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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements reflect the application of certain significant accounting policies as described in this note and elsewhere in the accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements and notes.

● Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements are condensed and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016. These unaudited interim statements include all normal recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented. The results for the six month period may not be indicative of a full year’s result.

● Basis of consolidation

The unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of all majority-owned subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control and, when applicable, entities for which the Company has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company records income attributable to non-controlling interest in the consolidated statements of operations for any non-owned portion of consolidated subsidiaries. Non-controlling interest is recorded within the equity section but separate from GRNQ’s equity in the consolidated balance sheets.

● Use of estimates

In preparing these unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheets and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The following are some of the areas requiring significant judgments and estimates: determinations of the useful lives of assets, estimates of allowances for doubtful accounts, cash flow and valuation assumptions in performing asset impairment tests of long-lived assets.

● Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost and represent cash on hand, demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions and all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less as of the purchase date of such investments.

● Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts and do not bear interest, which are due on demand. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts on an ongoing basis, using historical collection trends and aging of receivables. Management also periodically evaluates individual customer’s financial condition, credit history, and the current economic conditions to make adjustments in the allowance when it is considered necessary. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.

The allowance for any uncollectible accounts for six months ended June 30, 2017 was zero.

● Inventory – finished property

Inventory – finished property represents a multi-unit property developed for resale on a unit by unit basis. Inventory is stated at cost unless the inventory is determined to be impaired in which case the impaired inventory is written down to fair value. The cost of inventory – finished property includes the purchase price of property, legal fees, improvement costs to the building structure, and other acquisition costs. Project wide costs such as land acquisition and certain development costs are allocated to the specific units based upon their relative fair value before construction. All property is finished and ready for sale.

In conducting its reviews for indicators of impairment, the Company evaluates, among other things, the margins on units already sold within the project, margins on units under contract but not closed (none as of June 30, 2017), and projected margin on future unit sales. The Company pays particular attention to discern if inventory is moving at a slower than expected pace or where margins are trending downward. As at June 30, 2017, the Company determined inventory – finished property was not impaired.

● Investment Property

Investment Property is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis over the following expected useful lives from the date on which they become fully operational and after taking into account their estimated residual values:

Categories	Expected useful life	Residual value
Leasehold land and buildings	50 years		-
Furniture and fixtures	3 - 10 years		5	%
Office equipment	3 - 10 years		5% - 10	%
Leasehold improvement	Over the shorter of estimated useful life or term of lease		-

The cost of leasehold land and buildings includes the purchase price of property, legal fees, and other acquisition costs.

Depreciation expense, classified as cost of rental, for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 were $14,751 and $15,924, respectively.

● Plant and equipment

Plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis over the following expected useful lives from the date on which they become fully operational and after taking into account their estimated residual values:

Categories	Expected useful life	Residual value
Furniture and fixtures	3 - 10 years		5	%
Office equipment	3 - 10 years		5% - 10	%
Leasehold improvement	Over the shorter of estimated useful life or term of lease		-

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The gain or loss on the disposal of plant and equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant assets and is recognized in the statement of operations.

Depreciation expense, classified as operating expenses, for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 were $7,811 and $7,767, respectively.

● Intangible assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets represented the registration costs of trade marks registered in Hong Kong, the PRC, and Malaysia, which are amortized on a straight-line basis over a useful life of ten years. Intangible assets acquired in business combinations are considered customer lists and order backlogs amortized on a straight-line basis over a useful life of five years and six years, respectively.

The Company follows ASC Topic 350 in accounting for intangible assets, which requires impairment losses to be recorded when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by the assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. There were no impairment losses recorded on intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

Amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 were $65,332 and $59,155 respectively.

● Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. With the provision of ASC 350 “Goodwill and Other”, goodwill is not amortized, rather it is tested for impairment annually, and will be tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. An impairment loss generally would be recognized when the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s net assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the reporting unit and would be measured as the excess carrying value of goodwill over the derived fair value of goodwill. The Company’s policy is to perform its annual impairment testing for its reporting units on December 31, of each fiscal year.

● Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets primarily include property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. In accordance with the provision of ASC Topic 360-10-5, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, the Company generally conducts its annual impairment evaluation to its long-lived assets, usually in the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, such as a significant sustained change in the business climate. The recoverability of long-lived assets is measured at the reporting unit level. If the total of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the asset. There has been no impairment charge for the periods presented.

● Cash value of life insurance

The cash value of life insurance relates to the Company-owned life insurance policies on the general manager and executive corporate advisor of the Company, which is stated at the cash surrender value of the contract.

● Investments in unconsolidated entities

Under the equity method of accounting, investments in unconsolidated entities are initially recognized in the consolidated balance sheet at cost and are subsequently adjusted to reflect the Company’s proportionate share of net earnings or losses of the entity, distributions received, contributions and certain other adjustments, as appropriate. The Company’s share of the income or loss of the unconsolidated entity is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations and will increase or decrease, as applicable, the carrying value of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities on the consolidated balance sheet.

When the investment cost in an unconsolidated entity is reduced to zero, the Company records no further losses in its consolidated statements of operations unless the Company has an outstanding guarantee obligation or has committed additional funding to the entity. When such entity subsequently reports income, the Company will not record its share of such income until it exceeds the amount of the Company’s share of losses not previously recognized.

● Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income consists of cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments.

● Revenue recognition

The Company recognizes its revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition”, upon the delivery of its products when: (1) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (2) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (3) there are no continuing obligations to the customer; and (4) the collection of related accounts receivable is probable.

(a) Rental income

Revenue from rental of leasehold land and buildings are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term when collectability is reasonably assured and the tenant has taken possession or controls the physical use of the leased assets.

The Company leases its commercial office premises in Malaysia and Hong Kong under various non-cancelable operating leases with terms of two to three years and renewal options. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company has recorded $85,818 in rental revenue, based upon its annual rental over the life of the lease under operating lease, using straight-line method.

(b) Service income

Revenue from the provision of (i) business consulting and advisory services and (ii) company secretarial, accounting and financial review services are recognized when there is (i) an existence of contract or an arrangement (ii) services are rendered, (iii) the service price is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonable assured.

Revenue from the sale of properties is recognized at the time each unit is delivered and title and possession are transferred to the buyer. Specifically, the Company utilizes the full accrual method where recognition occurs when (i) the collectability of the sales price is reasonably assured, (ii) the seller is not obligated to perform significant activities after the sale, (iii) the initial investment from the buyer is sufficient, and (iv) the Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a promised property to a customer.

Revenue on sales of properties may be deferred in whole or in part until the requirements for revenue recognition have been met.

● Cost of revenues

Cost of revenue on rental shown on the accompanying statements of operations include costs associated with government rent and rates, repairs and maintenance, property insurance, depreciation and other related administrative costs. Property management fee and utility expenses are paid directly by tenants.

Costs of revenue on provision of services primarily consist of employee compensation and related payroll benefits, company formation cost and other professional fees directly attributable to cost in related to the services rendered.

Cost of revenues on sale of properties primary consist of the purchase price of property, legal fees, improvement costs to the building structure, and other acquisition costs. Selling and advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

● Non-controlling interest

Non-controlling interest represents the capital contribution, income and loss attributable to the shareholders of less than wholly-owned and consolidated entities.

● Income taxes

Income taxes are determined in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Any effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740, tax positions must initially be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions must initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority assuming full knowledge of the position and relevant facts.

The Company conducts major businesses in Hong Kong, Malaysia and China and is subject to tax in its own jurisdiction. As a result of its business activities, the Company will file separate tax returns that are subject to examination by the foreign tax authorities.

● Foreign currencies translation

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the statement of operations.

The reporting currency of the Company is the United States Dollars (“US$”) and the accompanying financial statements have been expressed in US$. In addition, the Company’s operating subsidiaries maintain their books and records in their respective local currency, Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), Renminbi (“RMB”), and Hong Kong Dollars (“HK$”), which is also the respective functional currencies for each subsidiary as they are the primary currency of the economic environment in which each subsidiary operates.

In general, for consolidation purposes, assets and liabilities of its subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the US$ are translated into US$, in accordance with ASC Topic 830-30, “Translation of Financial Statement”, using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the period. The gains and losses resulting from translation of financial statements of a foreign subsidiary are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income within the statement of stockholders’ equity.

Translation of amounts from the local currencies of the Company into US$ has been made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods:

	As of and for the six months ended June 30,
	2017		2016
Period-end MYR : US$1 exchange rate		4.29		4.03
Period-average MYR : US$1 exchange rate		4.37		3.87
Period-end RMB : US$1 exchange rate		6.78		6.64
Period-average RMB : US$1 exchange rate		6.85		6.32
Period-end / average HK$ : US$1 exchange rate		7.75		7.75

● Related parties

Parties, which can be a corporation or individual, are considered to be related if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Companies are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.

● Segment reporting

ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organization structure as well as information about services categories, business segments and major customers in financial statements. The Company operates in three reportable operating segments, being service business, real estate business and corporate business.

● Business Combination

ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), applies the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations to all acquisitions where the acquirer gains a controlling interest, regardless of whether consideration was exchanged. ASC 805 establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer: a) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; b) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and c) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. Accounting for acquisitions requires the Company to recognize, separately from goodwill, the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred and the net of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, the estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations.

● Fair value of financial instruments

The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments: cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deposits, prepayments and other receivables, accounts payable, receipts in advance, bank loan (current and long term), loan from shareholders, amounts due to directors, amount due to related companies, amount due to non-controlling interest party, and other payables and accrued liabilities approximate at their fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

The Company follows the guidance of the ASC Topic 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820-10”), with respect to financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value. ASC 820-10 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

●	Level 1 : Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

●	Level 2 : Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

●	Level 3 : Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions

● Recent accounting pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605)”, and requires entities to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued an Accounting Standards Update to defer by one year the effective dates of its new revenue recognition standard until annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (2018 for calendar-year public entities) and interim periods therein. Management is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2014-09 and has not determined the effect of the standard on our ongoing financial reporting.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern: Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and, if so, provide certain footnote disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods thereafter. We adopted ASU 2014-15 as of December 31, 2016, but it did not impact our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASU 2017-01), which revises the definition of a business and provides new guidance in evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. This guidance will be effective for us in the first quarter of 2018 on a prospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04), which eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance will be effective for us in the first quarter of 2020 on a prospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The Company has reviewed all recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements may be expected to cause a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.