 |  |  |  | 88,931 |
Income taxes payable |  |  | 6,400 |  |  |  | 6,400 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 1,211,753 |  |  |  | 1,132,826 |
Line of credit |  |  | 3,130,530 |  |  |  | 2,578,530 |
Current portion of long-term debt |  |  | 87,909 |  |  |  | 85,401 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 6,127,457 |  |  |  | 5,202,764 |
Long-term liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities |  |  | 22,775 |  |  |  | - |
Long-term debt, excluding current portion |  |  | 3,548,494 |  |  |  | 2,350,592 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 9,698,726 |  |  |  | 7,553,356 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Undesignated preferred stock - $0.01 par value. Authorized 500,000 shares in 2020 and 2019; issued 0 shares in 2020 and 2019. |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Common stock – $0.01 par value. Authorized 9,500,000 shares in 2020 and 2019; issued 4,464,837 in 2020 and 4,321,087 in 2019 |  |  | 44,648 |  |  |  | 43,211 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 3,401,402 |  |  |  | 3,250,087 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 7,308,429 |  |  |  | 8,547,342 |
Treasury stock, at cost (33,313 in 2020 and 18,842 in 2019 shares) |  |  | (73,594 | ) |  |  | (47,058 | )
Total stockholders’ equity |  |  | 10,680,885 |  |  |  | 11,793,582 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 20,379,611 |  |  | $ | 19,346,938 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. |

1

ART’S-WAY MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |  |  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |
Sales |  | $ | 5,445,732 |  |  | $ | 5,747,256 |  |  | $ | 10,471,656 |  |  | $ | 9,871,482 |
Cost of goods sold |  |  | 4,451,016 |  |  |  | 4,788,261 |  |  |  | 8,499,779 |  |  |  | 8,307,644 |
Gross profit |  |  | 994,716 |  |  |  | 958,995 |  |  |  | 1,971,877 |  |  |  | 1,563,838 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Engineering |  |  | 122,593 |  |  |  | 116,773 |  |  |  | 232,445 |  |  |  | 263,986 |
Selling |  |  | 401,224 |  |  |  | 397,270 |  |  |  | 856,908 |  |  |  | 740,617 |
General and administrative |  |  | 1,395,515 |  |  |  | 814,465 |  |  |  | 2,276,837 |  |  |  | 1,651,371 |
Total expenses |  |  | 1,919,332 |  |  |  | 1,328,508 |  |  |  | 3,366,190 |  |  |  | 2,655,974 |
Income (Loss) from operations |  |  | (924,616 | ) |  |  | (369,513 | ) |  |  | (1,394,313 | ) |  |  | (1,092,136 | )
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | (77,246 | ) |  |  | (100,402 | ) |  |  | (160,520 | ) |  |  | (185,441 | )
Other |  |  | 4,698 |  |  |  | 11,092 |  |  |  | 13,897 |  |  |  | 37,915 |
Total other income (expense) |  |  | (72,548 | ) |  |  | (89,310 | ) |  |  | (146,623 | ) |  |  | (147,526 | )
Income (Loss) before income taxes |  |  | (997,164 | ) |  |  | (458,823 | ) |  |  | (1,540,936 | ) |  |  | (1,239,662 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) |  |  | (195,444 | ) |  |  | (102,781 | ) |  |  | (302,023 | ) |  |  | (277,688 | )
Net Income (Loss) |  |  | (801,720 | ) |  |  | (356,042 | ) |  |  | (1,238,913 | ) |  |  | (961,974 | )
Net Income (Loss) per share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic Net Income (Loss) per share |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | (0.08 | ) |  | $ | (0.28 | ) |  | $ | (0.23 | )
Diluted Net Income (Loss) per share |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | (0.08 | ) |  | $ | (0.28 | ) |  | $ | (0.23 | )
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute basic net income per share |  |  | 4,401,754 |  |  |  | 4,299,289 |  |  |  | 4,358,982 |  |  |  | 4,272,532 |
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute diluted net income per share |  |  | 4,401,754 |  |  |  | 4,299,289 |  |  |  | 4,358,982 |  |  |  | 4,272,532 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

ART’S-WAY MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
Six Months Ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019
(Unaudited)

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  |  |  |
|  | Number of shares |  |  | Par value |  |  | paid-in capital |  |  | Retained earnings |  |  | Number of shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Total |
Balance, November 30, 2018 |  |  | 4,225,050 |  |  | $ | 42,250 |  |  | $ | 3,055,632 |  |  | $ | 9,966,928 |  |  |  | 9,286 |  |  | $ | (27,735 | ) |  | $ | 13,037,075 |
Stock based compensation |  |  | 84,537 |  |  |  | 846 |  |  |  | 118,598 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,493 |  |  |  | (10,820 | ) |  |  | 108,624 |
Net (loss) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (961,974 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (961,974 | )
Balance, May 31, 2019 |  |  | 4,309,587 |  |  |  | 43,096 |  |  |  | 3,174,230 |  |  |  | 9,004,954 |  |  |  | 14,779 |  |  |  | (38,555 | ) |  |  | 12,183,725 |

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  |  |  |
|  | Number of shares |  |  | Par value |  |  | paid-in capital |  |  | Retained earnings |  |  | Number of shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Total |
Balance, November 30, 2019 |  |  | 4,321,087 |  |  | $ | 43,211 |  |  | $ | 3,250,087 |  |  | $ | 8,547,342 |  |  |  | 18,842 |  |  | $ | (47,058 | ) |  | $ | 11,793,582 |
Stock based compensation |  |  | 143,750 |  |  |  | 1,437 |  |  |  | 151,315 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 14,471 |  |  |  | (26,536 | ) |  |  | 126,216 |
Net (loss) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,238,913 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,238,913 | )
Balance, May 31, 2020 |  |  | 4,464,837 |  |  |  | 44,648 |  |  |  | 3,401,402 |  |  |  | 7,308,429 |  |  |  | 33,313 |  |  |  | (73,594 | ) |  |  | 10,680,885 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

ART’S-WAY MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended |
|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |
Cash flows from operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | (1,238,913 | ) |  | $ | (961,974 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock based compensation |  |  | 152,752 |  |  |  | 119,444 |
(Gain) Loss on disposal of property, plant, and equipment |  |  | 8,306 |  |  |  | (10,303 | )
Depreciation and amortization expense |  |  | 459,436 |  |  |  | 549,333 |
Bad debt expense |  |  | 10,478 |  |  |  | 3,673 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | (332,417 | ) |  |  | (279,536 | )
Changes in assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Increase) decrease in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | (483,894 | ) |  |  | (1,134,324 | )
Inventories |  |  | (754,204 | ) |  |  | 151,839 |
Net investment in sales-type leases |  |  | 76,180 |  |  |  | 53,436 |
Other assets |  |  | (142,341 | ) |  |  | (141,018 | )
Increase (decrease) in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  |  | (8,121 | ) |  |  | 133,974 |
Contracts in progress, net |  |  | 744,382 |  |  |  | 732,952 |
Customer deposits |  |  | 119,949 |  |  |  | 366,654 |
Income taxes payable |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2,545 | )
Accrued expenses |  |  | 69,630 |  |  |  | (97,669 | )
Net cash (used in) operating activities |  |  | (1,318,777 | ) |  |  | (516,064 | )
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment |  |  | (412,294 | ) |  |  | (186,215 | )
Net proceeds from sale of assets |  |  | 5,000 |  |  |  | 893,713 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  |  | (407,294 | ) |  |  | 707,498 |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change in line of credit |  |  | 552,000 |  |  |  | 94,000 |
Proceeds from term debt |  |  | 1,242,900 |  |  |  | - |
Repayment of term debt |  |  | (42,490 | ) |  |  | (273,725 | )
Repurchases of common stock |  |  | (26,536 | ) |  |  | (10,820 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  |  | 1,725,874 |  |  |  | (190,545 | )
Net increase (decrease) in cash |  |  | (197 | ) |  |  | 889 |
Cash at beginning of period |  |  | 3,145 |  |  |  | 3,512 |
Cash at end of period |  | $ | 2,948 |  |  | $ | 4,401 |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest |  | $ | 138,280 |  |  | $ | 170,992 |
Income taxes |  | $ | 30,394 |  |  | $ | 3,855 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

| 1) | Description of the Company

Unless otherwise specified, as used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Art’s-Way,” and the “Company” refer to Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation headquartered in Armstrong, Iowa, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The Company began operations as a farm equipment manufacturer in 1956. Since that time, it has become a major worldwide manufacturer of agricultural equipment. Its principal manufacturing plant is located in Armstrong, Iowa.

