<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-24-004094.txt : 20240116
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-24-004094.hdr.sgml : 20240116
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20240116160122
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-24-004094
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20240110
ITEM INFORMATION:		Results of Operations and Financial Condition
ITEM INFORMATION:		Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20240116
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20240116

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Transcode Therapeutics, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001829635
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		IRS NUMBER:				811065054
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-40363
		FILM NUMBER:		24535117

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		6 LIBERTY SQUARE
		STREET 2:		#2382
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02109
		BUSINESS PHONE:		857-301-6857

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		6 LIBERTY SQUARE
		STREET 2:		#2382
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02109
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<p style="font: 16pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES </b></p>

<p style="font: 16pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Washington, D.C. 20549 </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 </b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):  January 16, 2024 (<span id="xdx_906_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20240110__20240110_zZ7E49mQC0Pg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-01-10" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">January 10, 2024</ix:nonNumeric></span>)</b></p>

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<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TransCode
Therapeutics, Inc.</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Check the appropriate box below if the Form&#160;8-K filing is intended
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Securities registered  pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
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<p style="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>






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<p style="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.75pt"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0.75pt">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">TransCode Therapeutics, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) hereby furnishes
the following estimate with respect to its preliminary cash balance at December 31, 2023:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify">Cash of approximately $2.8 million at December 31, 2023.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">This estimate is preliminary and subject to completion of the Company&#8217;s
financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023. The actual amount that the Company reports will be subject to the
completion of its financial closing procedures and any final adjustments that may be made prior to the time its results for the year ended
December 31, 2023, are finalized and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company&#8217;s independent registered public
accounting firm has not audited, reviewed, compiled, or performed any procedures with respect to the Company&#8217;s cash and, accordingly,
does not express an opinion or any other form of assurance with respect to this amount. This estimate should not be viewed as a substitute
for financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and is not necessarily
indicative of the results to be achieved in any future period. The Company assumes no duty to update this preliminary estimate except
as required by law.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">The information under this Item 2.02 is intended to be furnished and
shall not be deemed &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange
Act&#8221;), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 1in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item&#160;3.03</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders.</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">To the extent required
by Item 3.03 of Form&#160;8-K,&#160;information regarding the Reverse Split (as defined below) contained in Item 5.03 of this Current
Report on Form&#160;8-K&#160;is incorporated by reference herein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; width: 1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 5.02</b></span></td>
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    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors;
Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.</b></p></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><i>Departure of Chief
Executive Officer and Director</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">On January 10, 2024,
Robert Michael Dudley entered into a separation agreement with the Company pursuant to which he resigned from his position as the Company&#8217;s
President and Chief Executive Officer, and as a director of the Company, in each case effective January 13, 2024. Mr. Dudley&#8217;s decision
to resign is not the result of any disagreement with the Company on any matter related to the Company&#8217;s operations, policies or
practices.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">Under the separation
agreement, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Dudley a severance payment in the amount of $34,607.70 within seven days of the effective date
(as defined in the separation agreement) and to accelerate the vesting of all of Mr. Dudley&#8217;s outstanding option awards that would
have otherwise vested during the 12-month period following the separation date and extend the exercise period of these awards through
the 12-month period following the separation date. Mr. Dudley also entered into a customary release of claims in favor of the Company.
