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Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization

DatChat, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on December 4, 2014 under the name of YssUp, Inc. On March 4, 2015, the Company’s corporate name was changed to Dat Chat, Inc. In August 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved to change the name of the Company from Dat Chat, Inc. to DatChat, Inc. The Company established a fiscal year end of December 31. The Company’s principal business is focused on its mobile messaging application that provides a traditional messaging platform, while providing users with complete privacy and control features for their sent messages. The Company’s mobile messaging application is called DatChat Messenger which is currently a free messaging application. Once the Company achieves critical mass of users, the Company will offer new features and will charge fees and generate revenues from the added features.

On June 29, 2022, the Company, DatChat Patents I, Inc., a Nevada corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of DatChat that was formed on June 23, 2022 (“Merger Sub I”), DatChat Patents II, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of DatChat that was formed on June 23, 2022 (“Merger Sub II”), and Avila Security Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“Avila”), entered into an agreement and plan of merger (the “Merger Agreement”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding shares of Avila in consideration for the issuance of 1,000,000 shares (the “Acquisition Shares”) of the Company’s restricted stock. The acquisition included intellectual property rights in blockchain based digital rights management and object sharing technology, including encrypted WebRTC real-time video and audio streaming communications. Immediately following the merger, Merger Sub I was merged into Avila and Merger Sub I was dissolved and Avila was merged into Merger Sub II. (See Note 3).

On June 16, 2022, the Company formed a wholly owned subsidiary, SmarterVerse, Inc. (“SmarterVerse”), a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada. As of June 30, 2022, SmarterVerse had no operations.

On July 28, 2021, the Company filed a certificate of change to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to effectuate a one-for-two (1:2) reverse stock split (the “Reverse Stock Split”) of the Company’s common stock. Proportional adjustments for the Reverse Stock Split were made to the Company’s outstanding stock options, warrants and equity incentive plans. All share and per-share data and amounts have been retroactively adjusted as of the earliest period presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.

Basis of presentation

Management acknowledges its responsibility for the preparation of the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements which reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary in its opinion for a fair statement of its financial position and the results of its operations for the periods presented. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (the “U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions Article 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year as a whole.

Certain information and note disclosure normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP has been condensed or omitted from these statements pursuant to such accounting principles and, accordingly, they do not include all the information and notes necessary for comprehensive financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the summary of significant accounting policies and notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 of the Company which were included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2022.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of DatChat and its wholly owned subsidiaries, DatChat Patents II, LLC and SmarterVerse. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Liquidity

As reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred a net loss of $5,947,558 and $1,642,550, respectively. Additionally, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company used cash in operations of $3,694,205 and $1,169,894, respectively. On June 30, 2022, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $33,538,104 and has generated minimal revenues since inception. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $13.7 million from the sale of its securities in connection with initial public offering and gross proceeds of approximately $14.4 million from the exercise of the Company’s Series A warrants. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had working capital of $15,796,715. These events served to mitigate the conditions that historically raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company believes the proceeds raised during the year ended December 31, 2021 will provide sufficient cash flows to meet its obligations for a minimum of twelve months from the date of this filing.

Use of estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. Significant estimates include the useful life of property and equipment and intangible assets, assumptions used in assessing impairment of long-term assets, the valuation of intangible assets, the valuation of digital currencies and other digital assets, the valuation of deferred tax assets, the estimate of the fair value lease liability and related right of use asset, and the fair value of non-cash equity transactions.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassified amounts have no impact on the Company’s previously reported financial position or results of operations and relates to the presentation of marketing and advertising expenses separately on the condensed statements of operation previously included in general and administrative expenses.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments and other short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances at one financial institution that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The Company’s account at this institution is insured by the FDIC up to $250,000. On June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had cash in excess of FDIC limits of approximately $15,992,758 and $19,949,735, respectively. To reduce its risk associated with the failure of such financial institution, the Company evaluates at least annually the rating of the financial institution in which it holds deposits.

Fair value measurements and fair value of financial instruments

The carrying value of certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and due to related party are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under the Financial Accounting Standard Board’s (the “FASB”) accounting standard for such instruments. Under this standard, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company did not identify any assets or liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820.

ASC 825-10 “Financial Instruments”, allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding instruments.

Short-term investments

The Company considers investments with original maturities greater than three months and remaining maturities less than one year to be short-term investments. Short-term investments include U.S. Treasury bills and certificates of deposit that are all highly rated and have initial maturities between four and twelve months. Short-term investments are carried at fair value, which is based on quoted market prices for such securities, if available, or is estimated on the basis of quoted market prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, net unrealized investment loss of $3,731 is reported in other income (expenses) on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Accounting for digital currencies and other digital assets

