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Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies And Going Concern | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies And Going Concern |  |
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies And Going Concern | 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies And Going Concern Description of Business — T Stamp Inc. was incorporated on April 11, 2016 in the State of Delaware. T Stamp Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Trust Stamp”, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company”) develops and markets identity authentication software solutions for enterprise and government partners and peer-to-peer markets. Trust Stamp develops proprietary artificial intelligence-powered solutions, researching and leveraging biometric science, cryptography, and data mining, to deliver insightful identity and trust predictions that identify and defend against fraudulent identity attacks, protect sensitive user information, and extend the reach of digital services through global accessibility. We utilize the power and agility of technologies such as GPU processing, edge-computing, and neural networks to process and protect data faster and more effectively than has ever previously been possible in order to deliver results at a disruptively low cost for usage across multiple industries, including:
| ● | Banking/FinTech
| ● | KYC/AML Compliance
| ● | Humanitarian and Development Services
| ● | Government and Law Enforcement, including Alternative to Detention programs
| ● | Cryptocurrency and Digital Assets
| ● | Biometrically Secured Email and Digital Communications
| ● | P2P Transactions, Social Media, and Sharing Economy
| ● | Real Estate, Travel, and Healthcare
Reverse Split — On February 15, 2023 our Board of Directors approved and, as of February 20, 2023, the holders of a majority of our voting capital stock approved an amendment (the “Certificate of Amendment”) to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect a reverse split of our issued and outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock at a ratio of one share for every five shares currently held, rounded up to the nearest whole share – whereby every five (5) outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock will be combined and become one (1) share of Class A Common Stock, rounding up to the nearest whole number of shares (the “Reverse Split”). All share and per share amounts in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the Reverse Split. The Reverse Split was effective for trading on the market opening of Nasdaq on March 23, 2023. We are seeking ratification of the Reverse Split because, although we filed an Information Statement on Schedule 14C with the SEC on March 3, 2023 and provided such information statement to stockholders, we did not file a proxy statement on Schedule 14A to solicit stockholder approval. On May 13 2023, we received sufficient stockholder votes to ratify the Reverse Split. Going Concern — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company is a business that has not yet generated profits, with a loss in the three months ended March 31, 2023 of $2.55 million, negative operating cash outflows of $155 thousand for the same period, negative working capital of $4.09 million and an accumulated deficit of $41.85 million as of March 31, 2023. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in the next twelve months following the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were available to be issued is dependent upon its ability to produce revenues and/or obtain financing sufficient to meet current and future obligations and deploy such to produce profitable operating results. Management has evaluated these conditions and plans to generate revenue and raise capital as needed to satisfy the Company’s capital needs. While the negotiation of significant additional revenue is well advanced, it has not reached a stage that allows it to be factored into a going concern evaluation. In addition, although the Company has previously been successful in raising capital as needed and has already made plans to do so as well as restructuring expenses to meet the Company’s cash needs, no assurance can be given that the Company will be successful in its capital raising efforts. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period. On April 14, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with an institutional investor, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the investor (i) in a registered direct offering, 563,380 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share of the Company at a price of $3.30 per share, and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 1,009,950 shares of Class A Common Stock, at a price of $3.299 per pre-funded warrant, at an exercise price of $0.001 per share of Class A Common Stock, and (ii) in a concurrent private placement, common stock purchase warrants, exercisable for an aggregate of up to 1,573,330 shares of Class A Common Stock, at an exercise price of $3.30 per share. On April 18, 2023, the Company sold 563,380 shares of Class A Common Stock to the institutional investor for total proceeds of $3.30 for $1,859,154. Additionally, on same date, the institutional investor purchased and exercised the 1,009,950 pre-funded warrants, for total proceeds to the Company of $3,332,835, resulting in an aggregate issuance by the Company of 1,573,330 shares of Class A Common Stock for net proceeds of $4.78 million from the registered direct offering after deducting placement fee and legal expense of $363 thousand and $50 thousand, respectively. Maxim Group LLC is the sole placement agent for the registered direct offering on Form S-3, which was initially declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on April 12, 2023. Basis of Presentation — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis which assumes that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Unaudited Interim Results — These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, pursuant to the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. In management’s opinion, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and reflect all the adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2023, the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Certain information and note disclosures have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any other future interim or annual period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2022 included in the Company’s Annual Report. The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to those audited financial statements. Basis of Consolidation — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the activity of the Company and its subsidiaries, Trusted Mail Inc. (“Trusted Mail”), Sunflower AI Technologies (“SAIT”), Finnovation LLC (“Finnovation”), Trust Stamp Malta Limited (“Trust Stamp Malta”), AIID Payments Limited, Biometric Innovations Limited (“Biometrics”), Trust Stamp Rwanda Limited, Metapresence Limited, and Trust Stamp Denmark ApS. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. On February 28, 2023, the Company received the Certificate of Termination from the State of Georgia, which represents the completion of administratively dissolving T Avatar LLC. As there were no operations established under the entity, there is a limited impact to Trust Stamp. The dissolution of T Avatar LLC was effective February 28, 2023. Further, we continue to consolidate Tstamp Incentive Holdings (“TSIH”) which we consider to be a variable interest entity. Variable Interest Entity — On April 9, 2019, management created a new entity, TSIH. Furthermore, on April 25, 2019, the Company issued 320,513 shares of Class A Common Stock to TSIH, for the purpose of providing a pool of shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company that the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) could use for employee stock awards and were recorded initially as treasury stock. Since establishing TSIH, 264,000 shares were transferred to various employees as a stock award that were earned and outstanding. On February 15, 2023 Trust Stamp issued 206,033 shares of Class A Common Stock to TSIH to be used to satisfy vested employee stock awards. The Company does not own any of the shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company held by TSIH. The Company considers this entity to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”) because it is thinly capitalized and holds no cash. Because the Company does not own shares in TSIH, management believes that this gives the Company a variable interest. Further, management of the Company also acts as management of TSIH and is the decision-maker as management grants shares held by TSIH to employees of the Company. As this VIE owns only shares in the Company and no other liabilities or assets, the Company is the primary beneficiary of TSIH and will consolidate the VIE. Use of Estimates — The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates their estimates that include, but are not limited to, percentage of completion related to revenue contracts that are not fully complete at the end of a fiscal quarter, capitalization and estimated useful life of internal-use software, the allowance for doubtful accounts, the fair value of financial assets and liabilities, the recoverability of goodwill, stock-based compensation including the determination of the fair value of our common stock, impairment of long-lived assets, the valuation of deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions, and warrant liabilities. We base our estimates on assumptions, both historical and forward-looking trends, and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Segment Information — The Company has a single operating and reportable segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance, and allocating resources. Risks and Uncertainties — The Company is dependent upon additional capital resources for its planned full-scale operations, and is subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including failing to secure funding to continue to operationalize the Company’s plans or failing to profitably operate the business. Major Customers and Concentration of Risks — Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. We maintain our cash and cash equivalents with high-quality financial institutions, mainly in the United States; the composition of which are regularly monitored by us. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation covers $250 thousand for substantially all depository accounts. The Company from time to time may have amounts on deposit in excess of the insured limits. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $284 thousand and $71 thousand in U.S. bank accounts, respectively, which exceeded these insured amounts. Management believes minimal credit risk exists with respect to these financial institutions and the Company has not experienced any losses on such amounts. For accounts receivable, we are exposed to credit risk in the event of nonpayment by customers to the extent the amounts are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. We extend different levels of credit and maintain reserves for potential credit losses based upon the expected collectability of accounts receivable. We manage credit risk related to our customers by performing periodic evaluations of credit worthiness and applying other credit risk monitoring procedures. Three customers represented 93.21% or 62.04%, 15.94%, and 15.23% of the balance of total accounts receivable as of March 31, 2023 and three customers represented 95.37% or 36.90%, 32.69%, and 25.78% of the balance of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022. The Company seeks to mitigate its credit risk with respect to accounts receivable by contracting with large commercial customers and government agencies, and regularly monitoring the aging of accounts receivable balances. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had not experienced any significant losses on its accounts receivable. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company sold to primarily three customers which made up approximately 78.77% of total Net revenue, and consisted of 40.14%, 25.08%, and 13.55% from an S&P 500 Bank, Mastercard, and FIS, respectively. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company sold to primarily one customer, ICE, which made up approximately 79.42% of total Net revenue. Foreign Currencies — The functional currencies of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are the local currencies. For those subsidiaries, the assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate method at the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet date. The Company’s other comprehensive (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments related to the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income or other expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Cash and Cash Equivalents — Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks and bank deposits. The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased as cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts — Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, if any. Allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in its accounts receivable portfolio and is determined based on expectations of the customer’s ability to pay by considering factors such as historical experience, financial position of the customer, age of the accounts receivable, current economic conditions, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and as well as reasonable and supportable forward-looking factors about its portfolio and future economic conditions. Accounts receivables are written-off and charged against an allowance for doubtful accounts when the Company has exhausted collection efforts without success. No allowance for bad debts has been established. Bad debts are recognized when they are deemed uncollectible, and management considers all present receivables fully collectible. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accounts receivable includes unbilled receivables of $90 thousand and $109 thousand, respectively. Property and Equipment, Net — Property and equipment, net is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the useful lives of the assets are expensed when incurred, whereas additions and major improvements are capitalized. Upon sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are derecognized from the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet and any resulting gain or loss is recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations in the period realized. Capitalized Internal-Use Software, Net — Costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet our internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development are capitalized. The Company capitalizes eligible costs to develop internal-use software that are incurred subsequent to the preliminary project stage through the development stage. These costs consist of personnel costs (including related benefits and stock-based compensation) that are incurred during the application development stage. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage and during the post-implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The estimated useful life of costs capitalized is evaluated for each specific project that is generally five years. Actual economic lives may differ from estimated useful lives. Periodic reviews could result in a change in estimated useful lives and therefore changes in amortization expense in future periods. Accounting for Impairment of Long-Lived Assets — Long-lived assets with finite lives include property and equipment, capitalized internal-use software, right of use assets, and intangible assets subject to amortization. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets held and used is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or an asset group to estimated undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds these estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the asset or asset group. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. The Company determined that as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, no long-lived assets with finite lives were impaired. Goodwill — Goodwill is accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other. The Company allocates the cost of an acquired business to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at least quarterly or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. In assessing goodwill for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the qualitative assessment, the Company considers factors including economic conditions, industry and market conditions and developments, overall financial performance and other relevant entity-specific events in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount. Should the Company conclude that it is more likely than not that the recorded goodwill amounts have been impaired, the Company would perform the impairment test. Goodwill impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. Significant judgment is applied when goodwill is assessed for impairment. There were no impairment charges to goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and year ended December 31, 2022. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities — The Company follows the relevant U.S. GAAP guidance regarding the determination and measurement of the fair value of assets/liabilities; in which fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction valuation hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value. The guidance describes the following three levels of inputs that may be used in the methodology to measure fair value: Level 1 – Quoted prices available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date; Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date; and Level 3 – Unobservable inputs, which are to be used in situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability and wherein the reporting entity makes estimates and assumptions related to the pricing of the asset or liability including assumptions regarding risk. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The estimated fair values of cash, accounts receivable, related party receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, other assets, accounts payable, related party payables, accrued expenses, deferred revenue, customer deposit liabilities, and nonconvertible notes payable approximate their carrying values. The fair values of warrant liabilities issued in connection with equity or debt issuance are determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, a “Level 3” fair value measurement, based on the estimated fair value of the underlying common stock, volatility based on the historical volatility data of similar companies, considering the industry, products and market capitalization of such other entities, the expected life based on the remaining contractual term of the conversion option and warrant liabilities and the risk free interest rate based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury Securities with a maturity equivalent to the warrant liability’s contractual life. The Company accounts for its financial assets and liabilities at fair value regularly. The Company evaluates the fair value of its non-financial assets and liabilities on a nonrecurring basis. Revenue Recognition — The Company derives its revenue primarily from professional services. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company includes an estimate of the amount it expects to receive or the total transaction price if it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. The Company determines the amount of revenue to be recognized through the application of the following steps:
| ● | Identification of the contract, or contracts with a customer;
| ● | Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
| ● | Determination of the transaction price;
| ● | Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
| ● | Recognition of revenue when or as the Company satisfies the performance obligations.