The Company has organized its business into three operating segments. Management separately evaluates the financial results of each segment because each is a strategic business unit offering different products and requiring different technology and marketing strategies. The Agricultural Products segment manufactures and sells farm equipment and related replacement parts under the Art’s-Way Manufacturing label and private labels. The Modular Buildings segment manufactures and installs modular buildings for animal containment and various laboratory uses, and the Tools segment manufactures steel cutting tools and inserts.

| 2) | Summary of Significant Account ing Policies

Statement Presentation

The foregoing condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and operating results for the interim periods. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2019. The results of operations for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending November 30, 2020.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the three and six months ended May 31, 2020. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer and recognized when the Company satisfies the performance obligation specified in each contract. The major sources of revenue for the Agricultural Products and Tools segments are farm equipment, service parts related to farm equipment and steel cutting tools and inserts. The Agricultural Products and Tools segments generally execute short-term contracts that contain a single performance obligation – the delivery of product to the common carrier. The Company recognizes revenue for the production and sale of farm equipment, service parts and cutting tools upon shipment of the goods. Shipment of the goods is the point in time when risk of ownership and title pass to the buyer. All sales are made to authorized dealers whose application for dealer status has been approved and who have been informed of general sales policies. Any changes in the Company’s terms are documented in the most recently published price lists. Pricing is fixed and determinable according to the Company’s published equipment and parts price lists. Title to all equipment and parts sold passes to the buyer upon delivery to the carrier and is not subject to a customer acceptance provision. Proof of the passing of title is documented by the signing of the delivery receipt by a representative of the carrier. Post shipment obligations are limited to any claim with respect to the condition of the equipment or parts. The Agricultural Products and Tools segments each typically require payment in full 30 days after the ship date. To take advantage of program discounts, some customers pay deposits up front. Any deposits received are considered unearned revenue and increase contract liabilities.

5

In certain circumstances, upon the customer’s written request, the Company may recognize revenue when production is complete, and the goods are ready for shipment. At the buyer’s request, the Company will bill the buyer upon completing all performance obligations, but before shipment. The buyer dictates that the Company ship the goods per its direction from the Company’s manufacturing facility, as is customary with this type of agreement, in order to minimize shipping costs. The written agreement with the customer specifies that the goods will be delivered on a schedule to be determined by the customer, with a final specified delivery date, and that the Company will segregate the goods from its inventory, such that they are not available to fill other orders. This agreement also specifies that the buyer is required to purchase all goods manufactured under this agreement. Title of the goods will pass to the buyer when the goods are complete and ready for shipment, per the customer agreement. At the transfer of title, all risks of ownership have passed to the buyer, and the buyer agrees to maintain insurance on the manufactured items that have not yet been shipped. The Company has operated using bill and hold agreements with certain customers for many years, with consistent satisfactory results for both buyer and seller. The credit terms on this agreement are consistent with the credit terms on all other sales. All risks of loss are shouldered by the buyer, and there are no exceptions to the buyer’s commitment to accept and pay for these manufactured goods.

The Modular Buildings segment is in the construction industry with its major source of revenue arising from modular building sales. Sales of modular buildings are generally recognized using input methods to measure progress towards the satisfaction of a performance obligation using the percentage of completion method. Revenue and gross profit are recognized as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred and total estimated costs at completion. Contract costs consist of direct costs on contracts, including labor, materials, amounts payable to subcontractors and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as equipment costs, insurance and employee benefits. Contract cost is recorded as incurred, and revisions in contract revenues and cost estimates are reflected in the accounting period when known. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined. Contract losses are recognized when current estimates of total contract revenue and contract cost indicate a loss. Estimated contract costs include any and all costs appropriately allocable to the contract. The provision for these contract losses will be the excess of estimated contract costs over estimated contract revenues. Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, including those changes arising from contract change orders, penalty provisions and final contract settlements may result in revisions to costs and income and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. The Company uses significant judgements in determining estimated contract costs and completion percentages throughout the life of the project. Stock modular building sales also occur and are recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation is fulfilled through substantial completion. Substantial completion is achieved through customer acceptance of the completed building. The Modular Buildings segment executes contracts with customers that can be short- or long-term in nature. These contracts can have multiple performance obligations and revenue from these can be recognized over time or at a point in time depending on the nature of the contracts. Payment terms for the Modular Buildings segment vary by contract, but typically utilize money down and progress payments throughout the life of the contract. The payment terms of the Modular Buildings segment have the most impact on the Company’s contract receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities. Project invoicing from the Modular Buildings segment increases contract receivables and has an effect on contract liabilities through billings in excess of costs and estimated gross profit and advanced payments. The balance of contract assets is typically made up of the balance of costs in and estimated gross profit in excess of billings. Costs and profit in excess of amounts billed are classified as current assets and billings in excess of cost and profit are classified as current liabilities.

6

The Company leases modular buildings to certain customers and accounts for these transactions as operating or sales-type leases. These leases have terms of up to 36 months and are collateralized by a security interest in the related modular building. On sales-type leases, the lessee has a bargain purchase option available at the end of the lease term. A minimum lease receivable is recorded net of unearned interest income and profit on sale at the time the building is substantially complete. Profit related to the sale of the building is recorded upon fulfillment of the Company’s obligation to the lessee. On operating leases, the Company recognizes rent when the lessee has all the rights and benefits of ownership of the asset.

The Agricultural Products segment offers variable consideration in the form of discounts depending on participation in yearly early order programs. This variable consideration is allocated to the transaction price of all products in a sales arrangement and is not contingent on future outcomes. The Agricultural Products segment does not offer rebates or credits. The Tools segment offers quantity discounts that are allocated to the transaction price of each product once the quantity break is achieved. The Tools segment does not offer rebates or credits. The Modular Buildings segment does not offer discounts, rebates or credits.

The Company’s returns policy allows for new and saleable parts to be returned, subject to inspection and a restocking charge, which is included in net sales. Whole goods are not returnable. Shipping costs charged to customers are included in net sales. Freight costs incurred are included in cost of goods sold. Customer deposits consist of advance payments from customers, in the form of cash, for revenue to be recognized in the following year.

For information on product warranty as it applies to ASC 606, refer to Note 9 “Product Warranty.”

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

7

Leases

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” which requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on its balance sheet for all leases with terms of 12 months or greater. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. The Company adopted this guidance for fiscal 2020 using the modified retrospective approach, including interim periods within that reporting period. Under the modified retrospective approach, the Company did not adjust prior comparative periods. The Company has a moderate amount of leasing activity mainly as the lessee of office equipment and as the lessor of modular rental buildings. As a result of adoption, the Company recognized $34,316 as a right-of-use asset and $34,316 of lease liabilities on the balance sheet for office equipment it leases. The Company’s activity as a lessor will remain mostly unaffected by this guidance. The Company’s additional disclosures may include, but are not limited to:

| ● | Nature of its leases

| ● | Significant assumptions and judgements used

| ● | Information about leases that have not yet commenced

| ● | Related-party lease transactions

| ● | Accounting policy election regarding short-term leases

| ● | Finance, operating, short-term and variable lease costs

| ● | Maturity analysis of operating lease payments, lease receivables and lease obligations

| ● | Tabular disclosure of lease-related income

| ● | Components of the net investment in a lease

| ● | Information on the management of risk associated with residual asset

| 3) | Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table displays revenue by reportable segment from external customers, disaggregated by major source. The Company believes disaggregating by these categories depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

|  | Three Months Ended May 31, 2020 |
|  | Agricultural |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Total |
Farm equipment |  | $ | 2,299,000 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,299,000 |
Farm equipment service parts |  |  | 669,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 669,000 |
Steel cutting tools and inserts |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 570,000 |  |  |  | 570,000 |
Modular buildings |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,633,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,633,000 |
Modular building lease income |  |  | - |  |  |  | 163,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 163,000 |
Other |  |  | 103,000 |  |  |  | 3,000 |  |  |  | 6,000 |  |  |  | 112,000 |
|  | $ | 3,071,000 |  |  | $ | 1,799,000 |  |  | $ | 576,000 |  |  | $ | 5,446,000 |

|  | Three Months Ended May 31, 2019 |
|  | Agricultural |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Total |
Farm equipment |  | $ | 2,879,000 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,879,000 |
Farm equipment service parts |  |  | 665,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 665,000 |
Steel cutting tools and inserts |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 544,000 |  |  |  | 544,000 |
Modular buildings |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,368,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,368,000 |
Modular building lease income |  |  | - |  |  |  | 168,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 168,000 |
Other |  |  | 93,000 |  |  |  | 22,000 |  |  |  | 8,000 |  |  |  | 123,000 |
|  | $ | 3,637,000 |  |  | $ | 1,558,000 |  |  | $ | 552,000 |  |  | $ | 5,747,000 |