The Company purchases Ethereum cryptocurrency (“Ethereum”) and other digital assets and accepts Ethereum as a form of payment for non-fungible tokens sales (NFTs). The Company accounts for these digital assets held as the result of the purchase or receipt of Ethereum and other digital assets, as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). The Company has ownership of and control over its digital currencies and digital assets and the Company may use third-party custodial services to secure them. The digital currencies and digital assets are initially recorded at cost and are subsequently remeasured, net of any impairment losses incurred since acquisition. The Company believes that digital currencies and other digital assets meet the definition of indefinite-lived intangible assets and accounts for them at historical cost less impairment, applying the guidance in ASC 350. There are uncertainties related to the application of ASC 350 to digital currencies, as it does not appropriately reflect the economics associated with digital currencies. However, in the absence of standards that specifically address the accounting for digital currencies, the Company believes that it must apply existing accounting standards in accounting for its investment in digital currencies. The FASB does not have a standard-setting project on digital currencies or other similar digital assets on its agenda, but an industry trade group has requested that the FASB address the accounting for cryptocurrencies, a category of digital asset under which the Company believes that digital currencies fall. Accordingly, the FASB staff has researched blockchain technology and cryptocurrency market activities and the accounting challenges they present. The Company monitors any standard-setting, regulatory or technological developments that may affect the Company’s accounting for digital currencies or its controls and processes related to digital currencies. Digital currencies are included in long-term assets in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The Company determines the fair value of its digital currencies and other digital assets on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted prices on the active exchange(s) that it has determined is the principal market for Ethereum (Level 1 inputs) and other digital assets. The Company performs an analysis each quarter to identify whether events or changes in circumstances, principally decreases in the quoted prices on active exchanges, indicate that it is more likely than not that its digital assets are impaired. In determining if an impairment has occurred, the Company considers the lowest market price quoted on an active exchange since acquiring the respective digital asset. If the then current carrying value of a digital asset exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss has occurred with respect to those digital assets in the amount equal to the difference between their carrying values and the fair value. The impaired digital assets are written down to their fair value at the time of impairment and this new cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value. Gains are not recorded until realized upon sale, at which point they are presented net of any impairment losses for the same digital assets held. In determining the gain or loss to be recognized upon sale, the Company calculates the difference between the sales price and carrying value of the digital assets sold immediately prior to sale. Impairment losses and gains or losses on sales are recognized within operating expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $84,180.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from three to five years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life or lease term including scheduled renewal terms. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in income in the year of disposition. The Company examines the possibility of decreases in the value of these assets when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets, consisting of patents, are carried at cost less accumulated amortization, computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life, less any impairment charges.

Impairment of long-lived assets

In accordance with ASC Topic 360, the Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable, or at least annually. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. The amount of impairment is measured as the difference between the asset’s estimated fair value and its book value.

Revenue recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires revenue to be recognized in a manner that depicts the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company recognize revenues from subscription fees on the Company’s messaging application in the month they are earned. Annual and lifetime subscription payments received that are related to future periods are recorded as deferred revenue to be recognized as revenues over the contract term or period. Lifetime subscriptions are being recognized to revenues over a 12-month period.

The Company’s NFT revenues were generated from the sale of NFTs. The Company accepts Ethereum as a form of payment for NFT sales. The Company’s NFTs exist on the Ethereum Blockchain under the Company’s VenVuu brand. VenVuu is an iMetaverse advertising platform that allows advertisers and metaverse landowners to connect using the Company’s proprietary metaverse ad network and dynamic NFT technology. The Company uses the NFT exchange, OpenSea, to facilitate its sales of NFTs. The Company, through OpenSea, has custody and control of the NFT prior to the delivery to the customer and records revenue at a point in time when the NFT is delivered to the customer and the customer pays. The Company has no obligations for returns, refunds or warranty after the NFT sale. The value of the sale is determined based on the value of the Ethereum crypto currency received as consideration. Each NFT that is generated produces a unique identifying code.

The Company tracks its revenue by product. The following table summarizes revenue disaggregation by product for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

		For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Subscription revenues		$	1,553			$	-			$	2,362			$	-
NFT revenues			36,394				-				36,394				-
Total		$	37,947			$	-			$	38,756			$	-

Advertising costs

The Company applies ASC 720 “Other Expenses” to account for advertising related costs. Pursuant to ASC 720-35-25-1, the Company expenses advertising costs as they are incurred. Advertising costs were $95,725 and $103,479 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $148,239 and $152,429 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are included in marketing and advertising expenses on the accompanying condensed statement of operations.

Leases

The Company applied ASC Topic 842, Leases (Topic 842) to arrangements with lease terms of 12 months or more. Operating lease right of use assets (“ROU”) represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company use an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the adoption date in determining the present value of future payments. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations.

Capital expenditures

We do not have any contractual obligations for ongoing capital expenditures at this time. We do, however, purchase equipment and software necessary to conduct our operations on an as needed basis.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to the provision of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740-10, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASC 740-10”), which requires, among other things, an asset and liability approach to calculating deferred income taxes. The asset and liability approach require the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided to offset any net deferred tax assets for which management believes it is more likely than not that the net deferred asset will not be realized.

The Company follows the provision of ASC 740-10 related to Accounting for Uncertain Income Tax Positions. When tax returns are filed, there may be uncertainty about the merits of positions taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. In accordance with the guidance of ASC 740-10, the benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold are measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefit associated with tax positions taken that exceed the amount measured as described above should be reflected as a liability for uncertain tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. The Company believes its tax positions are all more likely than not to be upheld upon examination. As such, the Company has not recorded a liability for uncertain tax benefits.

The Company has adopted ASC 740-10-25, “Definition of Settlement”, which provides guidance on how an entity should determine whether a tax position is effectively settled for the purpose of recognizing previously unrecognized tax benefits and provides that a tax position can be effectively settled upon the completion and examination by a taxing authority without being legally extinguished. For tax positions considered effectively settled, an entity would recognize the full amount of tax benefit, even if the tax position is not considered more likely than not to be sustained based solely on the basis of its technical merits and the statute of limitations remains open. The federal and state income tax returns of the Company are subject to examination by the IRS and state taxing authorities, generally for three years after they are filed.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation is accounted for based on the requirements of ASC 718 – “Compensation–Stock Compensation”, which requires recognition in the financial statements of the cost of employee, non-employee and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively, the vesting period). The ASC also requires measurement of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair value of the award.

Basic and diluted net loss per share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period.

The following were excluded from the computation of diluted shares outstanding as they would have had an anti-dilutive impact on the Company’s net loss.

		June 30,
		2022				2021
Common stock equivalents:
Common stock warrants			736,341				62,500
Common stock options			1,289,200				-
Total			2,025,541				62,500

Recent accounting pronouncements

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on its financial statements