<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-21-010166.txt : 20210430
<SEC-HEADER>0001493152-21-010166.hdr.sgml : 20210430
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210430151916
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-21-010166
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		4
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210426
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210430
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210430

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc.\new
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001022899
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-BUSINESS SERVICES, NEC [7389]
		IRS NUMBER:				061390025
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12555
		FILM NUMBER:		21877162

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		149 FIFTH AVENUE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 500
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10010
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(212) 994-8200

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		149 FIFTH AVENUE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 500
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10010

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Atrinsic, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20090630

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	NEW MOTION, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20070504

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MPLC, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20050608
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form8-k.htm
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>UNITED
STATES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><B>Washington,
D.C. 20549</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>FORM
8-K</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CURRENT
REPORT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Date
of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): <U>April 26, 2021</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>PROTAGENIC
THERAPEUTICS, INC.</B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Exact
name of Company as specified in its charter)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Delaware</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">000-51353</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">06-1390025</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(State
    or other jurisdiction<BR>
    of incorporation)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Commission<BR>
    File Number)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(I.R.S.
    Employer<BR>
    Identification No.)</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">149
    Fifth Avenue, Suite 500, New York, NY</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10010</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Address
    of principal executive offices)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Zip
    Code)</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 30%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">212-994-8200</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 30%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Company&rsquo;s
    telephone number, <BR>
    including area code)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Former
    name or former address, if changed since last report)</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Check
the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Company under any
of the following provisions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Written
    communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Soliciting
    material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement
    communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement
    communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 36%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title
    of each class</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ticker
    symbol(s)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name
    of each exchange on which registered</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    Stock, par value $0.0001 per share</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PTIX</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    NASDAQ Capital Market</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Warrants,
    each exercisable to purchase one share of Common Stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PTIXW</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    NASDAQ Capital Market</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Item
1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 26, 2021, Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) entered into an underwriting agreement (the &ldquo;Underwriting
Agreement&rdquo;) with Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc., as representative (the &ldquo;Representative&rdquo;)
of the several underwriters named therein (collectively, the &ldquo;Underwriters&rdquo;), pursuant to which the Company agreed
to issue and sell an aggregate of 3,180,000 shares (&ldquo;Firm Shares&rdquo;) of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value
$0.0001 per share (the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;), together with warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,180,000 shares of Common
Stock (the &ldquo;Firm Warrants&rdquo;), to the Underwriters (the &ldquo;Public Offering&rdquo;). Each Firm Share will be sold
together with one Firm Warrant and will be immediately separable upon issuance. The shares of Common Stock were sold to the public
at an offering price of $4.15 per share and were purchased by the Underwriters from the Company at a price of $3.818 per share.
The Company also granted the Underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 477,000 shares of Common Stock (the
&ldquo;Option Shares&rdquo;) and/or warrants to purchase an aggregate of 477,000 shares of Common Stock at the same price
(&ldquo;Option Warrants&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The shares were sold
in the Public Offering pursuant to the Company&rsquo;s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-253006) which was declared
effective on April 26, 2021 and a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-255525) pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, which was declared effective immediately upon filing in order to increase the size of the Public Offering
(together, the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
proceeds from the Offering were approximately $11.4 million (excluding any sale of the Option Shares), after deducting
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated Public Offering expenses payable by the Company. The purchase and sale of
the Firm Shares, Firm Warrants, Option Warrants, and the closing of the Public Offering, occurred on
April 29, 2021.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Underwriting Agreement contains representations,
warranties and covenants made by the Company that are customary for transactions of this type. Under the terms of the Underwriting
Agreement, the Company has agreed to indemnify the Underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Underwriting Agreement, each of the Company&rsquo;s officers
and directors and certain stockholders of the Company have entered into lock-up agreements with the Underwriters pursuant to which
each of them has agreed not to, for a period of 180 days from the effective date of the Registration Statement, offer, sell, transfer
or otherwise dispose of the Company&rsquo;s securities without the prior consent of the Representative, subject to limited exceptions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
copy of the Underwriting Agreement is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
The foregoing description of the Underwriting Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference
to such exhibit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;<B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Item
7.01. Regulation FD.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 26, 2021, the Company issued a press release announcing the pricing of the Public Offering. A copy of the press release is attached
hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 29, 2021, the Company issued a press release announcing the closing of the Public Offering. A copy of the press release is attached
hereto as Exhibit 99.2 and is incorporated herein by reference.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information in Item 7.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, including Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2, shall not be deemed to be filed
for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Act</B>&rdquo;), or otherwise subject to the
liability of that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the
Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Forward-Looking
Cautionary Statement: </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Form 8-K and other reports filed by the registrant from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (collectively, the &ldquo;Filings&rdquo;)
contain or may contain forward-looking statements and information that are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available
to, the registrant&rsquo;s management as well as estimates and assumptions made by the registrant&rsquo;s management. When used in the
Filings the words &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;future,&rdquo;
&ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan&rdquo; or the negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the registrant or the
registrant&rsquo;s management identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the registrant with respect
to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors relating to the registrant&rsquo;s industry,
the registrant&rsquo;s operations and results of operations and any businesses that may be acquired by the registrant. Should one or
more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ significantly
from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended or planned.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
the registrant believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the registrant cannot guarantee
future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws
of the United States, the registrant does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual
results.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Item
9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Exhibits</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap; width: 0.65in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit<BR>
    No.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 0.15in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Description</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="ex1-1.htm">Underwriting
    Agreement dated April 26, 2021, by and among the Company and Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc,as
    representative of the underwriters.</A></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="ex99-1.htm">Press
    Release, dated April 26, 2021</A></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="ex99-2.htm">Press
    Release, dated April 29, 2021</A></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SIGNATURES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Alexander Arrow</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
    April 30, 2021</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alexander
    K. Arrow</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Financial Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-1.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex1-1.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
1.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNDERWRITING
AGREEMENT </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>between</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PROTAGENIC
THERAPEUTICS, INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>and</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>KINGSWOOD
CAPITAL MARKETS, </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>division
of Benchmark Investments, Inc., </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>as
Representative of the Several Underwriters</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><U>UNDERWRITING
AGREEMENT</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, New York<BR>
April 26, 2021</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: small-caps">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: small-caps 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kingswood
Capital Markets</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">division
of Benchmark Investments, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">as&nbsp;Representative&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;several&nbsp;Underwriters&nbsp;named&nbsp;on&nbsp;Schedule
1 attached&nbsp;hereto<BR> 17 Battery Place, Suite 625</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, New York 10004</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ladies
and Gentlemen:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned, Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Delaware (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;),
hereby confirms its agreement (this &ldquo;<B>Agreement</B>&rdquo;) with Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments,
Inc. (hereinafter referred to as &ldquo;you&rdquo; (including its correlatives) or the &ldquo;<B>Representative</B>&rdquo;), and with
the other underwriters named on <U>Schedule 1</U> hereto for which the Representative is acting as representative (the Representative
and such other underwriters being collectively called the &ldquo;<B>Underwriters</B>&rdquo; or, individually, an &ldquo;<B>Underwriter</B>&rdquo;)
as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
<U>Purchase and Sale of Shares</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1
<U>Firm Securities</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1.1.
<U>Nature and Purchase of Firm Securities</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company
agrees to issue and sell to the several Underwriters, an aggregate of 3,180,000 shares (&ldquo;<B>Firm Shares</B>&rdquo;) of the Company&rsquo;s
common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the &ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo;), together with Warrants to purchase an aggregate of
3,180,000 shares of Common Stock, in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement (as hereinafter defined) (the &ldquo;<B>Firm
Warrants</B>&rdquo;, and collectively with the Common Stock, the &ldquo;<B>Firm Securities</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
Each Firm Share will be sold together with one Firm Warrant and will be immediately separable upon issuance. The Underwriters, severally
and not jointly, agree to purchase from the Company the number of Firm Shares and accompanying Firm Warrants set forth opposite their
respective names on <U>Schedule 1</U> attached hereto and made a part hereof at a purchase price of $3.818 per Firm Share and accompanying
Firm Warrant (92% of the public offering price for each Firm Share and accompanying Firm Warrant). The Firm Securities are to be offered
initially to the public at the offering price set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus (as defined in Section 2.1.1 hereof).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1.2.
<U>Firm Shares Payment and Delivery</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
Delivery and payment for the Firm Securities shall be made at 7:00 am, Eastern time, on the second (2<SUP>nd</SUP>) Business Day following
the effective date (the &ldquo;<B>Effective Date</B>&rdquo;) of the Registration Statement (as defined in Section 2.1.1 below) (or the
third (3<SUP>rd</SUP>) Business Day following the Effective Date if the Registration Statement is declared effective after 4:01 p.m.,
Eastern time) or at such earlier time as shall be agreed upon by the Representative and the Company, at the offices of The NBD Group,
Inc., 350 N. Glendale Ave SteB522, Glendale, California 91206 (&ldquo;<B>Representative Counsel</B>&rdquo;), or at such other place (or
remotely by facsimile or other electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Representative and the Company. The hour and date
of delivery and payment for the Firm Securities is called the &ldquo;<B>Closing Date</B>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
Payment for the Firm Securities shall be made on the Closing Date by wire transfer in Federal (same day) funds, payable to the order
of the Company upon delivery of the certificates (in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters) representing the Firm Securities
(or through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company (&ldquo;<B>DTC</B>&rdquo;)) for the account of the Underwriters. The Firm
Securities shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request in writing
at least two (2) full Business Days prior to the Closing Date. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or deliver the Firm Securities
except upon tender of payment by the Representative for all of the Firm Securities. The term &ldquo;<B>Business Day</B>&rdquo; means
any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law
to close in New York, New York.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.2
<U>Over-allotment Option</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.2.1.
<U>Option Securities</U>. For the purposes of covering any over-allotments in connection with the distribution and sale of the Firm Securities,
the Company hereby grants to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to 477,000 additional shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B>Option
Shares</B>&rdquo;) and Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 477,000 shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B>Option Warrants</B>&rdquo;,
and collectively with the Option Shares, the &ldquo;<B>Option Securities</B>&rdquo;) (in any combination of Option Shares and Option
Warrants in the Underwriters&rsquo; sole discretion), representing fifteen percent (15%) of the Firm Shares and Firm Warrants sold in
the offering, from the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Over-allotment Option</B>&rdquo;). The purchase price to be paid per Option Share and Option
Warrant shall be equal to the purchase price per Firm Share and Firm Warrant set forth in Section 1.1.1 hereof. The shares of Common
Stock into which the Warrants are exercisable are hereinafter referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Warrant Shares</B>.&rdquo; The Firm Securities
and the Option Securities are collectively referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Primary Securities</B>.&rdquo; The Primary Securities and Warrant
Shares are hereinafter collectively referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Public Securities</B>.&rdquo; The offering and sale of the Primary Securities
is herein referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Offering</B>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.2.2.
<U>Exercise of Option</U>. The Over-allotment Option granted pursuant to Section 1.2.1 hereof may be exercised by the Representative
as to all (at any time) or any part (from time to time) of the Option Securities within 45 days after the Effective Date. The Underwriters
shall not be under any obligation to purchase any Option Securities prior to the exercise of the Over-allotment Option. The Over-allotment
Option granted hereby may be exercised by the giving of oral notice to the Company from the Representative, which must be confirmed in
writing by overnight mail or facsimile or other electronic transmission setting forth the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants
to be purchased and the date and time for delivery of and payment for the Option Securities (the &ldquo;<B>Option Closing Date</B>&rdquo;),
which shall not be later than one (1) full Business Day after the date of the notice or such other time as shall be agreed upon by the
Company and the Representative, at the offices of Representative Counsel or at such other place (including remotely by facsimile or other
electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative. If such delivery and payment for the Option Securities
does not occur on the Closing Date, the Option Closing Date will be as set forth in the notice. Upon exercise of the Over-allotment Option
with respect to all or any portion of the Option Securities, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, (i) the Company shall
become obligated to sell to the Underwriters the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants specified in such notice and (ii) each
of the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, shall purchase that portion of the total number of Option Shares and Option Warrants
then being purchased as set forth on <U>Schedule 1</U> opposite the name of such.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.2.3.
<U>Payment and Delivery</U>. Payment for the Option Securities shall be made on the Option Closing Date by wire transfer in Federal (same
day) funds, payable to the order of the Company upon delivery to you of certificates (in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters)
representing the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants (or through the facilities of DTC) for the account of the Underwriters. The Option
Securities shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request in writing
at least one (1) full Business Day prior to the Option Closing Date. The Company shall not be obligated to sell or deliver the Option
Securities except upon tender of payment by the Representative for applicable Option Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.3
<U>Representative&rsquo;s Restricted Securities</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.3.1.
