<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001021771-24-000188.txt : 20241106
<SEC-HEADER>0001021771-24-000188.hdr.sgml : 20241106
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20241106164322
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001021771-24-000188
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		17
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20241101
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20241106
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20241106

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001505497
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-MISC HEALTH & ALLIED SERVICES, NEC [8090]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	08 Industrial Applications and Services
		IRS NUMBER:				301341024
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-37603
		FILM NUMBER:		241431746

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		40 MARCUS DRIVE
		CITY:			MELVILLE
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11747
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(631) 760-8100

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		40 MARCUS DRIVE
		CITY:			MELVILLE
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11747

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Stem Cell Assurance, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20101110
</SEC-HEADER>
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<DESCRIPTION>RODMAN & RENSHAW AT THE MARKET OFFERING AGREEMENT
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Washington, D.C. 20549</div>

      <div style="padding-bottom: 6pt;"> <br/>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: bold;">FORM <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentType" id="Fact_88e05be2dd824b478e25d423f26486d4" contextRef="c20241101to20241101">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CURRENT REPORT</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt;">PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"> <br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate" id="Fact_6626b079fb354c88bb13ec55c126be36" contextRef="c20241101to20241101" format="ixt:date-monthname-day-year-en">November 1, 2024</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 24pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityRegistrantName" id="Fact_97fc4e4fa9a94cf785d1fdcd43a51a91" contextRef="c20241101to20241101">BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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      <div style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center;">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) </div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 12pt;"> <br/>
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              <div style="text-align: left; ">&#160;</div>
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              <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" id="Fact_9f6b1f51630047f1ad4f24d720ed6ef9" contextRef="c20241101to20241101">30-1341024</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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    <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; ">(State or other jurisdiction <br/>
                of incorporation)</div>
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    <td style="width: 5%; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: left; ">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; ">(Commission <br/>
                File Number)</div>
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    <td style="width: 5%; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: left; ">&#160;</div>
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                Identification No.)</div>
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    <td style="width: 47%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; ">(Address of principal executive offices)</div>
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    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: left; ">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 47.48%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; ">(Zip code)</div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt;">Registrant's telephone number, including area code (<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:CityAreaCode" id="Fact_b783fdae18624edd83ba37fe4c9b1e09" contextRef="c20241101to20241101">631</ix:nonNumeric>) <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber" id="Fact_29b4268923974607885aa46a097e0425" contextRef="c20241101to20241101">760-8100</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt;">Not Applicable</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt;">(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"> <br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:</span></div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt;"> <br/>
      </div>

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    <td style="width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; "><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Title of each class</span></div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; "><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Trading Symbol(s)</span></div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; "><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Name of each exchange on which registered</span></div>
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    <td style="width: 33.33%; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_c26174826ee84739a47cab30f8eafb48" contextRef="c20241101to20241101">Common Stock, $0.0001 par value</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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            </td>

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</table>
      <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-size: 10pt;"> Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following
        provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below): </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 7.1pt; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:WrittenCommunications" id="Fact_fce90a95b87a4cefad1c7a328b8cc491" contextRef="c20241101to20241101" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric> Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities
        Act (17 CFR 230.425)</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 6.95pt; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SolicitingMaterial" id="Fact_660aa9b084a7412693152e9386d57b9f" contextRef="c20241101to20241101" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric> Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act
        (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 6.95pt; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer" id="Fact_1fafda89fe584f4ba2b000e8a4f977f5" contextRef="c20241101to20241101" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric> Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under
        the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.05pt; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" id="Fact_8e560d8c6dbb4272bfea275064803d6f" contextRef="c20241101to20241101" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric> Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under
        the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</div>

      <div style="margin-bottom: 2.05pt; font-size: 10pt;"> <br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act
        of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter):</div>

      <div><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">Emerging growth company <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_8c61233bdde1489fb849fe68dfafb815" contextRef="c20241101to20241101" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></div>

      <div><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards
        provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</div>

      <div style="margin-top: 6pt;">
        <hr style="border: none; border-bottom: 4px solid black; border-top: 1px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"/> </div>

    </div>

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      <hr style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"/></div>

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    <td style="width: 15.23%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">Item 1.01</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 84.77%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">Entry into a Material Agreement.</div>
          </td>

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    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">On November 6, 2024, BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the &#8220;Sales Agreement&#8221;) with Rodman
        &amp; Renshaw LLC (the &#8220;Agent&#8221;), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through or to the Agent, shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to
        approximately $3.6 million (the &#8220;Shares&#8221;).</div>

    </div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">&#160;</div>

    </div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The Company is not obligated to sell any Shares under the Sales Agreement. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the Agent will use
        commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, to sell Shares from time to time based upon the Company&#8217;s instructions, including any price, time or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions
        specified by the Company. Under the Sales Agreement, the Agent may sell Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an &#8220;at the market offering&#8221; under Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company will pay the Agent
        a commission equal to 3.0% of the aggregate gross sales proceeds of the Shares sold and provide the Agent with customary indemnification and contribution rights. The offer and sale of the Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon
        the earlier of (a) the sale of the Shares pursuant to the Prospectus Supplement (as defined below) having an aggregate sales price of $3,614,170, or (b) the termination of the Sales Agreement by the Agent or the Company pursuant to the terms and
        conditions contained therein.</div>

    </div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">&#160;</div>

    </div>

    <div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">The issuance and sale, if any, of the Shares by the Company under the Sales Agreement will be made pursuant to the Company&#8217;s effective
        registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration Statement No. 333-269631), including the base prospectus contained therein, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on February 7, 2023, and declared effective on February 14,
        2023. The offering of the Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement is described in the Company&#8217;s Prospectus Supplement, dated November 6, 2024, as filed with the SEC on November 6, 2024 (the &#8220;Prospectus Supplement&#8221;).</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">This Current Report on Form 8-K, including the exhibits filed herewith, is not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy
        the Shares or any other securities of the Company, nor shall there by any offer, solicitation or sale of the Shares or any other securities of the Company in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to
        registration or qualification under the securities laws of such state.</div>

    </div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">&#160;</div>

    </div>

    <div>
      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">The foregoing description of the Sales Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
        full text of the Sales Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. The legal opinion of Certilman Balin Adler &amp; Hyman, LLP, counsel to the Company, relating to
        the validity of the Shares being offered pursuant to the Sales Agreement is filed as Exhibit 5.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

    </div>

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    <td style="width: 16.48%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">Item 1.02</div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 83.52%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement.</div>
          </td>

  </tr>


</table>
    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously disclosed, in April 2023, the Company and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC (&#8220;JonesTrading&#8221;) entered into a Capital on
      Demand<sup>TM</sup> Sales Agreement (the &#8220;Prior Agreement&#8221;) under which the Company could offer and sell, from time to time at its discretion, shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price amount of up to approximately $6.1 million
      through JonesTrading as sale agent.</div>

    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">In connection with the Company&#8217;s entering into the Sale Agreement with the Agent, the Company terminated the Prior Agreement on November
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 16.48%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
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          </td>

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          </td>

  </tr>


</table>
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    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

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  <tr>

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              <div style="font-size: 10pt;">Number<br/>
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          </td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td style="width: 11.54%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; white-space: nowrap;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><a href="ex1_1.htm">1.1</a></div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 1.65%; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><a href="ex1_1.htm">&#160;&#160;</a></div>
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    <td style="width: 86.82%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="ex1_1.htm"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">At The Market Offering A</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">greement, dated as of November 6, 2024, by and between BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. and Rodman &amp; Renshaw LLC</span></a></div>
          </td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td style="width: 11.54%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; white-space: nowrap;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><a href="ex5_1.htm">5.1</a></div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 1.65%; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><a href="ex5_1.htm">&#160;&#160;</a></div>
          </td>

    <td style="width: 86.82%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
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          </td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td style="width: 11.54%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; white-space: nowrap;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><a href="ex5_1.htm">23.1</a></div>
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                5.1)</a></div>
          </td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td style="width: 11.54%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; white-space: nowrap;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">104</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <br/>
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              <div style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; text-align: left;">Dated:&#160; November 6, 2024<br/>
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              <div style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; text-align: left;">By: </div>
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    <td valign="top" align="left" style="width: 35%; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;">/s/ Lance Alstodt<br/>
            </td>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 12%; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 50%;">&#160;</td>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 3%;">&#160;</td>

    <td valign="bottom" align="left" style="width: 35%; white-space: nowrap;">Lance Alstodt<br/>
            </td>

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  <tr>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 50%;">&#160;</td>

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    <td valign="top" style="width: 35%;">President and CEO<br/>
            </td>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 12%;">&#160;</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 50%;">&#160;</td>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 3%;">&#160;</td>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 35%;">&#160;</td>

    <td valign="top" style="width: 12%;">&#160;</td>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-1.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex1_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>AT THE MARKET OFFERING AGREEMENT
<TEXT>
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  <div>
    <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">AT THE MARKET OFFERING AGREEMENT</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; margin-left: 216pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">November 6, 2024</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rodman &amp; Renshaw LLC</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">600 Lexington Avenue, 32<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">nd</sup> Floor</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">New York, NY 10022</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; margin-right: 99.75pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ladies and Gentlemen:</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">BioRestorative Therapies, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of Nevada (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Company</u></font>&#8221;), confirms its agreement (this &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Agreement</u></font>&#8221;) with Rodman &amp; Renshaw LLC (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Manager</u></font>&#8221;) as follows:</div>
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    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Definitions</u></font>. The terms that follow, when used in this Agreement and any Terms
        Agreement, shall have the meanings indicated.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Accountants</u></font>&#8221;&#160;shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(m).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Act</u></font>&#8221; shall mean the
      Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Action</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(p).</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Affiliate</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(o).</div>
    <div><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Applicable Time</u></font>&#8221; shall
      mean, with respect to any Shares, the time of sale of such Shares pursuant to this Agreement or any relevant Terms Agreement.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;</div>
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    <div><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Board</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(iii).</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Broker Fee</u></font>&#8221; shall have
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Business Day</u></font>&#8221; shall mean
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Code</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Commission</u></font>&#8221; shall mean
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Company Nevada Counsel</u></font>&#8221;
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Distribution</u></font>&#8221; shall have
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Execution Time</u></font>&#8221; shall
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>GAAP</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(m).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>GDPR</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(nn).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Hazardous Materials</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(s).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Incorporated Documents</u></font>&#8221;
      shall mean the documents or portions thereof filed with the Commission on or prior to the Effective Date that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus and any documents or portions thereof filed with the
      Commission after the Effective Date that are deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8220;<u>Indebtedness</u>&#8221; </font>shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Section 3(ee).</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8220;<u>Intellectual Property Rights</u>&#8221; </font>shall

