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Significant Accounting Policies (Q3) (Policies) | 9 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Sep. 30, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |  |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the balances and results for the periods presented. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023 or for any future periods. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Form 10-K annual report filed by the Company with the SEC on March 6, 2023. | Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. | Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Emerging Growth Company Status | Emerging Growth Company Status The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements with another public company, which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. | Emerging Growth Company The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, Section 102(b)(l) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s consolidated financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. | Use of Estimates The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account. | Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account.
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. | Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Cash and Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account | Cash and Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in U.S. Treasury Bills with a maturity of 185 days or less and in money market funds which invest in U.S. Treasury securities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, pursuant to the trust agreement dated as of December 20, 2021 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”), the trustee of the Trust Account, $1,171,438 of interest income from the Trust Account was withdrawn by the Company for the payment of its taxes. At December 31, 2022 the Company classified its US Treasury bills as held-to-maturity in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 320 “Investments - Debt and Equity Securities.” Held-to-maturity securities are those securities which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. Held-to-maturity treasury securities are recorded at amortized cost and adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. A decline in the market value of held-to-maturity securities below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary, results in an impairment that reduces the carrying costs to such securities’ fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether an impairment is other than temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, the severity and the duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent to year-end, forecasted performance of the investee, and the general market condition in the geographic area or industry in which the investee operates. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related held-to-maturity security as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Such amortization and accretion are included in the “interest income” line item in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Interest income is recognized when earned. The carrying value, excluding gross unrealized holding (gain) loss, and fair value of held to maturity securities as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:
| ​ | ​ | Carrying Value as of December 31, 2022 | ​ | ​ | Gross Unrealized Gains | ​ | ​ | Gross Unrealized Losses | ​ | ​ | Fair Value as of December 31, 2022
Cash | ​ |  | $1,034 | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ |  | $1,034
U.S. Treasury Bills | ​ | ​ | 194,223,748 | ​ | ​ | 43,626 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 194,267,374
| ​ | ​ | $194,224,782 | ​ | ​ | $43,626 | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $194,268,408
Effective January 1, 2023, the Company changed its accounting policy for the investments in trust to the fair value method. As of September 30, 2023, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in mutual funds that invest in U.S Treasury Securities. The Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are now classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the balance sheet at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of investments held in Trust Account are included in in the statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The estimated fair values of investments held in Trust Account are determined using available market information. | Cash and Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in U.S. Treasury Bills with a maturity of 185 days or less and in money market funds which invest in U.S. Treasury securities. On June 29, 2022, pursuant to the trust agreement dated as of December 20, 2021 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”), the trustee of the Trust Account, $8,447 of interest income from the Trust Account was withdrawn by the Company for the payment of its taxes. The Company classifies its US Treasury bills as held-to-maturity in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 320 “Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.” Held-to-maturity securities are those securities which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. Held-to-maturity treasury securities are recorded at amortized cost and adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. A decline in the market value of held-to-maturity securities below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary, results in an impairment that reduces the carrying costs to such securities’ fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether an impairment is other than temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, the severity and the duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent to year-end, forecasted performance of the investee, and the general market condition in the geographic area or industry in which the investee operates. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related held-to-maturity security as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Such amortization and accretion are included in the “interest income” line item in the consolidated statements of operations. Interest income is recognized when earned. The carrying value, excluding gross unrealized holding loss, and fair value of held to maturity securities on December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
| ​ | ​ | Carrying Value as of December 31, 2022 | ​ | ​ | Gross Unrealized Gains | ​ | ​ | Gross Unrealized Losses | ​ | ​ | Fair Value as of December 31, 2022
Cash | ​ | ​ | $1,034 | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $1,034
U.S. Treasury Bills | ​ | ​ | 194,223,748 | ​ | ​ | 43,626 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 194,267,374
| ​ | ​ | $194,224,782 | ​ | ​ | $43,626 | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $194,268,408
| ​ | ​ | Carrying Value as of December 31, 2021 | ​ | ​ | Gross Unrealized Gains | ​ | ​ | Gross Unrealized Losses | ​ | ​ | Fair Value as of December 31, 2021
Cash | ​ | ​ | $1,483 | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $1,483
U.S. Treasury Bills | ​ | ​ | 191,652,478 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (12,912) | ​ | ​ | 191,639,566
| ​ | ​ | $191,653,961 | ​ | ​ | $— | ​ | ​ | $(12,912) | ​ | ​ | $191,641,049