At contract inception, the Company will assess the services agreed upon within each contract and assess whether each service is distinct and determine those that are performance obligations. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. In general, each contract with a customer consists of a single performance obligation to perform services in which revenue is recognized when the service has been delivered. Remaining Performance Obligations — The Company’s arrangements with its customers often have terms that span over multiple years. However, the Company generally allows its customers to terminate contracts for convenience prior to the end of the stated term with less than twelve months’ notice. Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents noncancelable contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue and, in certain instances, amounts that will be invoiced. The Company has elected the practical expedient allowing the Company to not disclose remaining performance obligations for contracts with original terms of twelve months or less. Cancelable contracted revenue, which includes customer deposit liabilities, is not considered a remaining performance obligation. As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any related performance obligations for contracts with terms exceeding twelve months. Disaggregation of Revenue ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the three months ended
​ | ​ | March 31,
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Professional services (over time) | ​ | $ | 383,633 | ​ | $ | 2,758,544
License fees (over time) | ​ | ​ | 75,000 | ​ | ​ | 62,500
Total Revenue | ​ | $ | 458,633 | ​ | $ | 2,821,044
​ Contract Balances — The timing of customer billing and payment relative to the start of the service period varies from contract to contract; however, the Company bills many of its customers in advance of the provision of services under its contracts, resulting in liabilities consisting of either deferred revenue (a “contract liability”) or customer deposit liabilities. Deferred revenue represents billings under noncancelable contracts before the related product or service is transferred to the customer. Such amounts are recognized by the Company over the life of the contract upon meeting the revenue recognition criteria, but generally within one year. Customer deposit liabilities consist of billings or payments received in advance of the start of the contractual term or for anticipated revenue-generating activities for the portion of a contract term that is subject to cancellation for convenience. Certain of the Company’s arrangements generally include terms that allow the customer to terminate the contract for convenience and receive a refund of the amount of the customer deposit for the percentage of the work not performed prior to the notice of termination. In these arrangements, the Company concluded there are no enforceable rights and obligations after such notice period and therefore, the consideration received or due from the customer that is subject to termination for convenience is recorded as customer deposit liabilities. The payment terms and conditions vary by contract; however, the Company’s terms generally require payment within 30 to 60 days from the invoice date. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of payment, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient in accordance with ASC 606 to not adjust contract consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when promised goods and services are transferred to the customer and when the customer pays for those goods and services will be one year or less. As such, the Company determined its contracts do not generally contain a significant financing component. Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts — Incremental costs of obtaining a contract include only those costs that are directly related to the acquisition of contracts, including sales commissions, and that would not have been incurred if the contract had not been obtained. In alignment with ASC 340, the Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if we expect to recover the costs. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient in accordance with ASC 340 which allows the Company to expense commissions as incurred when the contract term is twelve months or less in total. Costs to obtain contracts and costs to fulfill contracts were not material in the periods presented. Warrants — The Company accounts for stock warrants as either equity instruments, derivative liabilities, or liabilities in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. Cost of Services Provided — Cost of services generally consists of the cost of hosting fees, materials, and cost of labor associated with professional services rendered. Depreciation and amortization expense is not included in cost of services. Research and Development — Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of personnel costs such as salaries and benefits and relate primarily to time spent during the preliminary project stage, post implementation maintenance, bug fixes associated with capitalized internal-use software activities, and front-end application development in which technological feasibility has not been established. Depreciation and amortization expense is not included in research and development. Advertising — Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising and marketing expense totaled $52 thousand and $58 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Stock- Based Compensation — The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation arrangements at fair value. Fair value of each stock-based award is estimated on the date of grant using either the Black-Scholes-Merton Model for stock options granted or using the fair value of a common stock for stock grants and restricted stock units. The Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying common shares, the expected term of the share option, the expected volatility of the price of our common shares, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of common shares. The assumptions used to determine the fair value of the option awards represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. The calculated fair value is recognized as expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. Forfeitures are accounted for in the period in which they occur. Trust Stamp offers the indirect repurchase of shares through a net-settlement feature upon the vesting of RSU awards to satisfy minimum statutory tax-withholding requirements for the recipient. Income Taxes — The Company records income tax provisions for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations using the asset and liability method. Under this method, the Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for loss and tax credit carryforwards. The deferred assets and liabilities are measured using the statutorily enacted tax rates anticipated to be in effect when those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if, based upon the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits by multiple tax jurisdictions. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not the position will be sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. This evaluation is based on all available evidence and assumes that the tax authorities have full knowledge of all relevant information concerning the tax position. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company adjusts these reserves in accordance with the income tax guidance when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an estimate. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences may affect the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made and could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and operating results. The Company computes its tax provision for interim periods by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date pre-tax income from recurring operations and adjusting for discrete tax items arising in that quarter. There were no discrete items that impacted the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. The rate remained consistent over the period due to the full valuation allowance recorded in the period. The Company had an effective tax rate of 0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company has incurred U.S. operating losses and has minimal profits in foreign jurisdictions. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences are deductible. In making this determination, management considers all available positive and negative evidence affecting specific deferred tax assets, including the Company’s past and anticipated future performance, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities, the length of carry-back and carry-forward periods, and the implementation of tax planning strategies. The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. It is the Company’s policy to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company has not accrued any penalties related to uncertain tax positions due to offsetting tax attributes as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company files U.S. federal, state, and foreign income tax returns in jurisdictions with varying statutes of limitation. The only material jurisdiction where the Company is subject to potential examination by tax authorities is the U.S. (federal and state) for tax years 2016 through 2022. Leases — The Company determines if a contract is a lease or contains a lease at the inception of the contract in accordance with ASC 842. All leases are assessed for classification as an operating lease or a finance lease. The lease term begins on the commencement date, the date the Company takes possession of the property, and the commencement date is used to calculate straight-line expense for operating leases. The lease may include options to extend or terminate the lease. When it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised, the Company reassess our conclusions to account for the modified contract. Operating lease right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during a lease term and are included in non-current assets on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. Operating lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease liabilities are divided into two classifications on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as a current liability, short-term operating lease liabilities, and a non-current liability, long-term operating lease liabilities. The Company does not have any finance lease right-of-use assets or finance lease liabilities. The Company’s operating lease liabilities are recognized at the applicable lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments required to be paid over the lease term. The interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, therefore, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments to present value. The estimated incremental borrowing rate is derived from information available at the lease commencement date. The Company’s right-of-use assets are also recognized at the applicable lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset equals the carrying amount of the related operating lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments made prior to lease commencement and lease incentives provided by the lessor. Variable lease payments are expensed as incurred and do not factor into the measurement of the applicable right-of-use asset or operating lease liability. The term of our leases equals the non-cancellable period of the lease, including any rent-free periods provided by the lessor, and also include options to renew or extend the lease (including by not terminating the lease) that we are reasonably certain to exercise. We establish the term of each lease at lease commencement and reassess that term in subsequent periods if a triggering event occurs. Operating lease cost for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Some lease contracts include lease and non-lease components. Trust Stamp elected the practical expedient offered by ASC 842 to not separate the lease components from non-lease components. As a result, the Company accounts for leases as a single lease component. In addition, the Company elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities for leases term of twelve months or less. The short-term lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Commitments and Contingencies — Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, disputes, legal proceedings, fines and penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been or will be incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Recoveries of such legal costs from insurance policies are recorded as an offset to legal expenses in the period they are received. Treasury Stock — Repurchased treasury stock is recorded at cost. When treasury stock is resold at a price different than its historical acquisition cost, the difference is recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders — Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive Class A Common Stock equivalents for the period. For the purposes of this calculation, stock-based awards, warrants, and the conversion option of convertible notes are considered to be potential common shares outstanding. Since the Company incurred net losses for each of the periods presented, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share. The Company’s potential common shares outstanding were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted — In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions. The amendments in this ASU clarify that an entity should measure the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual sale restriction the same way it measures an identical equity security that is not subject to such a restriction. The FASB said the contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, should not affect its fair value. The ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact to its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements or related disclosures. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncement — In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 revises the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing of when such losses are recorded. In November 2019, FASB issued ASU 2019-10, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842).” This ASU defers the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for public companies that are considered smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2023, and the guidance did not have a material impact on its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements or related disclosures. | 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Going Concern Description of Business — T Stamp Inc. was incorporated on April 11, 2016 in the State of Delaware. T Stamp Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Trust Stamp”, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company”) develops and markets identity authentication software solutions for enterprise and government partners and peer-to-peer markets. Trust Stamp develops proprietary artificial intelligence-powered solutions, researching and leveraging biometric science, cryptography, and data mining, to deliver insightful identity and trust predictions that identify and defend against fraudulent identity attacks, protect sensitive user information, and extend the reach of digital services through global accessibility. We utilize the power and agility of technologies such as GPU processing, edge-computing, and neural networks to process and protect data faster and more effectively than has ever previously been possible, to deliver results at a disruptively low cost for usage across multiple industries, including:
| ● | Banking/FinTech
| ● | KYC/AML Compliance
| ● | Humanitarian and Development Services
| ● | Government and Law Enforcement, including Alternative to Detention programs
| ● | Cryptocurrency and Digital Assets
| ● | Biometrically Secured Email and Digital Communications
| ● | P2P Transactions, Social Media, and Sharing Economy
| ● | Real Estate, Travel and Healthcare
Reverse Split — On February 15, 2023 our Board of Directors approved and, as of February 20, 2023, the holders of a majority of our voting capital stock approved an amendment (the “Certificate of Amendment”) to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect a reverse split of our issued and outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock at a ratio of one share for every five shares currently held, rounded up to the nearest whole share – whereby every (5) outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock will be combined and become one (1) share of Class A Common Stock, rounding up to the nearest whole number of shares (the “Reverse Split”). All share and per share amount in these consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock split. The stock split was effective for trading on the market opening of both Nasdaq on March 23, 2023. Regulation D Common Stock Offering — On March 12, 2021, the Company launched a Regulation D offering of its Class A Common Stock to accredited investors for $5.00 million or 326,797 shares. The raise was marketed to the Company’s existing investor email list as well as new investors with an initial minimum investment of $25 thousand and a share price of $15.30 per share. The initial tranche of the round closed on April 5, 2021, with $3.92 million of reserved investment with the contracted sale of 255,965 shares of Class A Common Stock. After the initial phase, on April 6, 2021, the Company then offered up to $700 thousand or 36,458 additional shares, again only to accredited investors, with a $5 thousand minimum investment and a share price of $19.20 per share. The second tranche of the round closed on June 4, 2021, with $82 thousand of reserved investment with the contracted sale of 4,280 shares of Class A Common Stock. The Company incurred offering costs of $62 thousand from this offering that were recorded as a reduction of the gross proceeds. Regulation CF, D, and S Common Stock and Warrant Offering — On August 25, 2021, the Company launched concurrent offerings under Regulation Crowdfunding (“Regulation CF”), Regulation D and Regulation S. The Company initially sought to raise up to $5.00 million in the aggregate between the three offerings through the sale of units but had the discretion to accept up to $5.00 million in each offering. Each unit consists of 1 share of