Goodwill

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

(4) Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 are as follows:


Balance as of January 1, 2022	$	28,596,547
Acquisition (see Note 2)		922,000
Impairment losses		(5,856,551	)

Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	23,661,996

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the Company’s goodwill might be impaired. The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative assessment for each reporting unit. If the quantitative assessment is necessary, the Company will determine the fair value of each reporting unit. If the fair value of any reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, the Company will recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The loss recognized will not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. For the purpose of testing goodwill for impairment, the Company has identified its audio market clusters and esports as its reporting units.

Due to an increase in interest rates in the U.S. economy, the Company tested its goodwill for impairment during the second quarter of 2022. As a result of the quantitative impairment test performed as of June 30, 2022, the Company recorded impairment losses of $5.9 million related to the goodwill in its Boston, MA, Charlotte, NC, Fayetteville, NC, Fort Myers-Naples, FL and Tampa-Saint Petersburg, FL market clusters. The impairment losses were primarily due to an increase in the discount rate used in the discounted cash flow analyses to estimate the fair value of goodwill due to certain risks associated with the U.S. economy.

The fair values of the goodwill in the Boston, MA, Charlotte, NC, Fayetteville, NC, Fort Myers-Naples, FL and Tampa-Saint Petersburg, FL market clusters was estimated using an income approach. The income approach is based upon discounted cash flow analyses incorporating variables such as projected audio market revenues, projected growth rate for audio market revenues, projected audio market revenue shares, projected audio operating income margins, and a discount rate appropriate for the audio broadcasting industry. The key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analyses are as follows:


Revenue growth rates		(1.9)% - 11.1%
Operating income margins		5.4% - 29.8%
Discount rate		9.5%

Interest rates in the U.S. economy continued to increase during the third quarter of 2022; however there were no changes to the discount rate or any other items used in the discounted cash flow analyses to estimate the fair value of goodwill. Therefore, the Company did not record any impairment losses related to goodwill during the third quarter of 2022.