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Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
NOTE 3 -
SUMMARY OF SIGNFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Basis of presentation
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial information. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. As this is an interim period financial statement, certain adjustments are not necessary as with a financial period of a full year. Although management believes that the disclosures in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements that have been prepared in accordance U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Atrinsic, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, Protagenic Acquisition Corp, and Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc., which was merged with and into Protagenic Acquisition Corp, on February 12, 2016, as well as Protagenic Therapeutics’ wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary, PTI Canada. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, which contains the audited financial statements and notes thereto, for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 included within the Company’s Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on July 12, 2016. The interim results for the three months ended and six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ended December 31, 2016 or for any future interim periods.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates underlying the consolidated financial statements include the allocation of the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities associated with the Merger, assessment of intangible assets, including goodwill and income tax provisions and allowances. The Company also relies on estimates for the valuation of stock-based compensation expense and financial instruments.
 
 
Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets
 
 G
oodwill and indefinite-lived assets are not amortized, but are evaluated for impairment annually or when indicators of a potential impairment are present. Our impairment testing of goodwill is performed separately from our impairment testing of indefinite-lived intangibles. The annual evaluation for impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles is based on valuation models that incorporate assumptions and internal projections of expected future cash flows and operating plans.
 
On the date of the Merger, the Company recorded the fair value of shares given to Atrinsic stockholders as Goodwill, and subsequent to the merger the Company determined that goodwill was impaired and wrote it down to zero. Atrinsic’s assets and liabilities acquired in the Merger had nominal value.
 
The allocation of the consideration transferred is as follows:
 
Allocated to:
       
Atrinsic 25,867 shares Common stock
  $ 32,334  
Atrinsic Series A preferred stock as converted to Series B preferred
stock, 297,468 shares
    371,835  
Total value of shares issued to Atrinsic on Merger date
    404,169  
Goodwill
    404,169  
Net value of consideration
  $ 0  
 
 
Fair Value Measurements
 
Accounting Standards Codification 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure,” (“ASC 820”) defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, not adjusted for transaction costs. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels giving the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).
 
The three levels are described below:
 
 
Level 1 Inputs – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that is accessible by the Company;
 
 
Level 2 Inputs – Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly;
 
 
Level 3 Inputs – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability including significant assumptions of the Company and other market participants.
 
 
 
Cash equivalents consisting of money market funds are carried at cost which approximate fair value due to its short-term nature.
 
 
The assets or liability’s fair value measurement within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following table provides a summary of financial instruments that are measured at fair value as of June 30, 2016.
 
 
 
 
Carrying
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Value
 
 
Level 1
 
 
Level 2
 
 
Level 3
 
 
Total
 
                                         
Derivative warrant liabilities
  $ 515,819     $     $     $ 515,819     $ 515,819  
 
The table below provides a summary of the changes in fair value, including net transfers in and/or out, of all financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the six months ended June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
Fair Value
Measurement
Using Level 3
Inputs
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2015
  $  
Issuance of derivative warrants liabilities
    487,425  
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities
    28,394  
Balance, June 30, 2016
  $ 515,819  
 
The fair value of the derivative feature of the 127,346 and 295,945 warrants to the placement agent of the private offering and to Strategic Bio Partners for debt cancellation, respectively on the issuance dates and at the balance sheet date were calculated using a Black-Scholes option model valued with the following weighted average assumptions:
  
 
 
February
12
, 201
6
 
June 30
, 201
6
Risk free interest rate
  1.20 %   1.01 %
Dividend yield
  0.00 %   0.00 %
Expected volatility
  156 %   129 %
Contractual term (years)
 
5.0
   
4.5
 
 
Risk-free interest rate: The Company uses the risk-free interest rate of a U.S. Treasury Note with a similar term on the date of the grant.
 
Dividend yield: The Company uses a 0% expected dividend yield as the Company has not paid dividends to date and does not anticipate declaring dividends in the near future.
 
Volatility: The Company calculates the expected volatility of the stock price based on the corresponding volatility of the Company’s peer group stock price for a period consistent with the warrants’ expected term.
 
Remaining term: The Company’s remaining term is based on the remaining contractual maturity of the warrants. 
 
During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company marked the derivative feature of the warrants to fair value and recorded a loss of $28,394 relating to the change in fair value.
 