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|  | Six Months Ended May 31, 2020 |
|  | Agricultural |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Total |
Farm equipment |  | $ | 4,647,000 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 4,647,000 |
Farm equipment service parts |  |  | 1,200,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,200,000 |
Steel cutting tools and inserts |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,179,000 |  |  |  | 1,179,000 |
Modular buildings |  |  | - |  |  |  | 540,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 540,000 |
Modular building lease income |  |  | - |  |  |  | 318,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 318,000 |
Other |  |  | 176,000 |  |  |  | 2,398,000 |  |  |  | 14,000 |  |  |  | 2,588,000 |
|  | $ | 6,023,000 |  |  | $ | 3,256,000 |  |  | $ | 1,193,000 |  |  | $ | 10,472,000 |

|  | Six Months Ended May 31, 2019 |
|  | Agricultural |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Total |
Farm equipment |  | $ | 4,881,000 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 4,881,000 |
Farm equipment service parts |  |  | 1,216,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,216,000 |
Steel cutting tools and inserts |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,028,000 |  |  |  | 1,028,000 |
Modular buildings |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,163,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,163,000 |
Modular building lease income |  |  | - |  |  |  | 348,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 348,000 |
Other |  |  | 150,000 |  |  |  | 69,000 |  |  |  | 16,000 |  |  |  | 235,000 |
|  | $ | 6,247,000 |  |  | $ | 2,580,000 |  |  | $ | 1,044,000 |  |  | $ | 9,871,000 |

| 4) | Contract Receivables, Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

The following table provides information about contract receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers included on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Receivables |  | $ | 660,000 |  |  | $ | 115,000 |
Assets |  |  | 162,000 |  |  |  | 727,000 |
Liabilities |  | $ | 365,000 |  |  | $ | 89,000 |

The amount of revenue recognized in the first six months of fiscal 2020 that was included in a contract liability at November 30, 2019 was approximately $89,000 compared to $185,000 in the same period of fiscal 2019. The significant change in contract receivables reflected above is due to progress billings from open contracts in the Modular Buildings segment. Contract assets are down significantly from November 30, 2019 as billings caught up to costs in the Modular Buildings segment during the second quarter. There are also a few contracts in the Modular Buildings segment that are currently overbilled, which created an increase in contract liabilities at May 31, 2020.

The Company utilizes the practical expedient exception for reporting performance obligations and will report only on performance obligations greater than one year. As of May 31, 2020, the Company had no performance obligations with an original expected duration greater than one year.

| 5) | Net Income (Loss) Per Share of Common Stock

Basic net income (loss) per share of common stock has been computed on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock has been computed on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus equivalent shares assuming the exercise of stock options. Potential shares of common stock that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share.

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Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share have been computed based on the following as of May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |
|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |
Numerator for basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (801,720 | ) |  | $ | (356,042 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
For basic net income (loss) per share - weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 4,401,754 |  |  |  | 4,299,289 |
Effect of dilutive stock options |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
For diluted net income (loss) per share - weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 4,401,754 |  |  |  | 4,299,289 |
Net Income (Loss) per share - Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income (Loss) per share |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | (0.08 | )
Net Income (Loss) per share - Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income (Loss) per share |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | (0.08 | )

|  | For the Six Months Ended |
|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |
Numerator for basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (1,238,913 | ) |  | $ | (961,974 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
For basic net income (loss) per share - weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 4,358,982 |  |  |  | 4,272,532 |
Effect of dilutive stock options |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
For diluted net income (loss) per share - weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 4,358,982 |  |  |  | 4,272,532 |
Net Income (Loss) per share - Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income (Loss) per share |  | $ | (0.28 | ) |  | $ | (0.23 | )
Net Income (Loss) per share - Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income (Loss) per share |  | $ | (0.28 | ) |  | $ | (0.23 | )

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| 6) | I nventory

Major classes of inventory are:

|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 7,400,831 |  |  | $ | 7,156,001 |
Work in process |  |  | 393,939 |  |  |  | 492,125 |
Finished goods |  |  | 4,315,166 |  |  |  | 3,905,373 |
Gross inventory |  | $ | 12,109,936 |  |  | $ | 11,553,499 |
Less: Reserves |  |  | (2,577,225 | ) |  |  | (2,774,992 | )
Net Inventory |  | $ | 9,532,711 |  |  | $ | 8,778,507 |

| 7) | Accrued Expenses

Major components of accrued expenses are:

|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Salaries, wages, and commissions |  | $ | 679,353 |  |  | $ | 555,201 |
Accrued warranty expense |  |  | 268,233 |  |  |  | 203,185 |
Other |  |  | 264,167 |  |  |  | 374,440 |
|  | $ | 1,211,753 |  |  | $ | 1,132,826 |

| 8) | Assets Held for Lease

Major components of assets held for lease are:

|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Modular Buildings |  | $ | 622,065 |  |  | $ | 713,783 |
Net assets held for lease |  | $ | 622,065 |  |  | $ | 713,783 |

Rents recognized from assets held for lease included in sales on the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 were $162,719 and $318,227, respectively, compared to $168,465 and $347,509 for the three and six months ended May 31, 2019, respectively. Rents recognized in sales were related to the leasing of modular buildings as a part of the normal course of business operations of the Modular Buildings segment.

The Company has no future minimum lease receipts under contract from assets held for lease as of May 31, 2020.

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| 9) | Product Warranty

The Company offers warranties of various lengths to its customers depending on the specific product and terms of the customer purchase agreement. The average length of the warranty period is one year from the date of purchase. The Company’s warranties require it to repair or replace defective products during the warranty period at no cost to the customer. Product warranty is included in the price of the product and provides assurance that the product will function in accordance with agreed-upon specifications. It does not represent a separate performance obligation under ASC 606. The Company records a liability for estimated costs that may be incurred under its warranties. The costs are estimated based on historical experience and any specific warranty issues that have been identified. Although historical warranty costs have been within expectations, there can be no assurance that future warranty costs will not exceed historical amounts. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the balance as necessary. The accrued warranty balance is included in accrued expenses as shown in Note 7 “Accrued Expenses.” Changes in the Company’s product warranty liability for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 are as follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |
|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |
Balance, beginning |  | $ | 239,233 |  |  | $ | 25,857 |
Settlements / adjustments |  |  | (37,146 | ) |  |  | (62,640 | )
Warranties issued |  |  | 66,146 |  |  |  | 126,420 |
Balance, ending |  | $ | 268,233 |  |  | $ | 89,637 |

|  | For the Six Months Ended |
|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | May 31, 2019 |
Balance, beginning |  | $ | 203,185 |  |  | $ | 96,786 |
Settlements / adjustments |  |  | (65,722 | ) |  |  | (194,938 | )
Warranties issued |  |  | 130,770 |  |  |  | 187,789 |
Balance, ending |  | $ | 268,233 |  |  | $ | 89,637 |

| 10) | Loan and Credit Agreements

The Company maintains two revolving lines of credit and two term loans with Bank Midwest. The Company also previously maintained a term loan with The First National Bank of West Union.