The foregoing description of the separation agreement is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of
the separation agreement which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated by reference herein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><i>Appointment of Interim
President and Chief Executive Officer</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">Thomas A. Fitzgerald,
the Company&#8217;s Chief Financial Officer, was appointed to serve as the Company&#8217;s Interim President and Chief Executive Officer,
effective January 13, 2024. He will continue to serve as the Company&#8217;s Chief Financial Officer.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The information required
by Items 401 and 404(a) of Regulation S-K is hereby incorporated by reference for Mr. Fitzgerald from the Company&#8217;s Proxy Statement
filed on April 10, 2023.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; width: 1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 5.03</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 10, 2023, the Company filed with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a Certificate of Amendment (the &#8220;Certificate of Amendment&#8221;) to its Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect a 1-for-40 reverse stock split (the &#8220;Reverse Split&#8221;) of the Company&#8217;s
issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), as of 12:01 a.m.&#160;Eastern
Time on January 16, 2024 (the &#8220;Effective Time&#8221;). Beginning with the opening of trading on January 16, 2024, the Company&#8217;s
Common Stock is expected to trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market on a split-adjusted basis under a new CUSIP number 89357L 303. The Company&#8217;s
Common Stock will continue to trade under the symbol &#8220;RNAZ.&#8221;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At a Special Meeting of Stockholders held on January
8, 2024, the Company&#8217;s stockholders granted the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;) the discretion to effect
the Reverse Split at a ratio of any whole number between 1-for-10 and 1-for-40, with such ratio and the timing of the Reverse Split to
be determined by the Board.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">As
a result of the Reverse Split, every forty (40) shares of the Company&#8217;s Common Stock issued and outstanding as of the Effective
Time will automatically be converted into one (1)&#160;share of Common Stock, but without any change in the par value per share. Proportional
adjustments will be made to the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Company&#8217;s outstanding stock options
and warrants, as well as the applicable exercise price. The Reverse Split will not change the number of authorized shares of Common Stock.
</span>Immediately after the Effective Time, the Company will have approximately 627,448 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Vstock Transfer LLC (&#8220;Vstock&#8221;), the
Company&#8217;s transfer agent, is acting as exchange agent for the Reverse Split. <span style="background-color: white">The Reverse Split
will affect all stockholders uniformly, except with respect to the treatment of fractional shares. </span>In lieu of issuing fractional
shares, stockholders of record who otherwise would be entitled to receive fractional shares will be entitled to rounding up of the fractional
share to the nearest whole number. Beneficial owners whose shares are held in &#8220;street name&#8221; through banks, brokers, custodians
or other nominees will have their holdings automatically adjusted without further action by such banks, brokers, custodians or other nominees,
who will be instructed by Vstock to give effect to the Reverse Split. However, these banks, brokers, custodians or other nominees may
have different procedures than registered stockholders for processing the Reverse Split. If a stockholder&#8217;s shares are held by a
bank, broker, custodian or other nominee and that stockholder has any questions in this regard, that stockholder is encouraged to contact
the bank, broker, custodian or other nominee holding their shares for more information.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The foregoing description of the Certificate of
Amendment does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Certificate of Amendment,
which is filed as Exhibit&#160;3.1 to this Current Report on Form&#160;8-K and incorporated by reference herein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; width: 1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 7.01</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Regulation FD Disclosure.</b></span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 11, 2024, the Company issued a&#160;press
release announcing the Reverse Split. A copy of the press release is attached as Exhibit&#160;99.1 hereto, and incorporated herein by
reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; width: 1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 9.01</b></span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(d)&#160;Exhibits</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="text-align: justify; white-space: nowrap; width: 7%">
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Exhibit&#160;</b></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>No.</b></p></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="text-align: justify; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm243329d1_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm243329d1_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of TransCode Therapeutics,&#160;Inc.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="text-align: justify; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm243329d1_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm243329d1_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Separation Agreement, dated January 10, 2024, by and between TransCode Therapeutics, Inc. and Robert Michael Dudley.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="text-align: justify; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm243329d1_ex99-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.1</span></a></td>
