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13. INCOME TAXES (Details 2) (USD $)
Sep. 30, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deferred tax liabilities $ 0 $ 0
Allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories 7,129 6,973
Impairment on property, plant and equipment 475,149 464,778
Exploration costs 1,821,681 1,781,921
Compensation costs of unexercised stock options 1,991,754 1,809,378
US federal net operating loss 8,953,846 8,809,935
Total deferred tax assets 13,249,559 12,872,985
Valuation allowance (10,945,600) (10,619,313)
Net deferred tax asset 2,303,959 2,253,672
Current deferred tax asset 7,129 6,973
Long-term deferred tax asset $ 2,296,830 $ 2,246,699