Impairment
 
The Company estimates the expected undiscounted future cash flows and operating plans and compares such amounts to the carrying amount of the goodwill to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the Company will adjust the carrying amount of the goodwill to the fair value. The factors used to determine fair value are subject to management’s judgement and expertise and include, but are not limited to, recent sales prices of comparable companies, the present value of future cash flows, anticipated capital expenditures and various discount rates commensurate with the risk and current market conditions associated with realizing the expected cash flows projected. These assumptions represent Level 3 inputs. Goodwill impairment for the six months ended June 30, 2016 was $404,169.
  
Derivative Liability
 
The Company evaluates its options, warrants or other contracts, if any, to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives to be separately accounted for in accordance with paragraph 815-10-05-4 and Section 815-40-25 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is marked-to-market each balance sheet date and recorded as either an asset or a liability. In the event that the fair value is recorded as a liability, the change in fair value is recorded in the consolidated statement of operations as other income or expense. Upon conversion, exercise or cancellation of a derivative instrument, the instrument is marked to fair value at the date of conversion, exercise or cancellation and then the related fair value is reclassified to equity.
 
The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period. Equity instruments that are initially classified as equity that become subject to reclassification are reclassified to liability at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date. Derivative instrument liabilities will be classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument is expected within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
  
The Company utilizes a Black-Scholes option pricing model to compute the fair value of the derivative and to mark to market the fair value of the derivative at each balance sheet date. The Company determined the fair value of the binomial lattice model and the Black-Scholes valuation model to be materially the same. The Company records the change in the fair value of the derivative as other income or expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
 
 
 
Revenue Recognition
 
The Company has not begun planned principal operations and has not generated any revenue since inception.
 
Stock-Based Compensation Expenses
 
The Company accounts for stock based compensation costs under the provisions of ASC No. 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense related to the fair value of stock based compensation awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Stock based compensation expense recognized includes the compensation cost for all stock based payments granted to employees, officers, directors, and consultants based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC No. 718. ASC No. 718 is also applied to awards modified, repurchased, or canceled during the periods reported.
 
Stock-Based Compensation for Non-Employees
 
The Company accounts for warrants and options issued to non-employees under ASC 505-50,
Equity – Equity
Based Payments to Non-Employees,
using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The value of such non-employee awards are periodically re-measured over the vesting terms and at each quarter end.
 
Basic and Diluted Net (Loss) per Common Share
 
Basic (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for each period. Diluted (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus the dilutive effect of shares issuable through the common stock equivalents. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, there were 6,418,887 and 4,801,112, respectively, potentially dilutive options and warrants not included in the calculation of weighted average shares of common stock outstanding since they would be anti-dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, there were 11,018,766 and 0, respectively, potentially dilutive convertible preferred shares not included in the calculation of weighted average shares of common stock outstanding since they would be anti- dilutive.
 
   
Potentially Outstanding
Dilutive Common Shares
 
                 
   
For the Six
Months Ended
June 30, 2016
   
For the Six
Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
                 
Conversion Feature Shares
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                 
Common shares issuable under the conversion feature of preferred shares
    11,018,766       0  
                 
Stock Option Shares
    2,592,229       1,647,745  
                 
Warrant Shares
    3,826,658       3,153,367  
                 
Total potentially outstanding dilutive common shares
    17,437,653       4,801,112  
 
 
Recent accounting pronouncements
 
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740). The amendments in ASU 2015-17 change the requirements for the classification of deferred taxes on the balance sheet. Currently, GAAP requires an entity to separate deferred income tax liabilities and assets into current and noncurrent amounts in a classified statement of financial position. To simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes, the amendments in this ASU require that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The pronouncement is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. Earlier application is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company has not yet selected a transition method nor has it determined the effect of the standard on its ongoing financial reporting.
 
On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, "Compensation - Stock Compensation" which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions for both public and nonpublic entities, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption will be permitted in any interim or annual period for which financial statements have not yet been issued or have not been made available for issuance. If early adoption is elected, all amendments in the ASU that apply must be adopted in the same period. In addition, if early adoption is elected in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the standard on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. The main provisions of ASU No. 2016-02 require management to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for all leases. ASU 2016-02 retains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases. The classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases in the previous leases guidance. The result of retaining a distinction between finance leases and operating leases is that under the lessee accounting model, the effect of leases in the statement of comprehensive income and the statement of cash flows is largely unchanged from previous GAAP. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this ASU on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
  
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements filed with this annual report.