<U>Restricted Securities</U>. The Company hereby agrees to issue to the Representative (and/or its designees) 79,500 shares of Common
Stock on the Closing Date and 11,925 shares of Common Stock on the Option Closing Date if the Over-Allotment Option is exercised, in
the aggregate, representing 2.5% of the Securities (the &ldquo;<B>Representative Shares</B>&rdquo;). The Representative understands and
agrees that there are significant restrictions pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 against transferring the Representative Shares during the
three hundred sixty (360) day period after the Effective Date and by its acceptance thereof shall agree that it will not sell, transfer,
assign, pledge or hypothecate the Representative Shares, or any portion thereof, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative,
put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of such securities for a period of three hundred sixty
(360) days following the Effective Date to anyone other than (i) an Underwriter or a selected dealer in connection with the Offering,
or (ii) a bona fide officer or partner of the Representative or of any such Underwriter or selected dealer; and only if any such transferee
agrees to the foregoing lock-up restrictions. The Representative Shares shall contain legends to reflect the above FINRA and contractual
transfer restrictions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.3.2.
<U>Delivery</U>. Delivery of the Representative Shares shall be made on the Closing Date and/or Option Closing Date, as applicable, and
shall be issued in the name or names and in such authorized denominations as the Representative may request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
<U>Representations and Warranties of the Company</U>. The Company represents and warrants to the Underwriters as of the Applicable Time
(as defined below), as of the Closing Date and as of the Option Closing Date, if any, as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.1
<U>Filing of Registration Statement</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.1.1.
<U>Pursuant to the Securities Act</U>. The Company has filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B>Commission</B>&rdquo;)
a registration statement, and an amendment or amendments thereto, on Form S-1 (File No. 333-253006), including any related prospectus
or prospectuses, for the registration of the Public Securities and the Representative Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the &ldquo;<B>Securities Act</B>&rdquo;), which registration statement and amendment or amendments have been prepared by the Company
in all material respects in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission under
the Securities Act (the &ldquo;<B>Securities Act Regulations</B>&rdquo;) and will contain all material statements that are required to
be stated therein in accordance with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Except as the context may otherwise require,
such registration statement, as amended, on file with the Commission at the time the registration statement became effective (including
the Preliminary Prospectus included in the registration statement, financial statements, schedules, exhibits and all other documents
filed as a part thereof or incorporated therein and all information deemed to be a part thereof as of the Effective Date pursuant to
paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the Securities Act Regulations (the &ldquo;<B>Rule 430A Information</B>&rdquo;)), is referred to herein
as the &ldquo;<B>Registration Statement</B>.&rdquo; If the Company files any registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities
Act Regulations, then after such filing, the term &ldquo;<B>Registration Statement</B>&rdquo; shall include such registration statement
filed pursuant to Rule 462(b). The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission on the date hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
prospectus used prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and each prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information
that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, is herein called a &ldquo;<B>Preliminary
Prospectus</B>.&rdquo; The Preliminary Prospectus, subject to completion, dated April 26, 2021, that was included in the Registration
Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time is hereinafter called the &ldquo;<B>Pricing Prospectus</B>.&rdquo; The final prospectus
in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for use in the Offering is hereinafter called the &ldquo;<B>Prospectus</B>.&rdquo; Any
reference to the &ldquo;most recent Preliminary Prospectus&rdquo; shall be deemed to refer to the latest Preliminary Prospectus included
in the Registration Statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Applicable
Time</B>&rdquo; means 5:05 p.m., Eastern time, on the date of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus</B>&rdquo; means any &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act
Regulations (&ldquo;<B>Rule 433</B>&rdquo;), including without limitation any &ldquo;free writing prospectus&rdquo; (as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act Regulations) relating to the Public Securities that is (i) required to be filed with the Commission by the
Company, (ii) a &ldquo;road show that is a written communication&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i), whether or not required
to be filed with the Commission, or (iii) exempt from filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a
description of the Public Securities or of the Offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required
to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company&rsquo;s records pursuant to Rule
433(g).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Issuer
General Use Free Writing Prospectus</B>&rdquo; means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is intended for general distribution to
prospective investors (other than a &ldquo;<I>bona fide</I> electronic road show,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 433 (the &ldquo;<B>Bona Fide
Electronic Road Show</B>&rdquo;)), as evidenced by its being specified in <U>Schedule 2-B</U> hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Issuer
Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus</B>&rdquo; means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not an Issuer General Use Free Writing
Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Pricing
Disclosure Package</B>&rdquo; means any Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus issued at or prior to the Applicable Time, the Pricing
Prospectus and the information included on <U>Schedule 2-A</U> hereto, all considered together.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.1.2.
<U>Pursuant to the Exchange Act</U>. The Company has filed with the Commission a Form 8-A (File Number 001-12555) providing for the registration
of the Common Stock and the Warrants. The Common Stock and Warrants are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Act</B>&rdquo;). The registration of the shares of Common Stock and Warrants under the
Exchange Act have been declared effective by the Commission on or prior to the date hereof. The Company has taken no action designed
to, or reasonably likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the shares of Common Stock and the Warrants under the
Exchange Act, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.2
<U>Stock Exchange Listing</U>. The shares of Common Stock and Warrants have each been approved for listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market
(the &ldquo;<B>Exchange</B>&rdquo;), subject only to official notice of issuance, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or
reasonably likely to have the effect of, delisting the shares of Common Stock or Warrants from the Exchange, nor has the Company received
any notification that the Exchange is contemplating terminating such listing except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing
Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.3
<U>No Stop Orders, etc</U>. Neither the Commission nor, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any state regulatory authority has issued any
order preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or has instituted
or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened to institute, any proceedings with respect to such an order. The Company has complied
with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4
<U>Disclosures in Registration Statement</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4.1.
<U>Compliance with Securities Act and 10b-5 Representation</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied in all material
respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Each Preliminary Prospectus, including the prospectus
filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment or supplement thereto, and the Prospectus,
at the time each was filed with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the
Securities Act Regulations. Each Preliminary Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this Offering and the
Prospectus was or will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to the Commission&rsquo;s
EDGAR filing system (&ldquo;<B>EDGAR</B>&rdquo;), except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T promulgated under the Securities Act
(&ldquo;<B>Regulation S-T</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
Neither the Registration Statement nor any amendment thereto, at its effective time, as of the Applicable Time, at the Closing Date or
at any Option Closing Date (if any), contained, contains or will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or
will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
The Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time, at the Closing Date and at any Option Closing Date (if any), did not, does
not and will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus
hereto does not conflict in any material respect with the information contained in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus,
the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus, and each such Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together
with the Pricing Prospectus as of the Applicable Time, did not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;
provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements made or statements omitted in reliance upon and
in conformity with written information furnished to the Company with respect to the Underwriters by the Representative expressly for
use in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto. The
parties acknowledge and agree that such information provided by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists solely of the following disclosure
contained in the &ldquo;Underwriting&rdquo; section of the Prospectus: (i) the table showing the number of securities to be purchased
by each Underwriter, (ii) the fourth full paragraph, (iii) the second and third sentences of the second paragraph under the heading &ldquo;Discounts,
Commissions and Expenses&rdquo; and (iv) the sub-sections titled &ldquo;Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids,&rdquo;
&ldquo;Electronic Distribution,&rdquo; and &ldquo;Other&rdquo; (the &ldquo;<B>Underwriters&rsquo; Information</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)
Neither the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto (including any prospectus wrapper), as of its issue date, at the time
of any filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b), at the Closing Date or at any Option Closing Date, included, includes or will
include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation
and warranty shall not apply to the Underwriters&rsquo; Information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4.2.
<U>Disclosure of Agreements</U>. The agreements and documents described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained therein and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
there are no agreements or other documents required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations to be described in the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or to be filed with the Commission as exhibits to the Registration Statement,
that have not been so described or filed. Each agreement or other instrument (however characterized or described) to which the Company
is a party or by which it is or may be bound or affected and (i) that is referred to in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, or (ii) is material to the Company&rsquo;s business, has been duly authorized and validly executed by the
Company, is in full force and effect in all material respects and is enforceable against the Company and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
the other parties thereto, in accordance with its terms, except (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors&rsquo; rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution
provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive
and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding
therefor may be brought. None of such agreements or instruments has been assigned by the Company, and neither the Company nor, to the
Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any other party is in default thereunder and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no event has occurred that,
with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a default thereunder except for such defaults that would not
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change (as defined in Section 2.5.1 below). To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
performance by the Company of the material provisions of such agreements or instruments will not result in a violation of any existing
applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any governmental or regulatory agency, authority, body, entity or court,
domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its assets or businesses (each, a &ldquo;<B>Governmental Entity</B>&rdquo;),
including, without limitation, those relating to environmental laws and regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4.3.
<U>Prior Securities Transactions</U>. No securities of the Company have been sold by the Company or by or on behalf of, or for the benefit
of, any person or persons controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, except as disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Preliminary Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4.4.
<U>Regulations</U>. The disclosures in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus concerning the effects
of federal, state, local and all foreign laws, rules and regulations relating to the Offering and the Company&rsquo;s business as currently
conducted or contemplated are correct and complete in all material respects and no other such laws, rules or regulations are required
to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which are not so disclosed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.4.5.
<U>No Other Distribution of Offering Materials.</U> The Company has not, directly or indirectly, distributed and will not distribute
any offering material in connection with the Offering other than any Preliminary Prospectus, Pricing Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus, the Prospectus and other materials, if any, permitted under the Securities Act and consistent with Section 3.2 below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.5
<U>Changes After Dates in Registration Statement</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.5.1.
<U>No Material Adverse Change</U>. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Pricing
Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except as otherwise specifically stated therein: (i) there has been no material adverse change
in the financial position or results of operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, nor to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge
any change or development that, singularly or in the aggregate, would involve a material adverse change or would reasonably be expected
to have a material adverse change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, business, assets or
prospects of the Company or its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (a &ldquo;<B>Material Adverse Change</B>&rdquo;); (ii) there have been
no material transactions entered into by the Company or its Subsidiaries, other than as contemplated pursuant to this Agreement; and
(iii) no executive officer or director of the Company has resigned from any position with the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.5.2.
<U>Recent Securities Transactions, etc</U>. Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and except as may otherwise be indicated or contemplated herein or disclosed in the
Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has not: (i) issued any securities or incurred
any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, for borrowed money; or (ii) declared or paid any dividend or made any other distribution
on or in respect to its capital stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.6
<U>Disclosures in Commission Filings</U>. None of the Company&rsquo;s filings with, or other documents furnished to, the Commission contained
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.7
<U>Independent Accountants</U>. To the knowledge of the Company, MaloneBailey LLP (the &ldquo;<B>Auditor</B>&rdquo;), whose report is
filed with the Commission as part of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, is an independent
registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board. The Auditor has not, during the periods covered by the financial statements included in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, provided to the Company any non-audit services, as such term is used in Section 10A(g)
of the Exchange Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.8
<U>Financial Statements, etc</U>. The financial statements, including the notes thereto and supporting schedules included in the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, fairly present in all material respects the financial position and the
results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods stated therein; and such financial statements have been prepared
in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (&ldquo;<B>GAAP</B>&rdquo;), consistently applied throughout the periods
involved (provided that unaudited interim financial statements are subject to year-end audit adjustments that are not expected to be
material in the aggregate and do not contain all footnotes required by GAAP); and the supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration
Statement present fairly in all material respects the information required to be stated therein. Except as included therein, no historical
or pro forma financial statements are required to be included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus
under the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations. The as adjusted financial information and the related notes, if any, included
in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus have been properly compiled and prepared in accordance
with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and present fairly in all material respects
the information shown therein, and the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are
appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein. All disclosures contained in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus regarding &ldquo;non-GAAP financial measures&rdquo; (as such term is defined by the
rules and regulations of the Commission), if any, comply with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the Securities
Act, to the extent applicable. Each of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus discloses all material
off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, obligations (including contingent obligations), and other relationships of the Company
with unconsolidated entities or other persons that may have a material current or future effect on the Company&rsquo;s financial condition,
changes in financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, capital resources, or significant components
of revenues or expenses. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, (a) since
the date of the last balance sheet included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, neither
the Company nor any of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including each entity disclosed or described in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being a subsidiary of the Company (each, a &ldquo;<B>Subsidiary</B>&rdquo; and,
collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Subsidiaries</B>&rdquo;), has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or
entered into any material transactions other than in the ordinary course of business, (b) the Company has not declared or paid any dividends
or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its capital stock, (c) there has not been any change in the capital stock of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, other than in the ordinary course of business, any grants under any stock compensation plan,
and (d) there has not been any material adverse change in the Company&rsquo;s long-term or short-term debt. The Company represents that
it has no direct or indirect subsidiaries other than those listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Registration Statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.9
<U>Authorized Capital; Options, etc</U>. The Company had, at the date or dates indicated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, the duly authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth therein. Based on the assumptions
stated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company will have on the Closing Date the
adjusted capitalization set forth therein. Except as disclosed in, or contemplated by, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, on the Effective Date, as of the Applicable Time and on the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, there
will be no stock options, warrants, or other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire any authorized, but unissued shares of Common Stock
of the Company or any security convertible or exercisable into shares of Common Stock of the Company, or any contracts or commitments
to issue or sell shares of Common Stock or any such options, warrants, rights or convertible securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.10
<U>Valid Issuance of Securities, etc.</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.10.1.
