INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Abstract]

10. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

	As of December 31,
	2017			2018
	RMB			RMB
Gross carrying amount
Trade names		48,908			48,908
Brand		5,920			5,920
Student populations		39,818			39,818
Software		33,770			35,421
Customer relationships		5,270			5,270
Cooperative agreements		5,230			5,230
Favorable leases		63,237			63,237
Non-compete agreements		833			833
		202,986			204,637
Less: Accumulated amortization
Trade names		-			-
Brand		-			-
Student populations		(37,580	)		(38,476	)
Software		(32,712	)		(34,200	)
Customer relationships		(5,270	)		(5,270	)
Cooperative agreements		(3,554	)		(4,062	)
Favorable leases		(26,268	)		(29,384	)
Non-compete agreements		(833	)		(833	)
		(106,217	)		(112,225	)
Intangible assets, net
Trade names		48,908			48,908
Brand		5,920			5,920
Student populations		2,238			1,342
Software		1,058			1,221
Customer relationships		-			-
Cooperative agreements		1,676			1,168
Favorable leases		36,969			33,853
Non-compete agreements		-			-
		96,769			92,412

The Group recorded impairment loss of trade names in RMB 2,655 and RMB nil in the year of 2016 and 2017 respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Group performed impairment test on the Trade name, Brand and other finite lived intangible assets. No impairment loss incurred thereof.

Amortization expenses for intangible assets amounted to RMB 6,786, RMB 4,782 and RMB 4,651 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, of which RMB 2,466, RMB 1,393 and RMB 1,393 are included in cost of sales and the remaining is included in general and administrative expenses. Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization, the estimated amortization expenses for each of the future annual periods is as follows:

	Amount
	RMB

2019		4,598
2020		4,514
2021		3,569
2022		3,370
2023		3,316
Thereafter		18,217
Total		37,584