      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(v).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Issuer Free Writing Prospectus</u></font>&#8221;
      shall mean an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule&#160;433.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>IT Systems and Data</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(ll).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Liens</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(a).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Losses</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 7(d).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Material Adverse Effect</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(b).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Material Permits</u></font>&#8221; shall
      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(t).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Maximum Amount</u></font>&#8221; shall
      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Money Laundering Laws</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(rr).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Net Proceeds</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(v).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(g).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Person</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(e).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Pharmaceutical Product</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(jj).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Placement</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(c).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Plan of Distribution</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(f).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Policies</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(nn).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Privacy Laws</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(nn).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Proceeding</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(b).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Prospectus</u></font>&#8221; shall mean
      the Base Prospectus, as supplemented by the most recently filed Prospectus Supplement (if any).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Prospectus Supplement</u></font>&#8221;
      shall mean each prospectus supplement relating to the Shares prepared and filed pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b) from time to time.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Record Date</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(ix).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Registration Statement</u></font>&#8221;
      shall mean the shelf registration statement (File Number&#160;333-269631) on Form&#160;S-3, including exhibits and financial statements filed with or incorporated by reference into such registration statement and any prospectus supplement relating to the
      Shares that is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b) and deemed part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule&#160;430B, as amended on each Effective Date and, in the event any post-effective amendment thereto becomes effective, shall
      also mean such registration statement as so amended.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Representation Date</u></font>&#8221;
      shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(k).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Required Approvals</u></font>&#8221; shall
      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(e).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;158</u></font>&#8221;, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;164</u></font>&#8221;, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;172</u></font>&#8221;, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;173</u></font>&#8221;, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;405</u></font>&#8221;, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;415</u></font>&#8221;,


      &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;424</u></font>&#8221;, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;430B</u></font>&#8221; and &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rule&#160;433</u></font>&#8221; refer to such rules under the Act.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Sales Notice</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(i).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Sanctions</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(oo).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>SEC Reports</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(m).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Settlement Date</u></font>&#8221; shall
      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(b)(vii).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Shares</u></font>&#8221; shall have the
      meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Subsidiary</u></font>&#8221; shall have
      the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(a).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Terms Agreement</u></font>&#8221; shall
      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(a).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Time of Delivery</u></font>&#8221; shall
      have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2(c).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Trading Day</u></font>&#8221; means a day
      on which the Trading Market is open for trading.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Trading Market</u></font>&#8221; means any
      of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market or the New York Stock
      Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information that is &#8220;contained,&#8221;
      &#8220;included&#8221; or &#8220;stated in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is or is deemed to be
      incorporated by reference in or otherwise deemed under the Act to be a part of or included in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may be, as of any specified date; and all references in this Agreement to amendments or
      supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include, without limitation, the filing of any Incorporated Document to be a part of or included in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may
      be, as of any specified date.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Sale and Delivery of Shares</u></font>. The Company proposes to issue and sell through or to the
        Manager, as sales agent and/or principal, from time to time during the term of this Agreement and on the terms set forth herein, up to such number of shares (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Shares</u></font>&#8221;)


        of the Company&#8217;s common stock, $0.0001&#160;par value per share (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Common Stock</u></font>&#8221;), that does not exceed (a) the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock
        registered on the Prospectus Supplement, pursuant to which the offering is being made, (b) the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock (less the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of any
        outstanding securities of the Company or otherwise reserved from the Company&#8217;s authorized capital stock), or (c) the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock that would cause the Company or the offering of the Shares to not satisfy the
        eligibility and transaction requirements for use of Form S-3, including, if applicable, General Instruction I.B.6 of Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the lesser of (a), (b) and (c), the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Maximum Amount</u></font>&#8221;).&#160; Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitations set forth in this Section 2 on the number and aggregate sales price
        of Shares issued and sold under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company and that the Manager shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z99b71b8bcc6d4fcd893580f1f7d6f296" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(a)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Appointment of Manager as Selling Agent; Terms
                    Agreement</u></font>.&#160; For purposes of selling the Shares through the Manager, the Company hereby appoints the Manager as exclusive agent of the Company for the purpose of selling the Shares of the Company pursuant to this Agreement and
                the Manager agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on the terms and subject to the conditions stated herein. The Company agrees that, whenever it determines to sell the Shares directly to the Manager as
                principal, it will enter into a separate agreement (each, a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Terms Agreement</u></font>&#8221;) in substantially the form of <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Annex I</u></font> hereto, relating to such sale in accordance with Section&#160;2 of this Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z99de894227464696a651752eb444ede9" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(b)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Agent Sales</u></font>.&#160; Subject to the terms
                and conditions and in reliance upon the representations and warranties herein set forth, the Company will issue and agrees to sell Shares from time to time through the Manager, acting as sales agent, and the Manager agrees to use its
                commercially reasonable efforts to sell, as sales agent for the Company, on the following terms:</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z64a4cac423ae487aa3d93de686d03003" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(i)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Shares are to be sold on a daily basis or otherwise as shall be agreed to by the Company and the Manager on any day that
                (A)&#160;is a Trading Day, (B)&#160;the Company has instructed the Manager by telephone (confirmed promptly by electronic mail) to make such sales (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Sales Notice</u></font>&#8221;)


                and (C) the Company has satisfied its obligations under Section 6 of this Agreement.&#160; The Company will designate the maximum amount of the Shares to be sold by the Manager daily (subject to the limitations set forth in Section 2(d)) and the
                minimum price per Share at which such Shares may be sold.&#160; Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Manager shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell on a particular day all of the Shares designated for the sale by the
                Company on such day. The gross sales price of the Shares sold under this Section&#160;2(b) shall be the market price for the shares of Common Stock sold by the Manager under this Section&#160;2(b) on the Trading Market at the time of sale of such
                Shares.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zbd8909a3f7ca482385350be8bd65bc1e" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Company acknowledges and agrees that (A)&#160;there can be no assurance that the Manager will be successful in selling the
                Shares, (B)&#160;the Manager will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other Person if it does not sell the Shares for any reason other than a failure by the Manager to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with
                its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Shares as required under this Agreement, and (C)&#160;the Manager shall be under no obligation to purchase Shares on a principal basis pursuant to this
                Agreement, except as otherwise specifically agreed by the Manager and the Company pursuant to a Terms Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z2bdbfcbb670945f78daadcb80ecd5f15" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(iii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Company shall not authorize the issuance and sale of, and the Manager shall not be obligated to use its commercially
                reasonable efforts to sell, any Share at a price lower than the minimum price therefor designated from time to time by the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Board</u></font>&#8221;),


                or a duly authorized committee thereof, or such duly authorized officers of the Company, and notified to the Manager in writing. The Company or the Manager may, upon notice to the other party hereto by telephone (confirmed promptly by
                electronic mail), suspend the offering of the Shares for any reason and at any time; <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>however</u></font>, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties&#8217; respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z430ccc8bffd94845beeaf8afad772775" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(iv)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Manager may sell Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an &#8220;at the market offering&#8221; as defined in Rule 415
                under the Act, including without limitation sales made directly on the Trading Market, on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock or to or through a market maker. The Manager may also sell Shares (i) in privately negotiated
                transactions with the consent of the Company or (ii) in block transactions. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to require either party to agree to the method of offer and sale specified in this Section 2(b)(iv), and (except as
                specified in clauses (i) and (ii) of the preceding sentence) the method of placement of any Shares by the Manager shall be at the Manager&#8217;s discretion.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z08f3c5afd5684b44a0a641b69681453a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(v)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The compensation to the Manager for sales of the Shares under this Section 2(b) shall be a placement fee of 3.0% of the gross
                sales price of the Shares sold pursuant to this Section 2(b) (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Broker Fee</u></font>&#8221;). The foregoing rate of compensation shall not apply when the Manager acts
                as principal, in which case the Company may sell Shares to the Manager as principal at a price agreed upon at the relevant Applicable Time pursuant to a Terms Agreement. The remaining proceeds, after deduction of the Broker Fee and
                deduction of any transaction fees imposed by any clearing firm, execution broker, or governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales, shall constitute the net proceeds to the Company for such Shares (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Net Proceeds</u></font>&#8221;).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zccccc74b19d64f7f824c0cd7a64f6a35" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(vi)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Manager shall provide written confirmation (which may be by electronic mail) to the Company following the close of trading
                on the Trading Market each day in which the Shares are sold under this Section 2(b) setting forth the number of the Shares sold on such day, the aggregate gross sales proceeds and the Net Proceeds to the Company, and the compensation
                payable by the Company to the Manager with respect to such sales.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z40f9e6051e4446b88b828b154749c9e4" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(vii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Unless otherwise agreed between the Company and the Manager, settlement for sales of the Shares will occur at 10:00 a.m. (New
                York City time) on the first (1st) Trading Day, <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">or any other settlement cycle as may be in effect pursuant to Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act from time to time</font>)
                following the date on which such sales are made (each, a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Settlement Date</u></font>&#8221;). On or before the Trading Day prior to each Settlement Date, the Company
                will, or will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer the Shares being sold by crediting the Manager&#8217;s or its designee&#8217;s account (provided that the Manager shall have given the Company written notice of such designee at least
                one Trading Day prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>DTC</u></font>&#8221;) through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by
                such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which Shares in all cases shall be freely tradable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form. On each Settlement Date, the Manager will
                deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company. The Company agrees that, if the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver duly authorized Shares on a
                Settlement Date, in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and obligations set forth in Section 7 hereto, the Company will (i) hold the Manager harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or reasonable, documented expense (including
                reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default by the Company, and (ii) pay to the Manager any commission, discount or other compensation to which the Manager would
                otherwise have been entitled absent such default.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z6b5f8b0d895b4901ada23c2a2308fdb8" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(viii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">At each Applicable Time, Settlement Date and Representation Date, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each
                representation and warranty contained in this Agreement as if such representation and warranty were made as of such date, modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended as of such date. Any
                obligation of the Manager to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on behalf of the Company shall be subject to the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by
                the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction of the additional conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8bd579d790204b44a5ed1172f66a8390" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ix)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">If the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to
                holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate
                rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Distribution</u></font>&#8221; and the record date for the determination of stockholders
                entitled to receive the Distribution, the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Record Date</u></font>&#8221;), the Company hereby covenants that, in connection with any sales of Shares pursuant to a
                Sales Notice on the Record Date, the Company shall issue and deliver such Shares to the Manager on the Record Date and the Record Date shall be the Settlement Date and the Company shall cover any additional costs of the Manager in
                connection with the delivery of Shares on the Record Date.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z719402ecd89f476a8c4410f84ccdf179" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(c)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Term Sales</u></font>.&#160; If the Company wishes
                to sell the Shares pursuant to this Agreement in a manner other than as set forth in Section 2(b) of this Agreement (each, a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Placement</u></font>&#8221;), the
                Company will notify the Manager of the proposed terms of such Placement. If the Manager, acting as principal, wishes to accept such proposed terms (which it may decline to do for any reason in its sole discretion) or, following discussions
                with the Company wishes to accept amended terms, the Manager and the Company will enter into a Terms Agreement setting forth the terms of such Placement. The terms set forth in a Terms Agreement will not be binding on the Company or the
                Manager unless and until the Company and the Manager have each executed such Terms Agreement accepting all of the terms of such Terms Agreement. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Terms
                Agreement, the terms of such Terms Agreement will control.&#160; A Terms Agreement may also specify certain provisions relating to the reoffering of such Shares by the Manager. The commitment of the Manager to purchase the Shares pursuant to any
                Terms Agreement shall be deemed to have been made on the basis of the representations and warranties of the Company herein contained and shall be subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth. Each Terms Agreement shall specify the
                number of the Shares to be purchased by the Manager pursuant thereto, the price to be paid to the Company for such Shares, any provisions relating to rights of, and default by, underwriters acting together with the Manager in the reoffering
                of the Shares, and the time and date (each such time and date being referred to herein as a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Time of Delivery</u></font>&#8221;) and place of delivery of and payment
                for such Shares. Such Terms Agreement shall also specify any requirements for opinions of counsel, accountants&#8217; letters and officers&#8217; certificates pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement and any other information or documents required by
                the Manager.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z4ccfe1dff4e74d708e745204f51119a7" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(d)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Maximum Number of Shares</u></font>.&#160; Under no
                circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Shares if, after giving effect to the sale of such Shares, the aggregate amount of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement would exceed the lesser of (A) together with
                all sales of Shares under this Agreement, the Maximum Amount, (B) the amount available for offer and sale under the currently effective Registration Statement and (C) the amount authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this
                Agreement by the Board, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to the Manager in writing.&#160; Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Shares
                pursuant to this Agreement at a price lower than the minimum price authorized from time to time by the Board, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive officer, and notified to the Manager in writing. Further, under
                no circumstances shall the Company cause or permit the aggregate offering amount of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Maximum Amount.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd2177419406446269ca187f89ffb1251" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(e)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Regulation M Notice</u></font>.&#160; Unless the
                exceptive provisions set forth in Rule&#160;101(c)(1) of Regulation&#160;M under the Exchange Act are satisfied with respect to the Shares, the Company shall give the Manager at least one (1) Business Day&#8217;s prior notice of its intent to sell any
                Shares in order to allow the Manager time to comply with Regulation M.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Representations and Warranties</u></font>.&#160; The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees
        with, the Manager at the Execution Time and on each such time that the following representations and warranties are repeated or deemed to be made pursuant to this Agreement, as set forth below, except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the
        Prospectus or the Incorporated Documents.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zed25f67fc33b4557a97795a705a37173" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(a)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Subsidiaries</u>.&#160; All of the direct and
                  indirect subsidiaries (individually, a &#8220;<u>Subsidiary</u>&#8221;) of the Company are set forth on Exhibit 21.1 to the Company&#8217;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission (or incorporated by reference thereto).&#160; The
                  Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any &#8220;<u>Liens</u>&#8221; (which for purposes of this Agreement shall mean a lien, charge, security interest,
                  encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction), </font>and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock and other equity interests of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid,
                non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z111e314580684d21881d5ad4ffdae8fe" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(b)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Organization and Qualification</u>.&#160; </font>The

                Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and
                authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted.&#160; Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor in default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or
                articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents.&#160; Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each
                jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be
                expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of this Agreement, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or
                otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or the Incorporated Documents, or (iii) a material adverse
                effect on the Company&#8217;s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under this Agreement (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Material

                    Adverse Effect</u></font>,&#8221; except that &#8220;Material Adverse Effect&#8221; shall not include changes or effects resulting from (u) changes in general economic conditions, (v) changes affecting generally the industries or markets in which the
                Company operates, (w) acts of war, sabotage or terrorism, military actions or the escalation thereof, (x) any changes in applicable laws or accounting rules or principles, including changes in GAAP, (y) any other action required by this
                Agreement, or (z) the announcement of this Agreement, provided that, for letters (u), (v), (w) and (x) above, the exception will apply solely to the extent such changes or effects do not have a materially disproportionate adverse impact or
                effect upon the Company when compared to other industry participants) and no <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8220;<u>Proceeding</u>&#8221; (which for purposes of this Agreement shall mean any action,
                  claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened) has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking,
                  limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z87276a89e31b446ba6af003da1db3fab" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(c)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Authorization and Enforcement</u>.&#160; </font>The

                Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder.&#160; The execution and delivery of this Agreement by
                the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board or the Company&#8217;s
                stockholders in connection herewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals.&#160; This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid
                and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of
                general application affecting enforcement of creditors&#8217; rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and
                contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zebb5e139dae047d38a2ac53f1c1b6f29" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(d)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>No Conflicts</u>.&#160; </font>The execution,
                delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Shares and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the
                Company&#8217;s or any Subsidiary&#8217;s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become
                a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or
                cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary
                is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment,
                injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company
                or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z7946402492414a40b32a943633266819" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(e)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Filings, Consents and Approvals.</u>&#160; The
                  Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other &#8220;<u>Person</u>&#8221;
                  (defined as an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of
                  any kind, including the Trading Market) in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, other than (i) the filings required by this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the
                  Prospectus Supplement, (iii) the filing of application(s) to and approval by the Trading Market for the listing of the Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) such filings as are required to be made
                  under applicable state securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (&#8220;<u>FINRA</u>&#8221;) (collectively, the &#8220;<u>Required Approvals</u>&#8221;)</font>.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z6e0a04436ffa45f5b25d2594c3261a8c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(f)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Issuance of Shares</u>.&#160; The Shares are duly
                  authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with this Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company.&#160; The Company has reserved from its duly
                  authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement based upon the price per share of the Common Stock on the Trading Day as of which this representation is made.&#160; The issuance by the
                  Company of the Shares has been registered under the Act and all of the Shares are freely transferable and tradable by the purchasers thereof without restriction (other than any restrictions arising solely from an act or omission of such a
                  purchaser).&#160; The Shares are being issued pursuant to the Registration Statement and the issuance of the Shares has been registered by the Company under the Act.&#160; The &#8220;<u>Plan of Distribution</u>&#8221; section within the Registration Statement
                  permits the issuance and sale of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement.&#160; Upon receipt of the Shares, the purchasers of such Shares will have good and marketable title to such Shares and the Shares will be freely tradable on the
                  Trading Market</font>.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1450432c93d3491cb0d5ab4b4b68826b" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(g)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Capitalization</u>.&#160; </font>The
                capitalization of the Company is as set forth in the SEC Reports.&#160; The Company has not issued any capital stock since its <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">most recently filed periodic report
                  under the Exchange Act, </font>other than (i) pursuant to the exercise of employee equity awards under the Company&#8217;s equity award plans, (ii) the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company&#8217;s equity award
                plans, (iii) pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of securities exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into Common Stock and (iv) the issuance of shares of Common Stock held in abeyance in connection with the exercise of a warrant
                (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Common Stock Equivalents</u></font>&#8221;) outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act.&#160; No Person has any right
                of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.&#160; Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip
                rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any
                shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common
                Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary.&#160; The issuance and sale of the Shares will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person. There are no outstanding
                securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary.&#160;
                There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any
                Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or &#8220;phantom stock&#8221; plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement except as provided for
                in its 2021 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state
                securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.&#160; No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board or others
                is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares.&#160; There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company&#8217;s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of
                the Company, between or among any of the Company&#8217;s stockholders.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zea2b19b521fb411d83b246d23797c022" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(h)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Registration Statement</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company meets the requirements for use of Form&#160;S-3 under the Act and has prepared and filed with the Commission the Registration Statement, including the Base Prospectus, for registration under the Act of the offering and sale of the
                Shares.&#160; Such Registration Statement is effective and available for the offer and sale of the Shares as of the date hereof. As filed, the Base Prospectus contains all information required by the Act and the rules thereunder, and, except to
                the extent the Manager shall agree in writing to a modification, shall be in all substantive respects in the form furnished to the Manager prior to the Execution Time or prior to any such time this representation is repeated or deemed to be
                made. The Registration Statement, at the Execution Time, each such time this representation is repeated or deemed to be made, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through
                compliance with Rule&#160;172, 173 or any similar rule) in connection with any offer or sale of the Shares, meets the requirements set forth in Rule&#160;415(a)(1)(x). The initial Effective Date of the Registration Statement was not earlier than the
                date three years before the Execution Time.&#160; The Company meets the transaction requirements as set forth in General Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3 or, if applicable, as set forth in General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 with respect to the
                aggregate market value of securities being sold pursuant to this offering and during the twelve (12) months prior to this offering.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zf179419bb6944f07af6d0e19bfd657e8" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(i)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Accuracy of Incorporated Documents</u>.&#160; The
                  Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, and none of the Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the
                  Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading; and any further documents
                  so filed and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the
                  requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
                  circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zfe03a72b5a65465baaf53fd252803490" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(j)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Ineligible Issuer</u></font>.&#160; (i)&#160;At the
                earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule&#160;164(h)(2)) of the Shares and (ii)&#160;as of the Execution Time and on each such
                time this representation is repeated or deemed to be made (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause&#160;(ii)), the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule&#160;405), without taking
                account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule&#160;405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an Ineligible Issuer.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8d2ce2cf92714026af2c99cd263d418e" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(k)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Free Writing Prospectus</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company is eligible to use Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses.&#160; Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus does not include any information the substance of which conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, including any
                Incorporated Documents and any prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified; and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
                material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing
                Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Manager specifically for use therein.&#160; <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Any </font>Issuer Free
                Writing Prospectus<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements
                  of the Act and the rules thereunder.&#160; Each </font>Issuer Free Writing Prospectus <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) or
                  that was prepared by or behalf of or used by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the rules thereunder.&#160; The Company will not, without the prior consent of the Manager, prepare,
                  use or refer to, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9020c1c418a44a26a659fbee525b397e" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(l)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Proceedings Related to Registration Statement</u></font>.&#160;


