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ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES | 12 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2024
ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES |
ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES | 1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES Origin Agritech Limited (“Agritech”), incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, and its subsidiaries and variable interest entities are referred to in this report as “we”, “us”, “our”, or “the Company”. We are principally engaged in hybrid crop seed development, production and distribution business. As of September 30, 2024, the Company’s subsidiaries and variable interest entities included in continuing operations consisted of the following: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Date of |  | Place of |  | Percentage |  |
​ | ​ | Incorporation | ​ | Incorporation | ​ | of | ​ | Principal
Name | ​ | or Establishment | ​ | or Establishment | ​ | Ownership | ​ | Activity
Subsidiaries: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
State Harvest Holdings Limited(“State Harvest”) | ​ | October 6, 2004 |  | British Virgin Islands |  | 100 | % | Investment Holding
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
OAL SMY Limited | ​ | July 28, 2021 | ​ | USA | ​ | 100 | % | Investment Holding
​ | ​ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiary held by OAL SMY: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Beijing Aoyu Science Development Co. Ltd (“Beijing Aoyu”) | ​ | October 10, 2023 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 100 | % | Hybrid seed technology development
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Beijing Origin State Harvest Biotechnology Limited (“Origin Biotechnology”) | ​ | December 1, 2004 |  | People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) |  | 100 | % | Hybrid seed technology development
​ | ​ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Variable interest entities: | ​ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hainan Aoyu Biotechnology Limited(Hainan Aoyu) | ​ | March 2, 2022 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 100 | % | Hybrid crop seed development, production and distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Henan Baodao Origin Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd (“Baodao Origin”) | ​ | Nov 23, 2022 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 51 | % | Agricultural seed products distribution
​ | ​ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiaries held by Hainan Aoyu: | ​ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Xinjiang Originbo Seed Company Limited (note) (“Xinjiang Originbo”) | ​ | July 13, 2011 |  | PRC |  | 70.52 | % | Hybrid crop seed development, production and distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Beijing Origin Agriculture Limited (“Origin Agriculture”) | ​ | August 9, 2024 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 100 | % | Hybrid crop seed development, production and distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Subsidiary held by Baodao Origin: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Shihezi Baodao Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd | ​ | March 8, 2023 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 100 | % | Agricultural seed and feed products distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Subsidiaries held by Origin Biotechnology: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Shandong Aoruixinong Agricultural Technology Limited (Shandong Aoruixinong) | ​ | September 27, 2019 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 51 | % | Agricultural seed products distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Hubei Aoyu Zhongye Limited (Hubei Aoyu) | ​ | October 22, 2018 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 51 | % | Agricultural seed products distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Anhui Aoyu Zhongye Limited (Anhui Aoyu) | ​ | July 25, 2018 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 50 | % | Agricultural seed products distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Xuzhou Aoyu Zhongye Limited (Xuzhou Aoyu) | ​ | September 25, 2018 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 51 | % | Agricultural seed products distribution
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Henan Aoyu Zhongye Limited (note (i)) (“Henan Aoyu”) | ​ | July 16, 2018 | ​ | PRC | ​ | 51 | % | Agricultural seed products distribution
​ ​ Reorganization of State Harvest prior to the share exchange transaction with Chardan China Acquisition Corp. (“Chardan”) On December 1, 2004, State Harvest established Origin Biotechnology, a wholly-owned foreign enterprise (“WOFE”) under the laws of the PRC with an operating period of 20 years. Under PRC law, foreign entities are not currently permitted to own more than 49% of a seed production company. In order to address those restrictions, State Harvest conducts substantially all of its business through contractual agreements with its variable interest entity (“VIE”), Hainan Aoyu. These agreements are summarized in the following paragraphs. Stock Consignment Agreements Under Chinese law, foreign ownership of businesses engaged in the breeding of new varieties, development, production, marketing, distribution and sale of hybrid food crop seeds is limited to 49% pursuant to the Regulation on the Approval and Registration of Foreign Investment Enterprises in Agricultural Seed Industry and The Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue. State Harvest, as a non-Chinese corporation, may not directly own more than 49% of any of the PRC Operating Companies. However, Chinese law does not forbid the owner of stock to consign rights associated with the stock, as long as the owner does not transfer title to the stock. To gain control over the PRC Operating Companies, State Harvest entered into a series of stock