XML 22 R9.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

Consolidation—The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates—Preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires it to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to deferred costs and revenues; depreciation of fixed assets; allowance for doubtful accounts; site equipment to be installed; stock-based compensation assumptions; impairment of fixed assets, software development costs, intangible assets and goodwill; and contingencies, including the reserve for sales tax inquiries; the provision for income taxes, including the valuation allowance; and purchase price allocations related to acquisitions. The Company bases its estimates on a combination of historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about significant carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 230, Statement of Cash Flows, defines “cash and cash equivalents” as any short-term, highly liquid investment that is both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. For the purpose of financial statement presentation, the Company has applied the provisions of ASC No. 230, as it considers all highly liquid investment instruments with original maturities of three months or less, or any investment redeemable without penalty or loss of interest, to be cash equivalents.

Capital Resources— In April 2015, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement with East West Bank, or the lender, pursuant to which, it could request advances in an aggregate outstanding amount at any time up to the lesser of $7,500,000, which the Company refers to as the revolving line, or an amount equal to its borrowing base, in each case, less the aggregate outstanding principal amount of prior advances. So long as there is no event of default, the Company may make a one-time request to increase the revolving line by up to $2,500,000, which the lender may accept or decline. In March 2016, the Company entered into an amendment to the loan and security agreement (“Amended Loan Agreement’). Under the Amended Loan Agreement, through March 31, 2017, the Company may request advances in an aggregate outstanding amount at any time up to the lesser of (a) the revolving line or (b) the sum of $2,000,000 (which the Company refers to as the “sublimit”) plus the amount equal to its borrowing base, in each case, less the aggregate outstanding principal amount of prior advances. On March 31, 2017, the sublimit becomes zero. If the aggregate amount of advances as of March 31, 2017 exceeds the lesser of the revolving line or the amount equal to the Company’s borrowing base, then it must pay the lender the amount of such excess. The net impact to the Company’s current borrowing capacity under the Amended Loan Agreement increased by approximately $1,500,000.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company borrowed $5,200,000 under this credit facility. The Company used approximately $3,381,000 of the proceeds to pay down existing indebtedness and to pay related prepayment fees. The Company will continue use the proceeds available under this credit facility to fund strategic growth initiatives and for general working capital purposes.

The Company has a credit facility with a lender under which the Company may borrow up to $9,853,000 for the purchase of certain capital equipment. Through 2015, the Company borrowed approximately $9,188,000, which is recorded in short-term and long-term debt on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. In April 2015, the Company used approximately $3,381,000 of the proceeds received from the East West Bank credit facility to pay down a portion of the principal amount it borrowed under this financing arrangement, accrued interest and a prepayment fee. As of December 31, 2015, $2,238,000 remained outstanding, and approximately $665,000 was available for borrowing.

The Company believes existing cash and cash equivalents and the remaining availability on its credit facilities will be sufficient to meet its operating cash requirements and to fulfill its debt obligations for at least the next twelve months. If cash and cash equivalents are not sufficient to meet future cash requirements, the Company may be required to reduce planned capital expenses, reduce operational cash uses, sell assets or seek financing. Any actions the Company may undertake to reduce planned capital purchases, reduce expenses, or generate proceeds from the sale of assets may be insufficient to cover shortfalls in available funds. If the Company requires additional capital, it may be unable to secure additional financing on terms that are acceptable to the Company, or at all.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from nonpayment by its customers. The Company reserves for all accounts that have been suspended or terminated from its Buzztime network services and for customers with balances that are greater than a predetermined number of days past due. The Company analyzes historical collection trends, customer concentrations and creditworthiness, economic trends and anticipated changes in customer payment patterns when evaluating the adequacy of its allowance for doubtful accounts for specific and general risks. Additional reserves may also be established if specific customers’ balances are identified as potentially uncollectible. If the financial condition of its customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.

Site Equipment to be Installed – Site equipment to be installed consist of finished goods related to the Company’s BEOND product platform and are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method. Rapid technological change or new product development could result in an increase in the quantity of obsolete site equipment to be installed on hand, and the Company could recognize losses from disposal of excess or obsolete site equipment to be installed. Additionally, the Company’s carrying costs of its site equipment to be installed are dependent on accurate estimates of customer demand for its products. A significant increase in the demand for the Company’s products could result in a short-term increase in the cost of site equipment purchases, while a significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess site equipment quantities on hand. As a result, although the Company attempts to maximize the accuracy of its forecasts of future product demand, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of the Company’s site equipment to be installed and its reported operating results.

The BEOND tablet platform equipment remains in site equipment to be installed until it is installed in customer sites. For BEOND tablet platform customers that are under sales-type lease arrangements, the cost of the equipment is recognized in direct costs upon installation. For all other BEOND tablet platform customers, the cost of the equipment is reclassified to fixed assets upon installation and depreciated over its useful life.