Bank Midwest Revolving Lines of Credit and Term Loans

The Company maintains a credit facility with Bank Midwest consisting of a $5,000,000 revolving line of credit (the “2017 Line of Credit”), and a $2,600,000 term loan due October 1, 2037 (the “Term Loan”). On May 31, 2020, the balance of the 2017 Line of Credit was $3,130,530 with $1,869,470 remaining available, as may be limited by the borrowing base calculation. The 2017 Line of Credit borrowing base is an amount equal to 75% of accounts receivable balances (discounted for aged receivables), plus 50% of inventory, less any outstanding loan balance on the 2017 Line of Credit. At May 31, 2020, the 2017 Line of Credit was not limited by the borrowing base calculation. Any unpaid principal amount borrowed on the 2017 Line of Credit accrues interest at a floating rate per annum equal to 1.00% above the Wall Street Journal rate published in the money rates section of the Wall Street Journal. The interest rate floor is set at 4.25% per annum and the current interest rate is 4.25% per annum. The 2017 Line of Credit was most recently renewed on March 30, 2020. The 2017 Line of Credit matures on March 30, 2021 and requires monthly interest-only payments.

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The Term Loan accrues interest at a rate of 5.00% for the first sixty months. Thereafter, the Term Loan will accrue interest at a floating rate per annum equal to 0.75% above the Wall Street Journal rate published the money rates section of the Wall Street Journal. The interest rate floor is set at 4.15% per annum and the interest rate may only be adjusted by Bank Midwest once every five years. Monthly payments of $17,271 for principal and interest are required. The Term Loan is also guaranteed by the United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), which required an upfront guarantee fee of $62,400 and requires an annual fee of 0.5% of the unpaid balance. As part of the USDA guarantee requirements, shareholders owning more than 20% are required to personally guarantee a portion of the Term Loan, in an amount equal to their stock ownership percentage. J. Ward McConnell Jr., the Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors and a shareholder owning more than 20% of the Company’s outstanding stock, is guaranteeing approximately 38% of the Term Loan, for an annual fee of 2% of the personally guaranteed amount. The initial guarantee fee will be amortized over the life of the Term Loan, and the annual fees and personally guaranteed amounts are expensed monthly.

On February 13, 2019, the Company opened a $4,000,000 revolving line of credit (the “2019 Line of Credit”) with Bank Midwest in connection with bonding obligations for the Company’s performance of a large modular laboratory construction project. Funds under the 2019 Line of Credit will be undisbursed to the Company and will be held by Bank Midwest in connection with an Irrevocable Letter of Credit issued by Bank Midwest for the project. The 2019 Line of Credit accrues interest at a floating rate per annum equal to 1.00% above the Wall Street Journal rate published in the money rates section of the Wall Street Journal. The interest rate floor is set at 4.25% per annum and the current interest rate is 4.25% per annum. The 2019 Line of Credit was recently renewed on February 13, 2020. The 2019 Line of Credit is payable upon demand by Bank Midwest. If no earlier demand is made, the unpaid principal and accrued interest will be payable in one payment, due on February 13, 2021. As of May 31, 2020, the funds on the 2019 Line of Credit remain undisbursed and are held by Bank Midwest.

On April 20, 2020, the Company obtained a loan in the amount of $1,242,900 from Bank Midwest in connection with the U.S. Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Loan”). A portion of the PPP Loan may be forgiven based on the Company’s use of the proceeds of the PPP Loan for its payroll costs and other expenses in accordance with the requirements of the Paycheck Protection Program. If the PPP Loan is not fully forgiven, the Company will remain liable for the full and punctual payment of the outstanding principal balance plus accrued and unpaid interest. The Company expects all or a significant portion of the PPP loan to be forgiven. The PPP Loan accrues interest at a rate per annum equal to 1.00%, the outstanding principal balance plus accrued and unpaid interest is due on April 20, 2022. The PPP Loan is unsecured. The PPP Loan may be prepaid at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties.

On June 18, 2020, and again on June 24, 2020 the Company executed the standard loan documents required for securing loans offered by the U.S. Small Business Administration under its Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) assistance program in light of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business. Two loans were executed on June 18, 2020 with principal amounts of $150,000 each, with a third loan being executed on June 24, 2020 with a principal amount of $150,000 with proceeds being used for working capital purposes. Interest accrues at the rate of 3.75% per annum and will accrue from the date of inception. Installment payments, including principal and interest, are due monthly beginning June 18, 2021 (twelve months from the date of the EIDL Loans) and June 24, 2021 in the amount of $731 (per loan). The balance of principal and interest is payable 30 years from the date of the EIDL. The EIDL’s are secured by a security interest on all of the Company’s assets.

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Each of the 2017 Line of Credit and the Term Loan are governed by the terms of a separate Promissory Note, dated September 28, 2017, entered into between the Company and Bank Midwest. The 2019 Line of Credit is governed by the terms of a Promissory Note, dated February 13, 2019, entered into between the Company and Bank Midwest. The PPP Loan is governed by the terms of a Promissory Note, dated April 20, 2020, entered into between the Company and Bank Midwest.

In connection with the 2017 Line of Credit, the Company, Art’s-Way Scientific Inc. and Ohio Metal Working Products/Art’s-Way Inc. each entered into a Commercial Security Agreement with Bank Midwest, dated September 28, 2017, pursuant to which each granted to Bank Midwest a first priority security interest in certain inventory, equipment, accounts, chattel paper, instruments, letters of credit and other assets to secure the obligations of the Company under the line of credit. Each of Art’s-Way Scientific Inc. and Ohio Metal Working Products/Art’s-Way Inc. also agreed to guarantee the obligations of the Company pursuant to the 2017 Line of Credit, as set forth in Commercial Guaranties, each dated September 28, 2017. The 2019 Line of Credit is also secured by these existing security documents.

To further secure the 2017 Line of Credit, the Company granted Bank Midwest a mortgage on its Canton, Ohio property held by Ohio Metal Working Products/Art’s-Way Inc. The 2019 Line of Credit is also secured by the mortgage on the Canton, Ohio property. The Term Loan is secured by a mortgage on the Company’s Armstrong, Iowa and Monona, Iowa properties. Each mortgage is governed by the terms of a separate Mortgage, dated September 28, 2017, and each property is also subject to a separate Assignment of Rents, dated September 28, 2017.

If the Company or its subsidiaries (as guarantors pursuant to the Commercial Guaranties) commits an event of default with respect to the promissory notes and fails or is unable to cure that default, Bank Midwest may immediately terminate its obligation, if any, to make additional loans to the Company and may accelerate the Company’s obligations under the promissory notes. Bank Midwest shall also have all other rights and remedies for default provided by the Uniform Commercial Code, as well as any other applicable law and the various loan agreements. In addition, in an event of default, Bank Midwest may foreclose on the mortgaged property.

Compliance with Bank Midwest covenants is measured annually at November 30. The terms of the Bank Midwest loan agreements require the Company to maintain a minimum working capital ratio of 1.75, while maintaining a minimum of $5,100,000 of working capital. Additionally, a maximum debt to worth ratio of 1 to 1 must be maintained, with a minimum of 40% tangible balance sheet equity, with variations subject to mutual agreement. The Company is also required to maintain a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.25, with a 0.10 tolerance. The Company also must receive bank approval for purchases or sales of equipment over $100,000 annually and maintain reasonable salaries and owner compensation. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of November 30, 2019 other than the debt service coverage ratio. Bank Midwest issued a waiver forgiving the noncompliance, and no event of default has occurred. The next measurement date is November 30, 2020.

SBA Economic Injury Disaster Loans

On June 18, 2020, and again on June 24, 2020 the Company executed the standard loan documents required for securing loans offered by the U.S. Small Business Administration under its Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL”) assistance program in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business. Two loans were executed on June 18, 2020 with principal amounts of $150,000 each, with a third loan being executed on June 24, 2020 with a principal amount of $150,000. Proceeds from these EIDLs are being used for working capital purposes. Interest accrues at the rate of 3.75% per annum and will accrue from the date of inception. Installment payments, including principal and interest, are due monthly beginning June 18, 2021 (twelve months from the date of the EIDLs) and June 24, 2021 in the amount of $731 per EIDL. The balance of principal and interest is payable 30 years from the date of the EIDL. The EIDLs are secured by a security interest on all of the Company’s assets. Each EIDL is governed by the terms of a separate Promissory Note, dated either June 18, 2020 or June 24, 2020, as applicable, entered into between the Company or the applicable subsidiary.