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature, except for the warrant liabilities, convertible promissory note and investments in the Trust Account. | Fair Value of Financial Instruments The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature, except for the warrant liabilities. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The Company’s financial instruments are classified as either Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3. These tiers include:
• | Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;
• | Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and
• | Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
Income Taxes | Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance recorded against it. Our effective tax rate was (7.46%) and 2.38% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 31.74% and 1.03% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, due to changes in fair value of warrant liabilities, and the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets. ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a formation cost expense. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. Interest and penalties expense amounted to $0 and $19,158 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months. | Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the company’s deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance recorded against it. Our effective tax rate was 6.5% and 0.0% for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, due to the changes in fair value in warrant liability and the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets. ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s consolidated financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company may be subject to potential examination by federal and state taxing authorities in the areas of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Derivative Financial Instruments | Derivative Financial Instruments The Company evaluates its financial instruments, such as warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. Derivative instruments are initially recorded at fair value on the grant date and re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Derivative assets and liabilities are classified in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. | Derivative Financial Instruments The Company evaluates its financial instruments, such as warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. Derivative instruments are initially recorded at fair value on the grant date and re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the consolidated statements of operations. Derivative assets and liabilities are classified in the consolidated balance sheets as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
Convertible Promissory Note | Convertible Promissory Note The fair value of the Company’s convertible promissory note is valued using a compound option formula on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumption about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the working capital loan. |
Warrant Liabilities | Warrant Liabilities The Company accounts for the 17,404,250 warrants issued in connection with the IPO (the 9,487,500 Public Warrants, the 7,347,500 Private Placement Warrants, and the 569,250 Representative Warrants inclusive of the underwriters’ over-allotment option) in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40. Such guidance provides that because the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment thereunder, each warrant must be recorded as a liability. Accordingly, the Company has classified each warrant as a liability at its fair value. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date. With each such re-measurement, the warrant liabilities will be adjusted to fair value, with the change in fair value recognized in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations (See Note 8). | Warrant Liabilities The Company accounts for the 17,404,250 warrants issued in connection with the IPO (the 9,487,500 Public Warrants, the 7,347,500 Private Placement Warrants, and the 569,250 Representative Warrants inclusive of the underwriters’ over-allotment option) in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40. Such guidance provides that because the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment thereunder, each warrant must be recorded as a liability. Accordingly, the Company has classified each warrant as a liability at its fair value. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date. With each such re-measurement, the warrant liabilities will be adjusted to fair value, with the change in fair value recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations (See Note 8).
Offering Costs associated with the Initial Public Offering | Offering Costs associated with the Initial Public Offering The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340-10-S99-1, SEC Staff Accounting bulletin Topic 5A – “Expenses of Offering”, and SEC Staff Accounting bulletin Topic 5T – “Accounting for Expenses or Liabilities Paid by Principal Stockholder(s)”. Offering costs consist principally of professional and registration fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the IPO. Offering costs directly attributable to the issuance of an equity contract to be classified in equity are recorded as a reduction of equity. Offering costs for equity contracts that are classified as assets and liabilities are expensed immediately. The Company incurred offering costs amounting to $7,959,726 as a result of the IPO (consisting of $3,450,000 of underwriting fees, $3,570,576 of Representative’s Shares cost, $259,527 of Representative’s Warrants cost and $679,623 of other offering costs). The Company recorded $7,701,178 of offering costs as a reduction of temporary equity in connection with the common stock included in the Units. The Company immediately expensed $258,548 of offering costs in connection with the Public Warrants, Private Placement Warrants and Representative’s Warrants that were classified as liabilities. | Offering Costs associated with the Initial Public Offering The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340-10-S99-1, SEC Staff Accounting bulletin Topic 5A – “Expenses of Offering”, and SEC Staff Accounting bulletin Topic 5T – “Accounting for Expenses or Liabilities Paid by Principal Stockholder(s)”. Offering costs consist principally of professional and registration fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the IPO. Offering costs directly attributable to the issuance of an equity contract to be classified in equity are recorded as a reduction of equity. Offering costs for equity contracts that are classified as assets and liabilities are expensed immediately. The Company incurred offering costs amounting to $7,959,726 as a result of the IPO (consisting of $3,450,000 of underwriting fees, $3,570,576 of Representative’s Shares cost, $259,527 of Representative’s Warrants cost and $679,623 of other offering costs). The Company recorded $7,701,178 of offering costs as a reduction of temporary equity in connection with the common stock included in the Units. The Company immediately expensed $258,548 of offering costs in connection with the Public Warrants, Private Placement Warrants and Representative’s Warrants that were classified as liabilities.
