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COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES
 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Aug. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Nov. 30, 2024
COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES

NOTE 15 – COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Gulfstream Aerospace, LP

 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company executed a series of purchase agreements with Gulfstream Aerospace, LP for the acquisition of four (4) Gulfstream G280 aircraft for total consideration of $79.0 million and with expected deliveries in 2024 through 2025, for which the Company made prepayments totaling $48.0 million and $48.0 million as of September 30, 2025, and September 30, 2024, respectively. The $48.0 million is non-refundable, except in some specific circumstances, and would serve as consideration for liquidated damages of $3.0 million per aircraft should the purchase agreement be terminated by the Company.

 

In September 2024, the Company took delivery of one Gulfstream G280 and received $12.0 million in deposits related to the aircraft, of which $9.0 million paid down the SAC Leasing G280 line of credit and $3.0 million was retained by the Company. In the first quarter of 2025, an additional $12 million in deposits was received as a result of the delivery of the second Gulfstream G280 and the return of $9 million in deposits related to the fourth Gulfstream G280. The $9 million in returned deposits were used to pay down the SAC Leasing G280 line of credit. In April 2025, the third Gulfstream G280 was delivered and $12.0 million of the deposits were applied toward the purchase price of the airplane.

 

Future minimum payments under the purchase agreements with Gulfstream Aerospace, LP at September 30, 2025, are as follows, in thousands:

 

  

Gulfstream

G280 Fleet

 
2025  $18,038 
Total expected contractual payments  $18,038 

 

The Company had a credit facility in place with SAC Leasing G280 LLC to fund $40.5 million of the original $79.0 million due under these purchase agreements with Gulfstream Aerospace LP. In April 2025, the Company paid the remaining balance and terminated the credit facility. The remaining balance to be funded by SAC Leasing G280 LLC is zero as of September 30, 2025.

 

Operating Leases

 

The Company leases property and equipment under operating leases. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related assets and obligations at the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Many of the leases contain renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease payments when appropriate. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to discount lease payments to present value, as the rates implicit in its leases are not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is based on the estimated interest rate for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease at the commencement date.

 

 

Aircraft Leases

 

During 2023, the Company began leasing an aircraft with a term of five years which has fixed lease payments. The Company recognized an operating lease liability in the amount of the net present value of the future minimum lease payments, and a ROU asset. The discount rate used for this lease was 12%, which was determined to be the incremental borrowing rate based on comparative secured financing in the marketplace at the inception of the fixed lease payments.

 

Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease expense related to this lease consisting of fixed and variable lease costs was zero and $78 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Lease expense was zero and $312 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

 

Additionally, the Company leases other aircraft under operating leases with remaining terms ranging from one to five years. These leases require lease payments that are variable and are dependent on flight hours that generate charter revenues, with no minimum lease payment commitments. Because of the variable nature of the lease payments, these leases are not recorded on our consolidated balance sheets as ROU assets and lease liabilities. Certain leases have renewal options to extend lease terms for additional periods ranging from three to twelve months.

 

Some of the aircraft leases have lease terms of 12 months or less. The Company has made a policy election to classify lease agreements with a lease term of 12 months or less as short-term leases. Accordingly, the Company has not recognized ROU assets or lease liabilities related to these lease agreements pursuant to the short-term election. The Company recognizes short-term lease costs on a straight-line basis over the lease term and accrues the difference each period between the amount expensed and the amount paid.

 

Variable lease costs associated with the aircraft operating leases were zero and $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Variable lease costs associated with the aircraft operating leases were zero and $7.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Short-term lease costs on the aircraft leases were zero and $40 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Short-term lease costs on the aircraft leases were zero and $196 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had terminated all the aircraft leases as part of the flyExclusive agreement.

 

Airport Facilities

 

Our facilities leases are for space at airports throughout the south with remaining terms ranging from one to eleven months. These leases consist of hangar space and office space. The leases have lease terms of 12 months or less. Accordingly, the Company has not recognized ROU assets or lease liabilities related to these lease agreements pursuant to the short-term lease election. The Company has made a policy election to not separate lease and non-lease components for these facility leases. Short-term lease costs related to these leases were zero and $21 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Short term lease costs related to these leases were $3 thousand and $57 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

 

In January 2024, the Company began leasing space for aircraft with a term of 5 years with fixed lease payments. The Company recognized an operating lease liability in the amount of the net present value of the future minimum lease payments, and a ROU asset. The discount rate used for this lease was 12%, which was determined to be the incremental borrowing rate based on comparative secured financing in the marketplace at the inception of the fixed lease payments.