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    <td style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm243329d1_ex99-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Press Release, dated January 11, 2024. </span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="text-align: justify; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The cover page from this Current Report on Form 8-K formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101). </span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date: January 16, 2024</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TransCode Therapeutics,&#160;Inc.</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 50%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; width: 43%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Thomas A. Fitzgerald</span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Thomas A. Fitzgerald</span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.1
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 3.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>THE AMENDED AND RESTATED</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TRANSCODE THERAPEUTICS,&nbsp;INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">TransCode Therapeutics,&nbsp;Inc. (the &ldquo;<U>Corporation</U>&rdquo;),
a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &ldquo;<U>DGCL</U>&rdquo;),
does hereby certify:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1. Pursuant to Section&nbsp;242 of the DGCL, this Certificate of Amendment
to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (this &ldquo;<U>Certificate of Amendment</U>&rdquo;) amends the provisions of
the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>Charter</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2. This Certificate of Amendment has been approved and duly adopted
by the Corporation&rsquo;s Board of Directors and stockholders in accordance with the provisions of Section&nbsp;242 of the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3. Upon this Certificate of Amendment becoming effective, the Charter
is hereby amended as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">ARTICLE&nbsp;IV of the Charter is hereby amended by adding
the following new paragraph at the end of such article:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&ldquo;C. <U>REVERSE STOCK SPLIT</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Effective at 12:01
a.m., Eastern Time, on January&nbsp;16, 2024 (the &ldquo;<B>2024 Split Effective Time</B>&rdquo;), every forty (40) shares of common stock
issued and outstanding or held by the Corporation as treasury shares as of the 2024 Split Effective Time shall automatically, and without
action on the part of the stockholders, be combined, reclassified and changed into one (1)&nbsp;validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable
share of common stock, without effecting a change to the par value per share of common stock, subject to the treatment of fractional interests
as described below (the &ldquo;<B>2024 Reverse Split</B>&rdquo;). Notwithstanding the immediately preceding sentence, no fractional shares
will be issued in connection with the combination effected by the preceding sentence. Stockholders of record who otherwise would be entitled
to receive fractional shares will be entitled to rounding up of the fractional share to the nearest whole number. As of the 2024 Split
Effective Time and thereafter, a certificate(s)&nbsp;representing shares of common stock prior to the 2024 Reverse Split is deemed to
represent the number of post-2024 Reverse Split shares into which the pre-2024 Reverse Split shares were reclassified and combined. The
2024 Reverse Split shall also apply to any outstanding securities or rights convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, common
stock of the Corporation and all references to such common stock in agreements, arrangements, documents and plans relating thereto or
any option or right to purchase or acquire shares of common stock shall be deemed to be references to the common stock or options or rights
to purchase or acquire shares of common stock, as the case may be, after giving effect to the 2024 Reverse Split.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4. This Certificate of Amendment shall become effective at 12:01 a.m.,
Eastern Time, on January&nbsp;16, 2024.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">* _ * _ * _ *</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IN
WITNESS WHEREOF</B></FONT>, the undersigned authorized officer of the Corporation has executed this Certificate of Amendment to the Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as of January&nbsp;10, 2024.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding: 0.25pt; vertical-align: top"><B>TRANSCODE THERAPEUTICS,&nbsp;INC.</B></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 0.25pt; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0.25pt; vertical-align: top; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 0.25pt">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 0.25pt; vertical-align: top">/s/ Thomas Fitzgerald</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 0.25pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0.25pt; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Thomas Fitzgerald</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 0.25pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0.25pt; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm243329d1_ex10-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 10.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">January&nbsp;10, 2024</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">R. Michael Dudley</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Re: Separation Agreement</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dear Michael:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This letter agreement follows our conversations