Net Income (Loss) Per Common Stock | Net (Loss) Income Per Common Stock The Company has two categories of shares, which are referred to as common stock subject to possible redemption and common stock. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two categories of shares. The 17,404,250 potential shares of common stock for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 because the warrants are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. As a result, diluted net (loss) income per share of common stock is the same as basic net (loss) income per share of common stock for the periods presented. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net (loss) income per share for each category of common stock:
| ​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ​ | ​ | For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | 2022 | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | 2022
| ​ | ​ | Common stock subject to possible redemption | ​ | ​ | Common stock | ​ | ​ | Common stock subject to possible redemption | ​ | ​ | Common stock | ​ | ​ | Common stock subject to possible redemption | ​ | ​ | Common stock | ​ | ​ | Common stock subject to possible redemption | ​ | ​ | Common stock
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share: | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Numerator: | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Allocation of net (loss) income | ​ | ​ | $(58,017) | ​ | ​ | $(309,328) | ​ | ​ | $1,384,778 | ​ | ​ | $379,035 | ​ | ​ | $503,233 | ​ | ​ | $422,706 | ​ | ​ | $5,248,577 | ​ | ​ | $1,436,616
Denominator: | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Weighted-average shares outstanding | ​ | ​ | 974,132 | ​ | ​ | 5,193,750 | ​ | ​ | 18,975,000 | ​ | ​ | 5,193,750 | ​ | ​ | 6,183,174 | ​ | ​ | 5,193,750 | ​ | ​ | 18,975,000 | ​ | ​ | 5,193,750
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share | ​ | ​ | $(0.06) | ​ | ​ | $(0.06) | ​ | ​ | $0.07 | ​ | ​ | $0.07 | ​ | ​ | $0.08 | ​ | ​ | $0.08 | ​ | ​ | $0.28 | ​ | ​ | $0.28
| Net Income (Loss) Per Common Stock The Company has two categories of shares, which are referred to as common stock subject to possible redemption and common stock. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two categories of shares. The 17,404,250 potential shares of common stock for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2022 and for the period from April 19, 2021 (Inception) through December 31, 2021 because the warrants are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. As a result, diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock is the same as basic net income (loss) per share of common stock for the periods presented. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for each category of common stock:
| ​ | ​ | For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 | ​ | ​ | For the Period from April 19, 2021 (Inception) through December 31, 2021
| ​ | ​ | Common stock subject to possible redemption | ​ | ​ | Common stock | ​ | ​ | Common stock subject to possible redemption | ​ | ​ | Common stock
Basic and diluted net income per share: | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Numerator: | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Allocation of net income | ​ | ​ | $5,627,425 | ​ | ​ | $1,540,313 | ​ | ​ | $45,224 | ​ | ​ | $255,209
| ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Denominator: | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Weighted-average shares outstanding | ​ | ​ | 18,975,000 | ​ | ​ | 5,193,750 | ​ | ​ | 738,327 | ​ | ​ | 4,166,586
Basic and diluted net income per share | ​ | ​ | $0.30 | ​ | ​ | $0.30 | ​ | ​ | $0.06 | ​ | ​ | $0.06
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption The Company’s common stock sold as part of the Units in the IPO (“public common stock”) contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such public shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, or if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99, the Company classifies public common stock outside of permanent equity as the redemption provisions are not solely within the control of the Company. The public common stock was issued with other freestanding instruments (i.e., Public Warrants) and as such, the initial carrying value of public common stock classified as temporary equity was the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the amount of public common stock reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:
Gross proceeds | ​ | ​ | $189,750,000
Less: | ​ | ​ |
Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants | ​ | ​ | (4,204,248)
Common stock issuance costs | ​ | ​ | (7,701,178)
Plus: | ​ | ​ |
Accretion of redeemable common stock | ​ | ​ | 15,680,910
Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2022 | ​ | ​ | 193,525,484
Less: | ​ | ​ |
Partial redemption | ​ | ​ | (184,845,836)
Plus: | ​ | ​ |
Accretion of redeemable common stock | ​ | ​ | 1,941,333
Contingently redeemable common stock, September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | $10,620,981
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption The Company’s common stock sold as part of the Units in the IPO (“public common stock”) contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such public shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, or if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99, the Company classifies public common stock subject to redemption outside of permanent equity as the redemption provisions are not solely within the control of the Company. The public common stock sold as part of the Units in the IPO was issued with other freestanding instruments (i.e., Public Warrants) and as such, the initial carrying value of public common stock classified as temporary equity was the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20. The public common stock is subject to ASC 480-10-S99 and is currently not redeemable as the redemption is contingent upon the occurrence of events mentioned above. According to ASC 480-10-S99-15, no subsequent adjustment is needed if it is not probable that the instrument will become redeemable. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the amount of public common stock reflected on the consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:
Gross proceeds | ​ | ​ | $189,750,000
Less: | ​ | ​ |
Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants | ​ | ​ | (4,204,248)
Common stock issuance costs | ​ | ​ | (7,701,178)
Plus: | ​ | ​ |
Accretion of redeemable common stock | ​ | ​ | 13,802,926
Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2021 | ​ | ​ | $191,647,500
Plus: | ​ | ​ |
Accretion of redeemable common stock | ​ | ​ | 1,877,984
Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2022 | ​ | ​ | $193,525,484
Recently Issued Accounting Standards | Recently Issued Accounting Standards In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13 – Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). This update requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. Since June 2016, the FASB issued clarifying updates to the new standard including changing the effective date for smaller reporting companies. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on its financial statements. Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. | Recently Issued Accounting Standards Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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