                The Registration Statement is not the subject of a pending proceeding or examination under Section&#160;8(d) or 8(e) of the Act, and the Company is not the subject of a pending proceeding under Section&#160;8A of the Act in connection with the
                offering of the Shares. <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Company has not received any notice that the Commission has issued or intends to issue a stop-order with respect to the Registration
                  Statement or that the Commission otherwise has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, or intends or has threatened in writing to do so.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z00476d5827b74e0687096f57202908a1" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(m)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>SEC Reports</u>.&#160; Except for the Form 10-Q for
                  the quarter ended March 31, 2024, filed with the Commission on June 11, 2024, </font>the Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Act and the Exchange
                Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the
                exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively referred to herein as the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>SEC Reports</u></font>&#8221;) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension.&#160; As of their respective dates, the SEC
                Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact
                required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all
                material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing, except to the extent restated as set forth in Amendment No. 1 to the
                Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2023. The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement fairly presents the information
                called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission&#8217;s rules and guidelines applicable thereto.&#160; No other financial statements or supporting schedules are required to be included in the <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus</font>. Such financial statements, as restated, have been prepared in
                accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>GAAP</u></font>&#8221;), except as
                may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position
                of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit
                adjustments.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zba2ba2ceaf73472dbdb776d1a2b41bef" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(n)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Statistical and Market-Related Data</u></font>.
                All statistical, demographic and market&#8209;related data included in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes, after reasonable inquiry, to be reliable and accurate.&#160; To the
                extent required, the Company has obtained the written consent for the use of such data from such sources.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd7d375033c5344768184a4953b9e4f0c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(o)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Material Changes; Undisclosed Events,
                    Liabilities or Developments</u></font>.&#160; Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in a subsequent SEC Report filed prior to the date on which this
                representation is being made, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or
                otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company&#8217;s financial statements pursuant to GAAP
                or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased,
                redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock, (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Affiliate</u></font>&#8221;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (defined as any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under
                  common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144 under the Act)</font>, except pursuant to existing Company equity award plans, and (vi) no executive officer of the Company or member of the Board has
                resigned from any position with the Company, except that Robert Paccasassi, Vice President of Quality Assurance/Regulatory Compliance, has resigned from such position.&#160; The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for
                confidential treatment of information.&#160; Except for the issuance of the Shares contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or
                exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at
                the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one (1) Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z7ab17e20e574461e9e1acd11376f5b5a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(p)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Litigation</u>.&#160; </font>There is no action,
                suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court,
                arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Action</u></font>&#8221;).&#160;
                None of the Actions set forth in the SEC Reports, (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of this Agreement or the Shares or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be
                expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.&#160; Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or
                liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty.&#160; There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the
                Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company.&#160; The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the
                Exchange Act or the Act.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z948b11d42de2484e842f21a5d174c5b6" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(q)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Labor Relations</u>.&#160; </font>No labor dispute
                exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.&#160; None of the Company&#8217;s or its Subsidiaries&#8217; employees is
                a member of a union that relates to such employee&#8217;s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries
                believe that their relationships with their employees are good.&#160; To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment
                contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such
                executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters.&#160; The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable U.S. federal, state, local and
                foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
                expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z06372268fad541ed939e77f5ec0f1c81" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(r)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Compliance</u></font>.&#160; Neither the Company
                nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the
                Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its
                properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any
                statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and
                safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zfef038901cfa4ff48ebbc0e4cf65763b" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(s)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Environmental Laws</u>.</font> <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The

                  Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or
                  subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Hazardous Materials</u></font>&#8221;) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of
                  Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved
                  thereunder (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Environmental Laws</u></font>&#8221;); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws
                  to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to
                  have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zed1a25fecba744af869e05ad625c6bce" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(t)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Regulatory Permits</u></font>.&#160; The Company
                and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports,
                except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Material Permits</u></font>&#8221;), and
                neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zf4c047a5d1db4e25b8efc217f385472c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(u)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Title to Assets</u>.&#160; </font>The Company and
                the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in
                each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the
                Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties.&#160; Any real
                property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z4a4de9a31b314f7d937a4a127a19b904" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(v)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Intellectual Property</u>.&#160; </font>The
                Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property
                rights and similar rights as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Intellectual
                    Property Rights</u></font>&#8221;).&#160; None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to
                expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement.&#160; Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a
                written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect.&#160; To
                the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights.&#160; The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable
                security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
                Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any facts that would preclude it from having valid license rights or clear title to the Intellectual Property rights.&#160; The Company has no knowledge that it lacks or will be unable to obtain any rights
                or licenses to use all Intellectual Property Rights that are necessary to conduct its business.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1d081e74d726403cbcf821721571b7cd" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(w)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Insurance</u>.&#160; </font>The Company and the
                Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including,
                but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage.&#160; Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to
                obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z57f03da3c2f941fc96c0db184df03775" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(x)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Affiliate Transactions</u>.&#160; </font>Except as
                set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the
                Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal
                property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer,
                director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered,
                (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including equity award agreements under any equity award plan of the Company.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1cffed6bac644f2faa60aa81a1ccd5a1" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(y)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Sarbanes Oxley Compliance</u>.&#160; </font>The
                Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and
                regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof.&#160; Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, t<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">he Company and the
                  Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management&#8217;s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are
                  recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&#8217;s general or specific authorization,
                  and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure
                  controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the
                  Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission&#8217;s rules and forms.&#160; The Company&#8217;s certifying officers have evaluated
                  the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the &#8220;<u>Evaluation Date</u>&#8221;).

                  The effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures to perform the functions for which they were established is as set forth in the SEC Reports.&#160; The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
                  Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. </font>Since the Evaluation Date, except as set forth in the SEC
                Reports, there have been no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated) and no change in the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting that
                has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting.<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> Since the Evaluation Date, there
                  have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
                  internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zc6f975524f1048599fcb93040a6a45da" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(z)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Certain Fees</u></font>.&#160; Other than payments
                to be made to the Manager, no brokerage or finder&#8217;s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person
                with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.&#160; The Manager shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this
                Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z75d40dbd3a5340f1b0f92f7905d96e01" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(aa)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>No Other Sales Agency Agreement</u></font>.&#160;
                Except for JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC, the Company has not entered into any other sales agency agreements or other similar arrangements with any agent or any other representative in respect of at the market offerings of the
                Shares.&#160; Such agreement has been terminated.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z72ff90bc58ca4dc281c67e61205b8006" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(bb)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Investment Company</u></font>.&#160; The Company is
                not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Shares from the Manager pursuant to this Agreement, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an &#8220;investment company&#8221; within the meaning of the Investment Company
                Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an &#8220;investment company&#8221; subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its
                business in a manner so as to reasonably ensure that it or its Subsidiaries will not become an &#8220;investment company&#8221; subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z796f565465d8444087e2e329ca046129" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(cc)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Listing and Maintenance Requirements</u></font>.&#160;


                The Common Stock is listed on the Trading Market and the issuance of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.&#160; The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
                or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received
                any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.&#160; Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which
                the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the
                foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing
                corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z60d346bb806646faa8dacf9bb223de4a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(dd)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Application of Takeover Protections</u></font>.&#160;


                There is no control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti&#8209;takeover provision under the Company&#8217;s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter
                documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable by the issuance and sale of the Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1a7a672936744a778a55b7bb93abcfb0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ee)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Solvency</u></font>.&#160; Based on the
                consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the date hereof, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company&#8217;s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company&#8217;s existing debts and other
                liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company&#8217;s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital
                needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company,
                together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such
                amounts are required to be paid.&#160; The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt) within one year
                from the date hereof.&#160; The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year
                from the date hereof.&#160; The SEC Reports set forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments.&#160; For the purposes of
                this Agreement, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Indebtedness</u></font>&#8221; means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable
                incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
                sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of
                $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP.&#160; Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zebcbf5dd8f3e4d2f8767735f17cd579f" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ff)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Tax Status</u></font>.&#160; Except for matters
                that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all
                foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined
                to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or
                declarations apply.&#160; There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z6ad97e894e4a4d08ad7ec3f667139af5" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(gg)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Foreign Corrupt Practices</u></font>.&#160; Neither
                the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions,
                gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or
                campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated
                in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze05eafbbe5a041cf84c6b009802090d7" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(hh)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Accountants</u></font>.&#160; The Company&#8217;s
                accounting firm is set forth in the SEC Reports.&#160; To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion with respect to
                the financial statements to be included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3ea5c0501f8c488e96e46b4494d2db89" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Regulation M Compliance</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to
                facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Shares, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting
                another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Manager in connection with the Shares.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z08f305de23a243fd8cdc199c23424bc4" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(jj)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>FDA</u></font>.&#160; As to each product subject to
                the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>FDA</u></font>&#8221;) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations
                thereunder (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>FDCA</u></font>&#8221;) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
                (each such product, a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Pharmaceutical Product</u></font>&#8221;), such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold
                and/or marketed by the Company in compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration, investigational use, premarket clearance, licensure, or application approval, good
                manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices, good clinical practices, product listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure to be in compliance would not have a Material
                Adverse Effect.&#160; There is no pending, completed or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the
                Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the premarket clearance,
                licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests
                the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company
                or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or
                (vi) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect.&#160; The properties, business and
                operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA.&#160; The Company has not been informed by the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the
                marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving or clearing for marketing any product being developed or
                proposed to be developed by the Company.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd3f19fe4a2304709a5ec904add06ad1e" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(kk)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>ERISA Compliance</u></font>.&#160; Except as
                otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries and any &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221; (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations
                and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>ERISA</u></font>&#8221;)) established or maintained by the Company, its Subsidiaries or their &#8220;ERISA
                Affiliates&#8221; (as defined below) are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA.&#160; &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>ERISA Affiliate</u></font>&#8221; means, with respect to the Company or any of
                its Subsidiaries, any member of any group of organizations described in Sections&#160;414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Code</u></font>&#8221;) of which the Company or such Subsidiary is a member.&#160; No &#8220;reportable event&#8221; (as defined under ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to
                occur with respect to any &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221; established or maintained by the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their ERISA Affiliates. No &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221; established or maintained by the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of
                their ERISA Affiliates, if such &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221; were terminated, would have any &#8220;amount of unfunded benefit liabilities&#8221; (as defined under ERISA). Neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor any of their ERISA Affiliates has incurred
                or reasonably expects to incur any liability under (i)&#160;Title&#160;IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221; or (ii)&#160;Sections&#160;412, 4971, 4975 or 4980B of the Code. Each &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221;
                established or maintained by the Company, its subsidiaries or any of their ERISA Affiliates that is intended to be qualified under Section&#160;401(a) of the Code is so qualified and nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act,
                which would cause the loss of such qualification.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zac21a3f287754664a4cfcff56e41e46a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ll)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Equity Award Plans</u></font>. Each equity
                award granted by the Company under the Company&#8217;s equity award plan was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the Company&#8217;s equity award plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock
                on the date such equity award would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No equity award granted under the Company&#8217;s equity award plan has been backdated.&#160; The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been
                no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, equity awards prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of equity awards with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its
                Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zefcaebd262004988927765907f205e8f" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(mm)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Cybersecurity</u></font>.&#160; (i)(x) <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">T</font>here has been no security breach or other compromise of or relating to any of the Company&#8217;s or any Subsidiary&#8217;s information technology and computer systems,
                networks, hardware, software, data (including the data of its respective customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third party data maintained by or on behalf of it), equipment or technology (collectively, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>IT Systems and Data</u></font>&#8221;) and (y) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not been notified of, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected
                to result in, any security breach or other compromise to its IT Systems and Data; (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries are presently in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any
                court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Data from unauthorized use,
                access, misappropriation or modification, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; (iii)&#160;the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable safeguards to
                maintain and protect its material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and Data; and (iv) the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented backup and disaster recovery
                technology consistent with industry standards and practices.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze27bc3734e034581a74498833d838f11" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(nn)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Compliance with Data Privacy Laws</u></font>.&#160;
                (i) The Company and the Subsidiaries are, and at all times during the past three years were, in compliance with all applicable data privacy and security laws and regulations, including, as applicable, the European Union General Data
                Protection Regulation (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>GDPR</u></font>&#8221;) (EU 2016/679) (collectively, &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Privacy
                    Laws</u></font>&#8221;); (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take appropriate steps reasonably designed to ensure compliance with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security and the
                collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling and analysis of Personal Data (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Policies</u></font>&#8221;); (iii) the Company provides accurate notice of its
                applicable Policies to its customers, employees, third party vendors and representatives as required by Privacy Laws; and (iv) applicable Policies provide accurate and sufficient notice of the Company&#8217;s then-current privacy practices
                relating to its subject matter, and do not contain any material omissions of the Company&#8217;s then-current privacy practices, as required by Privacy Laws, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Personal Data</u></font>&#8221; means (i) a natural person&#8217;s name, street address, telephone number, email address, photograph, social security number, bank information,
                or customer or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify as &#8220;personally identifying information&#8221; under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) &#8220;personal data&#8221; as defined by GDPR; and (iv) any other piece of
                information that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection or analysis of any identifiable data related to an identified person&#8217;s health or sexual orientation. (i) None of such
                disclosures made or contained in any of the Policies have been inaccurate, misleading, or deceptive in material violation of any Privacy Laws and (ii) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement will not result in a breach of
                any Privacy Laws or Policies.&#160; Neither the Company nor the Subsidiaries, (i) has, to the knowledge of the Company, received written notice of any actual or potential liability of the Company or the Subsidiaries under, or actual or potential
                violation by the Company or the Subsidiaries of, any of the Privacy Laws; (ii) is currently conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any investigation, remediation or other corrective action pursuant to any regulatory request or
                demand pursuant to any Privacy Law; or (iii) is a party to any order, decree, or agreement by or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority that imposed any obligation or liability under any Privacy Law.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z53f077ecf6ef482c83fe6193be486d0d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(oo)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Office of Foreign Assets Control</u></font>.
                Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any of the directors, officers or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries, is an individual or entity that is, or is owned or controlled by an
                individual or entity that is: (i) the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury&#8217;s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, His Majesty&#8217;s Treasury,
                or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Sanctions</u></font>&#8221;), nor (ii) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the
                subject of Sanctions. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the transactions contemplated hereby, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary,
                joint venture partner or other Person: (i) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions or (ii) in any
                other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including any Person participating in the transactions contemplated hereby, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise). For the past five years, neither
                the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has knowingly engaged in, and is not now knowingly engaged in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was
                the subject of Sanctions.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z95656c75441b494dbfb971ebdc4d0a97" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(pp)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation</u></font>.&#160;