 

Customer Deposits and Deferred Revenue

 

Customer deposits and deferred revenue consisted of deposits from customers for the purchase of aircraft of $0.1 million and $10.7 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, as well as deferred revenue of $1.8 million and $696 thousand as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

 

 

Legal Contingencies

 

From time to time, the Company receives claims of and becomes subject to consumer protection, employment, intellectual property and other commercial litigation related to the conduct and operation of the Company’s business. In connection with such litigation, the Company may be subject to significant damages. We may also be subject to equitable remedies and penalties. Such litigation could be costly and time consuming and could divert or distract Company management and key personnel from its business operations. The Company is currently the defendant in suits brought by vendors, customers and suits related to the transfer of the flight operations and leases to flyExclusive and does not currently believe that any of its outstanding litigation will have a material adverse effect on its financial statements or business. However, due to the uncertainty of litigation and depending on the amount and the timing, an unfavorable resolution of some or all of these matters could materially affect the Company’s business, results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

 

In the Tampa Division of the U.S. District Court, in and for the Middle District of Florida on September 12, 2024, Joshua G. Newsteder, LouAnn Gray, and those similarly situated (the “Plaintiffs”) filed suit against the Volato Group, Inc. and Volato, Inc. (together, the “Defendants”) citing various allegations including that the termination of employment of 230 employees that occurred on August 30, 2024 violated requirements of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988, 29 U.S.C. § 2101 et. seq. Plaintiffs are seeking unpaid wages or salary, benefits and other relief deemed by the court as just and proper. The Defendants deny all allegations. Current range of loss can not be estimated.

 

 

  

NOTE 18 – COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Honda May 2023 Purchase Agreement

 

On May 5, 2023, the Company entered into a HondaJet Fleet Purchase Agreement with Honda Aircraft Company. LLC, for the purchase and delivery of twenty-three (23) HondaJet HA-420 Aircraft for a total estimated purchase price of $161.1 million with expected delivery between the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024 and the fourth fiscal quarter of 2025. The Company took delivery and sold two aircraft related to this agreement. On September 10, 2024, the Company received notice from Honda Aircraft that the Honda FPA was terminated. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, Honda Aircraft will retain the deposits that have been previously paid by the Company and the Company has to enter into individual purchase agreements for each aircraft for which a deposit had previously been paid. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a charge for the remaining deposit balance of $1.0 million which is recorded in selling general and administrative expenses.

 

 

Gulfstream Aerospace, LP

 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company executed a series of purchase agreements with Gulfstream Aerospace, LP for the acquisition of four (4) Gulfstream G-280 aircraft for total consideration of $79.0 million and with expected deliveries in 2024 through 2025, for which the Company made prepayments totaling $48.0 million and $39.0 million as of December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively. The $48.0 million is non-refundable, except in some specific circumstances, and would serve as consideration for liquidated damages of $3.0 million per aircraft should the purchase agreement be terminated by the Company.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company made additional payments of $9.0 million towards these agreements, of which $9.0 million was funded through the SAC Leasing G280 LLC credit facility. In September 2024, the Company took delivery of one Gulfstream G280 and received $12.0 million in deposits related to the aircraft, of which $9.0 million paid down the SAC Leasing G280 line of credit and $3.0 million was retained by the Company. In the first quarter of 2025, an addition $12 million in deposits was received as a result of the delivery of the second Gulfstream G280 and the return of $9 million in deposits related to the fourth Gulfstream G280. The $9 million in returned deposits were used to pay down the SAC Leasing G280 line of credit.

 

Future minimum payments under the purchase agreements with Gulfstream Aerospace, LP at December 31, 2024, are as follows, in thousands:

 

For the twelve months ended December 31, 

Gulfstream

G280 Fleet

 
2025   26,270 
Total expected contractual payments  $26,270 

 

The Company has a credit facility in place with SAC Leasing G280 LLC to fund $40.5 million of the original $79.0 million due under these purchase agreements with Gulfstream Aerospace LP. The remaining balance to be funded by SAC Leasing G280 LLC is zero as of December 31, 2024.

 

Operating Leases

 

The Company leases property and equipment under operating leases. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related assets and obligations at the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Many of the leases contain renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease payments when appropriate. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to discount lease payments to present value, as the rates implicit in its leases are not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is based on the estimated interest rate for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease at the commencement date.