regarding your employment with TransCode Therapeutics,&nbsp;Inc. (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;) and confirms your resignation from
employment with the Company effective January&nbsp;13, 2024 (the &ldquo;<U>Separation Date</U>&rdquo;). The parties acknowledge that the
Company currently proposes to effect a registered public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-1, which
registered public offering is proposed to be consummated following the Separation Date. The Company agrees that if it proceeds with such
registered public offering following the Separation Date it will file an amendment to the registration statement that appropriately discloses
your separation from the Company and removes you as a signatory to the registration statement. We appreciate your contributions and would
like to work with you to make this transition as smooth as possible.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Regardless of whether you sign this Agreement,
you are subject to continuing obligations under your Confidentiality and Intellectual Property Assignment Agreement with the Company,
which you executed on January&nbsp;29, 2016 (the &ldquo;<U>Confidentiality Agreement</U>&rdquo; and with any other confidentiality, restrictive
covenant and other ongoing common law or fiduciary obligations you have to any of the Releasees (as defined below), the &ldquo;<U>Ongoing
Obligations</U>&rdquo;). The Company will pay you your accrued salary and accrued but unused paid time off accrued through the Separation
Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January&nbsp;13, 2024, the Company will pay
you $19,576.92 in salary for the first payroll period in January. The Company will also pay you, on January&nbsp;13, 2024, $11,670.22
in paid time off.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The remainder of this letter proposes an agreement
(the &ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;) between you and the Company. You and the Company agree as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Severance
Benefits</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(a)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Severance
Pay</U>. The Company will pay you a severance payment, (to which, absent your signing this Agreement, you would not otherwise be entitled)
of $34,607.70 (the &ldquo;<U>Severance Pay</U>&rdquo;) in a lump sum within 7 days following the Effective Date (as defined below). The
Severance Pay shall be subject to taxes and lawful withholdings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(b)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Acceleration
and Exercise Extension</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Company&rsquo;s 2020 Stock Option and Incentive Plan or 2021
Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as applicable, and the applicable award agreements thereunder (collectively, the &ldquo;<U>Equity Documents</U>&rdquo;),
if you sign, do not revoke and comply with this Agreement, (i)&nbsp;the number of Company stock options and any other shares subject
to time-based vesting (the &ldquo;<U>Time-Based Equity</U>&rdquo;) that would have vested under the Equity Documents had you remained
employed with the Company until the 12-month anniversary of the Separation Date shall immediately accelerate and become fully exercisable
or nonforfeitable as of the Effective Date (the &ldquo;<U>Equity Acceleration</U>&rdquo;) and (ii)&nbsp;effective on the Effective Date,
the period during which you may exercise your vested Time-Based Equity shall be extended until the date that is twelve (12) months after
the Separation Date, but in no event later than the expiration date of such options (the &ldquo;<U>Exercise Period Extension</U>&rdquo;).
You acknowledge that as a result of the Exercise Period Extension, to the extent your stock options were incentive stock options, your
stock options will convert from incentive stock options to nonqualified stock options, subject to applicable law. You are advised to
seek tax guidance from your personal tax advisors with regard to the effect of the Exercise Period Extension on the tax treatment of
your stock options. Except for the Equity Acceleration and the Exercise Period Extension, your stock options remain subject to the Equity
Documents in all respects.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Resignations
from Other Positions; Transition of Information and Access</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with the ending of your employment,
you hereby (i)&nbsp;resign from any and all positions, including, without implication of limitation, as Chief Executive Officer, President
and director of the Company and as trustee or other officer, or other positions you occupy, or may be deemed to occupy, at the Company,
or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, in each case effective as of the Separation Date; (ii)&nbsp;agree to execute such documentation
as the Company or its applicable subsidiary or affiliate reasonably requires to effectuate such resignations; and (iii)&nbsp;take such
steps as the Company (or its applicable subsidiary or affiliate) reasonably requests to ensure the transition of any account access, systems
access, password access, customer access, confidential information, Company property, customer information or customer relationships to
the Company or its applicable subsidiary or affiliate. You acknowledge and agree that your resignations described in this section shall
be effective as of the date of this Agreement and shall not be subject to the Revocation Period (as defined below) or otherwise revocable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>3.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Release
of Claims</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In consideration for, among other terms, your
eligibility for the Severance Benefits, to which you acknowledge you would otherwise not be entitled, you, on behalf of yourself and your