<U>Outstanding Securities</U>. All issued and outstanding securities of the Company issued prior to the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the holders thereof have no contractual
rights of rescission or the ability to force the Company to repurchase such securities with respect thereto, and are not subject to personal
liability by reason of being such holders; and none of such securities were issued in violation of the preemptive rights, rights of first
refusal or rights of participation of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company.
The authorized shares of Common Stock conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The offers and sales of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, options,
warrants and other rights to purchase or exchange such securities for shares of the Common Stock were at all relevant times either registered
under the Securities Act and the applicable state securities or &ldquo;blue sky&rdquo; laws or, based in part on the representations
and warranties of the purchasers of such shares of Common Stock, exempt from such registration requirements. The description of the Company&rsquo;s
stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, as disclosed in
the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, accurately and fairly present, in all material respects,
the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.10.2.
<U>Securities Sold Pursuant to this Agreement</U>. The Public Securities and Representative Shares have been duly authorized for issuance
and sale and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable;
the holders thereof are not and will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; the Public Securities and
Representative Shares are not and will not be subject to the preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company or similar
contractual rights granted by the Company; and all corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of
the Public Securities and Representative Shares has been duly and validly taken. The Warrants, when issued and paid for pursuant to this
Agreement and the Warrant Agreement (as defined below), will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company to issue and sell,
upon exercise thereof and payment therefor, the Warrant Shares. The Public Securities and Representative Shares conform in all material
respects to all statements with respect thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.
All corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Representative Shares has been duly and validly
taken; the holders thereof are not and will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; and such shares of
Common Stock are not and will not be subject to the preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual
rights granted by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.11
<U>Registration Rights of Third Parties</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the
Prospectus, no holders of any securities of the Company or any options, warrants, rights or other securities exercisable for or convertible
or exchangeable into securities of the Company have the right to require the Company to register any such securities of the Company under
the Securities Act or to include any such securities in the Registration Statement or any other registration statement to be filed by
the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.12
<U>Validity and Binding Effect of Agreements</U>. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Warrants have been
duly and validly authorized by the Company, and, when executed and delivered, will constitute, the valid and binding agreements of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except in each case: (i) as such enforceability may
be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors&rsquo; rights generally; (ii) as enforceability
of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under the federal and state securities laws; and (iii) that the remedy
of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion
of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.13
<U>No Conflicts, etc</U>. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Warrants and all ancillary
documents, the consummation by the Company of the transactions herein and therein contemplated and the compliance by the Company with
the terms hereof and thereof do not and will not, with or without the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both: (i) result in a
breach of, or conflict with, in any material respect any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a material default under, or result
in the creation, modification, termination or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company
pursuant to the terms of any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company
is a party or as to which any property of the Company is a party; (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the Company&rsquo;s
Articles of Incorporation (as the same have been amended or restated from time to time, the &ldquo;<B>Charter</B>&rdquo;) or the bylaws
of the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Bylaws</B>&rdquo;); or (iii) violate any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or
decree of any Governmental Entity as of the date hereof, except in the cases of clauses (i) and (iii) above, for any such violation or
default that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.14
<U>No Defaults; Violations</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus,
no material default exists in the due performance and observance of any term, covenant or condition of any material license, contract,
indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, note, loan or credit agreement, or any other agreement or instrument evidencing an obligation for
borrowed money, or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company may be bound or
to which any of the properties or assets of the Company is subject, except such defaults that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Change.. The Company is not (i) in violation of any term or provision of its Charter or Bylaws, or (ii) in violation
of any franchise, license, permit, applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment or decree of any Governmental Entity, except for such violations
that would not be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.15
<U>Corporate Power; Licenses; Consents</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.15.1.
<U>Conduct of Business</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the
Company has all requisite corporate power and authority, and has all necessary consents, authorizations, approvals, licenses, certificates,
clearances, permits and orders and supplements and amendments thereto (collectively, &ldquo;<B>Authorizations</B>&rdquo;) of and from
all Governmental Entities that it needs as of the date hereof to conduct its business purpose as disclosed in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except for such Authorizations, the absence of which would not reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.15.2.
<U>Transactions Contemplated Herein</U>. The Company has all corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry
out the provisions and conditions hereof and thereof, and all Authorizations required in connection therewith have been obtained. No
Authorization of, and no filing with, any Governmental Entity, or another body is required for the valid issuance, sale and delivery
of the Public Securities and the Representative Shares and the consummation of the transactions and agreements contemplated by this Agreement
and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except with respect to applicable
federal and state securities or blue-sky laws and the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (&ldquo;<B>FINRA</B>&rdquo;)
and the Exchange.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.16
<U>D&amp;O Questionnaires</U>. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, all information contained in the questionnaires (the &ldquo;<B>Questionnaires</B>&rdquo;)
completed by each of the Company&rsquo;s directors and officers immediately prior to the Offering (the &ldquo;<B>Insiders</B>&rdquo;)
as supplemented by all information concerning the Company&rsquo;s directors and officers as disclosed in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus provided to the Underwriters, is true and correct in all material respects and the
Company has not become aware of any information which would cause the information disclosed in the Questionnaires to become materially
inaccurate and incorrect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.17
<U>Litigation; Governmental Proceedings</U>. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry, arbitration, investigation, litigation, regulatory
or governmental proceeding pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened against, or involving the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s
knowledge, any executive officer or director which has not been disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus, or in connection with the Company&rsquo;s listing application for the listing of the Public Securities on the Exchange,
and is required to be disclosed therein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.18
<U>Good Standing</U>. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation and is in good standing under the
laws of the State of Delaware as of the date hereof, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation
in each other jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except
where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, singularly or in the aggregate, would not have or reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.19
<U>Insurance</U>. The Company carries or is entitled to the benefits of insurance (including, without limitation, as to directors and
officers insurance coverage), with reputable insurers, in such amounts and covering such risks which the Company believes are adequate,
and all such insurance is in full force and effect. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able (i) to renew its existing
insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary
or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.20
<U>Transactions Affecting Disclosure to FINRA</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.20.1.
<U>Finder&rsquo;s Fees</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there
are no claims, payments, arrangements, agreements or understandings relating to the payment of a finder&rsquo;s, consulting or origination
fee by the Company or any Insider with respect to the sale of the Public Securities hereunder or any other arrangements, agreements or
understandings of the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any of its stockholders that may affect the Underwriters&rsquo; compensation,
as determined by FINRA.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.20.2.
<U>Payments Within Twelve (12) Months</U>. Except as disclosed in writing to the Representative or as disclosed in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company has not made any direct or indirect payments in connection with the Offering
(in cash, securities or otherwise) to: (i) any person, as a finder&rsquo;s fee, consulting fee or otherwise, in consideration of such
person raising capital for the Company or introducing to the Company persons who raised or provided capital to the Company; (ii) any
FINRA member; or (iii) any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member, within
the twelve (12) months prior to the Effective Date, other than the payment to the Underwriters as provided hereunder in connection with
the Offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.20.3.
<U>Use of Proceeds</U>. None of the net proceeds of the Offering will be paid by the Company to any participating FINRA member or its
affiliates, except as specifically authorized herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.20.4.
<U>FINRA Affiliation</U>. There is no (i) officer or director of the Company, (ii) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, beneficial owner
of 10% or more of any class of the Company&rsquo;s securities or (iii) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, beneficial owner of the Company&rsquo;s
unregistered equity securities who acquired any equity securities of the Company during the 180-day period immediately preceding the
filing of the Registration Statement that is an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member participating in the Offering (as determined
in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.20.5.
<U>Information</U>. All information provided by the Company in its FINRA questionnaire to Representative Counsel specifically for use
by Representative Counsel in connection with its Public Offering System filings (and related disclosure) with FINRA is true, correct
and complete in all material respects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.21
<U>Foreign Corrupt Practices Act</U>. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any director, officer,
agent, employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
has, directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any money, gift or similar benefit (other than legal price concessions to customers
in the ordinary course of business) to any customer, supplier, employee or agent of a customer or supplier, or official or employee of
any Governmental Entity (domestic or foreign) or any political party or candidate for office (domestic or foreign) or other person who
was, is, or may be in a position to help or hinder the business of the Company (or assist it in connection with any actual or proposed
transaction) that (i) might subject the Company to any damage or penalty in any civil, criminal or governmental litigation or proceeding,
(ii) if not given in the past, might have had a Material Adverse Change or (iii) if not continued in the future, might adversely affect
the assets, business, operations or prospects of the Company. The Company has taken reasonable steps to ensure that its accounting controls
and procedures are sufficient to cause the Company to comply in all material respects with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977,
as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.22
<U>Compliance with OFAC</U>. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any director, officer, agent,
employee or affiliate of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries, is
currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (&ldquo;<B>OFAC</B>&rdquo;),
and the Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the Offering hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available
such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any
person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.23
<U>Money Laundering Laws</U>. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance
in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions
Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all applicable jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder
and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Entity (collectively,
the &ldquo;<B>Money Laundering Laws</B>&rdquo;); and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any Governmental Entity involving the
Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.24
<U>Officers&rsquo; Certificate</U>. Any certificate signed by any duly authorized officer of the Company and delivered to you or to Representative
Counsel on the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriters
as to the matters covered thereby.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.25
<U>Lock-Up Agreements. Schedule 3</U> hereto contains a complete and accurate list of the Company&rsquo;s officers, directors, certain
affiliates and holders of the Company&rsquo;s outstanding shares of Common Stock (or securities convertible or exercisable into shares
of Common Stock) who have agreed to executed a Lock-Up Agreement (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up Parties</B>&rdquo;). The Company
has caused each of the Lock-Up Parties to deliver to the Representative an executed Lock-Up Agreement, in a form substantially similar
to that attached hereto as <U>Exhibit B</U> <B>(</B>the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up Agreement</B>&rdquo;), prior to the execution of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.26
<U>Subsidiaries</U>. All direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are duly organized and in good standing under the laws of the
place of organization or incorporation, and each Subsidiary is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease
of property or the conduct of business requires such qualification, except where the failure to qualify would not have a Material Adverse
Change. The Company&rsquo;s ownership and control of each Subsidiary is as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.27
<U>Related Party Transactions</U>. There are no business relationships or related party transactions involving the Company or any other
person required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus that have not been described
as required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 76.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.28
<U>Board of Directors</U>. The Board of Directors of the Company is comprised of the persons set forth under the heading of the Pricing
Prospectus and the Prospectus captioned &ldquo;Management.&rdquo; The qualifications of the persons serving as board members and the
overall composition of the board comply, in all material respects, with the Exchange Act, under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
of the Commission promulgated thereunder (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Act Regulations</B>&rdquo;), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the
rules promulgated thereunder (the &ldquo;<B>Sarbanes-Oxley Act</B>&rdquo;) applicable to the Company and the listing rules of the Exchange.
At least one member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company qualifies as an &ldquo;audit committee financial
expert,&rdquo; as such term is defined under Regulation S-K and the listing rules of the Exchange. In addition, at least a majority of
the persons serving on the Board of Directors qualify as &ldquo;independent,&rdquo; as defined under the listing rules of the Exchange.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.29
<U>Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.29.1.
<U>Disclosure Controls</U>. The Company has developed and currently maintains disclosure controls and procedures that will comply in
all material respects with Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations, and such controls and procedures are effective to
ensure that all material information concerning the Company will be made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the
preparation of the Company&rsquo;s Exchange Act filings and other public disclosure documents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.29.2.
<U>Compliance</U>. The Company is and at the Applicable Time and on the Closing Date will be, in material compliance with the provisions
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act applicable to it, and has implemented or will implement such programs and has taken reasonable steps to ensure
the Company&rsquo;s future compliance (not later than the relevant statutory and regulatory deadlines therefor) with all of the material
provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.30
<U>Accounting Controls</U>. The Company and its Subsidiaries maintain systems of &ldquo;internal control over financial reporting&rdquo;
(as defined under Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations) that comply in all material respects with the requirements
of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial
officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, but not limited to, internal accounting
controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s general
or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with
GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or
specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals
and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal controls. The Company&rsquo;s auditors
and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i) all significant deficiencies and material
weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are known to the Company&rsquo;s management
and that have adversely affected or are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize
and report financial information; and (ii) any fraud known to the Company&rsquo;s management, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company&rsquo;s internal controls over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.31
<U>No Investment Company Status</U>. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the Offering and the application of the proceeds
thereof as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, will not be, required to register
as an &ldquo;investment company,&rdquo; as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.32
<U>No Labor Disputes</U>. No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of
the Company, is imminent. The Company is not aware that any key employee or significant group of employees of the Company plans to terminate
employment with the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.33
<U>Intellectual Property Rights</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, Pricing Disclosure Package and Prospectus, the
Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or possesses or has valid rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks, service
marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets and similar
rights (&ldquo;<B>Intellectual Property Rights</B>&rdquo;) described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and
the Prospectus and necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries as currently carried on and
as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. To the knowledge of the Company, no action
or use by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries necessary for the conduct of its business as currently carried on and as disclosed in
the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will involve or give rise to any infringement of, or license or similar fees for, any Intellectual
Property Rights of others. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice alleging any such infringement, fee
or conflict with asserted Intellectual Property Rights of others. Except as would not reasonably be expected to result, individually
or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change (A) to the knowledge of the Company, there is no infringement, misappropriation or
violation by third parties of any of the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company; (B) there is no pending or, to the knowledge
of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the rights of the Company in or to any such Intellectual
Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim, that would, individually
or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.33, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change;
(C) the Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Intellectual Property Rights licensed
to the Company have not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and there is
no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope
of any such Intellectual Property Rights, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim
that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims in this Section 2.33, reasonably be expected to result in
a Material Adverse Change; (D) there is no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim
by others that the Company infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates any Intellectual Property Rights or other proprietary rights
of others, the Company has not received any written notice of such claim and the Company is unaware of any other facts which would form
a reasonable basis for any such claim that would, individually or in the aggregate, together with any other claims referred to in this
Section 2.33, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; and (E) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no employee of
the Company is in or has ever been in violation in any material respect of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement,
invention assignment agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, nondisclosure agreement or any restrictive covenant
to or with a former employer where the basis of such violation relates to such employee&rsquo;s employment with the Company, or actions
undertaken by the employee while employed with the Company and could reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate,
in a Material Adverse Change. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, all material technical information developed by and belonging to the
Company which has not been patented has been kept confidential. The Company is not a party to or bound by any options, licenses or agreements
with respect to the Intellectual Property Rights of any other person or entity that are required to be set forth in the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and are not described therein. The Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus contain in all material respects the same description of the matters set forth in the preceding sentence.