Fixed Assets— Fixed assets are recorded at cost. Equipment under capital leases is recorded at the present value of future minimum lease payments. Depreciation of fixed assets is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation of leasehold improvements and fixed assets under capital leases is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease period.

The Company incurs a relatively significant level of depreciation expense in relation to its operating income. The amount of depreciation expense in any fiscal year is largely related to the equipment located at the Company’s customers’ sites that are not under sales-type lease arrangements. Such equipment includes the Classic Playmaker, BEOND tablet, other associated electronics and the computers located at customer’s sites (collectively, “Site Equipment”). The components within Site Equipment are depreciated over two to five years based on the shorter of the contractual capital lease period or the estimated useful life, which considers anticipated technology changes. If the Company’s Site Equipment turns out to have longer lives, on average, than estimated, then its depreciation expense would be significantly reduced in those future periods. Conversely, if the Site Equipment turns out to have shorter lives, on average, than estimated, then its depreciation expense would be significantly increased in those future periods.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets—Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase combination determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead are assessed quarterly for impairment based on qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the goodwill is less than its carrying amount. Such qualitative factors include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance and other relevant events. If after assessing the totality of events or circumstances the Company determines it is not more likely than not that the goodwill is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step impairment test outlined in ASC No. 350 is unnecessary. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company performed the annual assessment of its goodwill related to NTN Canada, Inc., and determined that there were no indications of impairment.

ASC No. 350 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC No. 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. In accordance with ASC No. 360, the Company assesses potential impairments of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset or asset group. The Company performed its annual review as of December 31, 2015 of its other intangible assets and determined that there were no indications of impairment for the year ended December 31, 2015. During the Company’s annual review for the year ended December 41, 2014, it determined that certain fully amortized acquired intangible assets no longer had an economic benefit to the Company, and therefore, it disposed of these assets as of December 31, 2014. (See Note 4.)

Revenue Recognition—The Company recognizes revenue from recurring subscription fees for its service earned from its network subscribers, from leasing equipment (including tablets used in its BEOND tablet platform and the cases and charging trays for the tablets) to certain network subscribers, from hosting live trivia events, from selling advertising aired on in-venue screens and as part of customized games and directly from consumers who pay to play or use the premium content the Company began offering via its BEOND tablet platform in 2014. To the extent any of the foregoing contain multiple deliverables the Company evaluates the criteria in ASC No. 605, Revenue Recognition, to determine whether such deliverables represent separate units of accounting. In order to be considered a separate unit of accounting, the delivered items in an arrangement must have stand-alone value to the customer and objective and reliable evidence of fair value must exist for any undelivered elements. The Company’s arrangements for the transmission of the Buzztime network contain two deliverables: the installation of its equipment and the transmission of its network content for which the Company receives monthly subscription fees. As the installation deliverable does not have stand-alone value to the customer, it does not represent a separate unit of accounting. Therefore, for the Company’s Classic product, all installation fees received are deferred and recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the estimated life of the customer relationship. Because deployment of the Company’s BEOND tablet platform is so new, it has not yet established an estimated life of a BEOND customer, and therefore, it is deferring and recognizing installation fees as revenue on a straight-line basis over the customer contract term. All installation fees not recognized in revenue have been recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

In addition, the direct expenses of the installation, commissions, setup and training are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis and are classified as deferred costs on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. For these direct expenses that are associated with the Classic product, the amortization period approximates the estimated life of the customer relationship for deferred direct costs that are of an amount that is less than or equal to the deferred revenue for the related contract. For costs that exceed the deferred revenue, the amortization period is the initial term of the contract, in accordance with ASC No. 605, which is generally one year. For direct costs associated with the BEOND tablet platform, the amortization period approximates the life of the contract.

The Company evaluated its lease transactions in accordance with ASC No. 840, Leases, to determine classification of the leases against the following criteria:

	●	The lease transfers ownership of the property to the lessee by the end of the lease term;

	●	There is a bargain purchase option;

	●	The lease term is equal to or greater than 75% of the economic life of the equipment; or

	●	The present value of the minimum payments is equal to or greater than 90% of the fair market value of the equipment at the inception of the lease.

Because the Company’s current leasing agreement meets at least one of the criteria above because collectability of the minimum lease payments is reasonably assured and because there are no important uncertainties surrounding the amount of reimbursable costs yet to be incurred under the lease, the Company classifies the lease as a sales-type lease, and it recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, product delivery has occurred or the services have been rendered, the price is fixed and determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.

The Company recognizes revenues from selling advertising, from hosting live trivia events and from consumers who pay to play the Company’s premium content when all material services or conditions relating to the transaction have been performed or satisfied.

The Company has arrangements with certain third parties to share in revenue generated from some of its products and services. The Company evaluates recognition of the associated revenue in accordance with ASC No. 605-45, Revenue Recognition, Principal Agent Considerations. When indicators suggest that the Company is functioning as a principal, it records revenue gross and the corresponding amounts paid to third parties are recorded as direct expense. Conversely, when indicators suggest that the Company is functioning as an agent, it records revenue net of amounts paid to third parties.

