INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The Bank utilizes mortgage-backed and other investment securities in its asset/liability management strategy. In making investment decisions, the Bank considers, among other things, its yield and interest rate objectives, its interest rate and credit risk position, and its liquidity and cash flow.

Generally, the investment policy of the Bank is to invest funds among categories of investments and maturities based upon the Bank’s asset/liability management policies, investment quality, loan and deposit volume and collateral requirements, liquidity needs and performance objectives. ASC 320-10-25 requires that securities be classified into three categories: trading, held-to-maturity, and available-for-sale. At March 31, 2016, $56.2 million, or 78.6%, of the Bank’s total securities were classified as available-for-sale, and the remaining $15.3 million, or 21.4%, were classified as held-to-maturity. The Bank had no securities classified as trading at March 31, 2016.

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at March 31, 2016:



	Amortized		Gross Unrealized
$ in thousands	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	$	4,578	$	45	$	—	$	4,623
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	7,778		—		100		7,678
Federal National Mortgage Association	7,860		—		36		7,824
Other	45		—		—		45
Total mortgage-backed securities	20,261		45		136		20,170
U.S. Government Agency Securities	26,077		27		35		26,069
Other investments	10,148		—		207		9,941
Total available-for-sale	56,486		72		378		56,180
Held-to-Maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	2,379		150		—		2,529
Federal National Mortgage Association	11,932		192		—		12,124
Total held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities	14,311		342		—		14,653
Corporate Bonds	1,000		—		—		1,000
Total held-to-maturity	15,311		342		—		15,653
Total securities	$	71,797	$	414	$	378	$	71,833

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at March 31, 2015:



	Amortized		Gross Unrealized
$ in thousands	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	$	5,575	$	9	$	57	$	5,527
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	10,705		10		127		10,588
Federal National Mortgage Association	10,925		35		103		10,857
Other	47		—		—		47
Total mortgage-backed securities	27,252		54		287		27,019
U.S. Government Agency Securities	58,464		48		662		57,850
Other investments ⁽¹⁾	15,533		—		198		15,335
Total available-for-sale	101,249		102		1,147		100,204
Held-to-Maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	3,100		232		—		3,332
Federal National Mortgage Association	8,822		77		—		8,899
Total held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities	11,922		309		—		12,231
Total held-to-maturity	11,922		309		—		12,231
Total securities	$	113,171	$	411	$	1,147	$	112,435

⁽¹⁾March 31, 2015 balance has been been restated from previously reported amounts to correct the classification of $981 thousand of interest-bearing deposits from available-for-sale securities to other assets.

The following is a summary regarding proceeds from securities sales of the available-for-sale portfolio for the years ended March 31:



$ in thousands	2016		2015
Available-for-Sale:
Proceeds	$	4,951	$	994
Gross gains	2		8
Gross losses	1		—

There were no sales of held-to-maturity securities in fiscal years 2016 or 2015. The net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities was $307 thousand at March 31, 2016, compared to $1.0 million at March 31, 2015.

The Bank's investment portfolio is comprised primarily of fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by a Government Sponsored Enterprise (“GSE”) as issuer and Agency securities. Carver maintains a portfolio of mortgage-backed securities in the form of Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) pass-through certificates, Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) participation certificates. GNMA pass-through certificates are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the United States Government, while FNMA and FHLMC certificates are each guaranteed by their respective agencies as to principal and interest. Based on the high quality of the Bank's investment portfolio, current market conditions have not significantly impacted the pricing of the portfolio or the Bank's ability to obtain reliable prices.

At March 31, 2016 the Bank pledged securities of $60.8 million as collateral for advances from the FHLB-NY.

The following table sets forth the unrealized losses and fair value of securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2016 for less than 12 months and 12 months or longer:



	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer				Total
$ in thousands	Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	136	$	15,502	$	136	$	15,502
U.S. Government Agency Securities	3		2,996		32		11,242		35		14,238
Other investments ⁽¹⁾	—		—		207		9,793		207		9,793
Total available-for-sale securities	$	3	$	2,996	$	375	$	36,537	$	378	$	39,533

⁽¹⁾CRA fund comprised of over 95% agency securities

The following table sets forth the unrealized losses and fair value of securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2015 for less than 12 months and 12 months or longer:



	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer				Total
$ in thousands	Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	287	$	22,297	$	287	$	22,297
U.S. Government Agency Securities	57		12,943		605		26,400		662		39,343
Other investments ⁽¹⁾	—		—		198		9,802		198		9,802
Total available-for-sale securities	$	57	$	12,943	$	1,090	$	58,499	$	1,147	$	71,442

⁽¹⁾CRA fund comprised of over 95% agency securities

A total of 13 securities had an unrealized loss at March 31, 2016 compared to 23 at March 31, 2015. Mortgage-backed securities and U.S. Government securities represented 39.2% and 36.0%, respectively, of total available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2016. There were six mortgage-backed securities, six U.S. Government Agency securities, and one investment in a CRA fund that had an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months at March 31, 2016. The cause of the temporary impairment is directly related to changes in interest rates. In general, as interest rates decline, the fair value of securities will rise, and conversely as interest rates rise, the fair value of securities will decline. Management considers fluctuations in fair value as a result of interest rate changes to be temporary, which is consistent with the Bank's experience. The impairments are deemed temporary based on the direct relationship of the change in fair value to movements in interest rates, the life of the investments and their high credit quality. Given the high credit quality of the securities which are backed by the U.S. government's guarantees, the risk of credit loss is minimal. Management believes that these unrealized losses are a direct result of the current rate environment and has the ability and intent to hold the securities until maturity or the valuation recovers.

The amount of an other-than-temporary impairment when there are credit and non-credit losses on a debt security which management does not intend to sell, and for which it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the security prior to the recovery of the non-credit impairment, the portion of the total impairment that is attributable to the credit loss would be recognized in earnings. The remaining difference between the debt security's amortized cost basis and its fair value would be included in other comprehensive income (loss). At March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Bank does not have any securities that are classified as having other-than-temporary impairment in its investment portfolio.

The following is a summary of the carrying value (amortized cost) and fair value of securities at March 31, 2016, by remaining period to contractual maturity (ignoring earlier call dates, if any). Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain security issuers have the right to call or prepay their obligations. The table below does not consider the effects of possible prepayments or unscheduled repayments.



$ in thousands	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted Average Yield
Available-for-Sale:
One through five years	$	4,999	$	4,991	1.52	%
Five through ten years	12,122		12,108		2.06	%
After ten years	39,365		39,081		1.50	%
	56,486		56,180		1.63	%
Held-to-maturity:
Five through ten years	6,921		7,089		3.02	%
After ten years	8,390		8,564		2.53	%
	$	15,311	$	15,653	2.75	%