14

First National Bank of West Union Term Loan

On May 1, 2010, the Company obtained a $1,300,000 loan to finance the purchase of an additional facility located in West Union, Iowa to be used as a distribution center, warehouse facility, and manufacturing plant for certain products under the Art’s-Way brand. The loan was secured by a mortgage on the Company’s West Union Facility, pursuant to a Mortgage, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases and Rents and Fixture Financing Statement dated May 1, 2010 between the Company and The First National Bank of West Union.

On December 14, 2018, the Company repaid this loan in full in connection with the sale of the West Union, Iowa facility.

A summary of the Company’s term debt is as follows:

|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Bank Midwest loan payable in monthly installments of $17,271 including interest at 5.00%, due October 1, 2037 |  | $ | 2,393,503 |  |  | $ | 2,435,993 |
Bank Midwest loan payable in one principal payment including interest at 1.00%, due April 20, 2022 |  |  | 1,242,900 |  |  |  | - |
Total term debt |  | $ | 3,636,403 |  |  | $ | 2,435,993 |
Less current portion of term debt |  |  | 87,909 |  |  |  | 85,401 |
Term debt, excluding current portion |  | $ | 3,548,494 |  |  | $ | 2,350,592 |

A summary of the minimum maturities of term debt follows for the years ending November 30:

Year |  | Amount |
2020 |  | $ | 42,911 |
2021 |  |  | 90,179 |
2022 |  |  | 1,337,758 |
2023 |  |  | 99,781 |
2024 |  |  | 104,665 |
2025 and thereafter |  |  | 1,961,109 |
|  | $ | 3,636,403 |

| 11) | Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating losses.

15

| 12) | Related Party Transactions

During the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019, the Company did not recognize any revenues from transactions with a related party, and no amounts in accounts receivable balances were due from a related party. From time to time, the Company purchases various supplies from related parties, which are companies owned by J. Ward McConnell, Jr., the Vice Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors. Marc McConnell, the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, also serves as President of these companies. J. Ward McConnell, Jr., as a shareholder owning more than 20% of the Company’s outstanding stock, was required to guarantee a portion of the Company’s Term Loan in accordance with the USDA guarantee on the Company’s Term Loan. J. Ward McConnell, Jr. is paid a monthly fee for his guarantee. During the three and six months ended May 31, 2020, the Company recognized expense of $5,314 and $9,902, respectively, for transactions with related parties, compared to $6,501 and $14,649 for the same periods of fiscal 2019, respectively. On May 31, 2020, accrued expenses contained a balance of $1,540 owed to a related party compared to $1,594 on May 31, 2019.

| 13) | Sales-Type Leases

The Company accounts for leases of modular buildings to certain customers as sales-type leases. These leases have terms of up to 36 months and are collateralized by a security interest in the related modular building. The lessee has a bargain purchase option available at the end of the lease term. A minimum lease receivable is recorded net of unearned interest income and profit on sale at the time the Company’s obligation to the lessee is complete. Profit related to the sale of the building is recorded upon fulfillment of the Company’s obligation to the lessee.

Modular buildings held for lease by the Modular Buildings segment are recorded at cost. Amortization of each modular building is calculated over the useful life of the building. Estimated useful life is three to five years. Lease revenue is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease agreement. Lease income for modular buildings is included in sales on the consolidated statements of operations.

The components related to sales-type leases at May 31, 2020 and November 30, 2019 are as follows:

|  | May 31, 2020 |  |  | November 30, 2019 |
Minimum lease receivable, current |  | $ | 81,277 |  |  | $ | 162,425 |
Unearned interest income, current |  |  | (3,670 | ) |  |  | (14,420 | )
Net investment in sales-type leases, current |  | $ | 77,607 |  |  | $ | 148,005 |
Minimum lease receivable, long-term |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 5,851 |
Unearned interest income, long-term |  |  | - |  |  |  | (69 | )
Net investment in sales-type leases, long-term |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 5,782 |

There was no sales activity related to sales-type leases for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31,2019.

Future minimum lease receipts from sales-type leases are as follows:

Year Ending November 30, |  | Amount |
2020 |  | $ | 75,425 |
2021 |  |  | 5,852 |
Total |  | $ | 81,277 |

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| 14) | Operating Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of a contract. The nature of the Company’s operating leases at this time is office equipment, mainly copiers, with terms of 12 to 60 months. Operating leases are included in other assets as operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets while current lease liabilities are included as accrued expenses. The long-term portions of operating lease liabilities are shown as long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has copier lease agreements with lease and non-lease components and has elected the practical expedient not to separate lease and non-lease components for this asset class. The Company has also elected not to recognize lease liabilities and ROU assets for short-term leases. The Company recognizes variable costs that depend on usage in profit or loss as they are incurred.

The components of operating leases on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at May 31, 2020 were as follows:

|  | May 31, 2020 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | $ | 32,072 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 9,297 |
Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities |  |  | 22,775 |
Total operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 32,072 |

The Company included $32,072 of operating lease ROU assets in other assets, the current portion of operating lease liabilities of $9,297 was included in accrued expenses and the $22,775 of long-term operating lease liabilities was included in the long-term liability portion of the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recorded $5,481 and $13,632 of operating lease costs in the three and six months ended May 31, 2020, respectively, which included variable costs tied to usage. The Company’s operating leases carry a weighted average lease term of 39 months and have a weighted average discount rate of 5.50%

Future maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows:

Maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows: |
Year Ending November 30, |  |  |  |
2020 |  |  | 5,138 |
2021 |  |  | 10,847 |
2022 |  |  | 10,847 |
2023 |  |  | 6,456 |
2024 |  |  | 1,630 |
Total lease payments |  |  | 34,918 |
Less imputed interest |  |  | (2,847 | )
Total operating lease liabilities |  |  | 32,072 |

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| 15) | Equity Incentive Plan and Stock Based Compensation

On February 25, 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) authorized and approved the Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”). The 2020 Plan was approved by the stockholders on April 30, 2020. The 2020 Plan replaces the Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) and adds an additional 500,000 shares to the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to equity awards. No further stock options will be awarded under the 2011 Plan or other prior plans. Awards to directors and executive officers under the 2020 Plan are governed by the forms of agreement approved by the Board of Directors. Stock options granted prior to February 25, 2020 are governed by the applicable prior plan and the forms of agreement adopted thereunder.

The 2020 Plan permits the plan administrator to award nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance awards, and stock appreciation rights to employees (including officers), directors, and consultants. The Board has approved a director compensation policy pursuant to which non-employee directors are automatically granted restricted stock awards of 1,000 shares of fully vested common stock annually or initially upon their election to the Board and another 1,000 shares of fully vested common stock on the last business day of each fiscal quarter. During the six months ended May 31, 2020, restricted stock awards of 128,750 shares were issued to various employees, directors, and consultants, which vest over the next three years, and restricted stock awards of 15,000 shares were issued to directors as part of the director compensation policy, which vested immediately upon grant. In comparison, during the first six months of fiscal 2019, restricted stock awards of 69,937 shares were issued to various employees, directors, and consultants, which vest over three years from the date of issuance, and restricted stock awards of 16,000 were issued to directors as part of the director compensation policy. During the first six months of fiscal 2020, no shares of restricted stock were forfeited upon departure of any employees compared to 1,400 shares of restricted stock forfeited during the same period of fiscal 2019.