heirs, administrators, representatives, successors and assigns (together with you, the &ldquo;<U>Releasors</U>&rdquo;) voluntarily release
and forever discharge the Company, its affiliated and related entities, its and their respective predecessors, successors and assigns,
its and their respective employee benefit plans and fiduciaries of such plans, and the current and former employees, officers, directors,
shareholders, interest holders, managers, members, partners, investors, attorneys, accountants and agents of each of the foregoing in
their official and personal capacities (collectively referred to as the &ldquo;<U>Releasees</U>&rdquo;) generally from all claims, demands,
debts, damages and liabilities of every name and nature, known or unknown (&ldquo;<U>Claims</U>&rdquo;) that, as of the date when you
sign this Agreement, you or any other Releasor have, ever had, now claim to have or ever claimed to have had against any or all of the
Releasees. This release includes, without limitation, all Claims:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">relating to your employment by and termination of employment with the Company;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">of wrongful discharge or violation of public policy;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">of breach of contract including, without limitation, the Employment Agreement between you and the Company,
dated March&nbsp;24, 2021 (the &ldquo;<U>Employment Agreement</U>&rdquo;);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">all other claims under the Employment Agreement;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">of defamation or other torts;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">of retaliation or discrimination under federal, state or local law (including, without limitation, Claims
of discrimination or retaliation under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, and Title VII of
the Civil Rights Act of 1964);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">under any other federal or state statute;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">under MGL c. 151B;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">for wages, bonuses, incentive compensation, commissions, stock, stock options, vacation pay or any other
compensation or benefits, either under the Massachusetts Wage Act, M.G.L. c. 149, &sect;&sect;148-150C, or otherwise; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">for damages or other remedies of any sort, including, without limitation, compensatory damages, punitive
damages, injunctive relief and attorney&rsquo;s fees;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>provided</I></FONT>,
however, that this release shall not affect your rights under this Agreement or the Executive Officer Indemnification Agreement between
you and the Company (the &ldquo;<U>Indemnification Agreement</U>&rdquo;) or your vested rights under (and subject to) the Equity Documents
or the Company&rsquo;s Section&nbsp;401(k)&nbsp;plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You acknowledge and represent that, except as
expressly provided in this Agreement, the Company has paid or provided all salary, wages, bonuses, accrued vacation/paid time off, premiums,
leaves, housing allowances, relocation costs, interest, severance, outplacement costs, fees, reimbursable expenses, commissions, stock,
stock options, vesting, and any and all other benefits and compensation due to you. You specifically represent that you are not due to
receive any commissions or other incentive compensation from the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You agree not to accept damages of any nature,
other equitable or legal remedies for your own benefit or attorney&rsquo;s fees or costs from any of the Releasees with respect to any
Claim released by this Agreement. As a material inducement to the Company to enter into this Agreement, you represent that you have not
assigned any Claim to any third party.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>4.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Return
of Property</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You shall not dispose of Company property (including
information or documents, including computerized data Company and any copies made of any computerized data Company or software (&ldquo;<U>Documents</U>&rdquo;)),
without written authorization. You agree to return to the Company all Company property, including, without limitation, keys and access
cards, credit cards, files and any Documents containing information concerning the Company, its business or its business relationships
(in the latter two cases, actual or prospective) and any information about the Company&rsquo;s commercial and technical strategies and
mechanics associated with implementing those strategies, on or before the seventh (7<SUP>th</SUP> day) following the Separation Date,
unless earlier requested by the Company. After returning all Documents and Company property, you commit to deleting and finally purging
any duplicates of files or documents that may contain Company information from any non-Company computer or other device that remains your
property. In the event that you discover that you continue to retain any such property, you shall return it to the Company immediately.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>5.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Non-Disparagement</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Subject to the Protected Activities section below,
you agree not to make any oral or written disparaging statements (including through social media) concerning the Company or any of its
affiliates or current or former officers, directors, shareholders, employees or agents. You further agree not to take any actions or conduct
yourself in any way that would reasonably be expected to affect adversely the reputation or goodwill of the Company or any of its affiliates
or any of its current or former officers, members, directors, shareholders, employees or agents. These non- disparagement obligations