                The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon the Manager&#8217;s request.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z738055bd50634b31b11d400a929cda5b" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(qq)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Bank Holding Company Act</u></font>.&#160; Neither
                the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>BHCA</u></font>&#8221;) and to regulation
                by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Federal Reserve</u></font>&#8221;).&#160; Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the&#160;
                knowledge of the Company, any of its Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a
                bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.&#160; Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any
                entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3c741553ab884cc396346e4e155cda12" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(rr)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Money Laundering</u></font>.&#160; The operations
                of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance in all material respects with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act
                of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Money Laundering Laws</u></font>&#8221;),


                and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company
                or any Subsidiary, threatened.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9cd93f0ae09b409caefe091b3d9449c9" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ss)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>FINRA Member Shareholders</u>.&#160; There are no
                  affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company&#8217;s officers, directors or, to the knowledge of the Company, any five percent (5%) or greater stockholder of the Company, except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Base
                  Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus</font>.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zccc645e00bc04c02ab63c114cdef13ac" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(tt)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Forward-Looking Statements</u></font>. Each
                financial or operational projection or other &#8220;forward-looking statement&#8221; (as defined by Section 27A of the Act or Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (i) was so included by the Company
                in good faith and with reasonable basis after due consideration by the Company of the underlying assumptions, estimates and other applicable facts and circumstances and (ii) as required, is accompanied by meaningful cautionary statements
                identifying those factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statement. No such statement was made that was false or misleading with the knowledge of a director or senior manager of the
                Company that it was false or misleading.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Agreements</u></font>. The Company agrees with the Manager that:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z20d786f06bc94438b7d556560d7778f6" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(a)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Right to Review Amendments and Supplements to
                    Registration Statement and Prospectus</u></font>.&#160; During any period when the delivery of a prospectus relating to the Shares is required (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&#160;172, 173 or
                any similar rule) to be delivered under the Act in connection with the offering or the sale of Shares, the Company will not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or supplement (including any Prospectus Supplement) to the Base
                Prospectus unless the Company has furnished to the Manager a copy for its review prior to filing and will not file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Manager reasonably objects. The Company has properly completed the
                Prospectus, in a form approved by the Manager, and filed such Prospectus, as amended at the Execution Time, with the Commission pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule&#160;424(b) by the Execution Time and will cause any supplement to the
                Prospectus to be properly completed, in a form approved by the Manager, and will file such supplement with the Commission pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule&#160;424(b) within the time period prescribed thereby and will provide
                evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Manager of such timely filing. The Company will promptly advise the Manager (i)&#160;when the Prospectus, and any supplement thereto, shall have been filed (if required) with the Commission pursuant to
                Rule&#160;424(b), (ii)&#160;when, during any period when the delivery of a prospectus (whether physically or through compliance with Rule&#160;172, 173 or any similar rule) is required under the Act in connection with the offering or sale of the Shares,
                any amendment to the Registration Statement shall have been filed or become effective (other than any annual report of the Company filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act), (iii)&#160;of any request by the Commission or its
                staff for any amendment of the Registration Statement, or for any supplement to the Prospectus or for any additional information, (iv)&#160;of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
                Statement or of any notice objecting to its use or the institution or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose and (v)&#160;of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Shares
                for sale in any jurisdiction or the institution or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose. The Company will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or the occurrence of any such suspension or objection to
                the use of the Registration Statement and, upon such issuance, occurrence or notice of objection, to obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal of such stop order or relief from such occurrence or objection, including, if necessary, by
                filing an amendment to the Registration Statement or a new registration statement and using its best efforts to have such amendment or new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1903e9986cde42538a8d44954b505320" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(b)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Subsequent Events</u></font>.&#160; If, at any time
                on or after an Applicable Time but prior to the related Settlement Date, any event occurs as a result of which the Registration Statement or Prospectus would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
                necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made or the circumstances then prevailing not misleading, the Company will (i)&#160;notify promptly the Manager so that any use of the Registration
                Statement or Prospectus may cease until such are amended or supplemented; (ii)&#160;amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus to correct such statement or omission; and (iii)&#160;supply any such amendment or supplement to the
                Manager in such quantities as the Manager may reasonably request.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd6d737cddb0048de8ebfeb916bc3830a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(c)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Notification of Subsequent Filings</u></font>.&#160;


                During any period when the delivery of a prospectus relating to the Shares is required (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&#160;172, 173 or any similar rule) to be delivered under the Act, any
                event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under
                which they were made not misleading, or if it shall be necessary to amend the Registration Statement, file a new registration statement or supplement the Prospectus to comply with the Act or the Exchange Act or the respective rules
                thereunder, including in connection with use or delivery of the Prospectus, the Company promptly will (i)&#160;notify the Manager of any such event, (ii)&#160;subject to Section 4(a), prepare and file with the Commission an amendment or supplement or
                new registration statement which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance, (iii)&#160;use commercially reasonable efforts to have any amendment to the Registration Statement or new registration statement declared
                effective as soon as practicable in order to avoid any disruption in use of the Prospectus and (iv)&#160;supply any supplemented Prospectus to the Manager in such quantities as the Manager may reasonably request.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z2f3eaeaa9469475b96b96213e925a157" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(d)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Earnings Statements</u></font>.&#160; As soon as
                practicable, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to the Manager an earnings statement or statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries which will satisfy the provisions of Section&#160;11(a) of the Act and
                Rule&#160;158. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company&#8217;s compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this Section 4(d).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z6c197fba38df46708d8ee55c9eb92ea3" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(e)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Delivery of Registration Statement</u></font>.&#160;


                Upon the request of the Manager, the Company will furnish to the Manager and counsel for the Manager, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto) and, so long as delivery of a prospectus by the
                Manager or dealer may be required by the Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&#160;172, 173 or any similar rule), as many copies of the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and
                any supplement thereto as the Manager may reasonably request. The Company will pay the expenses of printing or other production of all documents relating to the offering.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zccd2a38604bc4f329ee3b0133cfd255c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(f)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Qualification of Shares</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company will arrange, if necessary, for the qualification of the Shares for sale under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Manager may designate and will maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of
                the Shares; provided that in no event shall the Company be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or to take any action that would subject it to service of process in suits, other than those
                arising out of the offering or sale of the Shares, in any jurisdiction where it is not now so subject.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z507106d1e79f47b0b840de0c989e6fde" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(g)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Free Writing Prospectus</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company agrees that, unless it has or shall have obtained the prior written consent of the Manager, and the Manager agrees with the Company that, unless it has or shall have obtained, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the
                Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a &#8220;free writing prospectus&#8221; (as defined in Rule&#160;405) required to be filed
                by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule&#160;433. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Manager or the Company is hereinafter referred to as a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</u></font>.&#8221; The Company agrees that (i)&#160;it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and
                (ii)&#160;it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules&#160;164 and 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record
                keeping.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z5c44a914e3ee4670ae7951f7958ef6b8" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(h)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Subsequent Equity Issuances</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company shall not deliver any Sales Notice hereunder (and any Sales Notice previously delivered shall not apply during such three (3) Business Days) for at least three (3) Business Days prior to any date on which the Company or any
                Subsidiary offers, sells, issues, contracts to sell, contracts to issue or otherwise disposes of, directly or indirectly, any other shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents (other than the Shares), subject to Manager&#8217;s right
                to waive this obligation, provided that, without compliance with the foregoing obligation, the Company may issue and sell Common Stock pursuant to any employee equity plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan of the Company
                in effect at the Execution Time and the Company may issue Common Stock issuable upon the conversion or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding at the Execution Time or at the time of the respective Sales Notice.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z7630917aa15d40acb73d09014c8f14c6" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(i)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Market Manipulation</u></font>.&#160; Until the
                termination of this Agreement, the Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, stabilization
                or manipulation in violation of the Act, Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares or otherwise violate any provision of Regulation M
                under the Exchange Act.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z96983e48f2674816a92a5892eb9f2056" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(j)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Notification of Incorrect Certificate</u></font>.&#160;