None of the technology employed by the Company has been obtained or is knowingly being used by the Company in violation of any contractual
obligation binding on the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any of its officers, directors or employees, or otherwise in
violation of the rights of any persons.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.34
<U>Taxes</U>. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has filed all returns (as hereinafter defined) required to be filed with taxing
authorities prior to the date hereof or has duly obtained extensions of time for the filing thereof. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries
has paid all taxes (as hereinafter defined) shown as due on such returns that were filed and has paid all taxes imposed on or assessed
against the Company or such respective Subsidiary, except for any such failure that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have
a Material Adverse Change. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the financial statements filed with or as part of the Registration
Statement are sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for all periods to and including the dates of
such consolidated financial statements. Except as disclosed in writing to the Underwriters, (i) no issues have been raised (and are currently
pending) by any taxing authority in connection with any of the returns or taxes asserted as due from the Company or its Subsidiaries,
and (ii) no waivers of statutes of limitation with respect to the returns or collection of taxes have been given by or requested from
the Company or its Subsidiaries. There are no tax liens against the assets, properties or business of the Company or its Subsidiaries.
The term &ldquo;<B>taxes</B>&rdquo; means all federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales,
use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment, excise, severance,
stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges of any kind whatever,
together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto. The term &ldquo;<B>returns</B>&rdquo;
means all returns, declarations, reports, statements and other documents required to be filed in respect to taxes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.35
<U>ERISA Compliance</U>. The Company and any &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security
Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, &ldquo;<B>ERISA</B>&rdquo;)) established
or maintained by the Company or its &ldquo;ERISA Affiliates&rdquo; (as defined below) are in compliance in all material respects with
ERISA. &ldquo;<B>ERISA Affiliate</B>&rdquo; means, with respect to the Company, any member of any group of organizations described in
Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations
thereunder (the &ldquo;<B>Code</B>&rdquo;) of which the Company is a member. No &ldquo;reportable event&rdquo; (as defined under ERISA)
has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; established or maintained by
the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates. No &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; established or maintained by the Company or any of
its ERISA Affiliates, if such &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; were terminated, would have any &ldquo;amount of unfunded benefit liabilities&rdquo;
(as defined under ERISA). Neither the Company nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has incurred or reasonably expects to incur any material
liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; or
(ii) Sections 412, 4971, 4975 or 4980B of the Code. Each &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; established or maintained by the Company
or any of its ERISA Affiliates that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and, to the knowledge
of the Company, nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.36
<U>Compliance with Laws</U>. Each of the Company and each Subsidiary: (A) is and at all times has been in compliance with all statutes,
rules, or regulations applicable to the business of the Company as currently conducted (&ldquo;<B>Applicable Laws</B>&rdquo;), except
as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change; (B) has not received any warning
letter, untitled letter or other correspondence or notice from any Governmental Entity alleging or asserting noncompliance with any Applicable
Laws or any Authorizations; (C) possesses all material Authorizations and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect
and are not in material violation of any term of any such Authorizations; (D) has not received notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding,
hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any Governmental Entity or third party alleging that any activity
conducted by the Company is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and has no knowledge that any such Governmental Entity
or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding; (E) has not received
notice that any Governmental Entity has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any Authorizations
and has no knowledge that any such Governmental Entity is considering such action; and (F) has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted
all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required
by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions
and supplements or amendments were complete and correct in all material respects on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented
by a subsequent submission). All preclinical and clinical studies conducted by or on behalf of the Company to support clearance for commercialization
of the Company&rsquo;s products have been conducted by the Company, or to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge by third parties, in compliance
with all applicable federal, state or foreign laws, rules, orders and regulations, except for such failure or failures to be in compliance
as would not reasonably be expected to have, singularly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.37
<U>Environmental Laws</U>. The Company is in compliance with all foreign, federal, state and local rules, laws and regulations relating
to the use, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and protection of health and safety or the environment
which are applicable to their businesses (&ldquo;<B>Environmental Laws</B>&rdquo;), except where the failure to comply would not, singularly
or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. There has been no storage, generation, transportation, handling, treatment,
disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind of toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances by, due to, or caused
by the Company (or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any other entity for whose acts or omissions the Company is or may otherwise be
liable) upon any of the property now or previously owned or leased by the Company, or upon any other property, in violation of any law,
statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit or which would, under any law, statute, ordinance, rule (including
rule of common law), regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, give rise to any liability, except for any violation or liability
which would not have, singularly or in the aggregate with all such violations and liabilities, a Material Adverse Change; and there has
been no disposal, discharge, emission or other release of any kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such property
of any toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances with respect to which the Company has knowledge, except for any such disposal,
discharge, emission, or other release of any kind which would not have, singularly or in the aggregate with all such discharges and other
releases, a Material Adverse Change. In the ordinary course of business, the Company conducts periodic reviews of the effect of Environmental
Laws on its business and assets, in the course of which they identify and evaluate associated costs and liabilities (including, without
limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws
or governmental permits issued thereunder, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties).
On the basis of such reviews, the Company has reasonably concluded that such associated costs and liabilities would not have, singularly
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.38
<U>Title to Property</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company
and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to, or have valid rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real
or personal property which are material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case free and clear
of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, claims, except those matters that do not (i) materially interfere with the use made and
proposed to be made of such property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Change; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered
as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries holds properties described in the Registration Statement, the
Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, are in full force and effect except those matters that do not (A) materially interfere
with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries or (B) would not, individually
or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of any material
claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary under any of the leases or
subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary to the continued possession of the
leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.39
<U>Contracts Affecting Capital</U>. There are no transactions, arrangements or other relationships between and/or among the Company,
any of its affiliates (as such term is defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act Regulations) and any unconsolidated entity, including,
but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity that could reasonably be expected to materially
affect the Company&rsquo;s or its Subsidiaries&rsquo; liquidity or the availability of or requirements for their capital resources required
to be described or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus which have
not been described or incorporated by reference as required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.40
<U>Loans to Directors or Officers</U>. There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the
ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company or its Subsidiaries to or for the benefit of any of the officers
or directors of the Company, its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective family members, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.41
<U>Ineligible Issuer</U>. At the time of filing the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the Effective
Date and at the time of any amendment thereto, at the earliest time thereafter that the Company or another offering participant made
a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) of the Securities Act Regulations) of the Public Securities and at the Effective
Date, the Company was not and is not an &ldquo;ineligible issuer,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 405, without taking account of any determination
by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an ineligible issuer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.42
<U>Smaller Reporting Company</U>. As of the time of filing of the Registration Statement, the Company was a &ldquo;smaller reporting
company,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.43
<U>Industry Data</U>. The statistical and market-related data included in each of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good faith believes are reliable and
accurate or represent the Company&rsquo;s good faith estimates that are made on the basis of data derived from such sources.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.44
<U>Clinical Studies</U>. The animal and other preclinical studies and clinical trials conducted by the Company or on behalf of the Company
that are described in the Registration Statement, Pricing Disclosure Package and Prospectus or the results of which are referred to in
the Prospectus were, and if still pending are, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, being conducted in all material respects in compliance
with all Applicable Laws and in accordance with medical and scientific research procedures that the Company reasonably believes are appropriate;
descriptions of results of such preclinical studies and clinical trials contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are
accurate and fairly present the data derived from such preclinical studies and clinical trials, and the Company has no knowledge of any
other clinical trials or preclinical studies, the results of which reasonably call into question the clinical trial or preclinical study
results described or referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus when viewed in the context in which such results are
described; and the Company has not received any written notices or correspondence from the FDA, or any other domestic or foreign governmental
agency requiring the termination, suspension or modification of any preclinical studies or clinical trials conducted by or on behalf
of the Company that are described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or the results of which are referred to in the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.45
<U>Electronic Road Show</U>. The Company has made available a Bona Fide Electronic Road Show in compliance with Rule 433(d)(8)(ii) of
the Securities Act Regulations such that no filing of any &ldquo;road show&rdquo; (as defined in Rule 433(h) of the Securities Act Regulations)
is required in connection with the Offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.46
<U>Margin Securities</U>. The Company owns no &ldquo;margin securities&rdquo; as that term is defined in Regulation U of the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the &ldquo;<B>Federal Reserve Board</B>&rdquo;), and none of the proceeds of Offering will be
used, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any margin security, for the purpose of reducing or retiring
any indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry any margin security or for any other purpose which might cause any
of the shares of Common Stock to be considered a &ldquo;purpose credit&rdquo; within the meanings of Regulation T, U or X of the Federal
Reserve Board.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.47
<U>Dividends and Distributions</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus,
no Subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited or restricted, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to the Company,
from making any other distribution on such Subsidiary&rsquo;s capital stock, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such
Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such Subsidiary&rsquo;s property or assets to the Company or any other Subsidiary
of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.48
<U>Forward-Looking Statements</U>. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section
21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed
without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.49
<U>Exchange Act Reports</U>. Except as disclosed in writing to the Representative, the Company has filed in a timely manner all reports
required to be filed pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(e), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (except to the
extent that Section 15(d) requires reports to be filed pursuant to Sections 13(d) and 13(g) of the Exchange Act, which shall be governed
by the next clause of this sentence); and the Company has filed in a timely manner all reports required to be filed pursuant to Sections
13(d) and 13(g) of the Exchange Act, except where the failure to timely file could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.50
<U>Integration</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly,
made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause the Offering
to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of the Securities Act that would require the registration of any such
securities under the Securities Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.51
<U>Confidentiality and Non-Competitions</U>. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no director, officer, key employee or consultant of the
Company or any Subsidiary is subject to any confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-competition agreement or non-solicitation agreement
with any employer (other than the Company) or prior employer that could materially affect his or her ability to be and act in his or
her respective capacity of the Company or such Subsidiary or be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.52
<U>Corporate Records</U>. The minute books of the Company have been made available to the Representative and Representative Counsel and
such books (i) contain minutes of all material meetings and actions of the Board of Directors (including each board committee) and stockholders
of the Company, and (ii) reflect all material transactions referred to in such minutes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.53
<U>Diligence Materials</U>. The Company has provided to the Representative and Representative Counsel all materials required or necessary
to respond in all material respects to the diligence request submitted to the Company or Company Counsel by the Representative.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.
<U>Covenants of the Company</U>. The Company covenants and agrees as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.1
<U>Amendments to Registration Statement</U>. The Company shall deliver to the Representative, prior to filing, any amendment or supplement
to the Registration Statement or Prospectus proposed to be filed after the Effective Date and not file any such amendment or supplement
to which the Representative, based on the opinion of legal counsel, shall reasonably object in writing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2
<U>Federal Securities Laws</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2.1.
<U>Compliance</U>. The Company, subject to Section 3.2.2, shall comply in all material respects with the requirements of Rule 430A of
the Securities Act Regulations, and will notify the Representative promptly, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when any post-effective
amendment to the Registration Statement shall become effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus shall have been filed;
(ii) of its receipt of any comments from the Commission; (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration
Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or for additional information; (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any
stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment or of any order preventing or suspending
the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or of the suspension of the qualification of the Public Securities and Representative
Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes or of
any examination pursuant to Section 8(d) or 8(e) of the Securities Act concerning the Registration Statement and (v) if the Company becomes
the subject of a proceeding under Section 8A of the Securities Act in connection with the Offering of the Public Securities and Representative
Shares. The Company shall effect all filings required under Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act Regulations, in the manner and within the
time period required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)), and shall take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain
promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the
event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop
order, prevention or suspension and, if any such order is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2.2.