Stock-based compensation expense reflects the fair value of stock-based awards measured at the grant date and recognized over the relevant vesting period. The Company estimates the fair value of each stock-based option award on the measurement date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model which incorporates assumptions as to stock price volatility, the expected life of the options, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock and other factors. The Company uses historical option exercise and termination data to estimate the expected term the options are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield is calculated using historical dividend amounts and the stock price at the option issuance date. No stock options were granted during the six months ended May 31, 2020 or in the same respective period of fiscal 2019. The Company incurred a total of $115,172 and $152,752 of stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock awards during the three and six months ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to $53,898 and $119,444 of stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock awards for the same respective periods of fiscal 2019. The Company repurchased 3,954 shares and 14,471 shares from employees in the form of treasury stock as consideration for payroll taxes paid on the employee’s behalf for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to 0 and 5,493 for the same periods in fiscal 2019. Stock compensation net of treasury shares repurchased for the six months ended May 31, 2020 was $126,216 compared to $108,624 for the same period in fiscal 2019.

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| 16) | Disclosures About the Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. At May 31, 2020 and November 30, 2019, the carrying amount approximated fair value for cash, accounts receivable, net investment in sales-type leases, accounts payable, notes payable to bank, and other current and long-term liabilities. The carrying amounts of current assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The fair value of the net investment in sales-type leases also approximates recorded value as that is based on discounting future cash flows at rates implicit in the lease. The rates implicit in the lease do not materially differ from current market rates. The fair value of the Company’s installment term loans payable also approximates recorded value because the interest rates charged under the loan terms are not substantially different from current interest rates.

| 17) | Segment Information

The Company has three reportable segments: Agricultural Products, Modular Buildings and Tools. The Agricultural Products segment manufactures and sells farm equipment and related replacement parts under the Art’s-Way Manufacturing label and private labels. The Modular Buildings segment manufactures and installs modular buildings for various uses, commonly animal containment and research laboratories. The Tools segment manufactures steel cutting tools and inserts.

The accounting policies applied to determine the segment information are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Management evaluates the performance of each segment based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes, exclusive of nonrecurring gains and losses.

Approximate financial information with respect to the reportable segments is as follows.

|  | Three Months Ended May 31, 2020 |
|  | Agricultural Products |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Consolidated |
Revenue from external customers |  | $ | 3,071,000 |  |  | $ | 1,799,000 |  |  | $ | 576,000 |  |  | $ | 5,446,000 |
Income (loss) from operations |  |  | (722,000 | ) |  |  | (124,000 | ) |  |  | (79,000 | ) |  |  | (925,000 | )
Income (loss) before tax |  |  | (784,000 | ) |  |  | (126,000 | ) |  |  | (87,000 | ) |  |  | (997,000 | )
Total Assets |  |  | 13,948,000 |  |  |  | 3,772,000 |  |  |  | 2,660,000 |  |  |  | 20,380,000 |
Capital expenditures |  |  | 56,000 |  |  |  | 85,000 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 141,000 |
Depreciation & Amortization |  |  | 127,000 |  |  |  | 71,000 |  |  |  | 33,000 |  |  |  | 231,000 |

|  | Three Months Ended May 31, 2019 |
|  | Agricultural Products |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Consolidated |
Revenue from external customers |  | $ | 3,637,000 |  |  | $ | 1,558,000 |  |  | $ | 552,000 |  |  | $ | 5,747,000 |
Income (loss) from operations |  |  | (297,000 | ) |  |  | (63,000 | ) |  |  | (10,000 | ) |  |  | (370,000 | )
Income (loss) before tax |  |  | (382,000 | ) |  |  | (56,000 | ) |  |  | (21,000 | ) |  |  | (459,000 | )
Total Assets |  |  | 14,730,000 |  |  |  | 4,127,000 |  |  |  | 2,502,000 |  |  |  | 21,359,000 |
Capital expenditures |  |  | 76,000 |  |  |  | 30,000 |  |  |  | 27,000 |  |  |  | 133,000 |
Depreciation & Amortization |  |  | 124,000 |  |  |  | 104,000 |  |  |  | 32,000 |  |  |  | 260,000 |

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|  | Six Months Ended May 31, 2020 |
|  | Agricultural Products |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Consolidated |
Revenue from external customers |  | $ | 6,023,000 |  |  | $ | 3,256,000 |  |  | $ | 1,193,000 |  |  | $ | 10,472,000 |
Income (loss) from operations |  |  | (1,156,000 | ) |  |  | (118,000 | ) |  |  | (120,000 | ) |  |  | (1,394,000 | )
Income (loss) before tax |  |  | (1,282,000 | ) |  |  | (120,000 | ) |  |  | (139,000 | ) |  |  | (1,541,000 | )
Total Assets |  |  | 13,948,000 |  |  |  | 3,772,000 |  |  |  | 2,660,000 |  |  |  | 20,380,000 |
Capital expenditures |  |  | 298,000 |  |  |  | 111,000 |  |  |  | 3,000 |  |  |  | 412,000 |
Depreciation & Amortization |  |  | 254,000 |  |  |  | 139,000 |  |  |  | 66,000 |  |  |  | 459,000 |

|  | Six Months Ended May 31, 2019 |
|  | Agricultural Products |  |  | Modular Buildings |  |  | Tools |  |  | Consolidated |
Revenue from external customers |  | $ | 6,247,000 |  |  | $ | 2,580,000 |  |  | $ | 1,044,000 |  |  | $ | 9,871,000 |
Income (loss) from operations |  |  | (898,000 | ) |  |  | (161,000 | ) |  |  | (33,000 | ) |  | $ | (1,092,000 | )
Income (loss) before tax |  |  | (1,031,000 | ) |  |  | (156,000 | ) |  |  | (53,000 | ) |  | $ | (1,240,000 | )
Total Assets |  |  | 14,730,000 |  |  |  | 4,127,000 |  |  |  | 2,502,000 |  |  | $ | 21,359,000 |
Capital expenditures |  |  | 110,000 |  |  |  | 48,000 |  |  |  | 28,000 |  |  | $ | 186,000 |
Depreciation & Amortization |  |  | 249,000 |  |  |  | 236,000 |  |  |  | 64,000 |  |  | $ | 549,000 |

*The consolidated total in the tables is a sum of segment figures and may not tie to actual figures in the condensed consolidated financial statements due to rounding.

| 18) | Subsequent Events

Management evaluated all other activity of the Company and concluded that no subsequent events have occurred, other than the signing of Economic Injury Disaster Loans as discussed in Note 10 “Loan and Credit Agreements,” that would require recognition in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “report”) and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” as well as Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2019. Some of the statements in this report may contain forward-looking statements that reflect our current view on future events, future business, industry and other conditions, our future performance, and our plans and expectations for future operations and actions. In some cases you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “may,” “should,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “future,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” “predict,” “hope,” “potential,” “continue,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Many of these forward-looking statements are located in this report under Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” but they may appear in other sections as well. Forward-looking statements in this report generally relate to: (i) our warranty costs and order backlog; (ii) our beliefs regarding the sufficiency of working capital and cash flows; (iii) our expectation that we will continue to be able to renew or obtain financing on reasonable terms when necessary; (iv) the impact of recently issued accounting pronouncements; (v) our intentions and beliefs relating to our costs, business strategies, and future performance; (vi) our expected financial results; and (vii) our expectations concerning our primary capital and cash flow needs; and (viii) our expectations regarding the impact of COVID-19 on our business condition and results of operations.

You should read this report thoroughly with the understanding that our actual results may differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including events beyond our control and assumptions that prove to be inaccurate or unfounded. We cannot provide any assurance with respect to our future performance or results. Our actual results or actions could and likely will differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including but not limited to: (i) the impact of changing credit markets on our ability to continue to obtain financing on reasonable terms; (ii) our ability to repay current debt, continue to meet debt obligations and comply with financial covenants; (iii) the effect of general economic conditions, including consumer and governmental spending, on the demand for our products and the cost of our supplies and materials; (iv) the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic; (v) fluctuations in seasonal demand and our production cycle; and (vi) other factors described from time to time in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings. We do not intend to update the forward-looking statements contained in this report other than as required by law. We caution you not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. You should read this report and the documents that we reference in this report and have filed as exhibits completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we currently expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

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Critical Accounting Policies

Our critical accounting policies involving the more significant judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of our financial statements as of May 31, 2020 remain unchanged from November 30, 2019, other than the adoption of the new lease accounting standard in ASC 842, as discussed in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in Part I, Item I, “Financial Statements” of this report. Disclosure of these critical accounting policies is incorporated by reference from Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2019.