                The Company will, at any time during the term of this Agreement, as supplemented from time to time, advise the Manager promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter
                or affect any opinion, certificate, letter and other document provided to the Manager pursuant to Section&#160;6 herein.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z703191f40c954b7d9b6e1aa7a4cee6cf" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(k)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Certification of Accuracy of Disclosure</u></font>.&#160;


                Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder lasting more than thirty (30)
                Trading Days), and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or Prospectus shall be amended or supplemented, other than by means of Incorporated Documents, (ii) the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act,
                (iii) the Company files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act, (iv) the Company files a Current Report on Form 8-K containing amended financial information (other than information that is furnished and not filed), if the
                Manager reasonably determines that the information in such Form 8-K is material, or (v) the Shares are delivered to the Manager as principal at the Time of Delivery pursuant to a Terms Agreement (such commencement or recommencement date and
                each such date referred to in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above, a &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Representation Date</u></font>&#8221;), unless waived by the Manager, the Company shall furnish
                or cause to be furnished to the Manager forthwith a certificate dated and delivered on the Representation Date, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Manager to the effect that the statements contained in the certificate referred to in
                Section 6 of this Agreement which were last furnished to the Manager are true and correct at the Representation Date, as though made at and as of such date (except that such statements shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement
                and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date) or, in lieu of such certificate, a certificate of the same tenor as the certificate referred to in said Section 6, modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement
                and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the date of delivery of such certificate.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zfcd715ee89164983b0486521b6fc77f2" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(l)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Bring Down Opinions; Negative Assurance</u></font>.
                At each Representation Date, unless waived by the Manager, the Company shall furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to the Manager and to counsel to the Manager (i) a written opinion of corporate counsel to the Company (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Company Counsel</u></font>&#8221;) addressed to the Manager and dated and delivered on such Representation Date and (ii) a written opinion of Nevada counsel to the
                Company (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Company Nevada Counsel</u></font>&#8221;) addressed to the Manager and dated and delivered on such Representation Date, in form and substance reasonably
                satisfactory to the Manager, including a negative assurance representation. The requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished an opinion (but not with respect to a negative assurance representation) under this Section 4(l) shall be waived
                for any Representation Date other than a Representation Date on which a material amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus is made or the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K or a material amendment thereto under the
                Exchange Act, unless the Manager reasonably requests such deliverable required this Section 4(l) in connection with a Representation Date, upon which request such deliverable shall be deliverable hereunder.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb4b1aabc7fb6451a83e058fc232afa5d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(m)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Auditor Bring Down &#8220;Comfort&#8221; Letter</u></font>.&#160;


                At each Representation Date, unless waived by the Manager, the Company shall request that&#160;the Company&#8217;s auditors (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Accountants</u></font>&#8221;), or other
                independent accountants satisfactory to the Manager, forthwith furnish the Manager a letter, and cause&#160;the Chief Financial Officer of the Company forthwith to furnish the Manager a certificate, in each case dated on such Representation
                Date, in form satisfactory to the Manager, of the same tenor as the letters and certificate referred to in Section 6 of this Agreement but modified to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to
                the date of such letters and certificate. The requirement to furnish or cause to be furnished a &#8220;comfort&#8221; letter under this Section 4(m) shall be waived for any Representation Date other than a Representation Date on which a material
                amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus is made or the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K or a material amendment thereto under the Exchange Act, unless the Manager reasonably requests the deliverables required by
                this Section 4(m) in connection with a Representation Date, upon which request such deliverable shall be deliverable hereunder.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze5cdc226d5344a4e988ab82fa8d9b118" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(n)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Due Diligence Session</u></font>.&#160; Upon
                commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder lasting more than thirty (30)
                Trading Days), and at each Representation Date, the Company will conduct a due diligence session, in form and substance, reasonably satisfactory to the Manager, which shall include representatives of management and Accountants. The Company
                shall cooperate timely with any reasonable due diligence request from or review conducted by the Manager or its agents from time to time in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation,
                providing information and available documents and access to appropriate corporate officers and the Company&#8217;s agents during regular business hours, and timely furnishing or causing to be furnished such certificates, letters and opinions from
                the Company, its officers and its agents, as the Manager may reasonably request. The Company shall reimburse the Manager for Manager&#8217;s counsel&#8217;s fees in each such due diligence update session, up to a maximum of $5,000 per update for which
                the Company is obligated to deliver a certification pursuant to clause (ii) of Section 4(k) and clause (iii) of Section 4(k) for which no waiver is applicable, plus any incidental expense incurred by the Manager in connection therewith.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zf21221cc3f824dabbde9529416c11525" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(o)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Acknowledgment of Trading</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company consents to the Manager trading in the Common Stock for the Manager&#8217;s own account and for the account of its clients at the same time as sales of the Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement or pursuant to a Terms Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z57dfd3b8251a49b2a7ed567d1447dcb2" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(p)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Disclosure of Shares Sold</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company will disclose in its Annual Reports on Form&#160;10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form&#160;10-Q, as applicable, the number of Shares sold through the Manager under this Agreement, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation paid by the
                Company with respect to sales of Shares pursuant to this Agreement during the relevant quarter; and, if required by any subsequent change in Commission policy or request, more frequently by means of a Current Report on Form 8-K or a further
                Prospectus Supplement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z12b236a1026d4dd0aee7c886a848c387" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(q)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Rescission Right</u></font>.&#160; If to the
                knowledge of the Company, the conditions set forth in Section 6 shall not have been satisfied as of the applicable Settlement Date, the Company will offer to any Person who has agreed to purchase Shares from the Company as the result of an
                offer to purchase solicited by the Manager the right to refuse to purchase and pay for such Shares.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zdf647f45fe714201a5948a9db574efc9" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(r)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Bring Down of Representations and Warranties</u></font>.&#160;


                Each acceptance by the Company of an offer to purchase the Shares hereunder, and each execution and delivery by the Company of a Terms Agreement, shall be deemed to be an affirmation to the Manager that the representations and warranties of
                the Company contained in or made pursuant to this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of such acceptance or of such Terms Agreement as though made at and as of such date, and an undertaking that such
                representations and warranties will be true and correct in all material respects as of the Settlement Date for the Shares relating to such acceptance or as of the Time of Delivery relating to such sale, as the case may be, as though made at
                and as of such date (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented relating to such Shares).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3ecdcb8c9f4e4d12a2dbcdd09168f5ea" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(s)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Reservation of Shares</u></font>.&#160; The Company
                shall ensure that there are at all times sufficient shares of Common Stock to provide for the issuance, free of any preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock or shares of Common Stock held in treasury, of
                the maximum aggregate number of Shares authorized for issuance by the Board pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shares to be listed for trading on the Trading Market
                and to maintain such listing.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z180b6a15ae9d4e60b4045bd97f141aa4" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(t)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Obligation Under Exchange Act</u></font>.&#160;
                During any period when the delivery of a prospectus relating to the Shares is required (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&#160;172, 173 or any similar rule) to be delivered under the Act, the
                Company will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z75d014b7711448279a0506e37b981d85" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(u)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>DTC Facility</u></font>.&#160; The Company shall
                cooperate with the Manager and use its reasonable efforts to permit the Shares to be eligible for clearance and settlement through the facilities of DTC.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb4b50647c2904716b999e2f9fa2f923c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(v)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Use of Proceeds</u></font>.&#160; The Company will
                apply the Net Proceeds from the sale of the Shares substantially in the manner set forth in the Prospectus.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9af1296d5db64c02b72bf316ec40c9b8" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(w)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Filing of Prospectus Supplement</u></font>.&#160;
                If any sales are made pursuant to this Agreement which are not made in &#8220;at the market&#8221; offerings as defined in Rule 415, including, without limitation, any Placement pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Company shall file a Prospectus
                Supplement describing the terms of such transaction, the amount of Shares sold, the price thereof, the Manager&#8217;s compensation, and such other information as may be required pursuant to Rule 424 and Rule 430B, as applicable, within the time
                required by Rule 424.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8988d78668e446a18bd898d1b0477098" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(x)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Additional Registration Statement</u></font>.&#160;
                To the extent that the Registration Statement is not available for the sales of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement, if the Company is then eligible to file a Registration Statement on Form S-3, the Company shall file a new
                registration statement with respect to any additional shares of Common Stock necessary to complete such sales of the Shares and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective as promptly
                as practicable. After the effectiveness of any such registration statement, all references to &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Registration Statement</u></font>&#8221; included in this Agreement
                shall be deemed to include such new registration statement, including all documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item&#160;12 of Form S-3, and all references to &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Base Prospectus</u></font>&#8221; included in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the final form of prospectus, including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in any such registration statement at
                the time such registration statement became effective.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Payment of Expenses</u></font>. The Company agrees to pay the costs and expenses incident to the
        performance of its obligations under this Agreement, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated, including without limitation: (i)&#160;the preparation, printing or reproduction and filing with the Commission of the Registration
        Statement (including financial statements and exhibits thereto), the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and each amendment or supplement to any of them; (ii)&#160;the printing (or reproduction) and delivery (including postage, air
        freight charges and charges for counting and packaging) of such copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments or supplements to any of them, as may, in each case, be reasonably
        requested for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares; (iii)&#160;the preparation, printing, authentication, issuance and delivery of certificates for the Shares, including any stamp or transfer taxes in connection with the original
        issuance and sale of the Shares; (iv)&#160;the printing (or reproduction) and delivery of this Agreement, any blue sky memorandum and all other agreements or documents printed (or reproduced) and delivered in connection with the offering of the Shares;
        (v)&#160;the registration of the Shares under the Exchange Act, if applicable, and the listing of the Shares on the Trading Market; (vi)&#160;any registration or qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of the
        several states (including filing fees and the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for the Manager relating to such registration and qualification); (vii)&#160;the transportation and other expenses incurred by or on behalf of Company representatives
        in connection with presentations to prospective purchasers of the Shares; (viii)&#160;the fees and expenses of the Company&#8217;s accountants and the fees and expenses of counsel (including local and special counsel) for the Company; (ix) the filing fee
        under FINRA Rule 5110; (x) the reasonable fees and expenses of the Manager&#8217;s counsel, not to exceed $35,000 (excluding any periodic due diligence fees provided for under Section 4(n)), which shall be paid upon the Execution Time; and (xi) all other
        costs and expenses incident to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Conditions to the Obligations of the Manager</u></font>. The obligations of the Manager under
        this Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall be subject to (i)&#160;the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company contained herein as of the Execution Time, each Representation Date, and as of each Applicable Time,
        Settlement Date and Time of Delivery, (ii)&#160;the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder in all material respects and (iii)&#160;the following additional conditions:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z6e6b1e3bb05d48d7b055593cea6607fb" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(a)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Filing of Prospectus Supplement</u></font>.&#160;
                The Prospectus, and any supplement thereto, required by Rule&#160;424 to be filed with the Commission have been filed in the manner and within the time period required by Rule&#160;424(b) with respect to any sale of Shares; each Prospectus Supplement
                shall have been filed in the manner required by Rule&#160;424(b) within the time period required hereunder and under the Act; any other material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule&#160;433(d) under the Act, shall have been filed
                with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule&#160;433; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any notice objecting to its use shall have been issued and no
                proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or threatened.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z03704ae201cd4fc793fb4794f087d80d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(b)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Delivery of Opinion</u></font>. The Company
                shall have caused (i) Company Counsel to furnish to the Manager its opinion and negative assurance statement and (ii) Company Nevada Counsel to furnish to the Manager its opinion, in each case, dated as of such date and addressed to the
                Manager in form and substance acceptable to the Manager.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zf61907dc074b4d4b9a9f7bcd91bd4798" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(c)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Delivery of Officer&#8217;s Certificate</u></font>.&#160;
                The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Manager, a certificate of the Company signed by the Chief Executive Officer or the President and the principal financial or accounting officer of the Company, dated as of
                such date, to the effect that the signers of such certificate have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement and any documents incorporated by reference therein and any supplements or
                amendments thereto and this Agreement and that:</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3a95e291481f4d9897f0d4ae073ed5a5" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(i)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct on and as of such date with the same
                effect as if made on such date and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to such date;</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zdf9eae3958374841a30732e3722cbfbd" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any notice objecting to its use has been issued
                and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the Company&#8217;s knowledge, threatened; and</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zc455eaa7f0b84193a4b2bf924a8b990d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 108pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(iii)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">since the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the
                Incorporated Documents, there has been no Material Adverse Effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in
                the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z481a63f8a966401296ff5ba1c13da6fc" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(d)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Delivery of Accountants&#8217; &#8220;Comfort&#8221; Letter</u></font>.&#160;