<U>Continued Compliance</U>. The Company shall comply in all material respects with the Securities Act, the Securities Act Regulations,
the Exchange Act and the Exchange Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Public Securities as contemplated
in this Agreement and in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. If at any time when a prospectus
relating to the Public Securities is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172 of the Securities Act Regulations (&ldquo;<B>Rule
172</B>&rdquo;), would be) required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Public Securities, any event
shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of Representative Counsel or Company Counsel,
to (i) amend the Registration Statement in order that the Registration Statement will not include an untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) amend
or supplement the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order that the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the
case may be, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser or (iii) amend
the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, in order to comply
with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations, the Company will promptly (A) give the Representative
notice of such event; (B) prepare any amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the
Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus comply with such requirements and, a reasonable amount of time
prior to any proposed filing or use, furnish the Representative with copies of any such amendment or supplement and (C) file with the
Commission any such amendment or supplement; provided that the Company shall not file or use any such amendment or supplement to which
the Representative or Representative Counsel shall reasonably object. The Company will furnish to the Underwriters such number of copies
of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request. The Company has given the Representative notice of any filings
made pursuant to the Exchange Act or the Exchange Act Regulations within two (2) Business Days prior to the Applicable Time. The Company
shall give the Representative notice of its intention to make any such filing from the Applicable Time until the later of the Closing
Date and the exercise in full or expiration of the Over-allotment Option specified in Section 1.2 hereof and will furnish the Representative
with copies of the related document(s) a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing, as the case may be, and will not file
or use any such document to which the Representative or Representative Counsel shall reasonably object.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2.3.
<U>Exchange Act Registration</U>. For a period of five (5) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall use its reasonable
best efforts to maintain the registration of the shares of Common Stock and Warrants under the Exchange Act. The Company shall not deregister
the Common Stock or Warrants under the Exchange Act without the prior written consent of the Representative.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2.4.
<U>Free Writing Prospectuses</U>. The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representative, it shall
not make any offer relating to the Public Securities that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise
constitute a &ldquo;free writing prospectus,&rdquo; or a portion thereof, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or
retained by the Company under Rule 433; provided that the Representative shall be deemed to have consented to each Issuer General Use
Free Writing Prospectus set forth in <U>Schedule 2-B</U>. The Company represents that it has treated or agrees that it will treat each
such free writing prospectus consented to, or deemed consented to, by the Representative as an &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus,&rdquo;
as defined in Rule 433, and that it has complied and will comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 433 with respect thereto, including
timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would
conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or included or would include an untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Representative and will promptly amend or supplement,
at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.3
<U>Delivery to the Underwriters of Registration Statements</U>. The Company has delivered or made available or shall deliver or make
available to the Representative and Representative Counsel, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally
filed and each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith) and signed copies of all consents and certificates of experts,
and will also deliver to each Underwriter, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each
amendment thereto (without exhibits) upon receipt of a written request therefor from such Underwriter. The copies of the Registration
Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof
filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4
<U>Delivery to the Underwriters of Prospectuses</U>. The Company has delivered or made available or will deliver or make available to
each Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each Preliminary Prospectus as such Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company
hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the Securities Act. The Company will furnish to each Underwriter,
without charge, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Public Securities is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule
172 of the Securities Act Regulations, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus
(as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may reasonably request. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished
to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except
to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.5
<U>Effectiveness and Events Requiring Notice to the Representative</U>. The Company shall use its best efforts to cause the Registration
Statement to remain effective with a current prospectus for at least nine (9) months after the Applicable Time, and shall notify the
Representative promptly and confirm the notice in writing: (i) of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto;
(ii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of the initiation, or the threatening, of any proceeding for that purpose;
(iii) of the issuance by any state securities commission of any proceedings for the suspension of the qualification of the Public Securities
for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or of the initiation, or the threatening, of any proceeding for that purpose; (iv) of the mailing
and delivery to the Commission for filing of any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus; (v) of the receipt
of any comments or request for any additional information from the Commission; and (vi) of the happening of any event during the period
described in this Section 3.5 that, in the judgment of the Company, makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement,
the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus untrue or that requires the making of any changes in (a) the Registration Statement
in order to make the statements therein not misleading, or (b) in the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If the Commission or any state securities
commission shall enter a stop order or suspend such qualification at any time, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts
to obtain promptly the lifting of such order.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.6
<U>Listing</U>. The Company shall use its best efforts to maintain the listing of the shares of Common Stock and Warrants on the Exchange
for at least three (3) years from the date of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.7
<U>Reports to the Representative</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.7.1.
<U>Periodic Reports, etc</U>. For a period of three (3) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall furnish or make available
to the Representative copies of such financial statements and other periodic and special reports as the Company from time to time furnishes
generally to holders of any class of its securities and also promptly furnish to the Representative: (i) a copy of each periodic report
the Company shall be required to file with the Commission under the Exchange Act and the Exchange Act Regulations; (ii) a copy of every
press release and every news item and article with respect to the Company or its affairs which was released by the Company; (iii) a copy
of each Form 8-K prepared and filed by the Company; (iv) a copy of each registration statement filed by the Company under the Securities
Act; (v) a copy of each report or other communication furnished to stockholders and (vi) such additional documents and information with
respect to the Company and the affairs of any future subsidiaries of the Company as the Representative may from time to time reasonably
request. Documents filed with the Commission pursuant to its EDGAR system shall be deemed to have been delivered to the Representative
pursuant to this Section 3.7.1.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.7.2.
<U>Transfer Agent; Transfer Sheets</U>. For a period of three (3) years after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall retain a
transfer agent and registrar acceptable to the Representative (the &ldquo;<B>Transfer Agent</B>&rdquo;) and shall furnish to the Representative
at the Company&rsquo;s sole cost and expense such transfer sheets of the Company&rsquo;s securities as the Representative may reasonably
request, including the daily and monthly consolidated transfer sheets of the Transfer Agent and DTC. American Stock Transfer &amp; Trust
Company, LLC is acceptable to the Representative to act as Transfer Agent for the shares of Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.7.3.
<U>Trading Reports</U>. For a period of three (3) years after the date of this Agreement, during such time as the Public Securities are
listed on the Exchange, the Company shall provide to the Representative, at the Company&rsquo;s expense, such reports published by the
Exchange relating to price trading of the Public Securities, as the Representative shall reasonably request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.10
<U>Payment of Expenses</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.10.1.
<U>General Expenses Related to the Offering</U>. The Company hereby agrees to pay on each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing
Date, if any, to the extent not paid at the Closing Date, all expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company
under this Agreement, including, but not limited to: (a) all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the registration of the
Public Securities with the Commission; (b) all Public Offering System filing fees associated with the review of the Offering by FINRA;
(c) all fees and expenses relating to the listing of such Public Securities on the Exchange and such other stock exchanges as the Company
and the Representative together determine, including any fees charged by DTC; (d) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to background
checks of the Company&rsquo;s officers and directors; (e) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration, qualification
or exemption of the Public Securities under the securities laws of such states or foreign jurisdictions as the Representative may reasonably
designate; (f) the costs of all mailing and printing of the underwriting documents (including, without limitation, the Underwriting Agreement,
any Blue Sky Surveys and, if appropriate, any Agreement Among Underwriters, Selected Dealers&rsquo; Agreement, Underwriters&rsquo; Questionnaire
and Power of Attorney), Registration Statements, Prospectuses and all amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto and as many preliminary
and final Prospectuses as the Representative may reasonably deem necessary; (g) fees and expenses of the transfer agent for the shares
of Common Stock; (h) fees and expenses of the warrant agent under the Warrant Agreement; (i) stock transfer and/or stamp taxes, if any,
payable upon the transfer of securities from the Company to the Underwriters; (j) the costs associated with commemorative mementos and
lucite tombstones, each of which the Company or its designee shall provide within a reasonable time after the Closing Date in such quantities
as the Representative may reasonably request; (k) the fees and expenses of the Company&rsquo;s accountants; (l) the fees and expenses
of the Company&rsquo;s legal counsel and other agents and representatives; (m) the fees and expenses of Representative Counsel; (n) the
cost associated with the Underwriters&rsquo; use of Ipreo&rsquo;s book-building, prospectus tracking and compliance software for the
Offering; and (o) the Underwriters&rsquo; actual accountable &ldquo;road show&rdquo; expenses for the Offering. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Company&rsquo;s obligations to reimburse the Representative for any out-of-pocket expenses actually incurred as set forth in the
preceding sentence shall not exceed $150,000.00 in the aggregate, including but not limited to the legal fees and road show expenses
as described therein. The Representative may deduct from the net proceeds of the Offering payable to the Company on the Closing Date,
or the Option Closing Date, if any, the expenses set forth herein to be paid by the Company to the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.10.2.
<U>Expense Reimbursement Upon Termination</U>. In the event the Offering is terminated, the Company agrees to reimburse the Underwriters
pursuant to Section 8.3 hereof up to an aggregate of $50,000.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.10.3.
<U>Non-Accountable Expenses</U>. The Company further agrees that, in addition to the expenses payable pursuant to Section 3.10.1, on
the Closing Date, it shall pay to the Representative, by deduction from the net proceeds of the Offering contemplated herein, a non-accountable
expense allowance equal to one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Firm Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.11
<U>Application of Net Proceeds</U>. The Company shall apply the net proceeds from the Offering received by it in a manner consistent
with the application thereof described under the caption &ldquo;Use of Proceeds&rdquo; in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.12
<U>Delivery of Earnings Statements to Security Holders</U>. The Company shall make generally available to its security holders as soon
as practicable, but not later than the first day of the fifteenth (15<SUP>th</SUP>) full calendar month following the date of this Agreement,
an earnings statement (which need not be certified by an independent registered public accounting firm unless required by the Securities
Act or the Securities Act Regulations, but which shall satisfy the provisions of Rule 158(a) under Section 11(a) of the Securities Act)
covering a period of at least twelve (12) consecutive months beginning after the date of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.13
<U>Stabilization</U>. Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any of its employees, directors or stockholders has taken or shall take,
directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under
Regulation M of the Exchange Act, or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of the Public Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.14
<U>Internal Controls</U>. The Company shall maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances
that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded
as necessary in order to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets;
(iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded
accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any
differences.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.15
<U>Accountants</U>. As of the date of this Agreement, the Company has retained an independent registered public accounting firm, as required
by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.16
<U>FINRA</U>. For a period of 60 days from the later of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, the Company shall advise the Representative
(who shall make an appropriate filing with FINRA) if it is or becomes aware that (i) any officer or director of the Company, (ii) any
beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of the Company&rsquo;s securities or (iii) any beneficial owner of the Company&rsquo;s unregistered
equity securities which were acquired during the 180 days immediately preceding the filing of the Registration Statement is or becomes
an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member participating in the Offering (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations
of FINRA).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.17
<U>No Fiduciary Duties</U>. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters&rsquo; responsibility to the Company is solely
contractual in nature and that none of the Underwriters or their affiliates or any selling agent shall be deemed to be acting in a fiduciary
capacity, or otherwise owes any fiduciary duty to the Company or any of its affiliates in connection with the Offering and the other
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.18
<U>Company Lock-Up Agreements</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.18.1.
<U>Restriction on Sales of Capital Stock</U>. The Company, on behalf of itself and any successor entity, agrees that, without the prior
written consent of the Representative, it will not, for a period of 180 days after the date of this Agreement (the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up
Period</B>&rdquo;), (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract
to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares
of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the
Company; provided, however, that this clause (i) shall not apply to the issuance of any shares of capital stock, options or warrants
in connection with any acquisition of a business that the Company currently has agreed to purchase or with which the Company is currently
in discussions to purchase; (ii) file or cause to be filed any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of
any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock
of the Company; or (iii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic
consequences of ownership of capital stock of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) above
is to be settled by delivery of shares of capital stock of the Company or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
restrictions contained in this Section 3.18.1 shall not apply to (i) the shares of Common Stock to be sold hereunder, (ii) the issuance
by the Company of shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of an outstanding stock option or warrant or the conversion of a security
outstanding on the date hereof, of which the Representative has been advised in writing, (iii) the issuance by the Company of any security
under any equity compensation plan of the Company, (iv) any issuance of securities pursuant to any resale registration statement for
existing shareholders, (v) any sales made pursuant to an &ldquo;at the market offering&rdquo; as defined under Rule 415 of the Securities
Act or (vi) any issuance of securities disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus; provided
that, prior to the issuance of any such stock options or shares of capital stock of the Company that are vested or vest during the Lock-Up
Period, each recipient thereof shall sign and deliver a Lock-Up Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.19
<U>Blue Sky Qualifications</U>. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts, in cooperation with the Underwriters, if necessary,
to qualify the Public Securities for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions (domestic
or foreign) as the Representative may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required to complete the distribution
of the Public Securities; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process
or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject
itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.20
<U>Reporting Requirements</U>. The Company, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Public Securities is (or, but for the
exception afforded by Rule 172, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, will file all documents required to be filed
with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the Exchange Act and Exchange Act Regulations. Additionally,
the Company shall report the use of proceeds from the issuance of the Public Securities as may be required under Rule 463 under the Securities
Act Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.21
<U>Press Releases</U>. Prior to the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, the Company shall not issue any press release or other
communication directly or indirectly or hold any press conference with respect to the Company, its condition, financial or otherwise,
or earnings, business affairs or business prospects (except for routine oral marketing communications in the ordinary course of business
and consistent with the past practices of the Company and of which the Representative is notified), without the prior written consent
of the Representative, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, unless in the judgment of the Company and its counsel, and after
notification to the Representative, such press release or communication is required by law.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.22
<U>Sarbanes-Oxley</U>. The Company shall at all times comply in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act in effect from time to time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.23
<U>IRS Forms</U>. If requested by the Representative, the Company shall deliver to each Underwriter (or its agent), prior to or at the
Closing Date, a properly completed and executed Internal Revenue Service (&ldquo;<B>IRS</B>&rdquo;) Form W-9 or an IRS Form W-8, as appropriate,
together with all required attachments to such form.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.24
<U>Warrant Agent</U>. For so long as the Warrants are outstanding, the Company will maintain the Warrant Agreement in full force and
effect with American Stock Transfer &amp; Trust Company, LLC or a transfer agent of similar competence and quality. The Firm Warrants,
and if applicable, Option Warrants, will be issued in accordance with the Warrant Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.