consignment agreements with shareholders of those companies. State Harvest has been assigned 100% voting rights by the shareholders of Hainan Aoyu through a consignment agreement which includes the following terms: (1) The shares of Hainan Aoyu cannot be transferred without the approval of State Harvest; (2) State Harvest has the right to appoint all directors and senior management personnel of Hainan Aoyu and (3) The shareholder rights including voting rights require the transfer of the shares of Hainan Aoyu to State Harvest or any party designated by State Harvest within three years upon the removal of the PRC legal restriction. Risks in relation to the VIE structure Two of our PRC operating subsidiaries are controlled subsidiaries through stock consignment agreements rather than by direct ownership of shares, the terms of which may have to be enforced, which would require us to incur extra costs, create uncertainty as to ownership of the operating businesses involved and risk the possible loss of rights. There is the risk, however, that a consigning shareholder will not fulfill its obligations under the stock consignment agreement. In that event, we may need to resort to the PRC courts to have our rights under the applicable agreement enforced. Such enforcement will cause us to incur legal expenses. In addition, while a case is pending there will be uncertainty regarding our rights as to the three PRC operating subsidiaries involved. In addition, a PRC court may decide not to enforce the agreements in whole or in part. To the extent these agreements are neither observed nor enforced as intended, the PRC operating subsidiaries will not be controlled by us as intended, which will affect our enterprise value and restrict our ability to obtain the income and other rights of ownership associated with the consigned stock. It may also prevent the consolidation of our financial statements with the PRC operating subsidiaries, which would reduce the reported earnings of the consolidated companies. The uncertainty of ownership may also adversely affect the market value of our ordinary shares. Whether or not a stock consignment agreement is terminated depends on the consensus of our Board and the consignees. Any such termination could result in a possible loss of certain rights or assets held by us without receiving fair value in return. The stock consignment agreements relating to our control of the stock of our PRC operating subsidiaries may be terminated after three years upon mutual agreement between us and the consignees. Holding this amount of stock will allow these officers to control or greatly influence the selection of directors and matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, including voting to terminate the stock consignment agreements. There are corporate protections in place designed to protect our interests, such as an independent Board of Directors, an audit committee comprised of independent directors that must approve insider transactions, a code of conduct requiring fair dealing with the Company, and the British Virgin Islands statutory provision that a disposition of more than 50% of the assets of a company must be approved by a majority of the shareholders. Moreover, if consigned stock is transferred to us as provided in the stock consignment agreements when the restrictions under PRC law are lifted, that stock will no longer be subject to the stock consignment agreements, and the termination of the stock consignment agreements would then have no effect on the ownership of that stock. However, if the stock consignment agreements are terminated, then we would lose our rights with respect to the consigned stock and the profits from the issuing corporation. Such a loss would impair the value of the Company and would reduce our ability to generate revenues. The Company has aggregated the financial information of the VIEs in the table below. The aggregated carrying amount of assets and liabilities after elimination of intercompany transactions and balances consolidated in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2023 and 2024 are as follows: Risks in relation to the VIE structure ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30,
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2024
​ |  | RMB |  | RMB | ​ | US$
ASSETS | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Current Assets | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | 2,142 | ​ | 1,415 | ​ | 202
Accounts receivable, net | ​ | 189 | ​ | 1,280 | ​ | 183
Advances to suppliers |  | 64,502 |  | 52,714 | ​ | 7,523
Inventories |  | 2,511 |  | 1,343 | ​ | 192
Other current assets |  | 929 |  | 276 | ​ | 39
Total current assets |  | 70,273 |  | 57,028 | ​ | 8,139
Land use rights, net |  | — |  | 3,192 | ​ | 456
Plant and equipment, net |  | 18,771 |  | 28,279 | ​ | 4,036
Equity investments |  | 130,541 |  | 144,541 | ​ | 20,627
Other assets |  | 1,192 |  | — | ​ | —
Total assets |  | 220,777 |  | 233,040 | ​ | 33,258
LIABILITIES |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​
Current liabilities |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​
Short-term borrowings |  | — |  | 4,950 | ​ | 706
Current portion of long-term borrowings |  | — |  | — | ​ | —
Accounts payable |  | 318 |  | 6,595 | ​ | 941
Due to growers | ​ | 404 | ​ | — | ​ | —
Due to related parties |  | 6,205 |  | 9,894 | ​ | 1,412
Advances from customers | ​ | 76,936 | ​ | 46,758 | ​ | 6,673
Other payables and accrued expenses |  | 1,266 |  | 11,884 | ​ | 1,696
Total current liabilities |  | 85,129 |  | 80,081 | ​ | 11,428
Other long-term liability |  | 6,177 |  | 5,813 | ​ | 830
Total liabilities |  | 91,306 |  | 85,894 | ​ | 12,258
​ As of September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024, consolidated assets of RMB 53.7 million, RMB 220.8 million and RMB 233 million respectively, are collateral for the VIE’s obligations and may not be used to settle the liabilities of the Parent Company.

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