Results of Operations

Net Sales and Cost of Sales

Our consolidated corporate sales for continuing operations for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020 were $5,446,000 and $10,472,000, respectively, compared to $5,747,000 and $9,871,000 during the same respective periods in fiscal 2019, a $301,000, or 5.2%, decrease for the three months and a $601,000, or 6.1%, increase for the six months. The three month decrease in revenue is due to decreased revenue from our agricultural products segment and poor market conditions. We showed increased sales in our modular building and tools segments for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 compared to same periods of fiscal 2019. Consolidated gross margin for the three-month period ended May 31, 2020 was 18.3% compared to 16.7% for the same period in fiscal 2019. Consolidated gross margin for the six-month period ended May 31, 2020 was 18.8% compared to 15.8% for the same period in fiscal 2019. The increased margin is due to improved efficiency in our agricultural products segment and increased sales in the modular building and tools segments.

Our second quarter sales in our agricultural products segment were $3,071,000 compared to $3,637,000 during the same period of fiscal 2019, a decrease of $566,000, or 15.6%. Our year-to-date agricultural product sales were $6,023,000 compared to $6,247,000 during the same period in fiscal 2019, a decrease of $224,000, or 3.6%. While sales in our agricultural products segment were up 13.1% at the end of our first quarter in fiscal 2020, our second quarter included new challenges, most of which were driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. We saw decreased orders through the second quarter as restaurants across the nation were forced to close their doors in response to the pandemic. With restaurants closed, the demand for livestock went down. In addition, many of the meat packing plants became hot spots for COVID-19 and many farmers were forced to euthanize livestock as they had no buyers for their meat products. The disruptions in the supply and demand of livestock in turn lead to a decrease in demand for our agricultural products. We did show approximately $1,400,000 in increased sales for the six months ended May 31, 2020 compared to the same period in fiscal 2019 for dump boxes, manure spreaders and service parts, but our largest sales decrease for the six months ended May 31, 2020 compared to the same period of fiscal 2019 was for UHC reels. The decrease was approximately $500,000 and was the result of a strategic decision to focus on products that offer this segment a higher standard gross profit margin. Additionally, our sales of grinders are down approximately $414,000 for the six months ended May 31, 2020 compared to the same period of fiscal 2019 as the shift from small farms to larger commercial operations continues to transition. Gross margin for our agricultural products segment for the three-month period ended May 31, 2020 was 23.0% compared to 17.9% for the same period in fiscal 2019. Gross margin for our agricultural products segment for the six-month period ended May 31, 2020 was 21.2% compared to 15.8% for the same period in fiscal 2019. Our increased gross margin in fiscal 2020 reflects continuous improvement initiatives enacted in fiscal 2019 that have increased our workforce efficiency and is the result of a 3% increase in our standard gross profit margin from a shift in our product mix and price increases enacted in 2019.

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Our second quarter sales in our modular buildings segment were $1,799,000 compared to $1,558,000 for the same period in fiscal 2019, an increase of $241,000, or 15.5%. Our year-to-date sales in our modular buildings segment were $3,256,000 compared to $2,580,000 for the same period in fiscal 2019, an increase of $676,000, or 26.2%. In the first and second quarters of fiscal 2019, we struggled to get jobs under contract. By comparison, our first and second quarters of fiscal 2020 reflect many jobs under contract, which has driven the increases in sales. Research buildings have made up the majority of our revenue base as agriculture continues to struggle. Gross margin for the three- and six- month periods ended May 31, 2020 was 8.9% and 12.4%, respectively, compared to 9.4% and 10.3% for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019. The increase in gross margin is attributable to increased revenue available to cover fixed costs.

Our tools segment had sales of $576,000 and $1,193,000 during the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to $552,000 and $1,044,000 for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019, a 4.3% increase and a 14.3% increase, respectively. The increase is due to the addition of a large volume OEM customer that was added to our product offering in the third quarter of fiscal 2019. This customer has offered us stability as the oil and gas markets declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. Gross margin was 20.8% and 22.7% for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to 27.9% and 28.6% for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019. Our decreased gross margin is due to the addition of labor and overhead as we continue to fully integrate our OEM customer’s product line into our manufacturing facility.

Expenses

Our second quarter consolidated selling expenses were $401,000 compared to $397,000 for the same period in fiscal 2019. Our year-to-date selling expenses were $856,000 in fiscal 2020 compared to $741,000 for the same period in fiscal 2019. The increased selling expenses are due to the addition of a territory development manager and an inside sales representative and to increased commission from increased sales in our represented territories from our agricultural products segment. We did show a decrease in selling expenses in our tools segment as we paid no commissions on our OEM agreement and a decrease in our modular building segments as we had less travel and trade show attendance due to COVID-19. Selling expenses as a percentage of sales were 7.4% and 8.2% for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to 6.9% and 7.5% for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019.

Consolidated engineering expenses were $123,000 and $232,000 for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to $117,000 and $264,000 for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019. The decrease in engineering expenses for the six months ended May 31, 2020 was due to lower research and development costs from our agricultural products segment as we shifted our engineering department focus to improve internal process and reduce costs of our products. We also shifted an engineer to a welding position in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 to lower our indirect labor costs and fill a needed production position. Engineering expenses as a percentage of sales were 2.3% and 2.2% for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to 2.0% and 2.7% for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019.

Consolidated administrative expenses for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020 were $1,396,000 and $2,277,000, respectively, compared to $814,000 and $1,651,000 for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019. The mostly non-recurring increase in administrative expense is due to approximately $133,000 of recruitment expense for management recruitment, dual management salaries of approximately $36,000 as we transition our Chief Executive Officer and director of materials positions, approximately $27,000 for the implementation of our OEM customer’s product line in the tools segment, and additional bonus expense of $229,000 for stock granted to new management staff, payout of employment agreements and bonus accruals for incentives offered by the Compensation Committee of the Board for fiscal 2020 targets. We also had $189,000 of pandemic-related expense related to employment rewards for keeping our operations running safely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Administrative expenses as a percentage of sales were 25.6% and 21.7% for the three- and six-month periods ended May 31, 2020, respectively, compared to 14.2% and 16.7% for the same respective periods in fiscal 2019.

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Net Loss

Consolidated net loss was $(802,000) for the three-month period ended May 31, 2020 compared to net loss of $(356,000) for the same period in fiscal 2019. Our consolidated net loss for the six months ended May 31, 2020 was $(1,239,000) compared to $(962,000). Despite the increased net loss for the three and six months we did show substantial operational improvement. Our sales were up for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020 in two out of three segments. Our consolidated gross profit as a percentage of sales was up 1.6% and 3.0% for the three and six months ended May 31, 2020, respectively. We were heavy on administrative expenses related to finding and training new management staff, implementing an OEM product line and properly rewarding our employees for their continued service during the pandemic as our segments operate as essential businesses. Without these additional administrative expenses, we would have shown significant bottom line improvement for the six months ended May 31, 2020 compared to 2019.

CEO Transition

As previously announced, David King will be taking over for Carrie Gunnerson as Chief Executive Officer in the third fiscal quarter of 2020. Mr. King has been serving as Executive Vice President since March 30, 2020. Mr. King brings 25 years of agriculture industry experience in operations, marketing and business development. We look forward to Mr. King bringing Art’s Way new strategic business opportunities and providing a revitalized brand image.

Order Backlog

The consolidated order backlog net of discounts as of July 6, 2020 was $5,315,000 compared to $8,585,000 as of July 6, 2019. The agricultural products segment order backlog was $1,666,000 as of July 6, 2020 compared to $1,369,000 in fiscal 2019. The increase in backlog from the agricultural products segment is due to the implementation of a mid-year early order program. The backlog for the modular buildings segment was $3,525,000 as of July 6, 2020, compared to $7,056,000 in fiscal 2019. The decrease is due to progress made on a large construction contract that is not part of our typical year. Excluding this project from backlog, our backlog is down $65,000 compared to fiscal 2019. The backlog for the tools segment was $124,000 as of July 6, 2020 compared to $159,000 in fiscal 2019. The decrease in backlog for our tools segment is due largely to the drop in oil prices which has affected our customers in the oil and gas industries. Our order backlog is not necessarily indicative of future revenue to be generated from such orders due to the possibility of order cancellations and dealer discount arrangements we may enter into from time to time.