<U>Conditions of Underwriters&rsquo; Obligations</U>. The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Public Securities,
as provided herein, shall be subject to (i) the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company as of the date
hereof and as of each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any; (ii) the accuracy of the statements of officers of the
Company made pursuant to the provisions hereof; (iii) the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder; and (iv) the following
conditions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1
<U>Regulatory Matters</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1.1.
<U>Effectiveness of Registration Statement; Rule 430A Information</U>. The Registration Statement has become effective not later than
5:30 p.m., Eastern time, on the date of this Agreement or such later date and time as shall be consented to in writing by the Representative,
and, at each of the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
or any post-effective amendment thereto shall have been issued under the Securities Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of
any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall have been issued and no proceedings for any of those purposes shall have been instituted
or are pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, contemplated by the Commission. The Company has complied with each request (if any)
from the Commission for additional information. A prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission
in the manner and within the time frame required by Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act Regulations (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8))
or a post-effective amendment providing such information shall have been filed with, and declared effective by, the Commission in accordance
with the requirements of Rule 430A under the Securities Act Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1.2.
<U>FINRA Clearance</U>. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Representative shall have received clearance from FINRA as to the
amount of compensation allowable or payable to the Underwriters as disclosed in the Registration Statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1.3.
<U>Exchange Clearance</U>. On the Closing Date and Option Closing Date (if any), the Company&rsquo;s shares of Common Stock and Warrants
shall have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2
<U>Company Counsel Matters</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2.1.
<U>Closing Date Opinion of Counsel</U>. On the Closing Date, the Representative shall have received the favorable opinion and written
statement providing certain &ldquo;10b-5&rdquo; negative assurances of Duane Morris LLP (&ldquo;<B>Company Counsel</B>&rdquo;), counsel
to the Company, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representative, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2.2.
<U>Option Closing Date Opinions of Counsel</U>. On the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received the favorable
opinions of counsel listed in Section 4.2.1, dated the Option Closing Date, addressed to the Representative and in form and substance
reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, confirming as of the Option Closing Date, the statements made by such counsels in their
respective opinions delivered on the Closing Date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.3
<U>Comfort Letters</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.3.1.
<U>Cold Comfort Letter</U>. At the time this Agreement is executed the Representative shall have received a cold comfort letter from
the Auditor containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants&rsquo; comfort letters with respect
to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package
and the Prospectus, addressed to the Representative and in form and substance satisfactory in all respects to the Representative and
to Representative Counsel from the Auditor, dated as of the date of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.3.2.
<U>Bring-down Comfort Letter</U>. At each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have received
from the Auditor a letter, dated as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as applicable, to the effect that the Auditor reaffirms
the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to Section 4.3.1, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not
more than three (3) Business Days prior to the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.4
<U>Officers&rsquo; Certificates</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.4.1.
<U>Officers&rsquo; Certificate</U>. The Company shall have furnished to the Representative a certificate, dated the Closing Date and
any Option Closing Date (if such date is other than the Closing Date), of its Chief Executive Officer or President, and its Chief Financial
Officer stating on behalf of the Company and not in an individual capacity that (i) such officers have carefully examined the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus and, in their opinion, the Registration
Statement and each amendment thereto after the Effective Date, as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing
Date if such date is other than the Closing Date) did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading, and the Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing
Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus as of its date and as of the Closing Date (or any
Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), the Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto after the Effective
Date, as of the respective date thereof and as of the Closing Date, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not
omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading, (ii) since the effective date of the Registration Statement, no event has occurred which should have been set forth
in a supplement or amendment to the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, (iii) to the best of their
knowledge after reasonable investigation, as of the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date),
the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects and the Company has
materially complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to
the Closing Date (or any Option Closing Date if such date is other than the Closing Date), and (iv) there has not been, subsequent to
the date of the most recent audited financial statements included in the Pricing Disclosure Package, a Material Adverse Change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.4.2.
<U>Secretary&rsquo;s Certificate</U>. At each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any, the Representative shall have
received a certificate of the Company signed by the Secretary of the Company, dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the
case may be, respectively, certifying on behalf of the Company and not in an individual capacity: (i) that each of the Charter and Bylaws
is true and complete, has not been modified and is in full force and effect; (ii) that the resolutions of the Company&rsquo;s Board of
Directors relating to the Offering are in full force and effect and have not been modified; and (iii) as to the incumbency of the officers
of the Company. The documents referred to in such certificate shall be attached to such certificate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.5
<U>No Material Changes</U>. Prior to and on each of the Closing Date and each Option Closing Date, if any: (i) there shall have been
no Material Adverse Change in the condition or prospects or the business activities, financial or otherwise, of the Company from the
latest dates as of which such condition is set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus;
(ii) no action, suit or proceeding, at law or in equity, shall have been pending or threatened against the Company or any Insider before
or by any court or federal or state commission, board or other administrative agency wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding
may reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus; (iii) no stop order shall have been issued under the Securities Act and no proceedings therefor shall have
been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and (iv) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus
and any amendments or supplements thereto shall contain all material statements which are required to be stated therein in accordance
with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and shall conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities
Act and the Securities Act Regulations, and neither the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package nor the Prospectus nor
any amendment or supplement thereto shall contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.6
<U>No Material Misstatement or Omission</U>. The Underwriters shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the
Closing Date and any Option Closing Date that the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement
of a material fact which, in the opinion of Representative Counsel, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the opinion of such
counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading, or that the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of fact which, in the opinion of Representative
Counsel, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the opinion of Representative Counsel, is material and is necessary in order
to make the statements, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.7
<U>Corporate Proceedings</U>. All corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form and validity of each
of this Agreement, the Public Securities, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus,
if any, and the Prospectus and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby
shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to Representative Counsel, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel
all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.8
<U>Delivery of Agreements</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.8.1.
<U>Lock-Up Agreements</U>. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Company shall have delivered to the Representative executed copies
of the Lock-Up Agreements from each of the persons listed in <U>Schedule 3</U> hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.9
<U>Warrant Agreement</U>. On or before the date of this Agreement, the Company shall have entered into a Warrant Agreement between the
Company and American Stock Transfer &amp; Trust Company, LLC, as warrant agent with respect to the Warrants, in the form filed as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement (the &ldquo;<B>Warrant Agreement</B>&rdquo;), or if applicable, as otherwise directed by the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.10
<U>Additional Documents</U>. At the Closing Date and at each Option Closing Date (if any) Representative Counsel shall have been furnished
with such documents and opinions as they may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling Representative Counsel to deliver an opinion
to the Underwriters, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the
conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Public Securities
and the Representative Shares as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Representative and Representative
Counsel.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.
<U>Indemnification</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.1
<U>Indemnification of the Underwriters</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.1.1.
<U>General</U>. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates and each of its and their respective directors,
officers, members, employees, representatives, partners, shareholders, affiliates, agents and each person, if any, who controls any such
Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (collectively the &ldquo;<B>Underwriter
Indemnified Parties</B>,&rdquo; and each an &ldquo;<B>Underwriter Indemnified Party</B>&rdquo;), against any and all loss, liability,
claim, damage and expense whatsoever (including but not limited to any and all legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in investigating,
preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, whether arising out of any action between
any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and the Company or between any of the Underwriter Indemnified Parties and any third party,
or otherwise) to which they or any of them may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other statute or at common
law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in (i) the
Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus
(as from time to time each may be amended and supplemented); (ii) any materials or information provided to investors by, or with the
approval of, the Company in connection with the marketing of the Offering, including any &ldquo;road show&rdquo; or investor presentations
made to investors by the Company (whether in person or electronically); or (iii) any application or other document or written communication
(in this Section 5, collectively called &ldquo;<B>application</B>&rdquo;) executed by the Company or based upon written information furnished
by the Company in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Public Securities and Representative Shares under the securities laws thereof
or filed with the Commission, any state securities commission or agency, the Exchange or any other national securities exchange; or the
omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, unless such statement or omission was made in reliance
upon, and in conformity with, the Underwriters&rsquo; Information. With respect to any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue
statement or omission made in the Pricing Disclosure Package, the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 5.1.1 shall not inure
to the benefit of any Underwriter Indemnified Party to the extent that any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense of such Underwriter
Indemnified Party results from the fact that a copy of the Prospectus was not given or sent to the person asserting any such loss, liability,
claim or damage at or prior to the written confirmation of sale of the Public Securities to such person as required by the Securities
Act and the Securities Act Regulations, and if the untrue statement or omission has been corrected in the Prospectus, unless such failure
to deliver the Prospectus was a result of non-compliance by the Company with its obligations under Section 3.3 hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.1.2.
<U>Procedure</U>. If any action is brought against an Underwriter Indemnified Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought against
the Company pursuant to Section 5.1.1, such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the institution
of such action and the Company shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with any other similarly
notified indemnifying party, to assume the defense of such action, including the employment and fees of counsel (subject to the reasonable
approval of such Underwriter Indemnified Party) and payment of actual expenses. Such Underwriter Indemnified Party shall have the right
to employ its or their own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Underwriter
Indemnified Party unless (i) the employment of such counsel at the expense of the Company shall have been authorized in writing by the
Company in connection with the defense of such action, or (ii) the Company shall not have employed counsel to have charge of the defense
of such action, or (iii) such indemnified party or parties shall have been advised by its counsel that there may be defenses available
to it or them which are different from or additional to those available to the Company (in which case the Company shall not have the
right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party or parties), in any of which events the reasonable fees
and expenses of not more than one additional firm of attorneys selected by the Underwriter Indemnified Parties who are party to such
action (in addition to local counsel) shall be borne by the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if any
Underwriter Indemnified Party shall assume the defense of such action as provided above, the Company shall have the right to approve
the terms of any settlement of such action, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.2
<U>Indemnification of the Company</U>. Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its
directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and persons who control the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of
the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the
foregoing indemnity from the Company to the several Underwriters, as incurred, but only with respect to such losses, liabilities, claims,
damages and expenses (or actions in respect thereof) which arise out of or are based upon untrue statements or omissions made in the
Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto
or in any application, in reliance upon, and in strict conformity with, the Underwriters&rsquo; Information. In case any action shall
be brought against the Company or any other person so indemnified based on any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the
Pricing Disclosure Package or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or any application, and in respect of which indemnity
may be sought against any Underwriter, such Underwriter shall have the rights and duties given to the Company, and the Company and each
other person so indemnified shall have the rights and duties given to the several Underwriters by the provisions of Section 5.1.2. The
Company agrees promptly to notify the Representative of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Company or any
of its officers, directors or any person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or
Section 20 of the Exchange Act, in connection with the issuance and sale of the Public Securities or in connection with the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.3
<U>Contribution</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.3.1.
<U>Contribution Rights</U>. If the indemnification provided for in this Section 5 shall for any reason be unavailable to or insufficient
to hold harmless an indemnified party under Section 5.1 or 5.2 in respect of any loss, claim, damage or liability, or any action in respect
thereof, referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, contribute to the amount
paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, (i) in
such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and each of the Underwriters,
on the other hand, from the Offering, or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such
proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of
the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to the statements or omissions that resulted in such loss,
claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits
received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to such Offering shall be deemed to be in
the same proportion as the total proceeds from the Offering purchased under this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the
Company bear to the total underwriting discount and commissions received by the Underwriters in connection with the Offering, in each
case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters,
on the other, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company, on the one hand, or the
Underwriters, on the other, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct
or prevent such untrue statement, omission, act or failure to act; provided that the parties hereto agree that the written information
furnished to the Company through the Representative by or on behalf of any Underwriter for use in any Preliminary Prospectus, any Registration
Statement or the Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto, consists solely of the Underwriters&rsquo; Information. The Company
and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 5.3.1 were to be determined
by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to
herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, damage, expense, liability, action, investigation
or proceeding referred to above in this Section 5.3.1 shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 5.3.1, any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending against or
appearing as a third party witness in respect of, or otherwise incurred in connection with, any such loss, claim, damage, expense, liability,
action, investigation or proceeding. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 5.3.1 no Underwriter shall be required to contribute
any amount in excess of the total discount and commission received by such Underwriter in connection with the Offering less the amount
of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise paid or becomes liable to pay by reason of any untrue or alleged untrue statement,
omission or alleged omission, act or alleged act or failure to act or alleged failure to act. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation
(within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such
fraudulent misrepresentation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.3.2.