Software Development Costs—The Company capitalizes costs related to developing certain software products in accordance with ASC No. 350. Amortization of costs related to interactive programs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the programs’ estimated useful lives, generally two to three years. Amortization expense relating to capitalized software development costs totaled $993,000 and $912,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, approximately $421,000 and $495,000, respectively, of capitalized software costs were not subject to amortization as the development of various software projects was not complete.

The Company performed its annual review of software development projects for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, and determined to abandon various software development projects that it concluded were no longer a current strategic fit or for which the Company determined that the marketability of the content had decreased due to obtaining additional information regarding the specific industry for which the content was intended. As a result, an impairment of $295,000 and $668,000 was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which is separately stated on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Advertising Costs – Marketing-related advertising costs are expensed as incurred and amounted to $3,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. There were no marketing-related advertising costs for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Shipping and Handling Costs—Shipping and handling costs are included in direct operating costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and are expensed as incurred.

Stock-Based Compensation— The Company estimates the fair value of its stock options using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, consistent with the provisions of ASC No. 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation and ASC No. 505-50, Equity – Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees.. The fair value of stock options granted is recognized to expense over the requisite service period. Stock-based compensation expense for share-based payment awards to employees is recognized using the straight-line single-option method. Stock-based compensation expense for share-based payment awards to non-employees is recorded at its fair value on the grant date and is periodically re-measured as the underlying awards vest. Stock-based compensation expense is reported as selling, general and administrative based upon the departments to which substantially all of the associated employees report.

Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

ASC No. 740, Income Taxes, defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the taxing authority. A tax position that meets the “more-likely-than-not” criterion are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company reviewed its tax positions and determined that an adjustment to the tax provision is not considered necessary nor is a reserve for income taxes required.

Earnings Per Share—Basic and diluted loss per common share have been computed by dividing the losses applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. The Company’s basic and fully diluted EPS calculation are the same since the increased number of shares that would be included in the diluted calculation from assumed exercise of common stock equivalents would be anti-dilutive to the net loss in each of the years shown in the consolidated financial statements.

Segment Reporting—In accordance with ASC No. 280, Segment Reporting, the Company has determined that it operates as one operating segment. Decisions regarding the Company’s overall operating performance and allocation of its resources are assessed on a consolidated basis.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This update requires lessees to recognize at the lease commencement date a lease liability, which is the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis, and a right-of-use assets, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Lessees will no longer be provided with a source of off-balance sheet financing. This update is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 (which is January 1, 2019 for the Company), including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Lessees and lessors must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Applying a full retrospective transition approach is not allowed. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. This update requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as non-current in a classified statement of financial position. This ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (which is January 1, 2017 for the Company), and interim periods within those annual periods. Earlier application is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company adopted this ASU early on a retrospective basis in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. Accordingly, prior periods were retrospectively adjusted. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. This update requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts will be recorded in the same period's financial statements, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 (which is January 1, 2016 for the Company), including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this update should be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of this update with earlier application permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. This update requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 (which is January 1, 2017 for the Company), including interim periods within those fiscal years. This update should be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which permits a reporting entity, as a practical expedient, to measure the fair value of certain investments using the net asset value per share of the investment. This update removes the requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy all investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. This update also removes the requirement to make certain disclosures for all investments that are eligible to be measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient. Rather, those disclosures are limited to investments for which the entity has elected to measure the fair value using that practical expedient. This update applies to reporting entities that elect to measure the fair value of an investment within the related scope by using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient. This update is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 (which is January 1, 2016 for the Company), and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this update will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. This update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability. ASU 2015-03 is to be applied retrospectively and represents a change in accounting principle. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements. ASU 2015-15 clarified the presentation and subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements. Such costs may be presented in the balance sheet as an asset and subsequently amortized ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 (which is January 1, 2016 for the Company), including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 – Consolidation (Topic 810), which amends the consolidation requirements in Topic 810 and significantly changes the consolidation analysis required under U.S. GAAP relating to whether or not to consolidate certain legal entities. This update is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015 (which is January 1, 2016 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this update will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements in future periods, although that could change.

In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-01, Income Statement-Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Topic 225). This ASU updated the accounting guidance related to extraordinary and unusual items by eliminating the concept of extraordinary items. In addition, disclosure guidance for items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently will be retained and will be expanded to include items that are both unusual in nature and infrequently occurring. This update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015 (which is January 1, 2016 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this update will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This update outlines a new, single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. This new revenue recognition model provides a five-step analysis in determining when and how revenue is recognized. The new model will require revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration a company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. ASU 2014-09 is now effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (which is January 1, 2018 for the Company), including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Entities have the option of using either a full retrospective or a modified approach to adopting the guidance. The Company has not yet selected a transition approach and it is currently assessing the impact on its consolidated financial statements from the adoption of this new accounting guidance.