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SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Kaixin Auto 2019 Plan  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Schedule of assumptions used in determining the fair value of share options granted

Years ended December 31, 

 

2019

2020

 

Risk-free interest rate(1)

2.50-3.00

%  

N/A

Volatility(2)

45%-46

%  

N/A

Expected term (in years) (3)

10

N/A

Exercise price(4)

$

0.01

N/A

Dividend yield(5)

N/A

Fair value of underlying ordinary share(6)

$

2.12-$3.36

N/A

(1)

Risk-free interest rate

Risk-free interest rate was estimated based on the yield to maturity of treasury bonds of the United States with a maturity period close to the expected life of the options, and the country risk spread between China and United States was considered.

(2)

Volatility

The volatility of the underlying ordinary shares during the life of the options was estimated based on the historical stock price volatility of listed comparable companies over a period comparable to the expected term of the options.

(3)

Expected term

For the options granted to employees, the Company estimated the expected term based on the vesting and contractual terms and employee demographics. For the options granted to non-employees, the Company estimated the expected term as the original contractual term.

(4)

Exercise price

The exercise price of the options was determined by the Company’s board of directors.

(5)

Dividend yield

The dividend yield was estimated by the Company based on its expected dividend policy over the expected term of the options.

16. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (cont.)

(a) Kaixin incentive plans (cont.)

(6)

Fair value of underlying ordinary shares

Prior to the consummation of the SPAC Transaction, the estimated fair value of the ordinary shares underlying the options as of the valuation date was determined based on a contemporaneous valuation. When estimating the fair value of the ordinary shares on the valuation dates, management has considered a number of factors, including the result of a third party appraisal of the Company, while taking into account standard valuation methods and the achievement of certain events. The fair value of the ordinary shares in connection with the option grants on the valuation date was determined with the assistance of an independent third-party appraiser. The fair values of the underlying ordinary shares on each date of the grant after April 30, 2019, were the closing prices of the Company's ordinary shares traded in the Stock Exchange.

Summary of stock option activity

    

    

    

Weighted

    

    

average

Weighted

Weighted

grant day

Average

Average

fair

Remaining

Aggregate

Options Granted to Employees

Number of

Exercise

Value per

Contractual

Intrinsic

and Directors

Shares

Price

shares

Years

value

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019

2,154,514

$

0.01

$

3.20

9.39

$

4,007

Forfeited

(165,264)

$

0.01

$

3.35

Granted

Exercised

(499,456)

3.23

Outstanding as of December 31, 2020

1,489,794

$

0.02

$

3.17

9.08

$

7,524

Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2020

1,489,794

$

0.01

$

3.17

9.08

7,524

Exercisable as of December 31, 2020

425,460

$

0.01

$

1.87

8.32

$

1,583

Summary of fair values of the options granted

Years ended December 31, 

2019

2020

US$

US$

Weighted average grant date fair value of option per share

    

3.21

    

Aggregate grant date fair value of options

 

7,794,799

 

Schedule of total share-based compensation expense of share-based awards granted to employees and directors

Years ended December 31, 

2018

2019

2020

Selling and marketing

    

658

    

648

Research and development

 

206

 

162

General and administrative

 

11,436

2,949

 

2,552

Total share-based compensation expense

 

11,436

3,813

 

3,362

Kaixin Auto 2019 Plan | Restricted Stock  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of stock option activity

    

    

Weighted average fair value

Number of nonvested

per ordinary share

restricted shares

at the grant dates

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019

 

1,446,111

 

3.36

Forfeited

 

(13,232)

 

3.94

Granted

 

200,000

 

4.73

Vested

 

(474,889)

 

Unvested as of December 31, 2020

 

1,157,990

 

3.36

Renren Plan  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of stock option activity

    

    

Weighted

    

Weighted

average

average

Number of

exercise

grant date

Shares

price

fair value

Balance, January 1, 2018

 

141,481,616

$

0.48

$

0.64

Granted

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(2,268,420)

$

0.06

$

0.66

Forfeited

 

(119,095)

$

0.16

$

0.15

Balance, December 31, 2018

 

139,094,101

$

0.06

$

0.64

Exercisable, December 31, 2018

 

117,561,450

$

0.06

 

Expected to vest, December 31, 2018

 

21,532,651

$

0.06

 

Summary of the nonvested restricted shares activity

    

    

Weighted

Weighted

average fair

number of

value

nonvested

per ordinary

restricted

share at the

shares

grant dates

Outstanding as of December 31, 2017

 

10,802,683

$

0.95

Granted

 

88,935,342

$

0.14

Vested

 

(8,404,575)

$

0.47

Forfeited

 

(17,561,071)

$

0.18

Outstanding as of December 31, 2018

 

73,772,379

$

0.21

Summary of information with respect to share options outstanding by exercise price

    

Options outstanding

    

Options exercisable

Weighted

Weighted

 

average

Weighted

Weighted

average

Weighted

 

Weighted

remaining

average

average

remaining

average

 

average

Number

contractual

exercise

intrinsic

Number of

contractual

exercise

 

intrinsic

Range of exercise prices

    

outstanding

    

life

    

price

value

    

exercisable

    

life

    

price

 

value

$

0.01 ~ $0.18

 

139,094,101

 

5.40

$

0.06

$

5,754

 

117,561,450

 

5.11

$

0.06

$

4,863

 

139,094,101

 

$

5,754

117,561,450

$

4,863