<U>Contribution Procedure</U>. Within fifteen (15) days after receipt by any party to this Agreement (or its representative) of notice
of the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding, such party will, if a claim for contribution in respect thereof is to be made
against another party (&ldquo;contributing party&rdquo;), notify the contributing party of the commencement thereof, but the failure
to so notify the contributing party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any other party other than for contribution
hereunder. In case any such action, suit or proceeding is brought against any party, and such party notifies a contributing party or
its representative of the commencement thereof within the aforesaid 15 days, the contributing party will be entitled to participate therein
with the notifying party and any other contributing party similarly notified. Any such contributing party shall not be liable to any
party seeking contribution on account of any settlement of any claim, action or proceeding affected by such party seeking contribution
without the written consent of such contributing party. The contribution provisions contained in this Section 5.3.2 are intended to supersede,
to the extent permitted by law, any right to contribution under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise available. The Underwriters&rsquo;
obligations to contribute as provided in this Section 5.3 are several and in proportion to their respective underwriting obligation,
and not joint.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.
<U>Default by an Underwriter</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.1
<U>Default Not Exceeding 10% of Firm Securities or Option Securities</U>. If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall default in its or
their obligations to purchase the Firm Securities or the Option Securities, if the Over-allotment Option is exercised hereunder, and
if the number of the Firm Securities or Option Securities with respect to which such default relates does not exceed in the aggregate
10% of the number of Firm Shares and accompanying Firm Warrants or Option Shares and accompanying Option Warrants that all Underwriters
have agreed to purchase hereunder, then such Firm Securities or Option Securities to which the default relates shall be purchased by
the non-defaulting Underwriters in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.2
<U>Default Exceeding 10% of Firm Securities or Option Securities</U>. In the event that the default addressed in Section 6.1 relates
to more than 10% of the number of Firm Shares and accompanying Firm Warrants or Option Shares and accompanying Option Warrants, the Representative
may in its discretion arrange for itself or for another party or parties to purchase such Firm Securities or Option Securities to which
such default relates on the terms contained herein. If, within one (1) Business Day after such default relating to more than 10% of the
number of Firm Shares and accompanying Firm Warrants or Option Shares and accompanying Option Warrants, the Representative does not arrange
for the purchase of such Firm Securities or Option Securities, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of one (1) Business
Day within which to procure another party or parties satisfactory to the Representative to purchase said Firm Securities or Option Securities
on such terms. In the event that neither the Representative nor the Company arrange for the purchase of the Firm Securities or Option
Securities to which a default relates as provided in this Section 6, this Agreement will automatically be terminated by the Representative
or the Company without liability on the part of the Company (except as provided in Sections 3.10 and 5 hereof) or the several Underwriters
(except as provided in Section 5 hereof); provided, however, that if such default occurs with respect to the Option Securities, this
Agreement will not terminate as to the Firm Securities; and provided, further, that nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter
of its liability, if any, to the other Underwriters and to the Company for damages occasioned by its default hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.3
<U>Postponement of Closing Date</U>. In the event that the Firm Securities or Option Securities to which the default relates are to be
purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters, or are to be purchased by another party or parties as aforesaid, you or the Company shall
have the right to postpone the Closing Date or Option Closing Date for a reasonable period, but not in any event exceeding five (5) Business
Days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package
or the Prospectus or in any other documents and arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendment to the Registration
Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus that in the opinion of Representative Counsel may thereby be made necessary.
The term &ldquo;<B>Underwriter</B>&rdquo; as used in this Agreement shall include any party substituted under this Section 6 with like
effect as if it had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Firm Securities or Option Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.
<U>Additional Covenants</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.1
<U>Board Composition and Board Designations</U>. The Company shall ensure that: (i) the qualifications of the persons serving as members
of the Board of Directors and the overall composition of the Board of Directors comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Exchange Act
and the listing rules of the Exchange or any other national securities exchange, as the case may be, in the event the Company seeks to
have its Public Securities listed on another exchange or quoted on an automated quotation system, and (ii) if applicable, at least one
member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors qualifies as an &ldquo;audit committee financial expert,&rdquo; as such term
is defined under Regulation S-K and the listing rules of the Exchange.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.2
<U>Prohibition on Press Releases and Public Announcements</U>. The Company shall not issue press releases or engage in any other publicity,
without the Representative&rsquo;s prior written consent, for a period ending at 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>)
Business Day following the fortieth (40<SUP>th</SUP>) day after the Closing Date, other than normal and customary releases issued in
the ordinary course of the Company&rsquo;s business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8.
<U>Effective Date of this Agreement and Termination Thereof</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.1
<U>Effective Date</U>. This Agreement shall become effective when both the Company and the Representative have executed the same and
delivered counterparts of such signatures to the other party.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.2
<U>Termination</U>. The Representative shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at any time prior to any Closing Date, (i) if
any domestic or international event or act or occurrence has materially disrupted, or in the Representative&rsquo;s opinion will in the
immediate future materially disrupt, general securities markets in the United States; or (ii) if trading on the New York Stock Exchange
or the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC shall have been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been
fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required by FINRA or by order of the Commission or any other government
authority having jurisdiction; or (iii) if the United States shall have become involved in a new war or an increase in major hostilities;
or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by a New York State or federal authority; or (v) if a moratorium on foreign exchange
trading has been declared which materially adversely impacts the United States securities markets; or (vi) if the Company shall have
sustained a material loss by fire, flood, accident, hurricane, earthquake, theft, sabotage or other calamity or malicious act which,
whether or not such loss shall have been insured, will, in your opinion, make it inadvisable to proceed with the delivery of the Firm
Securities or Option Securities; or (vii) if the Company is in material breach of any of its representations, warranties or covenants
hereunder; or (viii) if the Representative shall have become aware after the date hereof of a Material Adverse Change, or an adverse
material change in general market conditions as in the Representative&rsquo;s judgment would make it impracticable to proceed with the
offering, sale and/or delivery of the Public Securities or to enforce contracts made by the Underwriters for the sale of the Public Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.3
<U>Expenses</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, except in the case of a default by the Underwriters, pursuant
to Section 6.2 above, in the event that this Agreement shall not be carried out for any reason whatsoever, within the time specified
herein or any extensions thereof pursuant to the terms herein, the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Underwriters their actual
and accountable out-of-pocket expenses related to the transactions contemplated herein then due and payable (including the reasonable
fees and disbursements of Representative Counsel not to exceed $50,000) up to $50,000, and upon demand the Company shall pay the full
amount thereof to the Representative on behalf of the Underwriters; provided, however, that such expense cap in no way limits or impairs
the indemnification and contribution provisions of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
the foregoing, any advance received by the Representative will be reimbursed to the Company to the extent not actually incurred in compliance
with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.4
<U>Survival of Indemnification</U>. Notwithstanding any contrary provision contained in this Agreement, any election hereunder or any
termination of this Agreement, and whether or not this Agreement is otherwise carried out, the provisions of Section 5 shall remain in
full force and effect and shall not be in any way affected by, such election or termination or failure to carry out the terms of this
Agreement or any part hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.5
<U>Representations, Warranties, Agreements to Survive</U>. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement
or in certificates of officers of the Company submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless
of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or its affiliates or selling agents, any person controlling any Underwriter,
its officers or directors or any person controlling the Company or (ii) delivery of and payment for the Public Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9.
<U>Miscellaneous</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.1
<U>Notices</U>. All communications hereunder, except as herein otherwise specifically provided, shall be in writing and shall be mailed
(registered or certified mail, return receipt requested), personally delivered or sent by facsimile transmission and confirmed and shall
be deemed given when so delivered or faxed and confirmed or if mailed, two (2) days after such mailing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
to the Representative:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kingswood&nbsp;Capital&nbsp;Markets<BR>
17&nbsp;Battery&nbsp;Place,&nbsp;Suite&nbsp;625<BR>
New&nbsp;York,&nbsp;New&nbsp;York&nbsp;10004<BR>
Attn: Joseph T. Rallo</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">with
a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><BR>
The NBD Group, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">350
N. Glendale Ave, Suite B522</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Glendale,
California 91206</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attn:
Sara L. Terheggen, Esq.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Email:
st@nbdpro.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
to the Company:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Protagenic
Therapeutics, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">149
Fifth Avenue</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, New York. 10010</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attn:
Garo Armen, Executive Chairman</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Email:
armen@agenusbio.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">with
a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Duane
Morris LLP</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1540
Broadway</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, New York 10036</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attn:
Dean M. Colucci, Esq.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Email:
dmcolucci@duanemorris.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.2
<U>Headings</U>. The headings contained herein are for the sole purpose of convenience of reference, and shall not in any way limit or
affect the meaning or interpretation of any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.3
<U>Amendment</U>. This Agreement may only be amended by a written instrument executed by each of the parties hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.4
<U>Entire Agreement</U>. This Agreement (together with the other agreements and documents being delivered pursuant to or in connection
with this Agreement) constitutes the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof, and
supersedes all prior agreements and understandings of the parties, oral and written, with respect to the subject matter hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.5
<U>Binding Effect</U>. This Agreement shall inure solely to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Representative, the Underwriters,
the Company and the controlling persons, directors and officers referred to in Section 5 hereof, and their respective successors, legal
representatives, heirs and assigns, and no other person shall have or be construed to have any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim
under or in respect of or by virtue of this Agreement or any provisions herein contained. The term &ldquo;successors and assigns&rdquo;
shall not include a purchaser, in its capacity as such, of securities from any of the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9.6
<U>Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Trial by Jury</U>. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance
with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof. The Company hereby agrees that
any action, proceeding or claim against it arising out of, or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in
the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and irrevocably
submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The Company hereby waives any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction
and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Any such process or summons to be served upon the Company may be served by transmitting
a copy thereof by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address set forth in
Section 9.1 hereof. Such mailing shall be deemed personal service and shall be legal and binding upon the Company in any action, proceeding
or claim. The Company agrees that the prevailing party(ies) in any such action shall be entitled to recover from the other party(ies)
all of its reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees and expenses relating to such action or proceeding and/or incurred in connection with the
preparation therefor. The Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders and affiliates)
and each of the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial
by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.7
<U>Execution in Counterparts</U>. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in
separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the
same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts has been signed by each of the parties hereto and delivered
to each of the other parties hereto. Delivery of a signed counterpart of this Agreement by facsimile or email/pdf transmission shall
constitute valid and sufficient delivery thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.8
<U>Waiver, etc</U>. The failure of any of the parties hereto to at any time enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement shall not
be deemed or construed to be a waiver of any such provision, nor to in any way effect the validity of this Agreement or any provision
hereof or the right of any of the parties hereto to thereafter enforce each and every provision of this Agreement. No waiver of any breach,
non-compliance or non-fulfillment of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be effective unless set forth in a written instrument
executed by the party or parties against whom or which enforcement of such waiver is sought; and no waiver of any such breach, non-compliance
or non-fulfillment shall be construed or deemed to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach, non-compliance or non-fulfillment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>[<I>Signature
Page Follows</I>]</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Underwriters and the Company, please so indicate in the space provided
below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between us.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very
    truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PROTAGENIC
    THERAPEUTICS, INC. </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 44%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
Garo H. Armen</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Garo
    H. Armen</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Executive
    Chairman</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Confirmed
    as of the date first written above mentioned, on behalf of itself and as Representative of the several Underwriters named on <U>Schedule
    1</U> hereto:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 222.3pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">KINGSWOOD
CAPITAL MARKETS,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">division
of Benchmark Investments, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Sam Fleischman</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sam
    Fleischman</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supervisory
    Principal</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    </TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[Signature
Page]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: small-caps">Protagenic
Therapeutics, Inc. &ndash; Underwriting Agreement</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>SCHEDULE
1</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold">Underwriter</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Total Number of Firm Shares and Accompanying Firm Warrants to be Purchased</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Number of Option Shares and Accompanying Option Warrants to be Purchased if the Over-Allotment Option is Fully Exercised</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: left">Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right">2,891,500</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Brookline Capital Markets, a division of Arcadia Securities, LLC</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">198,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">WestPark Capital, Inc.</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">90,500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">477,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>SCHEDULE
2-A</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Pricing
Information</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
of Firm Shares and Accompanying Firm Warrants: 3,180,000</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
of Option Shares and Accompanying Option Warrants: 477,000</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Public
Offering Price: $4.15</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Underwriting
Discount per Share and Accompanying Warrant: $0.332</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
to Company per Firm Share (before expenses): $3.818</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
to Company per Option Share (before expenses): $3.818</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>SCHEDULE
2-B</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Issuer
General Use Free Writing Prospectuses</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">[None.]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>&nbsp;</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><U>SCHEDULE
3</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>List
of Lock-Up Parties</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Garo
    Armen</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alexander
    Arrow</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Robert