the Company’s Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 1 warrant to purchase 1 share of Class A Common Stock of the Company in a future registered or exempt offering of the Company (i.e. a Regulation CF, Regulation D, or Regulation S Warrant, as applicable). The minimum target amount under the Regulation CF offering was $100 thousand, which the Company achieved. On November 19, 2021, we closed the Regulation CF offering, having received binding commitments for 250,000 units at $20.00 per unit for a total of $5,000,000 In gross proceeds. We continued to hold closings on investments from investors who subscribed prior to November 19, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, the Company received $4,353,480 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 217,674 Regulation CF Units to investors. The Company received an additional $198,420 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 9,921 Regulation CF Units to investors during the year ended December 31, 2022. On August 25, 2022, we refunded $5,000 in Regulation CF Units to two investors. We raised a final total of $4,546,900 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 227,345 Regulation CF units to investors in this offering as of December 31, 2022. The Company incurred offering costs of $48 thousand from this offering that were recorded as a reduction of the gross proceeds. On January 7, 2022, we closed the public portion of the Regulation D offering and conducted an additional close on February 2, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, the Company received $858,956 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 42,948 Regulation D Units to investors. The Company received an additional $105,000 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 5,250 Regulation D Units to investors during the year ended December 31, 2022. We raised a final total of $963,956 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 48,198 Regulation D units to investors in this offering as of December 31, 2022. On January 7, 2022, we closed the Regulation S offering. We raised a final total of $224,416 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 11,221 Regulation S units to investors in this offering. As of December 31, 2021, the Company received $219,416 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 10,971 Regulation S Units to investors. The Company received an additional $5,000 in gross proceeds from the issuance of 250 Regulation D Units to investors during the year ended December 31, 2022. Going Concern — The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company is a business that has not yet generated profits, with a loss in the year ended December 31, 2022, of $12.09 million, negative operating cash outflows of $6.34 million for the same period, and an accumulated deficit of $39.30 million as of December 31, 2022. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in the next twelve months following the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued is dependent upon its ability to produce revenues and/or obtain financing sufficient to meet current and future obligations and deploy such to produce profitable operating results. Management has evaluated these conditions and plans to generate revenue and raise capital as needed to satisfy its capital needs. While the negotiation of significant additional revenue is well advanced, it has not reached a stage that allows it to be factored into a going concern evaluation. In addition, although the Company has previously been successful in raising capital as needed and has already made plans to do so as well as restructuring expenses to meet the Company’s cash needs, no assurance can be given that the Company will be successful in its capital raising efforts. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period. Basis of Presentation — The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a basis which assumes that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Basis of Consolidation and Presentation — The accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the activity of the Company and its subsidiaries, Trusted Mail Inc. (“Trusted Mail”), Sunflower Artificial Intelligence Technologies (“SAIT”), Finnovation LLC (“Finnovation”), Trust Stamp Malta Limited (“Trust Stamp Malta”), AIID Payments Limited, Biometric Innovations Limited (“Biometrics”), Trust Stamp Rwanda Limited, Metapresence Limited, and Trust Stamp Denmark ApS. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Trust Stamp Cayman was established with the intention of taking advantage of enterprise grants which were offered by the Cayman National Government’s Enterprise Zone. No operations were established. On October 5, 2022, the Company received the Certificate of Strike Off from the Cayman Registrar of Companies, which represents the completion of administratively dissolving Trust Stamp Cayman. The dissolution was effective December 30, 2022. Further, we continue to consolidate TStamp Incentive Holdings “TSIH” which we consider to be a variable interest entity. Variable Interest Entity — On April 9, 2019, management created a new entity, TSIH. Furthermore, on April 25, 2019, the Company issued 320,513 shares of Class A Shares of Common Stock to TSIH that the Board can use for employee stock awards in the future and was recorded initially as treasury stock. On January 8, 2021, 206,667 shares were transferred to various employees as a stock award that was earned and outstanding on December 8, 2020, upon the Company being listed on a public market. The remaining 56,513 shares are earmarked for future employee RSU bonuses and recorded to treasury stock as of December 31, 2022. The Company does not own any of the stock in TSIH; however, it is held by members of the Company’s management. The Company considers this entity to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”) because it is thinly capitalized and holds no cash. Because the Company does not own shares in TSIH, management believes that this gives the Company a variable interest. Further, management of the Company also acts as management of TSIH and is the decision-maker as management grants shares held by TSIH to employees of the Company. As this VIE owns only shares in the Company and no other liabilities or assets, the Company is the primary beneficiary of TSIH and will consolidate the VIE. Use of Estimates — The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates that include, but are not limited to, percentage of completion related to revenue contracts that are not fully complete at the end of a fiscal quarter, capitalization and estimated useful life of internal-use software, the allowance for doubtful accounts, the fair value of financial assets and liabilities, the recoverability of goodwill, stock-based compensation including the determination of the fair value of our common stock, impairment of long-lived assets, the valuation of deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions, and warrant liabilities. We base our estimates on assumptions, both historical and forward-looking trends, and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Impacts of COVID-19 — The World Health Organization declared in March 2020 that the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) constituted a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused general business disruption worldwide, beginning in January 2020. The Company assessed the impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on its various accounting estimates and significant judgments, including those that require consideration of forecasted financial information in the context of the unknown future impacts of COVID-19, using information that is reasonably available at this time. The accounting estimates and other matters assessed included but were not limited to, capitalized internal-use software, the recoverability of goodwill, long-lived assets and investments recorded at cost, useful lives associated with intangible assets and capitalized internal-use software, and the valuation and assumptions underlying stock-based compensation and warrant liabilities. Based on the Company’s current assessment of these estimates, there was not a material impact to the consolidated financial statements as of and for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. Segment Information — The Company has a single operating and reportable segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance, and allocating resources. Risks and Uncertainties — The Company is dependent upon additional capital resources for its planned full-scale operations and is subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including failing to secure funding to continue to operationalize the Company’s plans or failing to profitably operate the business. Major Customers and Concentration of Risks — Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. We maintain our cash and cash equivalents with high-quality financial institutions mainly in the United States; the composition of which are regularly monitored by us. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation covers $250,000 for substantially all depository accounts. The Company from time to time may have amounts on deposit in excess of the insured limits. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $71 thousand and $2.25 million in U.S. bank accounts, respectively, which exceeded these insured amounts. Management believes minimal credit risk exists with respect to these financial institutions and the Company has not experienced any losses on such amounts. For accounts receivable, we are exposed to credit risk in the event of nonpayment by customers to the extent the amounts are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. We extend different levels of credit and maintain reserves for potential credit losses based upon the expected collectability of accounts receivable. We manage credit risk related to our customers by performing periodic evaluations of credit worthiness and applying other credit risk monitoring procedures. Three customers represented 96% or 37%, 33%, and 26% of the balance of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022 three customers represented 92% or 51%, 31%, and 10% of the balance of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2021. The Company seeks to mitigate its credit risk with respect to accounts receivable by contracting with large commercial customers and government agencies and regularly monitoring the aging of accounts receivable balances. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had not experienced any significant losses on its accounts receivable. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company sold to primarily three customers which made up approximately 93.60% of total Net revenue, and consisted of 61.01%, 18.36%, and 14.23% from ICE, an S&P 500 Bank, and Mastercard, respectively. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company sold to primarily three customers which made up approximately 91.97% of total Net revenue, and consisted of 45.69%, 29.25%, and 17.03% from ICE, an S&P 500 Bank, and Mastercard, respectively. The loss of, or substantial reduction, in statements of work from the Company’s major customers, could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. On August 17, 2022, Trust Stamp received notification from ICE that it was terminating the ICE Contract for convenience effective immediately. Foreign Currencies — The functional currencies of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are the local currencies. For those subsidiaries, the assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate method at the consolidated balance sheet date. The Company’s other comprehensive (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments related to the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income or other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Cash and Cash Equivalents — Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks and bank deposits. The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased as cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts — Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, if any. Allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in its accounts receivable portfolio and is determined based on expectations of the customer’s ability to pay by considering factors such as historical experience, financial position of the customer, age of the accounts receivable, current economic conditions, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and as well as reasonable and supportable forward-looking factors about its portfolio and future economic conditions. Accounts receivables are written-off and charged against an allowance for doubtful accounts when the Company has exhausted collection efforts without success. No allowance for bad debts has been established. Bad debts are recognized when they are deemed uncollectible, and management considers all present receivables fully collectible. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, accounts receivable includes unbilled receivables of $109 thousand, respectively. Property and Equipment, Net — Property and equipment, net is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the useful lives of the assets are expensed when incurred whereas additions and major improvements are capitalized. Upon sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet and any resulting gain or loss is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations in the period realized. Capitalized Internal-Use Software, Net — Costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet our internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development are capitalized. The Company capitalizes eligible costs to develop internal-use software that are incurred subsequent to the preliminary project stage through the development stage. These costs consist of personnel costs (including related benefits and stock-based compensation) that are incurred during the application development stage. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage and during the post-implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The estimated useful life of costs capitalized is evaluated for each specific project that is generally five years. Actual economic lives may differ from estimated useful lives. Periodic reviews could result in a change in estimated useful lives and therefore changes in amortization expense in future periods. Accounting for Impairment of Long-Lived Assets — Long-lived assets with finite lives include property and equipment, capitalized internal-use software, right of use assets and intangible assets subject to amortization. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets held and used is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or an asset group to estimated undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds these estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the asset or asset group. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. The Company determined that as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, no long-lived assets with finite lives were impaired. Goodwill — Goodwill is accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other. The Company allocates the cost of an acquired business to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at least quarterly or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. In assessing goodwill for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the qualitative assessment, the Company considers factors including economic conditions, industry and market conditions and developments, overall financial performance and other relevant entity-specific events in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount. Should the Company conclude that it is more likely than not that the recorded goodwill amounts have been impaired, the Company would perform the impairment test. Goodwill impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. Significant judgment is applied when goodwill is assessed for impairment. There were no impairment charges to goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2022, and 2021. Digital Asset — Digital assets are currently accounted for intangible assets with indefinite useful lives in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other. Initially, the Company accounts for digital assets by recording them at cost. Digits assets are not amortized but subsequently remeasured for any impairment losses that may have occurred since acquisition. On a quarterly basis, the Company determines the fair value of the digital asset in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted prices on the active exchange where the Company purchased the digital asset (Level 1 inputs). The Company performs an analysis each quarter to identify whether events or changes in circumstances, principally decreases in the quoted prices on active exchanges, indicate that it is more likely than not that the digital asset is impaired. Should the Company conclude that it is more likely than not that the recorded digital asset value is impaired, the Company will perform the impairment test. Digital asset impairment exists when the carrying value exceeds the digital asset’s fair value. Significant judgment is applied in assessing the digital asset for impairment, and subsequent reversal of impairment losses is not permitted. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded $28 thousand of impairment losses on such digital assets. The digital assets are immaterial as of December 31, 2022. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities — The Company follows the relevant U.S. GAAP guidance regarding the determination and measurement of the fair value of assets/liabilities; in which fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction valuation hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value. The guidance describes the following three levels of inputs that may be used in the methodology to measure fair value: Level 1 – Quoted prices available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date; Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date; and Level 3 – Unobservable inputs, which are to be used in situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability and wherein the reporting entity makes estimates and assumptions related to the pricing of the asset or liability including assumptions regarding risk. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The estimated fair values of cash, accounts receivable, related party receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, other assets, accounts payable, related party payables, accrued expenses, deferred revenue, customer deposit liabilities, and nonconvertible notes payable approximate their carrying values. The fair values of warrant liabilities issued in connection with equity or debt issuance are determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, a “Level 3” fair value measurement, based on the estimated fair value of the underlying common stock, volatility based on the historical volatility data of similar companies, considering the industry, products and market capitalization of such other entities, the expected life based on the remaining contractual term of the conversion option and warrant liabilities and the risk free interest rate based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury Securities with a maturity equivalent to the warrant liability’s contractual life. The Company accounts for its financial assets and liabilities at fair value regularly. The Company evaluates the fair value of its non-financial assets and liabilities on a nonrecurring basis. Revenue Recognition — The Company derives its revenue primarily from professional services. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company includes an estimate of the amount it expects to receive or the total transaction price if it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. The Company determines the amount of revenue to be recognized through the application of the following steps:
| ● | Identification of the contract, or contracts with a customer;
| ● | Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
| ● | Determination of the transaction price;
| ● | Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
| ● | Recognition of revenue when or as the Company satisfies the performance obligations.
At contract inception, the Company will assess the services agreed upon within each contract and assess whether each service is distinct and determine those that are performance obligations. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. In general, each contract with a customer consists of a single performance obligation to perform services in which revenue is recognized when the service has been delivered. Contract Balances — The timing of customer billing and payment relative to the start of the service period varies from contract to contract; however, the Company bills many of its customers in advance of the provision of services under its contracts, resulting in liabilities consisting of either deferred revenue (a “contract liability”) or customer deposit liabilities. Deferred revenue represents billings under noncancelable contracts before the related product or service is transferred to the customer. Such amounts are recognized by the Company over the life of the contract upon meeting the revenue recognition criteria, but generally within one year. Customer deposit liabilities consist of billings or payments received in advance of the start of the contractual term or for anticipated revenue-generating activities for the portion of a contract term that is subject to cancellation for convenience. Certain of the Company’s arrangements generally include terms that allow the customer to terminate the contract for convenience and receive a refund of the amount of the customer deposit for the percentage of the work not performed prior to the notice of termination. In these arrangements, the Company concluded there are no enforceable rights and obligations after such notice period and therefore, the consideration received or due from the customer that is subject to termination for convenience is recorded as customer deposit liabilities. The payment terms and conditions vary by contract; however, the Company’s terms generally require payment within 30 to 60 days from the invoice date. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of payment, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient in accordance with ASC 606 to not adjust contract consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when promised goods and services are transferred to the customer and when the customer pays for those goods and services will be one year or less. As such, the Company determined its contracts do not generally contain a significant financing component. Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts — Incremental costs of obtaining a contract include only those costs that are directly related to the acquisition of contracts, including sales commissions, and that would not have been incurred if the contract had not been obtained. The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if it is expected that the economic benefit and amortization period will be longer than one year. Costs to obtain contracts were not material in the periods presented. The Company recognizes an asset for the costs to fulfill a contract with a customer if the costs are specifically identifiable, generate or enhance resources used to satisfy future performance obligations, and are expected to be recovered. Costs to fulfill contracts were not material in the periods presented. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient in accordance with ASC 340 which allows the Company to expense commissions as incurred when the contract term is twelve months or less in total. Warrants — The Company accounts for stock warrants as either equity instruments, derivative liabilities, or liabilities in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. Cost of Services Provided — Cost of services generally consists of the cost of hosting fees, materials, and cost of labor associated with professional services rendered. Depreciation and amortization expense is not included in cost of services. Research and Development — Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of personnel costs such as salaries and benefits and relate primarily to time spent during the preliminary project stage and post implementation maintenance and bug fixes associated with capitalized internal-use software activities, and front-end application development in which technological feasibility has not been established. Depreciation and amortization expense is not included in research and development. Advertising — Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising and marketing expense totaled $217 thousand and $135 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Stock- Based Compensation — The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation arrangements at fair value. Fair value of each stock-based award is estimated on the date of grant using either the Black-Scholes-Merton Model for stock options granted or using the fair value of a common stock for stock grants and restricted stock units. The Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying common shares, the expected term of the share option, the expected volatility of the price of our common shares, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of common shares. The assumptions used to determine the fair value of the option awards represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. The calculated fair value is recognized as expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. Forfeitures are accounted for in the period in which they occur. Trust Stamp offers the indirect repurchase of shares through a net-settlement feature upon the vesting of RSU awards to satisfy minimum statutory tax-withholding requirements for the recipient. Income Taxes — The Company records income tax provisions for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations using the asset and liability method. Under this method, the Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for loss and tax credit carryforwards. The deferred assets and liabilities are measured using the statutorily enacted tax rates anticipated to be in effect when those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if, based upon the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits by multiple tax jurisdictions. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not the position will be sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. This evaluation is based on all available evidence and assumes that the tax authorities have full knowledge of all relevant information concerning the tax position. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company adjusts these reserves in accordance with the income tax guidance when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an estimate. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences may affect the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made and could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and operating results. We continue to record a full valuation allowance on all deferred tax assets given our continued history of operating losses and have an effective tax rate of 0% for both the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Management has evaluated all other tax positions that could have a significant effect on the consolidated financial statements and determined the Company had no uncertain income tax positions as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Leases — The Company determines if a contract is a lease or contains a lease at the inception of the contract in accordance with ASC 842. All leases are assessed for classification as an operating lease or a finance lease. The lease term begins on the commencement date, the date the Company takes possession of the property, and the commencement date is used to calculate straight-line expense for operating leases. The lease may include options to extend or terminate the lease. When it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised, the Company reassess our conclusions to account for the modified contract. Operating lease right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during a lease term and are included in non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheet. Operating lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease liabilities are divided into two classifications on our consolidated balance sheet as a current liability, short-term operating lease liabilities, and a non-current liability, long-term operating lease liabilities. The Company does not have any finance lease right-of-use assets or finance lease liabilities. The Company’s operating lease liabilities are recognized at the applicable lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments required to be paid over the lease term. The interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, therefore, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments to present value. The estimated incremental borrowing rate is derived from information available at the lease commencement date. The Company’s right-of-use assets are also recognized at the applicable lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset equals the carrying amount of the related operating lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments made prior to lease commencement and lease incentives provided by the lessor. Variable lease payments are expensed as incurred and do not factor into the measurement of the applicable right-of-use asset or operating lease liability. The term of our leases equals the non-cancellable period of the lease, including any rent-free periods provided by the lessor, and also include options to renew or extend the lease (including by not terminating the lease) that we are reasonably certain to exercise. We establish the term of each lease at lease commencement and reassess that term in subsequent periods if a triggering event occurs. Operating lease cost for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Some lease contracts include lease and non-lease components. Trust Stamp elected the practical expedient offered by ASC 842 to not separate the lease components from non-lease components. As a result, the Company accounts for leases as a single lease component. In addition, the Company elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities for leases term of twelve months or less. The short-term lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Commitments and Contingencies - Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, disputes, legal proceedings, fines and penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been or will be incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Recoveries of such legal costs from insurance policies are recorded as an offset to legal expenses in the period they are received. Treasury Stock - Repurchased treasury stock is recorded at cost. When treasury stock is resold at a price different than its historical acquisition cost, the difference is recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets. Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders — Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive Class A Shares of Common Stock equivalents for the period. For purposes of this calculation, stock-based awards, warrants, and the conversion option of convertible notes are considered to be potential common shares outstanding. Since the Company incurred net losses for each of the periods presented, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share. The Company’s potential common shares outstanding were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted — In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions. The amendments in this ASU clarify that an entity should measure the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual sale restriction the same way it measures an identical equity security that is not subject to such a restriction. The FASB said the contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, should not affect its fair value. The ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact to its consolidated financial statements or related disclosures. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncement — In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 842”). The standard requires all leases with lease terms over twelve months to be capitalized as a right-of-use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet at the date of lease commencement. Leases will be classified as either financial or operating. This distinction will be relevant for the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2022 using the optional modified retrospective transition method. As a result, we will not adjust the comparative period financial statements for the effects of the new standard or make the new, expanded required disclosures for periods prior to the adoption date. Accordingly, the results for the year ended December 31, 2021 continue to be reported under the accounting guidance, ASC Topic 840, Leases (“ASC 840”), in effect for that period. The Company elected to use the package of practical expedients to not reassess: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (ii) lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company also elected the practical expedient not to separate the non-lease components of a contract from the lease component to which they relate. In addition, the Company made an accounting policy election that will keep leases with an initial term of twelve months or less off the consolidated balance sheet. The adoption of ASC 842 had a material impact on the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2022, and resulted in the recognition of $302 thousand of operating lease liabilities and $323 thousand of right-of-use (“ROU”) assets for those leases classified as operating leases. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss) or consolidated statements of cash flows. See Note 14 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details. In March 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-03, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Accounting Alternative for Evaluating Triggering Events, an amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments in this ASU allow companies to elect not to monitor for goodwill impairment triggering events during the reporting period and instead, to evaluate the facts and circumstances as of the end of the reporting period to determine whether it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. This aligns the triggering event evaluation date with the reporting date, whether that date is an interim or annual reporting date. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for both interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance as of March 30, 2021. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2022, and the guidance did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or related disclosures. In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations: Accounting for Contract Asset and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. This ASU requires an entity to recognize and measure contract assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This ASU is expected to reduce diversity in practice and increase comparability for both the recognition and measurement of acquired revenue contracts with customers at the date of and after a business combination. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods therein, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2022, and the guidance did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or related disclosures.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure, and significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. May be provided in more than one note to the financial statements, as long as users are provided with an understanding of (1) the significant judgments and assumptions made by an enterprise in determining whether it must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about its involvement with a VIE, (2) the nature of restrictions on a consolidated VIE's assets reported by an enterprise in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets, (3) the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprise's involvement with the VIE, and (4) how an enterprise's involvement with the VIE affects the enterprise's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Describes procedure if disclosures are provided in more than one note to the financial statements. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 205 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122149 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2197479 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 + Details
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