shall not in any way affect your obligation to testify truthfully in any legal proceeding. The Company&rsquo;s C-level officers and its
current directors shall not: (i)&nbsp;make any oral or written disparaging statements (including through social media) concerning you;
or (ii)&nbsp;take any actions or conduct themselves in any way that would reasonably be expected to affect adversely your reputation or
goodwill.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>6.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Announcement
of Transition</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You agree to assist the Company, at the Company&rsquo;s
reasonable request, with the press release announcing your resignation. The Company will submit the press release for your review and
you agree to respond promptly with any comments you may have, which will be considered in good faith by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>7.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Confidentiality
of Agreement-Related Information; Other Obligations</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Subject to the Protected Activities section below,
you agree, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to keep all Agreement-Related Information completely confidential. &ldquo;<U>Agreement-Related
Information</U>&rdquo; means the negotiations leading to this Agreement and the terms of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
you may disclose Agreement-Related Information to your spouse, your family, your attorney and your financial advisors, and to them only
provided that they first agree for the benefit of the Company to keep Agreement-Related Information confidential. You represent that during
the period since the date of this Agreement, you have not made any disclosures that would have been contrary to the foregoing obligation
if it had then been in effect. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent you from disclosing Agreement-Related Information
to the extent required by a lawfully issued subpoena or duly issued court order; provided that you provide the Company with advance written
notice and a reasonable opportunity to contest such subpoena or court order. You agree to notify future employers of your Ongoing Obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>8.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Protected
Activities</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Nothing contained in this Agreement or in any
other agreement with the Company limits your ability to: (i)&nbsp;file a charge or complaint with any federal, state or local governmental
agency or commission, including without limitation the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the National Labor Relations Board or
the Securities and Exchange Commission (a &ldquo;<U>Government Agency</U>&rdquo;); (ii)&nbsp;communicate with any Government Agency or
otherwise participate in any investigation or proceeding that may be conducted by any Government Agency; (iii)&nbsp;exercise any rights
you may have under Section&nbsp;7 of the National Labor Relations Act, including any rights you may have under such provision to assist
co-workers with or discuss any employment issue, dispute or term or condition of employment as part of engaging in concerted activities
for the purpose of mutual aid or protection; (iv)&nbsp;discuss or disclose information about unlawful acts in the workplace, such as harassment
or discrimination or any other conduct that you have reason to believe is unlawful; or (v)&nbsp;testify truthfully in a legal proceeding,
in any event with or without notice to or approval of the Company so long as such communications and disclosures are consistent with applicable
law and the information disclosure was not obtained through a communication that was subject to the attorney client privilege (unless
disclosure of that information would otherwise be permitted consistent with such privilege). If you file any charge or complaint with
any Government Agency and if the Government Agency pursues any claim on your behalf, or if any other third party pursues any claim on
your behalf, you waive any right to monetary or other individualized relief (either individually or as part of any collective or class
action) but the Company will not limit any right you may have to receive an award by an order of a Government Agency pursuant to the whistleblower
provisions of any applicable law or regulation for providing information to the SEC or any other Government Agency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>9.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Defend
Trade Secrets Act Notice</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You understand that pursuant to the Defend Trade
Secrets Act of 2016, you shall not be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state trade secret law for the disclosure
of a trade secret that (A)&nbsp;is made (i)&nbsp;in confidence to a federal, state, or local government official, either directly or indirectly,
or to an attorney; and (ii)&nbsp;solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (B)&nbsp;is made
in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>10.</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Other
Provisions</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(a)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Termination
and Return of Payments</U>. If you breach any of your material obligations under this Agreement or the Ongoing Obligations, in addition
to any other legal or equitable remedies it may have for such breach, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any agreement between
you and the Company, the Company shall have the right to terminate and/or enforce the return of its non-wage payments to you or for your
benefit under this Agreement and terminate any extended exercise period for your equity rights. Such remedies in the event of your breach
will not affect your continuing obligations under this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(b)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Enforceability</U>.