    Stein</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andrew
    Slee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Khalil
    Barrage</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Josh
    Silverman</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Brian
    Corvese</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jennifer
    Buell</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>EXHIBIT
B</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Lock-Up
Agreement</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">______,
2021</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: small-caps">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: small-caps 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kingswood
Capital Markets</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">division
of Benchmark Investments, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">as&nbsp;Representative&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Underwriters<BR>
17 Battery Place, Suite 625</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, New York 10004</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ladies
and Gentlemen:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned understands that Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc. as representative of the underwriters
(the &ldquo;<B>Representative</B>&rdquo;) proposes to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the &ldquo;<B>Underwriting Agreement</B>&rdquo;)
with Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), providing for the public offering (the
&ldquo;<B>Public Offering</B>&rdquo;) of shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo;)
and Warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B>Warrants</B>&rdquo;, and collectively with the Common Stock, the &ldquo;<B>Securities</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
induce the Representative to continue its efforts in connection with the Public Offering, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without
the prior written consent of the Representative, the undersigned will not, during the period commencing on the date hereof and ending
180 days after the date of the final prospectus (the &ldquo;<B>Prospectus</B>&rdquo;) relating to the Public Offering (the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up
Period</B>&rdquo;), (1) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, grant, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly,
any Securities or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Securities, whether now owned or hereafter acquired
by the undersigned or with respect to which the undersigned has or hereafter acquires the power of disposition (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up
Securities</B>&rdquo;); (2) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic
consequences of ownership of the Lock-Up Securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled
by delivery of Lock-Up Securities, in cash or otherwise; (3) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration
of any Lock-Up Securities; or (4) publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any
transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement relating to any Lock-Up Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and subject to the conditions
below, the undersigned may transfer Lock-Up Securities without the prior written consent of the Representative in connection with (a)
transactions relating to Lock-Up Securities acquired in open market transactions after the completion of the Public Offering; <U>provided
</U>that no filing under Section 13 or Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Act</B>&rdquo;),
or other public announcement shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the Lock-Up Period in connection with subsequent sales
of Lock-Up Securities acquired in such open market transactions; (b) transfers of Lock-Up Securities as a <I>bona fide</I> gift, by will
or intestacy or to a family member or trust for the benefit of a family member (for purposes of this lock-up agreement, &ldquo;family
member&rdquo; means any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin); (c) transfers of Lock-Up Securities
to a charity or educational institution; or (d) if the undersigned, directly or indirectly, controls a corporation, partnership, limited
liability company or other business entity, any transfers of Lock-Up Securities to any shareholder, partner or member of, or owner of
similar equity interests in, the undersigned, as the case may be; <U>provided</U> that in the case of any transfer pursuant to the foregoing
clauses (b), (c) or (d), (i) it shall be a condition to any such transfer that (i) the transferee/donee agrees to be bound by the terms
of this lock-up agreement (including, without limitation, the restrictions set forth in the preceding sentence) to the same extent as
if the transferee/donee were a party hereto; (ii) each party (donor, donee, transferor or transferee) shall not be required by law (including
without limitation the disclosure requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Securities Act</B>&rdquo;), and
the Exchange Act) to make, and shall agree to not voluntarily make, any filing or public announcement of the transfer or disposition
prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period; and (iii) the undersigned notifies the Representative at least two (2) business days prior
to the proposed transfer or disposition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the foregoing restrictions shall not apply to (i) the exercise of stock options granted pursuant to the Company&rsquo;s equity
incentive plans or to any of the undersigned&rsquo;s common stock issued upon such exercise, (ii) exercise of warrants; provided that
it shall apply to any of the undersigned&rsquo;s common stock issued upon such exercise, or (iii) pursuant to an existing contract, instruction
or plan (a &ldquo;<B>Plan</B>&rdquo;) that satisfies all of the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act, (iv)
the establishment of any new Plan; provided that no sales of the undersigned&rsquo;s common stock shall be made pursuant to such new
Plan prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period (as such may have been extended pursuant to the provisions hereof), and such a Plan
may only be established if no public announcement of the establishment or existence thereof and no filing with the Securities and Exchange
Commission or other regulatory authority in respect thereof or transactions thereunder or contemplated thereby, by the undersigned, the
Company or any other person, shall be required, and no such announcement or filing is made voluntarily, by the undersigned, the Company
or any other person, prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period (as such may have been extended pursuant to the provisions hereof).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Company&rsquo;s transfer agent and registrar
against the transfer of the undersigned&rsquo;s securities subject to this lock-up agreement except in compliance with this lock-up agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the undersigned is an officer or director of the Company, (i) the undersigned agrees that the foregoing restrictions shall be equally
applicable to any Securities that the undersigned may purchase in the Public Offering; (ii) the Representative agrees that, at least
three (3) business days before the effective date of any release or waiver of the foregoing restrictions in connection with a transfer
of Lock-Up Securities, the Representative will notify the Company of the impending release or waiver; and (iii) the Company has agreed
in the Underwriting Agreement to announce the impending release or waiver by press release through a major news service at least two
(2) business days before the effective date of the release or waiver. Any release or waiver granted by the Representative hereunder to
any such officer or director shall only be effective two (2) business days after the publication date of such press release. The provisions
of this paragraph will not apply if (a) the release or waiver is effected solely to permit a transfer of Lock-Up Securities not for consideration
and (b) the transferee has agreed in writing to be bound by the same terms described in this lock-up agreement to the extent and for
the duration that such terms remain in effect at the time of such transfer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned understands that the Company and the Representative are relying upon this lock-up agreement in proceeding toward consummation
of the Public Offering. The undersigned further understands that this lock-up agreement is irrevocable and shall be binding upon the
undersigned&rsquo;s heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned understands that, if the Underwriting Agreement does not become effective on or prior to April 30, 2021, or if the Underwriting
Agreement (other than the provisions thereof which survive termination) shall terminate or be terminated prior to payment for and delivery
of the Securities to be sold thereunder, the undersigned shall be released from all obligations under this lock-up agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
lock-up agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Very truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Name - Please Print)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Signature)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Name of Signatory, in the case of entities - Please Print)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Title of Signatory, in the case of entities - Please Print)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 5%">Address:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">    </FONT></TD></TR>
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<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex99-1.htm
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Exhibit
99.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Protagenic
Therapeutics, Inc. Announces Nasdaq Uplisting and</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pricing
of $13.2 Million Public Offering</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>New
York&mdash;April 26, 2021&mdash;</B> Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:PTIX) (&ldquo;PTIX&rdquo; or &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) today
announced the pricing of an underwritten public offering of 3,180,000 units at a public offering price of $4.15 per unit for aggregate
gross proceeds of approximately $13.2 million prior to deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and other offering expenses. Each
unit is comprised of one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock. Each warrant is exercisable for
one share of common stock at an exercise price of $4.98 per share and will expire five years from issuance. In addition, the Company
has granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 477,000 units at the public offering price less the underwriting
discounts and commissions. The offering is expected to close on or around April 29, 2021, subject to satisfaction of customary closing
conditions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the offering, the Company has received approval to list its common stock and warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market, with
its common stock trading under the symbol &ldquo;PTIX&rdquo; and the warrants trading under the symbol &ldquo;PTIXW&rdquo;, with trading
expected to begin on April 27, 2021. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kingswood
Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc., is acting as sole book-running manager for the offering. Brookline Capital
Markets, a division of Arcadia Securities, LLC, is acting as co-manager.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Securities and Exchange Commission (&ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) declared effective a registration statement on Form S-1 relating to these securities
on April 26, 2021. A final prospectus relating to this offering will be filed with the SEC. The offering is being made only by means
of a prospectus, copies of which may be obtained, when available, from: Kingswood Capital Markets, a division of Benchmark Investments
Inc., 17 Battery Place, Suite 625, New York, NY 10004, Attention: Syndicate Department, or via email at syndicate@kingswoodcm.com or
telephone at (212) 404-7002.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities described herein, nor
shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful
prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>About
Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #1A1A1A">Protagenic
Therapeutics, Inc. is a pre-clinical biopharmaceutical company endeavoring to develop first-in-class neuro-active peptides into human
therapeutics to treat anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, addiction, and other disorders. For more information, visit </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">http://www.protagenic.com<FONT STYLE="color: #1A1A1A">.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Forward-Looking
Statements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
statements in this press release that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that reflect management&rsquo;s current
expectations, assumptions, and estimates of future performance and economic conditions, and involve risks and uncertainties that could
cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the statements made herein. Forward-looking statements are generally
identifiable by the use of forward-looking terminology such as &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;expects,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;looks
to,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;on condition,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo;
&ldquo;see,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimates,&rdquo; &ldquo;preliminary,&rdquo; or &ldquo;anticipates&rdquo; or the negative
thereof or comparable terminology, or by discussion of strategy or goals or other future events, circumstances, or effects. Moreover,
forward-looking statements in this release include, but are not limited to, the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic, which may limit
access to the Company&rsquo;s facilities, customers, management, support staff, and professional advisors, and to develop and deliver
advanced voice and data communications systems, demand for the Company&rsquo;s products and services, economic conditions in the U.S.
and worldwide, and the Company&rsquo;s ability to recruit and retain management, technical, and sales personnel. Further information
relating to factors that may impact the Company&rsquo;s results and forward-looking statements are disclosed in the Company&rsquo;s filings
with the SEC. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made as of the date of this press release, and the Company
disclaims any intention or obligation, other than imposed by law, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result
of new information, future events, or otherwise.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Contact:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alexander
K. Arrow, MD, CFA</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
Financial Officer</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel:
213-260-4342</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Email:
alex.arrow@protagenic.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<TYPE>EX-99.2
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;Exhibit
99.2</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Protagenic
Therapeutics, Inc. Announces Closing of $13.2 Million Public Offering and Uplisting to Nasdaq</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white; color: #1D2228"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>New
York&mdash;April 29, 2021&mdash;</B> Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:PTIX) (&ldquo;PTIX&rdquo; or &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) today
announced the closing of an underwritten public offering of 3,180,000 units at a public offering price of $4.15 per unit. Each unit is
comprised of one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock. Each warrant is exercisable at a price
of $4.98 per share and will expire five years from issuance. In addition, the Company has granted the underwriters a 45-day option to
purchase up to an additional 477,000 units at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions. The common stock
and warrants comprising the units separated upon closing of the offering and were issued separately.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
common stock and warrants began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market on April 27, 2021, under the symbols &ldquo;PTIX&rdquo; and &ldquo;PTIXW,&rdquo;
respectively. The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $13.2 million, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions
and other estimated offering expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kingswood
Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc., acted as sole book-running manager for the offering. Brookline Capital Markets,
a division of Arcadia Securities, LLC, acted as co-manager.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Securities and Exchange Commission (&ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) declared effective a registration statement on Form S-1 relating to these securities
on April 26, 2021. A final prospectus relating to this offering was filed with the SEC. The offering was made only by means of a prospectus,
copies of which may be obtained, when available, from: Kingswood Capital Markets, a division of Benchmark Investments Inc., 17 Battery
Place, Suite 625, New York, NY 10004, Attention: Syndicate Department, or via email at syndicate@kingswoodcm.com or telephone at (212)
404-7002.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities described herein, nor
shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful
prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>About
Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #1A1A1A">Protagenic
Therapeutics, Inc. is a pre-clinical biopharmaceutical company endeavoring to develop first-in-class neuro-active peptides into human
therapeutics to treat anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, addiction, and other disorders. For more information, visit </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">http://www.protagenic.com<FONT STYLE="color: #1A1A1A">.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; color: #1A1A1A"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Forward-Looking
Statements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
statements in this press release that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that reflect management&rsquo;s current
expectations, assumptions, and estimates of future performance and economic conditions, and involve risks and uncertainties that could
cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the statements made herein. Forward-looking statements are generally
identifiable by the use of forward-looking terminology such as &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;expects,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;looks
to,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;on condition,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo;
&ldquo;see,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimates,&rdquo; &ldquo;preliminary,&rdquo; or &ldquo;anticipates&rdquo; or the negative
thereof or comparable terminology, or by discussion of strategy or goals or other future events, circumstances, or effects. Moreover,
forward-looking statements in this release include, but are not limited to, the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic, which may limit
access to the Company&rsquo;s facilities, customers, management, support staff, and professional advisors, and to develop and deliver
advanced voice and data communications systems, demand for the Company&rsquo;s products and services, economic conditions in the U.S.
and worldwide, and the Company&rsquo;s ability to recruit and retain management, technical, and sales personnel. Further information
relating to factors that may impact the Company&rsquo;s results and forward-looking statements are disclosed in the Company&rsquo;s filings
with the SEC. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made as of the date of this press release, and the Company
disclaims any intention or obligation, other than imposed by law, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result
of new information, future events, or otherwise.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Contact:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alexander
K. Arrow, MD, CFA</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
Financial Officer</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel:
213-260-4342</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Email:
alex.arrow@protagenic.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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