                The Company shall have requested and caused the Accountants to have furnished to the Manager, letters (which may refer to letters previously delivered to the Manager), dated as of such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the
                Manager, confirming that they are independent accountants within the meaning of the Act and the Exchange Act and the respective applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission thereunder and that they have performed a review of
                any unaudited interim financial information of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and provide customary &#8220;comfort&#8221; as to such review in form and substance satisfactory to the
                Manager.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zfd7911ed0331475b97f9157f40575e39" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(e)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>No Material Adverse Event</u></font>.&#160; Since
                the respective dates as of which information is disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Incorporated Documents, except as otherwise stated therein, there shall not have been (i)&#160;any change or decrease in previously
                reported results specified in the letter or letters referred to in paragraph&#160;(d) of this Section 6 or (ii)&#160;any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings,
                business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus
                and the Incorporated Documents (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto) the effect of which, in any case referred to in clause&#160;(i) or (ii)&#160;above, is, in the sole judgment of the Manager, so material and adverse as to make it
                impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or delivery of the Shares as contemplated by the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment thereof), the Incorporated Documents and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment
                or supplement thereto).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3f137266bf6f413181d3bf1dde060dcf" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(f)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Payment of All Fees</u></font>.&#160; The Company
                shall have paid the required Commission filing fees relating to the Shares within the time period required by Rule&#160;456(b)(1)(i) of the Act without regard to the proviso therein and otherwise in accordance with Rules&#160;456(b) and 457(r) of the
                Act and, if applicable, shall have updated the &#8220;Calculation of Registration Fee&#8221; table in accordance with Rule&#160;456(b)(1)(ii) either in a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or on the cover page&#160;of a prospectus filed
                pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zcefa4dbb490842bd9ddc4c6985f40590" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(g)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>No FINRA Objections</u></font>.&#160; FINRA shall
                not have raised any objection with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements under this Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z86f0f2b9b2ff45d8857e2c39ce102ee5" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(h)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Shares Listed on Trading Market</u></font>.&#160;
                The Shares shall have been listed and admitted and authorized for trading on the Trading Market, and satisfactory evidence of such actions shall have been provided to the Manager.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z96a7179aad3e481aa51b1db70ba2e389" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(i)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Other Assurances</u></font>.&#160; Prior to each
                Settlement Date and Time of Delivery, as applicable, the Company shall have furnished to the Manager such further information, certificates and documents as the Manager may reasonably request.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">If any of the conditions specified in this Section 6 shall not have been fulfilled when and as provided in this Agreement, or if any of
      the opinions and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall not be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Manager and counsel for the Manager, this Agreement and all obligations of the Manager hereunder may be
      canceled at, or at any time prior to, any Settlement Date or Time of Delivery, as applicable, by the Manager. Notice of such cancellation shall be given to the Company in writing or by telephone and confirmed in writing by email.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The documents required to be delivered by this Section 6 shall be delivered to the office of Haynes and Boone, LLP, counsel for the
      Manager, at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, 26<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">th</sup> Floor, New York, New York 10112, email: <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">rick.werner@haynesboone.com</font>, on each such date as provided in this
      Agreement.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Indemnification and Contribution</u></font>.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z2c49ef0c72ee4ca4a298f4cb7aa0f799" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(a)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Indemnification by Company</u></font>.&#160; The
                Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Manager, the directors, officers, employees and agents of the Manager and each person who controls the Manager within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act against any and all
                losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or other Federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such
                losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement for the registration of the
                Shares as originally filed or in any amendment thereof, or in the Base Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are
                based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or arise out of or are based upon any Proceeding, commenced or threatened
                (whether or not the Manager is a target of or party to such Proceeding) or result from or relate to any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement, and agrees to reimburse
                each such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>however</u></font>, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss,
                claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the
                Company by or on behalf of the Manager specifically for inclusion therein. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that the Company may otherwise have.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z17875a220d0c432c95166cd08194defe" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(b)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Indemnification by Manager</u></font>.&#160; The
                Manager agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the Registration Statement, and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act,
                to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company to the Manager, but only with reference to written information relating to the Manager furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Manager specifically for inclusion in the
                documents referred to in the foregoing indemnity; <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>however</u></font>,
                that in no case shall the Manager be responsible for any amount in excess of the Broker Fee applicable to the Shares and paid hereunder. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Manager may otherwise have.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9d15705ad4134a658791398cd23f7858" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(c)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Indemnification Procedures</u></font>.&#160;
                Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section&#160;7 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this Section&#160;7,
                notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the failure so to notify the indemnifying party (i)&#160;will not relieve it from liability under paragraph&#160;(a) or&#160;(b) above unless and to the extent it did not otherwise
                learn of such action and such failure results in the forfeiture by the indemnifying party of substantial rights and defenses and (ii)&#160;will not, in any event, relieve the indemnifying party from any obligations to any indemnified party other
                than the indemnification obligation provided in paragraph&#160;(a) or (b)&#160;above. The indemnifying party shall be entitled to appoint counsel of the indemnifying party&#8217;s choice at the indemnifying party&#8217;s expense to represent the indemnified
                party in any action for which indemnification is sought (in which case the indemnifying party shall not thereafter be responsible for the fees and expenses of any separate counsel retained by the indemnified party or parties except as set
                forth below); <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>however</u></font>, that such counsel shall
                be reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. Notwithstanding the indemnifying party&#8217;s election to appoint counsel to represent the indemnified party in an action, the indemnified party shall have the right to employ separate counsel
                (including local counsel), and the indemnifying party shall bear the reasonable fees, costs and expenses of such separate counsel if (i)&#160;the use of counsel chosen by the indemnifying party to represent the indemnified party would present
                such counsel with a conflict of interest, (ii)&#160;the actual or potential defendants in, or targets of, any such action include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded
                that there may be legal defenses available to it and/or other indemnified parties which are different from or additional to those available to the indemnifying party, (iii)&#160;the indemnifying party shall not have employed counsel reasonably
                satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified party within a reasonable time after notice of the institution of such action or (iv)&#160;the indemnifying party shall authorize the indemnified party to employ separate counsel
                at the expense of the indemnifying party. An indemnifying party will not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any pending or threatened
                claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such claim or action) unless such settlement,
                compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb703af90d9ae486999164be0761b6810" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(d)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Contribution</u></font>.&#160; In the event that
                the indemnity provided in paragraph&#160;(a), (b)&#160;or (c)&#160;of this Section&#160;7 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party for any reason, the Company and the Manager agree to contribute to the aggregate losses, claims,
                damages and liabilities (including legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating or defending the same) (collectively &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Losses</u></font>&#8221;)