Potential Impact of COVID-19

While the COVID-19 pandemic had very little effect on the first quarter of fiscal 2020, we did find that the pandemic impacted our results of operations for the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and may continue to do so for the foreseeable future. From March 23, 2020 until May 18, 2020 the majority of our office staff in all three segments worked remotely with the exception of key operations support. At the height of the initial quarantine our workforce was down approximately 17% due to self-quarantine. By the end of May 2020 our entire workforce had returned and operations have continued as normal with additional safety precautions in place.

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In our Agricultural Products segment, we did not experience any order cancellations, however, calls for new whole goods did slow significantly in the second quarter and many dealers did hold off on the shipping/pickup of their completed units. We have begun to see a slight uptick in call activity and expect this to continue through the third quarter. However, as many farmers continue to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on their operations, including future purchases of our equipment, we may yet see an impact on order volume as fiscal 2020 continues.

Our Modular Buildings segment has a more diverse backlog than we had a year ago; however, we have had some setbacks on site work as subcontractors have been forced to quarantine after testing positive for COVID-19. Our workers have been hesitant to travel during the pandemic and, as a result, we had a large amount of buildings that were complete and ready to be placed on site as of the beginning of the third quarter. We are working to clear this backup of work throughout the third quarter.

In our Tools segment, oil prices dropped significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which made our sales drop significantly in the second quarter of fiscal 2020. The diversification of our business with our new OEM customer helped us get through the oil and gas industry lows during this time. The oil and gas orders appear to be coming back as prices have started to go back up.

At this time, it is difficult for us to assess if the worst of economic hardship has passed or if we are in store for tougher times ahead. In either event, we have built and improved our business over the last few years to help us better weather any economic storms that come our way.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary source of funds for the six months ended May 31, 2020 was cash generated by financing activities, which includes the receipt of a Paycheck Protection Program loan and the use of our line of credit. We expect that all or a significant portion of this Paycheck Protection Program loan will be forgiven. Our contracts in progress and customer deposits also provided a significant amount of cash for the first six months of fiscal 2020. Our operating activities consumed $1,319,000 of cash during the first six months of fiscal 2020. The significant uses of cash included an increase in accounts receivable and the increase of inventory in all three segments. We also consumed a significant amount of cash investing in property, plant, and equipment. We expect our primary capital needs for the remainder of fiscal 2020 to relate to operating costs, primarily production costs and contract fulfilment, and the retirement of debt.

We have a $5,000,000 revolving line of credit with Bank Midwest that, as of May 31, 2020, had an outstanding principal balance of $3,130,530. The line of credit is scheduled to mature on March 30, 2021.

We believe our current financing arrangements will provide sufficient cash to finance operations and pay debt when due during the next twelve months. We expect to continue to be able to procure financing upon reasonable terms and have had discussions with our bank about obtaining additional financing should COVID-19 have a large impact on our ability to operate.

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Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide disclosure pursuant to this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The persons serving as our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period subject to this report. Based on this evaluation, the persons serving as our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of May 31, 2020, due to the material weakness described below. Notwithstanding the material weakness discussed below, our management has concluded that the consolidated financial statements included in this report present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Remediation of Material Weakness

Management previously identified that a material weakness existed as of November 30, 2019 related to the estimation of completed subcontract work on modular building contracts. Management recognizes that estimates are a necessary part of financial reporting; however, proper controls did not exist to review the accuracy of these estimates at the time of the transactions. Because we recorded an adjustment to the financial statements, this control deficiency did not result in a material misstatement to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended November 30, 2019.

Management implemented new internal controls in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 to remediate this material weakness. All receiving transactions are reviewed and signed off on by the receiving clerk and general manager for accuracy and completeness on a monthly basis. Any subcontract work received over $75,000 requires approval signatures from the Chief Financial Officer and general manager. These controls will help prevent and detect material misstatements that could otherwise results from the estimation of subcontract work. These new internal controls are subject to continued management review supported by testing, as well as oversight by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Since insufficient time has passed to allow us to adequately test these new internal controls, we are unable to determine at this time that the material weakness has been fully remediated. We will continue to assess these new internal controls and work to remediate our material weakness.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than the steps taken to remediate the material weakness discussed above, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are currently not a party to any material pending legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide disclosure pursuant to this item.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The following table presents the information with respect to purchases made by us of our common stock during the second quarter of fiscal 2020:

|  | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |  |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Plans or Programs |
March 1 to March 31, 2020 |  |  | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |
April 1 to April 30, 2020 |  |  | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |
May 1 to May 31, 2020 |  |  | 3,954 |  |  | $ | 1.89 |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |
Total |  |  | 3,954 |  |  | $ | 1.89 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) Reflects shares withheld pursuant to the terms of restricted stock awards under our 2011 Plan to offset tax withholding obligations that occur upon vesting and release of shares. The value of the shares withheld is the closing price of our common stock on the date the relevant transaction occurs.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

On June 18, 2020, and again on June 24, 2020 the Company executed the standard loan documents required for securing loans offered by the U.S. Small Business Administration under its Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL”) assistance program in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business. Two loans were executed on June 18, 2020 with principal amounts of $150,000 each, with a third loan being executed on June 24, 2020 with a principal amount of $150,000. Proceeds from these EIDLs are being used for working capital purposes. Interest accrues at the rate of 3.75% per annum and will accrue from the date of inception. Installment payments, including principal and interest, are due monthly beginning June 18, 2021 (twelve months from the date of the EIDLs) and June 24, 2021 in the amount of $731 per EIDL. The balance of principal and interest is payable 30 years from the date of the EIDL. The EIDLs are secured by a security interest on all of the Company’s assets. Each EIDL is governed by the terms of a separate Promissory Note, dated either June 18, 2020 or June 24, 2020, as applicable, entered into between the Company or the applicable subsidiary. The foregoing description of the Promissory Notes does not purport to be a complete description of the rights and obligations of the parties thereunder and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Promissory Notes, filed herewith as Exhibits 10.5, 10.6 and 10.7 and incorporated herein by reference.

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Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit No. | Description
10.1 | Offer Letter between the Company and David King, dated March 5, 2020 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 11, 2020
10.2 | Employment Agreement between the Company and David A. King, effective March 30, 2020 – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2020.
10.3 | Promissory Note, between Bank Midwest and Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc., dated March 30, 2020 – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2020.
10.4 | Promissory Note, between Bank Midwest and Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc., dated April 20, 2020 – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 22, 2020.
10.5 | Promissory Note, between the Small Business Administration and Art’s-Way Scientific Inc., dated June 18, 2020 – filed herewith
10.6 | Promissory Note, between the Small Business Administration and Ohio Metal Working Products/Art’s-Way, dated June 18, 2020 – filed herewith
10.7 | Promissory Note, between the Small Business Administration and Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc., dated June 24, 2020 – filed herewith
10.8 | Art’s-Way Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 4, 2020.
10.9 | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under 2020 Equity Incentive Plan – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 4, 2020.
10.10 | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2020 Equity Incentive Plan – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 4, 2020.
10.11 | Form of Incentive Stock Option Award under 2020 Equity Incentive Plan – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 4, 2020.
10.12 | Form of Non-Qualified Option Award under 2020 Equity Incentive Plan – incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 4, 2020.
31.1 | Certificate of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 13a-14(a) – filed herewith.
31.2 | Certificate of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 13a-14(a) – filed herewith.
32.1 | Certificate of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 - filed herewith.
32.2 | Certificate of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 - filed herewith.
101 | The following materials from this report, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) are filed herewith: (i) condensed consolidated balance sheets, (ii) condensed consolidated statement of operations, (iii) condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, and (iv) the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

ART’S-WAY MANUFACTURING CO., INC.

Date: July 10, 2020 |  | By: /s/ Carrie L. Gunnerson
|  | Carrie L. Gunnerson
|  | President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: July 10, 2020 |  | By: /s/ Michael W. Woods
|  | Michael W. Woods
|  | Chief Financial Officer

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