If any portion or provision of this Agreement (including, without limitation, any portion or provision of any section of this Agreement)
shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or
the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable,
shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted
by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(c)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Waiver;
Absence of Reliance</U>. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving
party. The failure of a party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by a party of any
breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent
breach. In signing this Agreement, you are not relying upon any promises or representations made by anyone at or on behalf of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(d)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Jurisdiction;
Governing Law; Interpretation</U>. Except as expressly otherwise provided in the Equity Documents: (i)&nbsp;you and the Company hereby
agree that the state and federal courts of Massachusetts located in Boston shall have the exclusive jurisdiction to consider any matters
related to this Agreement, including without limitation any claim of a violation of this Agreement; and (ii)&nbsp;with respect to any
such court action, you submit to the jurisdiction of such courts and you acknowledge that venue in such courts is proper; and (iii)&nbsp;This
Agreement shall be interpreted and enforced under the laws of Massachusetts, without regard to conflict of law principles. You and the
Company waive any right to a jury with respect to any dispute between you.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(e)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Entire
Agreement</U>. This Agreement, the Ongoing Obligations (which are incorporated herein by reference), the Equity Documents and the Indemnification
Agreement constitute the entire agreement between you and the Company and supersede any previous agreements, understandings or communications
between you and the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(f)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Time
for Consideration; Effective Date</U>. You acknowledge that the Company proposed an agreement to you on January&nbsp;3, 2024 (the &ldquo;<U>Initial
Proposal</U>&rdquo;) and that you have been given the opportunity to consider this Agreement for twenty-one (21) days from the date of
the Initial Proposal (the &ldquo;<U>Consideration Period</U>&rdquo;). By signing below by no later than January&nbsp;10, 2024, you agree
that you waiving the remainder of the Consideration Period. You acknowledge that the above release of claims expressly includes without
limitation claims under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. You acknowledge that you consulted with an attorney before signing this
Agreement. To accept this Agreement, you must return a signed original or a signed PDF copy of this Agreement so that it is received by
the undersigned at or before the expiration of the Consideration Period. If you sign this Agreement before the end of the Consideration
Period, you acknowledge by signing this Agreement that such decision was entirely voluntary and that you had the opportunity to consider
this Agreement for the entire Consideration Period. For the period of seven (7)&nbsp;days from the date when you sign this Agreement (the
 &ldquo;<U>Revocation Period</U>&rdquo;), you have the right to revoke this Agreement by written notice to the undersigned. For such a
revocation to be effective, it must be delivered so that it is received by the undersigned at or before the expiration of the Revocation
Period. This Agreement shall not become effective or enforceable during the Revocation Period. It will become effective on the day after
the Revocation Period ends (the &ldquo;<U>Effective Date</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(g)</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B><U>Counterparts</U>.
This Agreement may be executed in separate counterparts. When all counterparts are signed, including by electronic means, they shall be
treated together as one and the same document.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Please indicate your agreement to the terms of
this Agreement by signing and returning to the undersigned the original or a PDF copy of this letter within the time period set forth
above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Very truly yours,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">TransCode Therapeutics,&nbsp;Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 47%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Phillippe Calais</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 26%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1/10/2024</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Phillippe Calais</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Executive Chairman</P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This is a legal document. Your signature will commit you to its terms.
By signing below, you acknowledge that you have carefully read and fully understand all of the provisions of this Agreement and that you
are knowingly and voluntarily entering into this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 47%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ R. Michael Dudley</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 26%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1/10/2024</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">R. Michael Dudley</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Executive Chairman</P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>tm243329d1_ex99-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; color: Red"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm243329d1_ex99-1img001.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 57px; width: 350px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>TransCode Therapeutics Announces 1-for-40 Reverse Stock Split</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">January&nbsp;11, 2024</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">BOSTON, Jan.&nbsp;11, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE)
-- TransCode Therapeutics,&nbsp;Inc. (NASDAQ: RNAZ) (&ldquo;TransCode&rdquo; or the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), the RNA Oncology
Company&trade; committed to more effectively treating cancer using RNA therapeutics, today announced that its Board of Directors has
approved a 1-for-40 reverse stock split, to be effective at 12:01 a.m.&nbsp;Eastern Standard Time Tuesday, January&nbsp;16, 2024.