                to which the Company and the Manager may be subject in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and by the Manager on the other from the offering of the Shares; <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>provided</u></font>, <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>however</u></font>, that in no case shall the Manager be
                responsible for any amount in excess of the Broker Fee applicable to the Shares and paid hereunder. If the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is unavailable for any reason, the Company and the Manager severally shall
                contribute in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the Manager on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which
                resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. Benefits received by the Company shall be deemed to be equal to the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by it, and
                benefits received by the Manager shall be deemed to be equal to the Broker Fee applicable to the Shares and paid hereunder as determined by this Agreement. Relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any
                untrue or any alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information provided by or on behalf of the Company on the one hand or the Manager on the other, the intent of
                the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. The Company and the Manager agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution were
                determined by pro rata allocation or any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above. Notwithstanding the provisions of this paragraph&#160;(d), no person guilty of fraudulent
                misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section&#160;11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section&#160;7, each person who controls the
                Manager within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act and each director, officer, employee and agent of the Manager shall have the same rights to contribution as the Manager, and each person who controls the Company within the
                meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act, each officer of the Company who shall have signed the Registration Statement and each director of the Company shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to
                the applicable terms and conditions of this paragraph&#160;(d).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Termination</u></font>.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z36d5808fed544609b87a323254db7b61" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(a)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Company shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate the provisions of this
                Agreement relating to the solicitation of offers to purchase the Shares in its sole discretion at any time upon ten (10) Business Days&#8217; prior written notice. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party
                except that (i)&#160;with respect to any pending sale, through the Manager for the Company, the obligations of the Company, including in respect of compensation of the Manager, shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the
                termination and (ii)&#160;the provisions of Sections&#160;5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14 and 15 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z593a07a8f227444f8996451d662c5ca0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(b)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Manager shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate the provisions of this
                Agreement relating to the solicitation of offers to purchase the Shares in its sole discretion at any time. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Sections&#160;5, 6, 7, 8,
                9, 10, 12, 14 and 15 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z96ff279ba86445e892004299b2a6b365" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(c)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until such date that this Agreement is terminated pursuant to
                Sections&#160;8(a) or (b)&#160;above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties, provided that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Sections&#160;5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14 and 15 of this Agreement
                shall remain in full force and effect.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z5378d647d7bd4bbabc862424a8903de0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(d)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination, provided that such
                termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Manager or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date or Time of Delivery for any
                sale of the Shares, such sale of the Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(b) of this Agreement.</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="za0f8a139855746a0a42ace5134fccb6c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(e)</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 72pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the case of any purchase of Shares by the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the obligations of the Manager pursuant to
                such Terms Agreement shall be subject to termination, in the absolute discretion of the Manager, by prompt oral notice given to the Company prior to the Time of Delivery relating to such Shares, if any, and confirmed promptly by electronic
                mail, if since the time of execution of the Terms Agreement and prior to such delivery and payment, (i)&#160;trading in the Common Stock shall have been suspended by the Commission or the Trading Market or trading in securities generally on the
                Trading Market shall have been suspended or limited or minimum prices shall have been established on such exchange, (ii)&#160;a banking moratorium shall have been declared either by Federal or New York State authorities or (iii)&#160;there shall have
                occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities, declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war, or other calamity or crisis the effect of which on financial markets is such as to make it, in the sole judgment of the
                Manager, impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or delivery of the Shares as contemplated by the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).</div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Representations and Indemnities to Survive</u></font>. The respective agreements,
        representations, warranties, indemnities and other statements of the Company or its officers and of the Manager set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by the
        Manager or the Company or any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or controlling persons referred to in Section&#160;7, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Shares.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Notices</u></font>. All communications hereunder will be in writing and effective only on
        receipt, and will be mailed, delivered, or e-mailed to the addresses of the Company and the Manager, respectively, set forth on the signature page hereto.</font></div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <br>
      </font></div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;">
      <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">11.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Successors</u></font>. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the
          parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers, directors, employees, agents and controlling persons referred to in Section&#160;7, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.</font></div>
    </div>
    <br>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>No Fiduciary Duty</u></font>. The Company hereby acknowledges that (a)&#160;the purchase and sale of
        the Shares pursuant to this Agreement is an arm&#8217;s-length commercial transaction between the Company, on the one hand, and the Manager and any affiliate through which it may be acting, on the other, (b)&#160;the Manager is acting solely as sales agent
        and/or principal in connection with the purchase and sale of the Company&#8217;s securities and not as a fiduciary of the Company and (c)&#160;the Company&#8217;s engagement of the Manager in connection with the offering and the process leading up to the offering
        is as independent contractors and not in any other capacity. Furthermore, the Company agrees that it is solely responsible for making its own judgments in connection with the offering (irrespective of whether the Manager has advised or is currently
        advising the Company on related or other matters). The Company agrees that it will not claim that the Manager has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owe an agency, fiduciary or similar duty to the Company, in connection with
        such transaction or the process leading thereto.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Integration</u></font>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement supersede all prior agreements and
        understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company and the Manager with respect to the subject matter hereof.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">14.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Amendments; Waivers</u></font>.&#160; No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified,
        supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Manager.&#160;&#160; No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a
        continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the
        exercise of any such right.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">15.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Applicable Law</u></font>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement will be governed by and
        construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed within the State of New&#160;York.&#160; Each of the Company and the Manager: (i) agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of
        or relating to this Agreement shall be instituted exclusively in New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, (ii) waives any objection which it may have or hereafter to
        the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding, and (iii) irrevocably consents to the exclusive jurisdiction of the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any such
        suit, action or proceeding.&#160; Each of the Company and the Manager further agrees to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process which may be served in any such suit, action or proceeding in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York,
        or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and agrees that service of process upon the Company mailed by certified mail to the Company&#8217;s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon
        the Company, in any such suit, action or proceeding, and service of process upon the Manager mailed by certified mail to the Manager&#8217;s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service process upon the Manager, in any such suit, action or
        proceeding. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provision of this Agreement, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its reasonable attorney&#8217;s fees and
        other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">16.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL</u></font>. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE
        FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY TERMS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Counterparts</u></font>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be executed in one or more
        counterparts, each one of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon one and the same agreement. Counterparts may be delivered via electronic mail (including any electronic signature covered
        by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to
        have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.</font></div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <br>
      </font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">***************************</div>
    <br>
    <br>
    <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-indent: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">18.</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Headings</u></font>. The section headings used in this Agreement and any Terms Agreement are for
        convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicate hereof,
      whereupon this letter and your acceptance shall represent a binding agreement among the Company and the Manager.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Very truly yours,</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">BIORESTORATIVE THERAPIES, INC.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">By: <u>/s/ Lance Alstodt</u></div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Name: Lance Alstodt</div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Title: President and CEO</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Address for Notice:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.</div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">40 Marcus Drive</div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melville, New York 11747</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The foregoing Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first written above.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">RODMAN &amp; RENSHAW LLC</div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3f42c0febfcf45aa956f77a92c17ce92" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;">
            <div>&#160;</div>
            <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;</div>
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">By: <u>/s/ David Dinkin</u></div>
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Name: David Dinkin</div>
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Title: President</div>
            <div>&#160;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-right: 99.75pt; margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Address for Notice:</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rodman &amp; Renshaw LLC</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">600 Lexington Avenue, 32<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">nd</sup>&#160;Floor</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">New York, NY 10022</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Form of Terms Agreement</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ANNEX I</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">BIORESTORATIVE THERAPIES, INC. </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">TERMS AGREEMENT</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 99.75pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dear Sirs:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Company</u></font>&#8221;) proposes, subject to the terms and
        conditions stated herein and in the At The Market Offering Agreement, dated November 6, 2024 (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>At The Market Offering Agreement</u></font>&#8221;), between the Company
        and Rodman &amp; Renshaw LLC (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Manager</u></font>&#8221;), to issue and sell to Manager the securities specified in the <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Schedule&#160;I</u></font> hereto (the &#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>Purchased Shares</u></font>&#8221;).</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Each of the provisions of the At The Market Offering Agreement not specifically related to the solicitation by the Manager, as agent of the Company, of offers to purchase
        securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this Terms Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein. Each of the representations and warranties set forth
        therein shall be deemed to have been made at and as of the date of this Terms Agreement and the Time of Delivery, except that each representation and warranty in Section&#160;3 of the At The Market Offering Agreement which makes reference to the
        Prospectus (as therein defined) shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty as of the date of the At The Market Offering Agreement in relation to the Prospectus, and also a representation and warranty as of the date of this Terms Agreement
        and the Time of Delivery in relation to the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to relate to the Purchased Shares.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;">
      <div style="text-align: right;">Exhibit 5.1<br>
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      <div><br>
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      <br>
      <img src="image00002.jpg"></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <br>
      </font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">F</font><font style="font-size: 8pt;">RED <font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">S. S</font>KOLNIK</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;"><font style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">P</font><font style="font-size: 8pt;">ARTNER</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 8pt;">D<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">IRECT </font>D<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">IAL </font>516.296.7048</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 8pt;">fskolnik@certilmanbalin.com</div>
    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 252pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">November 6, 2024</div>
    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">40 Marcus Drive</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Suite One</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Melville, New York 11747</div>
    <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ladies and Gentlemen:</div>
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have acted as counsel to BioRestorative Therapies, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;), in connection with the Registration
      Statement on Form&#160;S-3 (File No.&#160;333-269631) (the &#8220;Registration Statement&#8221;) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;Commission&#8221;) pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), and the rules&#160;and regulations
      thereunder (the &#8220;Rules&#8221;), which became effective on February&#160;14, 2023. You have asked us to furnish our opinion as to the legality of shares (the &#8220;Shares&#8221;) of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), having an
      aggregate offering price of up to $3,614,170, which are registered under the Registration Statement and which are subject to sale pursuant to the At The Market Offering Agreement (the &#8220;Sales Agreement&#8221;), dated as of November&#160;6, 2024, by and between
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">In connection with the furnishing of this opinion, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our
      satisfaction, of the following documents:</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;the Registration Statement;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;the final prospectus supplement dated November 6, 2024 (the &#8220;Prospectus Supplement&#8221;); and</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;the Sales Agreement.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, we have examined (i)&#160;such corporate records of the Company as we have considered appropriate, including a copy of the amended
      and restated articles of incorporation and by-laws of the Company and copies of resolutions of the board of directors of the Company relating to the issuance of the Shares, and (ii)&#160;such other certificates, agreements and documents as we deemed
      relevant and necessary as a basis for the opinions expressed below. We have also relied upon the factual matters contained in the representations and warranties of the Company made in the documents reviewed by us and upon certificates of public
      officials and the officers of the Company.</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">In our examination of the documents referred to above, we have assumed, without independent investigation, the genuineness of all
      signatures, the legal capacity of all individuals who have executed any of the documents reviewed by us, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to the originals of all documents submitted to us as certified,
      photostatic, reproduced or conformed copies of valid existing agreements or other documents, the authenticity of all such latter documents and that the statements regarding matters of fact in the certificates, records, agreements, instruments and
      documents that we have examined are accurate and complete.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <font style="font-size: 10pt;"><img src="image00003.jpg"></font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">November 6, 2024</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Page 2</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <font style="font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based upon the above, and subject to the stated assumptions, exceptions and qualifications, we are of the opinion that the Shares have
      been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and, when issued, delivered and paid for as contemplated in the Registration Statement and in accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Shares will be
      validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">The opinion expressed above is limited to the Nevada Revised Statutes. Our opinion is rendered only with respect to the laws, and the
      rules, regulations and orders under those laws, that are currently in effect.</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">We hereby consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to the Company&#8217;s Current Report on Form&#160;8-K filed by the Company with the
      Commission on the date hereof, and to the use of our name under the heading &#8220;Legal Matters&#8221; contained in the base prospectus included in the Registration Statement and in the Prospectus Supplement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that
      we come within the category of persons whose consent is required by the Securities Act or the Rules.</div>
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 216.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sincerely,</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 216.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CERTILMAN BALIN ADLER &amp; HYMAN, LLP</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 216.7pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">By:</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 10pt; width: 251.3pt;" class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab"> <u>/s/ Fred Skolnik</u><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 216.7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Fred Skolnik, a member of the Firm</div>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="EntityCentralIndexKey" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFileNumber" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFileNumber">Entity File Number</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:title="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:title="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
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</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>brtx-20241101_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm44938565796368">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 01, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov.  01,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-37603<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001505497<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">30-1341024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">40 Marcus Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Melville<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">11747<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">631<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">760-8100<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.0001 par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">BRTX<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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