 

Aircraft Leases

 

During 2023, the Company began leasing an aircraft with a term of five years which has fixed lease payments. The Company recognized an operating lease liability in the amount of the net present value of the future minimum lease payments, and a right-of-use asset. The discount rate used for this lease was 12%, which was determined to be the incremental borrowing rate based on comparative secured financing in the marketplace at the inception of the fixed lease payments.

 

Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease expense related to this lease consisting of fixed and variable lease costs was $78 thousand and $469 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

 

Additionally, the Company leases other aircraft under operating leases with remaining terms ranging from one to five years. These leases require lease payments that are variable and are dependent on flight hours that generate charter revenues, with no minimum lease payment commitments. Because of the variable nature of the lease payments, these leases are not recorded on our consolidated balance sheets as ROU assets and lease liabilities. Certain leases have renewal options to extend lease terms for additional periods ranging from three to twelve months.

 

Some of the aircraft leases have lease terms of 12 months or less. The Company has made a policy election to classify lease agreements with a lease term of 12 months or less as short-term leases. Accordingly, the Company has not recognized right-of-use assets or lease liabilities related to these lease agreements pursuant to the short-term election. The Company recognizes short-term lease costs on a straight-line basis over the lease term and accrues the difference each period between the amount expensed and the amount paid.

 

 

Variable lease costs associated with the aircraft operating leases were $7.7 million and $12.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Short-term lease costs on the aircraft leases were $196 thousand and $617 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had terminated all the aircraft leases as part of the flyExclusive agreement.

 

Airport Facilities

 

Our facilities leases are for space at airports throughout the south with remaining terms ranging from one to eleven months. These leases consist of hangar space and office space. The leases have lease terms of 12 months or less. Accordingly, the Company has not recognized right-of-use assets or lease liabilities related to these lease agreements pursuant to the short-term lease election. The Company has made a policy election to not separate lease and non-lease components for these facility leases. Short-term lease costs related to these leases were $70 thousand and $71 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

 

In January 2024, the Company began leasing space for aircraft with a term of 5 years with fixed lease payments. The Company recognized an operating lease liability in the amount of the net present value of the future minimum lease payments, and a right-of-use asset. The discount rate used for this lease was 12%, which was determined to be the incremental borrowing rate based on comparative secured financing in the marketplace at the inception of the fixed lease payments.

 

Future estimated minimum lease payments by year and in aggregate, under the Company’s fixed payment operating lease consisted of the following at December 31, 2024:

 

For the years ended December 31,  Operating Leases 
2025  $56,533 
2026   56,533 
2027   56,533 
2028   37,689 
TOTAL   207,288 

 

Sale-Leaseback Transactions

 

The Company entered into $15.7 million of sales-leaseback transactions related to aircraft during the years ended December 31, 2023. No sales-leaseback transactions occurred in 2024. The Company recorded gains of $3.4 million associated with these transactions, for the years ended December 31, 2023. Gains are recorded in gross profit in the consolidated statements of operations. The leases of the aircraft assets are operating leases which incur variable lease costs based upon usage as described above. These lease costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Legal Contingencies

 

From time to time, the Company receives claims of and becomes subject to consumer protection, employment, intellectual property and other commercial litigation related to the conduct and operation of the Company’s business. In connection with such litigation, the Company may be subject to significant damages. We may also be subject to equitable remedies and penalties. Such litigation could be costly and time consuming and could divert or distract Company management and key personnel from its business operations. The Company is currently the defendant in suits brought by vendors, customers and suits related to the transfer of the flight operations and leases to flyExclusive and does not currently believe that any of its outstanding litigation will have a material adverse effect on its financial statements or business. However, due to the uncertainty of litigation and depending on the amount and the timing, an unfavorable resolution of some or all of these matters could materially affect the Company’s business, results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

 

In the Tampa Division of the U.S. District Court, in and for the Middle District of Florida on September 12, 2024, Joshua G. Newsteder, LouAnn Gray, and those similarly situated (the “Plaintiffs”) filed suit against the Volato Group, Inc. and Volato, Inc.(the “Defendants”) citing various allegations including that the termination of employment of 230 employees that occurred on August 30, 2024 violated requirements of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988, 29 U.S.C. § 2101 et. seq. (“WARN Act”) (collectively, the “Dispute”). Plaintiffs are seeking unpaid wages or salary, benefits and other relief deemed by the court as just and proper. Volato Group, Inc. and Volato, Inc. deny all allegations. Current range of loss can not be estimated.

 

  
M2i Global Inc [Member]        
COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES  

Note 4 — Commitments and Contingencies

 

From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently involved in any litigation that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

 

  

Note 4 — Commitments and Contingencies

 

From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently involved in any litigation that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.