TransCode common stock is expected to begin trading on a split-adjusted basis on the Nasdaq Capital Market on Tuesday,
January&nbsp;16, 2024, under the current trading symbol, &ldquo;RNAZ.&rdquo; The reverse stock split was approved by
TransCode&rsquo;s stockholders on January&nbsp;8, 2024, and is intended to increase the per share trading price of the Company's
common stock to enable the Company to satisfy the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital
Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The 1-for-40 reverse stock split will automatically convert forty current
shares of TransCode&rsquo;s common stock into one new share of common stock. No fractional shares will be issued in connection with the
reverse stock split. In lieu of issuing fractional shares, stockholders of record who otherwise would be entitled to receive fractional
shares will be entitled to rounding up of the fractional share to the nearest whole number. The reverse split will reduce the number of
shares of outstanding common stock from approximately 25,097,596 shares to approximately 627,448 shares. Proportional adjustments also
will be made to the exercise prices of TransCode&rsquo;s outstanding stock options and warrants, and to the number of shares issued and
issuable under TransCode&rsquo;s stock incentive plans.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Vstock Transfer LLC will act as the exchange agent for the reverse
stock split. Stockholders of record are not required to take any action to receive post-split shares in book-entry. Stockholders owning
shares through a bank, broker, custodian or other nominee will have their positions automatically adjusted to reflect the reverse stock
split, subject to the holding entity&rsquo;s particular processes; such stockholders will not be required to take any action in connection
with the reverse stock split. However, these banks, brokers, custodians or other nominees may have different procedures than registered
stockholders for processing the reverse stock split. If a stockholder holds shares of common stock with a bank, broker, custodian or other
nominee and has any questions in this regard, stockholders are encouraged to contact their bank, broker, custodian or other nominee for
more information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In connection with the reverse stock split, the Company's CUSIP number
will change to 89357L 303 as of 12:01 a.m.&nbsp;Eastern Standard Time on Tuesday, January&nbsp;16, 2024.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>About TransCode Therapeutics</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">TransCode is an RNA oncology company created on the belief that cancer
can be more effectively treated using RNA therapeutics. Using its proprietary iron oxide nanoparticle delivery platform, the company has
created a portfolio of drug candidates designed to target a variety of tumor types with the objective of significantly improving patient
outcomes. The company&rsquo;s lead therapeutic candidate, TTX-MC138, is focused on treating metastatic cancer, which is believed to cause
approximately 90% of all cancer deaths totaling over nine million per year worldwide. Another of the company&rsquo;s drug candidates,
TTX-siPDL1, focuses on treating tumors by targeting a protein called Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). TransCode also has three cancer-agnostic
programs: TTX-RIGA, an RNA&ndash;based agonist of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I designed to drive an immune response in the tumor
microenvironment; TTX-CRISPR, a CRISPR/Cas9&ndash;based therapy platform for the repair or elimination of cancer-causing genes inside
tumor cells; and TTX-mRNA, an mRNA-based platform for the development of cancer vaccines designed to activate cytotoxic immune responses
against tumor cells.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Forward-Looking Statements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This press release contains
 &ldquo;forward-looking statements&rdquo; that are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than
statements of historical fact, contained in this press release are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements contained
in this press release may be identified by the use of words such as &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;contemplate,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;seek,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;might,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;predict,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;project,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo; &ldquo;aim,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;would,&rdquo; or
the negative of these words or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words.
Forward-looking statements are based on the Company&rsquo;s current expectations and are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks
and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Further, certain forward-looking statements are based on assumptions as to future
events that may not prove to be accurate, including the Company&rsquo;s expectations regarding the effect of the reverse stock split
and its continued listing on Nasdaq. These and other risks and uncertainties are described more fully in the sections titled
 &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; and &ldquo;Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements&rdquo; in the Company&rsquo;s Annual
Report on Form&nbsp;10-K and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements contained
in this announcement are made as of this date, and the Company undertakes no duty to update such information except as required
under applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>For more information, please contact:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">TransCode Therapeutics,&nbsp;Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Tom Fitzgerald, CFO</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">tom.fitzgerald@transcodetherapeutics.com</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>rnaz-20240110.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
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          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>rnaz-20240110_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>rnaz-20240110_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140582744432336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 10, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jan. 10,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-40363<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">TRANSCODE THERAPEUTICS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001829635<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">81-1065054<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">6 Liberty Square<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">#2382<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Boston<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">02109<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">857<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">837-3099<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">RNAZ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod', window );">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 7A<br> -Section B<br> -Subsection 2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
